JPH11101758A - Evaluation method for life of polymer composite material, selection method for insulating material, polymer composite material and insulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an evaluation method in which a degradation accelerated test can be performed with high reliability, by a method wherein a period in which the existence amount of tertiary carbon for a polymer composite material containing a filler used to enhance the simple-substance characteristic of a polymer is at a prescribed threshold value or lower is judged as the life of the polymer composite material. SOLUTION: A polymer composite material in which a polymer such as EPDM rubber excellent in a molding property and a filler such as aluminum, hydroxide used to enhance the single-substance characteristic (the tracking resistance, the flame retardance or the like) of the polymer are contained is degraded by a xenon arc or the like. The amount of tertiary carbon in the degraded polymer composite material is measured by a nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) absorption measuring apparatus. A period in which the existence amount of the tertiary carbon is at a prescribed threshold value (1%) or lower is judged as the life of the polymer composite material. As a result, the polymer composite material in which the existence amount of the tertiary carbon measured by the NMR absorption measuring apparatus can be selected as an insulating material. As a result, an insulating device composed of the polymer composite material which is relatively lightweight as compared with a porcelain and whose impact resistance is high can be used as a substitute for a porcelain product.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the life of a polymer composite material, a method for selecting an insulating material, a polymer composite material, and an insulating device. Useful to apply.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art High-voltage equipment that is directly exposed to the outdoors includes:
There are insulating devices such as insulators, insulator tubes, spacers, and bushings. Porcelain products that are not electrically and mechanically deteriorated have been used as insulating materials and structural materials that are directly exposed to the outdoors as such insulating devices from ancient times.

However, porcelain products represented by insulators and porcelain tubes have a large specific gravity, so that the weight of the products cannot be neglected. And beautification.

[0004] Further, since the porcelain product itself is hard and brittle, there is a danger that the insulator shade will be broken by an impact force due to electric energy at the time of aerial flashing on the outside, and parts will fall from the steel tower. doing. In the case of porcelain porcelain tubes (lightning arresters) with an internal arrester element, the energy generated by penetrating flashes inside the arrester element or flashing outside the arrester element when absorbing an excessive lightning surge is located in the gap between the arrester element and the porcelain pipe The air expands or explodes and the porcelain scatters.

[0005] In addition, overseas, damage to porcelain insulators or porcelain tubes due to mischief with a gun (bandarism:
It is easy to recognize as a target, and it breaks brilliantly on hit, so it is used as a shooting practice base).

[0006] From these facts, molded products (for example, insulating devices such as insulators, insulator tubes, spacers, and bushings) using a polymer composite material which is relatively lighter and have higher impact resistance than porcelain products, can be used for porcelain products. Has been considered around the world for some time.

[0007] The properties required for the polymer composite material for this purpose are mainly weather resistance and tracking resistance.

As a method of accelerating deterioration for evaluating these required characteristics, a weather resistance test (ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard D 2565, etc.) and a tracking resistance test (IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) standard pub. 587,
Others) and a composite deterioration test (IECpub. 1109, etc.). Conventionally, the deterioration behavior of a polymer composite material is quantified by physical properties such as weight loss, leakage current, surface roughness, and contact angle.

[0009] The present polymer composite materials show sufficient values in the initial physical property test and the deterioration promotion evaluation test.

However, since the actual use environment of a molded product (insulating equipment) using a polymer composite material varies widely, the results of the accelerated deterioration test of the polymer composite material cannot be said to guarantee physical properties until the product life. This is the biggest factor preventing the spread of insulating equipment using polymer composite materials.

Further, in order to obtain a correlation between the accelerated deterioration test and the actual use environment, it is necessary to finally obtain a product which has reached the end of its life in the actual use environment (for example, an actual use product of 20 years or more). Rather, at this stage, it is necessary to measure the degree of deterioration of the actual product each time.

Further, the above physical properties (weight loss, amount of leakage current,
Surface roughness, contact angle, etc.) are apparent changes caused by deterioration of the material. Conventionally, there was no method for directly quantifying the deterioration of the polymer composite material, so that the reliability of the accelerated deterioration test was poor.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the life of a polymer composite material which directly quantifies the deterioration of the material and enables a highly reliable accelerated deterioration test. A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for selecting an insulating material that enables selection of a polymer composite material suitable for an insulating material that can be replaced with porcelain. The object of the present invention is to provide a polymer composite material which is relatively lighter and has higher impact resistance than porcelain and can be replaced with porcelain. An object of the present invention is to provide an insulating device which is a molded product that is relatively lightweight and has high impact resistance as compared with a porcelain product.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for evaluating the life of a polymer composite material, comprising: a polymer; and a filler for improving a single characteristic of the polymer. The tertiary carbon content of the polymer composite material is measured by NMR, and a period in which the amount of the tertiary carbon is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value is determined to be the life of the polymer composite material. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the predetermined threshold value is 1%.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for selecting an insulating material, comprising the steps of: deteriorating a polymer composite material containing a polymer and a filler for improving the properties of the polymer alone; NM of tertiary carbon content of deteriorated polymer composite material
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein a polymer composite material having an amount of tertiary carbon less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value is selected as an insulating material. It is characterized in that it is deteriorated by arc irradiation, and the predetermined threshold value is 1%.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polymer composite material comprising a polymer and carbon black, wherein when the weight of the polymer is 100, the weight of the carbon black exceeds 0. 4 or less, and in the invention according to claim 6, the polymer is a polymer having excellent moldability, and in the invention according to claim 7,
The polymer according to claim 8, further comprising a filler that improves at least one of tracking resistance and flame retardancy of the polymer alone.
DM rubber, the filler is aluminum hydroxide, further comprising a peroxide as a vulcanizing agent, according to the invention according to claim 9, when the weight of EPDM rubber is 100, carbon black Weight 2 or more 4
It is characterized by the following.

As means for solving the fourth problem,
An insulating device according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the insulating device is formed of any one of the above polymer composite materials.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the case of using voltage-apparatus directly exposed outdoors with insulating devices such as insulators, insulator tubes, spacers, bushings, etc., formed using a polymer composite material,
Tertiary carbon is generated on the surface directly exposed to the outdoor environment.

The inventors focused on the fact that the amount of tertiary carbon was directly dependent on the deterioration of the material, and performed a weather resistance test on various polymer composite materials using a xenon arc lamp to deteriorate the material. An experiment was performed to determine the amount of tertiary carbon by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance absorption spectrometer) on the sample with the irradiation time of the xenon arc as a factor.

As a result, depending on the amount of tertiary carbon,
It was found that the degradation life of the polymer composite material used for outdoor insulation can be evaluated with high reliability, and that a polymer composite material suitable for an insulating material that can be replaced with porcelain can be selected. Accordingly, the composition of a polymer composite material that is relatively lighter and has higher impact resistance than porcelain has also been found, and molded articles using this polymer composite material are relatively lighter and more resistant to porcelain products. It can be said that the insulation equipment has high impact properties.

Hereinafter, the examples (Table 1,
Table 3) will be described in comparison with Comparative Examples (Tables 1 and 2).

The samples are shown in Table 1 for both Examples and Comparative Examples.
The polymer composite materials of Sample Nos. 1 to 6 shown in FIG.

[0023]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, as a raw material of the polymer composite material, EPDM rubber (ethylene-propylene terpolymer) was used as a polymer, and carbon black, aluminum hydroxide and peroxide (peroxide) were used as additives. These were blended at phr (weight of the additive when the weight of rubber was 100) shown in Table 1 to obtain polymer composite materials 1 to 6. However, sample 1 and sample 2
Does not contain carbon black.

Among the raw materials, EPDM rubber is a polymer having excellent moldability. EPDM rubber alone has poor physical properties in terms of weather resistance, tracking resistance and flame retardancy. Therefore, carbon black is used as a filler for improving weather resistance, and a filler for improving tracking resistance and flame retardancy is used. Aluminum hydroxide is used as the material. Peroxide was used as a vulcanizing agent.

As EPDM rubber, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
Esplen 670F (trade name), Nippon Steel # 200 (trade name) as carbon black,
H-42M of Showa Denko KK as aluminum hydroxide
(Trade name), Parkmill D-40 (trade name) of NOF Corporation was used as the peroxide.

In the accelerated weathering test, in each of Examples and Comparative Examples, each of Samples 1 to 6 was irradiated with a xenon arc by a xenon arc lamp to be deteriorated. The irradiation time was 0 hour (no irradiation), 100 hours, 200 hours, 500 hours, 1000 hours, 2000 hours as shown in Tables 2 and 3.
Changed gradually with time.

As a comparative example, the rubber hardness of each deteriorated sample was measured by a conventional method of measuring rubber hardness.
Table 2 shows the measurement results.

[0029]

[Table 2]

From Table 2 (Comparative Example), in the rubber hardness measurement, which is a conventional evaluation method, the rubber hardness varies depending on the amount of the filler, and the measured values vary, so that a qualitative deterioration tendency can be grasped. It can be seen that the life and the reliability of material selection are low.

Next, in the examples, the amount of tertiary carbon of each deteriorated sample was measured by NMR, and it was determined whether or not the life was reached with the allowable threshold value of the abundance being 1%.

Table 3 shows the result of the judgment. In Table 3, 3
If the amount of class carbon is 1% or less, it is judged that the life is not reached and a circle (○) is given. If it exceeds 1%, the life is judged to be reached and a cross (x) is given. .

[0033]

[Table 3]

Table 3 (Example) shows the following. (1) The judgment result does not vary with respect to the amount of the filler and the irradiation time as in the case of the rubber hardness measurement.
Degradation behavior with respect to the amount of grade carbon can be quantified. (2) Therefore, the amount of tertiary carbon in a polymer composite material containing a polymer and a filler for improving its elemental properties can be determined by NMR.
By comparing the amount of tertiary carbon with a predetermined threshold value, it is possible to determine with high reliability whether or not the polymer composite material has reached the end of its life. The period in which the amount is equal to or less than the predetermined threshold value can be determined to be the life of the polymer composite material. (3) A polymer composite material containing a polymer and a filler for improving the elemental properties of the polymer is deteriorated by a deterioration acceleration test, and the amount of tertiary carbon of the deteriorated polymer composite material is measured by NMR to obtain a predetermined amount. By comparing with a threshold value, a polymer composite material in which the amount of tertiary carbon is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value can be selected with high reliability as an insulating material. (4) It also contains a polymer and carbon black, and when the weight of the polymer is 100, the weight of carbon black is 0.
A polymer composite material exceeding 4 and not more than 4 is suitable as an insulating material. (5) EPDM rubber is used as the polymer, and carbon black and aluminum hydroxide are used as the filler.
A polymer composite material using peroxide as a vulcanizing agent is more suitable as an insulating material. (6) In particular, when the weight of EPDM rubber is 100, a polymer composite material in which the weight of carbon black is 2 or more and 4 or less is very suitable as an insulating material. (7) Accordingly, insulating devices such as insulators, insulator tubes, spacers, and bushings formed using these polymer composite materials are:
It is suitable as a high-voltage device that is directly exposed outdoors.

The threshold value of 1% shown in the above embodiment is not an absolute value. That is, since the deterioration life is also caused by the electric field strength, the product shape, and the internal stress, 1% is the judgment reference value in this embodiment.

[0036]

As described above, according to the method for estimating the life of a polymer composite material of the present invention, the abundance of tertiary carbon is measured using an NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance absorption measuring device) to deteriorate the material. Is directly quantified, the life can be evaluated by comparison with a predetermined threshold value, and a highly reliable degradation acceleration test can be performed.

Further, according to the insulating material selection method of the present invention, the amount of tertiary carbon in the polymer composite material after the deterioration promotion test is measured by NMR, and the amount of tertiary carbon is less than a predetermined threshold value. Since the material is selected as the insulating material, the composition of the polymer composite material that can be replaced with a conventional porcelain and that is directly exposed to the outdoors can be selected with high reliability.

Further, since the polymer composite material of the present invention contains a polymer and carbon black having a weight of more than 0 and 4 or less when the weight of the polymer is 100, it is relatively lighter than porcelain. It has high impact resistance and can be replaced with porcelain.

Since the insulating device of the present invention is a molded product using the polymer composite material of the present invention, it is a relatively lightweight and high impact-resistant insulating device as compared with a porcelain product.
Very useful for high voltage equipment exposed directly to the outdoors.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI G01N 24/08 G01N 24/08 510P

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. The amount of tertiary carbon of a polymer composite material containing a polymer and a filler for improving the elemental properties of the polymer is set to N
A method for evaluating the life of a polymer composite material, wherein a period during which the amount of the tertiary carbon is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value is determined to be the life of the polymer composite material. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold value is 1%. 3. Deteriorating a polymer composite material containing a polymer and a filler for improving the properties of the polymer alone, measuring the amount of tertiary carbon of the deteriorated polymer composite material by NMR, and A method for selecting an insulating material, wherein a polymer composite material having an abundance of not more than a predetermined threshold value is selected as an insulating material. 4. The method according to claim 4, wherein the polymer composite material is deteriorated by irradiation of a xenon arc, and the predetermined threshold value is set to 1%. 5. A polymer composite material comprising a polymer and carbon black, wherein, when the weight of the polymer is 100, the weight of the carbon black is more than 0 and 4 or less. 6. The polymer composite material according to claim 5, wherein the polymer is a polymer having excellent moldability. 7. The polymer composite material according to claim 6, further comprising a filler for improving at least one of the tracking resistance and the flame retardancy of the polymer alone. 8. The polymer composite material according to claim 7, wherein said polymer is EPDM rubber, said filler is aluminum hydroxide, and further contains peroxide as a vulcanizing agent. 9. When the weight of EPDM rubber is 100,
The polymer composite material according to claim 8, wherein the weight of the carbon black is 2 or more and 4 or less. 10. An insulating device formed of the polymer composite material according to claim 5. Description: