JPH1090450A - Heat reception plate of fusion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sustain superhigh heat load and impact of neutron generated from plasma by forming a heat reception plate with armor part and heat sink part and constituting the first coated part of coating layer with titanium and copper and the second part with titanium foil. SOLUTION: The heat reception plate 17 as a wall 16 covering one sides of breeding blanket 14, diverter 15, etc., is constituted of armor part 18 of carbon group and a heat sink part 19 made of copper or copper alloy. Between the armor part 18 and the sink part 19, a coating layer 20 consisting of the first coating part 21 and the second coating part 22. The first coating part 21 is made by coating mixture powder in paste state with weight ratio of 10% titanium and 90 % copper on the armor part 18 and heated-coating in vacuum and the second coating part 22 made of titanium foil is fitted in between the coating part 21 and the sink part 19 and then heated again to form the heat reception plate 17. By this, the production of cadmium due to reaction of neutron and silver and coating force is attained. Thus, the constituting such as breeding blanket and the like is protected from superhigh heat load and neutron load.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat receiving plate for a nuclear fusion device, and more particularly to a method for further increasing the bonding strength of a heat receiving plate attached to a first wall against a superheat load of plasma and a superneutron load. The present invention relates to a heat receiving plate for a fusion device that is hardened.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fusion device, for example, a tokamak-type fusion device, has a vacuum vessel 1 formed in a torus shape outside a plasma 2 and having inner and outer walls as vacuum walls, as shown in FIG. The plasma 2 containing double hydrogen and tritium as fuel is sealed therein. A breeding blanket 3 surrounding the plasma 2 is provided inside the vacuum vessel 1. The breeding blanket 3 contains, for example, a tritium breeding material. The breeding blanket 3 causes the tritium breeding material to react with high-energy neutrons generated from the plasma 2, thereby causing the growth of tritium and the generation of neutrons. The high heat energy at this time is taken out to the outside by a coolant in a pipe provided in the breeding blanket 3. Also,
A first wall 4 is provided on the surface of the breeding blanket 3 facing the plasma 2, and a diverter 5 is provided on one side of the breeding blanket 3.

[0003] A plasma 2 is provided outside the vacuum vessel 1.
Is provided, and a poloidal coil 7 for controlling the position and shape of the plasma 2 to an appropriate state is provided outside the toroidal coil 6. The toroidal coil 6 and the poloidal coil 7 are both formed of superconducting coils, and these coils 6 and 7 are accommodated in a cryostat 8.

On the other hand, a propagation blanket 3 and a diverter 5
As shown in FIG. 8, the first wall 4
The heat receiving plate 9 is designed to withstand an ultra-high heat load, a super-neutral particle load, and the like generated from the heat sink. This heat receiving plate 9
Is composed of a block-shaped or tile-shaped armor section 10 and a heat sink section 11 provided with a cooling passage (not shown) through which a coolant flows. This armor section 10
During charge exchange of the plasma 2, sputtering occurs. At that time, a high atomic number material such as carbon or beryllium is made of a material having a low melting point such as carbon or beryllium so that impurities generated at a high atomic number do not enter the plasma 2 and hinder the operation of the plasma. ing. Further, the heat sink portion 11 is made of a high heat conductive material that favorably absorbs the ultra-high temperature heat of the plasma 2, for example, copper or a copper alloy.

As shown in FIG. 8, the armor portion 10 is attached to a heat sink portion 11 via an attachment layer 12, and the attachment layer 12 is provided with a metal brazing material containing silver, or as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
3 was selectively used.

As described above, the heat receiving plate 9 as the first wall 4
Is provided with an armor section 10 and a heat sinking section 11, and the armor section 10 is securely and firmly adhered to the heat sink section 11 so that the armor section 10 is loaded with an ultra-high heat load of the plasma 2 and an ultra-neutral particle load. And the like, while the heat sink portion 11 functions as a good heat absorber, and thus the breeding blanket 3
And the divertor 5 are protected from thermal shock.

[0007]

The recent nuclear fusion devices are:
The time of the operation for confining the plasma 2 has become longer than before, and accordingly the apparatus itself has become ultra-large. For this reason, it is becoming difficult for the heat receiving plate 9 to withstand an ultra-high heat load and an ultra-neutral particle load generated from the plasma. In particular, when a metal brazing containing silver is used for the adhesion layer 12 of the armor portion 10 and the heat sink portion 11 shown as a conventional example in FIG. 8, even if the adhesion force is excellent, the silver becomes neutral particles. Transmutation occurs to produce cadmium, which may cause the breeding blanket to react the plasma 2 with the tritium breeding material, causing tritium breeding and neutron exotherm, which may lead to a deterioration of the morphology as compared to the past. coming out.

Further, even if it is attempted to use the mechanical strength of the bolt 13 to apply the adhesion between the armor 10 and the heat sink 11 shown in FIG. Thermal stress is generated in each member due to a difference in expansion coefficient, and it is difficult to reliably secure the applied force.

As described above, in the case where the armor section 10 is attached to the heat sink section 11, the above-mentioned means which has been selectively used in the past has already reached the limit with the increase in the size of the nuclear fusion device. New alternative technologies are needed.

[0010] The present invention has been made based on such a demand, and has been developed for an ultra-high heat load generated from plasma.
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat receiving plate of a fusion device in which the adhesion between an armor and a heat sink is further improved so that it can sufficiently cope with the impact of neutral particles. And

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat receiving plate for a nuclear fusion device, wherein the heat receiving plate is formed by an armor portion and a heat sink portion. In the heat receiving plate of the fusion device having an adhesion layer between the armor portion and the heat sink portion, the adhesion layer is the first
It is divided into an adhered portion and a second adhered portion, wherein the first adhered portion is made of an alloy of titanium and copper, and the second adhered portion is made of a titanium foil.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention has the following features.
The alloy of titanium and copper as the first adhered portion is characterized in that titanium is 10% by weight and copper is 90% by weight.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to the present invention has the following features.
The second adherend is made of either a lead foil or a lead-copper alloy.

In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to the present invention has the following features.
The adhered layer uses titanium powder and copper powder, and has a fine particle size of titanium powder and a relatively coarse particle size of copper powder.

In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to the present invention has the following features.
The armor portion is configured as a graphite matrix portion of graphite and graphite fiber, and has an adhesion layer made of a titanium-copper alloy between the armor portion and the heat sink portion.

In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to the present invention has the following features.
The adhesion layer is formed by alternately forming an adhesion layer composed of titanium and an adhesion layer composed of copper in multiple layers.

In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to the present invention has the following features.
The deposition layer is divided into a first deposition portion and a second deposition portion,
The adherend is ion-plated with titanium, and the second adherent is coated with copper.

The heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.
The adhered layer is made of a ceramic adhesive.

The heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.
The ceramic adhesive is composed of alumina oxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and potassium silicate.

In order to achieve the above object, the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention has an armor portion made of a ceramic material or coated with a ceramic material. Any one of the above is selected, and the adhered layer between the armor section and the heat sink section is made of a ceramic adhesive.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing a heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

Propagation blanket 14 and diverter 1
The heat receiving plate 17 as a first wall 16 that covers at least one of the fifth and the like 5 is composed of a graphite-based armor portion 18 and a heat sink portion 19 made of copper or a copper alloy. An adhesion layer 20 is provided therebetween. The deposition layer 20 is formed from a first deposition portion 21 and a second deposition portion 22.

The first adherend 21 is made of titanium 10 by weight.
% And 90% copper in a paste-like mixed powder is coated on the armor section 18, heated in vacuum, and adhered to the armor section 18. The heating temperature in this case is desirably 900 ° C. to 1100 ° C., which is higher than the eutectic temperature of titanium and copper. The second adhered portion 22 is made of titanium foil, and is mounted between the first adhered portion 21 of the armature portion 18 and the heat sink portion 19, and then again at a temperature of 100 in vacuum.
Heating is performed at 0 ° C. for 5 minutes to produce the heat receiving plate 17. In the case where a titanium foil is used as the second adherend 22, it is desirable that the thickness be 30 μm and that the film be heated in a vacuum at a temperature of 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes. This is because when the first adhered portion 21 is adhered to the heat sink portion 19, the amount of titanium is relatively large, and if the heating time becomes longer, the titanium as the second adhered portion 22 becomes liquid. This is because they are satisfactorily diffused, become in a brazing state, and the adherence is further increased.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the armor unit 1
8, a first adhered portion 21 made of a titanium-copper alloy is adhered, and a second adhered portion 22 as a titanium foil is attached between the first adhered portion 21 and the heat sink portion 19 to receive heat. Board 1
Since No. 7 was produced, cadmium was not generated due to the reaction between the neutral particles and silver as in the related art, and a sufficient adhesion force could be secured.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view schematically showing a second embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, an alloy made of titanium and copper is applied to the armor portion 18 in the first adherend 2.
After attaching the second attaching portion 23 as a lead foil or a lead-copper alloy between the first attaching portion 21 and the heat sink portion 19, the temperature is increased in an inert gas atmosphere or vacuum. The coating layer 24 was formed by heating at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C. for 30 minutes.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the second adherend 2
As lead 3 or lead-copper alloy with low melting point was used as 3,
Even if the armature portion 18 is damaged due to long-term use, the second attachment portion 23 can be easily removed. Therefore, the replacement work of the armor section 18 can be easily performed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a third embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the adhering layer 24 for adhering the graphite armor 18 to the copper heat sink 19 is made of a mixed powder of titanium powder 25 and copper powder 26, and the titanium powder 25 is 5 wt. %, Which is denser than the particle size of the copper powder 26.

Originally, the titanium powder 25 is lighter than the specific gravity of the copper powder 26, so that when it is made into a paste, it tends to agglomerate on the surface of the copper powder 26. Thus, the titanium powder 25 can be uniformly diffused into the inside of the metal powder 26 to make the distribution of the titanium powder 25 uniform.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the armor section 1
When the heat sink portion 8 is adhered to the heat sink 19 via the adhesion layer 24, since relatively more copper powder 26 is agglomerated on the joint surface, an increase in hardness of the joint surface can be prevented. Adhering force can be further secured.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view schematically showing a fourth embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the present embodiment, the armature 18 is
Is filled with a matrix-like graphite fiber 28 to form a graphite matrix 29, and the graphite matrix 2
9 is formed into an uneven shape by sputtering or laser illumination, and is attached to the heat sink 19;
As in the first embodiment, a paste-like titanium / copper mixed powder 30 is coated.

In this embodiment, the end surface of the graphite matrix portion 29 as the armor portion 18 is formed into an uneven shape, and the paste-like titanium / copper mixed powder 3 is formed on the uneven end surface.
0 and coated on the heat sink portion 19, the contact area of the graphite matrix portion 29 as the armor portion 18 can be increased, and the titanium / copper mixed powder 30 easily penetrates into the concave portion. Become. For this reason,
The adherence between the armor 18 and the heat sink 19 can be further enhanced.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view schematically showing a fifth embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, when the heat sink 19 is attached to the armature 18, titanium is used for the first applied layer 31, copper is used for the second applied layer 32, titanium is used for the third applied layer 33, and the fourth Copper is used alternately for the deposition layers 34, and each of the deposition layers 31, 32,
.. Are subjected to ion plating.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since the deposited layers 31, 32,... As titanium and copper are formed by ion plating, the thicknesses of the deposited layers 31, 32, uniform are small. .., And the adherence can be further enhanced.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view schematically showing a sixth embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, when the heat sink 19 is attached to the armor 18, titanium is used for the first attachment layer 35, copper is used for the second attachment layer 36, and the first attachment layer 35 is attached to the heat sink 19. Titanium is applied by ion plating, and copper of the second coating layer 36 is coated in a paste state to perform coating.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the armor 18
When applying the heat sink 19 to the heat sink, the ion plating and the coating can be performed at the same time, thereby performing the operation at a low cost and with a short working time.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seventh embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

In the present embodiment, a ceramic adhesive in which powders of alumina oxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and water-soluble potassium silicate are mixed is adhered between an armor 18 made of graphite and a heat sink 19 made of copper. It is formed as a layer 37.

In this embodiment, when the dissimilar materials of the armor section 18 and the heat sink section 19 are joined to each other, an adhesion layer 37 as a ceramic adhesive which is hard to be activated is provided between the dissimilar materials. Transmutation does not occur even by collision of neutral particles generated from 2,
Thermal elongation of dissimilar materials having mutually different linear expansion coefficients can be favorably absorbed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the change of the nuclei of the neutral particles and to reliably secure the adhesion between the armature portion 18 and the heat sink portion 19. In the present embodiment, the armor portion 18 is made of graphite. However, the armor portion 18 made of graphite is coated with a ceramic agent or the armor portion 18 itself is made of a ceramic material to form the adhered layer 37. Since it is of the same type as the ceramic adhesive described above, the adherence can be effectively exerted.

[0045]

As described above, the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention, when attaching the heat sink portion to the armor portion, comprises a titanium-copper alloy system, a lead foil, a titanium foil and a ceramic agent. At least one or more of them are combined to form an adherend, and the adherend is uniformly adhered by paste or ion plating, so that a higher adherence than before can be surely secured. In other words, the components such as breeding blankets, divertors, vacuum vessels, etc. should be sufficiently protected from the impact forces of ultra-high temperature loads and ultra-neutral particle loads generated by plasma accompanying the ultra-large size of fusion devices. And a plasma operation with a longer plasma containment time than before can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing a first embodiment of a heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view schematically showing a second embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view schematically showing a third embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view schematically showing a fourth embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view schematically showing a fifth embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view schematically showing a sixth embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a seventh embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a heat receiving plate of a conventional fusion device.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the heat receiving plate of the conventional fusion device.

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional fusion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum container 2 Plasma 3 Propagation blanket 4 1st wall 5 Divertor 6 Toroidal coil 7 Poloidal coil 8 Cryostat 9 Heat receiving plate 10 Armor part 11 Heat sink part 12 Adhered layer 13 Bolt 14 Propagation blanket 15 Divertor 16 First wall 17 Heat receiving plate 18 Armer Part 19 Heat sink part 20 Adhered layer 21 First adhered part 22 Second adhered part 23 Second adhered part 24 Adhered layer 25 Titanium powder 26 Copper powder 27 Graphite 28 Graphite fiber 29 Graphite matrix part 30 Titanium / copper mixture Powder 31 First adhesion layer 32 Second adhesion layer 33 Third adhesion layer 34 Fourth adhesion layer 35 First adhesion layer 36 Second adhesion layer 37 Adhesion layer

Claims (10)

[Claims] In a heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device, wherein a heat receiving plate is formed by an armor portion and a heat sink portion, and wherein the heat receiving plate has an adhesion layer between the armor portion and the heat sink portion, the adhesion layer is a first adhesion layer. A heat receiving plate for a nuclear fusion device, wherein the heat receiving plate is divided into a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is made of a titanium-copper alloy, and the second portion is made of titanium foil. . 2. The heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the alloy of titanium and copper as the first adhered portion is 10% by weight of titanium and 90% by weight of copper. 3. The heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the second adhered portion is made of one of a lead foil and a lead-copper alloy. 4. The nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the adhered layer uses titanium powder and copper powder, wherein the particle size of the titanium powder is small and the particle size of the copper powder is relatively coarse. Heat receiving plate. 5. An armor portion comprising a graphite matrix portion of graphite and graphite fiber, and having an adhesion layer made of a titanium / copper alloy between said armor portion and a heat sink portion. The heat receiving plate of the nuclear fusion device according to claim 1. 6. The heat receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion layer is formed by alternately forming an adhesion layer composed of titanium and an adhesion layer composed of copper in multiple layers. Board. 7. The deposition layer is divided into a first deposition portion and a second deposition portion, the first deposition portion is subjected to ion plating with titanium, and the second deposition portion is coated with copper. The heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the heat receiving is performed. 8. The heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion layer is a ceramic adhesive. 9. The heat receiving plate of a nuclear fusion device according to claim 8, wherein the ceramic adhesive is made of alumina oxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and potassium silicate. 10. The armor section is made of a ceramic material or coated with a ceramic material, and an adhesion layer between the armor section and the heat sink is made of a ceramic adhesive. The heat receiving plate of the fusion device according to claim 1, wherein: