JPH1085705A - Industrial waste container with dismantling and crushing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dismantle and crush a large industrial waste, generate the vibration and improve the loading and carrying efficiency of a container. SOLUTION: An industrial waste container 11 is provided with a dismantling and crushing mechanism 13 for crushing an industrial waste. Crushed fine pieces of the waste are loaded efficiently without forming clearances by vibrating a bottom plate 17 of the container 11. A driving source and a commercial power source are supplied by a generator with an engine of a driving source 19 of the dismantling and crushing mechanism 13 on a driving source 16 of a container bottom plate vibration mechanism 17. The generation of noises is prevented by providing an active noise control system.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing bulky garbage by a crushing mechanism and a cutter, and a container with an industrial waste crushing mechanism for improving the loading efficiency by vibrating the bottom of the container. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Industrial waste discharged from factories and unnecessary bulky waste discharged due to sophistication of daily life are increasing year by year. Municipalities are forced to spend a lot of money on these processes. However, there is no good solution and they are often discarded or left untouched by Noyama.

[0003] At present, as a solution, industrial waste transport containers made to be easily transported by truck are commercially available. This container is convenient for transportation and storage. However, there is no mechanism to dispose of waste, and it is only stored in a container, so the loading capacity is low and it is not suitable for the purpose.

At present, oversized garbage is bulky and requires a large amount of space just to store it, and it is not possible to easily find a suitable place.

[0005]

As described above, it is still better to put the container in a commercially available container, and it is a reality that the container is appropriately left in a mountain. This is a problem of pollution that is unacceptable from the viewpoint of safety and health.

[0006] Therefore, it is preferable in the social environment if industrial waste and bulky trash can be finely crushed, efficiently loaded in containers, and immediately landfilled or incinerated.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus according to the present invention has the following arrangement. That is, a first means for crushing industrial waste and bulky garbage, and a second means for crushing bulky garbage crushed by the first means.
Means, a container for accommodating the crushed strips, and vibrating means for increasing the loading efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, an active noise control system is provided to receive as much noise as possible when crushing.

Preferably, a powder absorbing device for absorbing dust generated during crushing and pulverizing is provided.

[0010] Further, it is preferable that a piezoelectric ceramic or a room temperature superconducting magnet is provided as a means for vibrating the bottom of the container, and means for easily generating low frequency vibration and improving the loading efficiency is provided.

[0011] Preferably, in order to further improve the loading efficiency, a swinging device for shaking the container greatly is provided.

[0012] Preferably, the container is provided with an active noise control system for receiving low frequency vibration noise.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014]

First Embodiment Industrial waste has increased with economic development and has become a major social problem. At home, the trend of disposable goods has become common, and the discharge of oversized garbage has increased. Japanese municipalities are taking this situation seriously, but they have not been able to come up with any solution.
At best, they could only be collected by manufacturers or encouraged consumers to refrain from self-control.

[0015] Against the background of such social situations, commercialization of containers for industrial waste has been carried out to improve the treatment and transportation of industrial waste.

However, this industrial waste transport container is
Certainly, the convenience of transportation and transportation has improved, but it is not completely complete. As seen in oversized garbage, it is nothing more than the storage of oversized garbage such as electrical appliances, furniture, and cars discharged from homes, and industrial waste.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a container having a crushing mechanism, regardless of metal, wood, or plastic, for crushing all of the crushed material, in order to efficiently use an industrial waste container excellent in portability and transportability. It has a function to get rid of.

Conventionally, industrial waste containers have mainly been loaded with industrial waste and bulky garbage, stored, transported by truck. When bulky garbage was loaded in a container, it was bulky and had many gaps, and had no storage capacity unexpectedly.

In the present invention, the bulky dust is crushed by the crusher attached to the container and finely crushed by the cutter, so that the storage efficiency is high. In addition, the bottom of the container is vibrated in the vertical and horizontal directions by a vibrator so that crushed small pieces can be stored without gaps.

FIG. 1A is an external view of an industrial waste container according to the present invention. Reference numeral 11 denotes a container body, and a crusher 13 is mounted on the upper part of the container 11. The structure of the crusher will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The waste is first charged into a charging hopper 12 above the crusher 13. The crusher is composed of a roller and an agitator with a cutter. First, the rollers 20 and 21 crush the waste. Next, it is finely ground by a cutter attached to Ajidata.

The shredded and crushed waste is stored in the container 11 by the drop hopper 14. The bottom surface 17 of the container is constituted by a vibration mechanism that vibrates vertically and horizontally. The waste crushed by the vibration mechanism is stacked on the container 11 at high density.

When crushing starts, noise and dust are naturally scattered around. When the crusher operates, the container lid 18 operates to seal the container. However, it is difficult to completely seal, and fine dust is scattered.

In order to prevent the dust from scattering to the outside of the container 11 as much as possible, the dust soared into the container is collected by the dust collector 1.
Collect dust at 5. The structure of the dust collector 15 is shown in FIG.

The diaphragm 17 on the bottom of the container is
Vibrates at a relatively low frequency of about 125HZ. The noise generated by this low frequency vibration and the destruction noise of the waste by the crusher are quite unpleasant. In particular, the land is small as in Japan, and noise pollution can occur around the city.

Therefore, an active noise control system for canceling unpleasant noise can be attached to prevent noise pollution. Active noise control is based on an ASIC (Application / Specifi- cation) based on a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), which has remarkably developed in recent years.
ic ・ Integrated ・ Circuit) 、 Super L
The noise can be easily reduced by the SI.

The motor 16 moves the bottom of the container up and down,
This is a drive motor for vibrating in the left-right direction. This generates vibration using the bimol oscillator shown in FIG. 5, the method using a superconducting electromagnet shown in FIG. 7, or a small engine, and further using a generator with an engine.

The treatment of industrial waste in the center of the city
Since it is expected that pollution will occur and the residents and complaints will be generated, the bimol oscillator and the superconducting electromagnet are future-type driving sources that are battery-operated and do not require a commercial power supply.

Reference numeral 19 in FIG. 1A is a roller drive motor of the crusher. The engine may be driven in consideration of a place where there is no commercial power supply.

FIG. 1B is a plan view of an industrial waste container. The reference numerals are the same as those in FIG. Reference numeral 42 denotes a tube for guiding dust generated when the powder is pulverized to the dust collector 15.

FIG. 2A is a view showing the entire configuration of the crusher 13. Charging hopper 12, crushing rollers 20, 21,
Agitator 31, cutter 32 and 33 are agitator 31
Motor that drives at high speed. The motor is of course good for a small engine.

Numeral 34 denotes a deflector, which has a function of directing the flow of the processing object toward the center. Reference numeral 14 denotes a drop hopper for storing the crushed waste in the container 11.

FIG. 2B is a view of a crusher showing another embodiment. Active noise control system (Active / Noise / Cance) for the purpose of reducing noise pollution
llar).

The active noise control is a technique for generating a canceling sound having the same amplitude and opposite phase, and reducing the sound pressure level by overlapping the noise with the noise.

The configuration is similar to that of the control board 25 shown in FIG.
, Two microphones, an error detection microphone 23, a noise detection 24, and a control speaker 22.

As in the present invention, the noise level of about 480 HZ in which the noise due to the rotation noise of the motor or the engine is dominant is reduced by 11 db on average.

In the actual use environment of industrial waste treatment, noise changes every moment because dust and the state of dust and the temperature of the motor and the engine change. For this reason, the canceling sound is adaptively controlled.

Specifically, the difference between the noise and the canceling sound is
It is picked up by the error detection microphone 23 and feedforward controlled so as to minimize it. So the control board has D
Uses SP (Digital Signal Processor).

This DSP realizes an adaptive digital filter. The control algorithm is Filtered
XL LMS (Least Mean Squar)
e) is adopted. This method has been implemented in automobile and motorcycle exhaust mufflers, and has achieved considerable effects.

FIG. 2C shows a block configuration in which an active noise control system is added to a crusher. The control board 25 includes a motor driver 26, a speaker power amplifier 29, a one-chip microcomputer 27, and a DSP 28.
One-chip microcomputer is A / D converter, D / A converter, preamplifier, prescaler (frequency division, low multiplier), PWM
(Pulse / Wideth / Modulation)
A flash memory, a RAM, and a ROM are incorporated in one chip.

The motor driver 26 is a power IC of the motor 19 that drives the rollers 20 and 21 of the crusher.
The microcomputer 27 converts the speed at a variable frequency according to the load of the waste. If the load is large, reduce the rotation speed and increase the torque. If the load is small, increase the rotation speed to increase the processing speed.

The speed of the agitator 31 automatically changes according to the speed of the crusher rollers 20 and 21. That is, the agitator / cutter blade drive motor 33 is connected to the crusher roller motor 19.
And speed are linked.

Since the noise is adaptive control as described above, the noise level is varied depending on the speed or load torque of the motor or the engine, but the noise level is controlled to be as small as possible.

In the active noise control system, the sources of noise in the present invention are low-frequency noise in the horizontal direction and vertical direction of the bottom surface 17 of the container, driving noise generated by rotational vibration of the motor or the impeller of the engine, and the number of rotations of the motor. And the high frequency noise, and the other one is the exhaust noise due to the flow of air.

Motor noise and vibration noise of 1 KHZ or more
It can be suppressed by passive methods such as vibration damping materials and sound absorbing materials.
The problem is the noise level in the frequency band below 1 KHZ.
Therefore, noise in this range can be solved by adopting the shape of the exhaust duct and the active noise control system.

[0046]

FIG. 3 shows an agitator 31 and a crushing cutter blade 32 of a crusher. 33 is a drive motor. This drive source may be shared with the motor 19 of the crusher roller via a power transmission mechanism (not shown). The common use facilitates speed control according to the load. In addition, an engine may be used in consideration of a place where there is no power supply, or a generator with an engine may be more convenient for supplying power.

The agitator 31 and the cutter blade 32 rotate the waste finely crushed by the crushing rollers 20 and 21 at higher speed to crush the waste into fine dust. Fig. 2 for easy grinding
It is guided toward the cutter blade 32 by the deflector 34 shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a main part of the cyclone 15 for collecting dust soared in the container so as to prevent dust pollution. This is a device that collects dust and powder, and sucks in dust from the air 41 in the cyclone.

At the same time, a downward spiral airflow (centrifugal force) 45 is generated, and the powder 43 is separated by its own weight and airflow into the lower cyclone 46.
Drop into a bottle and collect.

In FIG. 4, 41 is a suction nozzle, 42 is a tube for guiding dust from the container to the cyclone 15,
46 is a filter with a silencer, 44 is suctioned clean air, and 48 is a suction compressor.

In the cyclone 15, dust is sucked, so that it becomes a source of noise. Like a crusher, it is more complete to have an active noise control system in order to reduce noise.

FIG. 5 shows a diaphragm on the bottom of the container 11. In FIG. 1, the vertical and horizontal vibration mechanisms using a motor or an engine as a drive source have been described. Here, an embodiment using a bimorph vibrator generating less noise will be described.

The bimorph vibrator is a plate in which two thin piezoelectric elements 51 each having electrodes on both sides are adhered to each other. When a voltage is applied to this element, one expands and the other contracts. When an AC voltage is applied, the vibrator vibrates at that cycle. FIGS. 5, (a) and (b) show the situation.

When the drive sources are classified, new materials such as a plate-shaped piezoelectric ceramic drive (bimorph) are increasingly used instead of the conventional motor drive and electromagnetic vibration drive.

The bimorph vibrator is plate-shaped as an electro-mechanical transducer, and the bottom surface vibrates slightly in the vertical direction when an AC voltage is applied. Since the frequency characteristic width is wide, the frequency can be changed by applying a variable frequency.

The proportional operation is performed within a range that is faithful to the applied voltage and the frequency. This heat commercial power supply is AC100V,
Use at 200V, 50 / 60HZ is sufficient.

A bimorph vibrator using piezoelectric ceramics as a driving source, as in the present invention, crushes industrial waste into fine dust and obtains the volume effect of the container. It is convenient to stack them.

Also, the vibration has the effect of laminating without gaps,
Since there is also a transport effect, the waste that has been shredded by the crusher 13 is stacked on average without being biased to one side in the container. This effect is more effective for a container with a crusher used for household use in the future, rather than a large container.

As mentioned above, local governments are suffering from oversized garbage discharged at home in addition to the treatment of industrial waste. For example, if the container with a crusher according to the present invention is reduced to the size of an electric washing machine, it is expected that use at home will be spurred.

If the crushed and dusted oversized garbage is put into a collection bag and collected, the garbage is no different from ordinary garbage. It must be the gospel of urban cleanliness.

FIG. 5A shows the bottom of the container 11. Reference numeral 51 denotes a piezoelectric ceramic (bimol 2 vibrator), 52 denotes an amplitude of 51, and 53 denotes a voltage-frequency variable power supply.

FIGS. 5B and 5C are diagrams showing the principle of vibration of the bimorph vibrator. It shows a state where the power supply vibrates up and down periodically by a commercial power supply.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment using a superconducting coil on the bottom surface of the container 11. The container bottom surface 61 is magnetically levitated using an electromagnet made of a normal temperature superconductor to generate vibration.

Reference numeral 62 denotes a superconducting electromagnet, and reference numeral 63 denotes the amplitude of vibration caused by 62. Room temperature superconducting electromagnets are suitable for waste disposal in remote areas because they require little power.

The application of low-frequency vibration to the lamination on the container after the waste pulverization is optimal with the transport effect. However, low-frequency vibrations directly lead to noise pollution. Low frequency noise, as is well known, causes abnormal discomfort to the human body.

The problem can be solved by mounting an active noise control system as shown in the other embodiment of the crusher described above in a container. This control system is a super LSI
It can be used with a small microphone and a small speaker, so it can be applied with little space.

As another application example, the crusher 13 and the cyclone 15 for dust collection do not have to be attached to all containers as a detachable structure.

Second Embodiment FIG. 7 is a view showing a configuration of an industrial waste container with a crushing mechanism according to a second embodiment. FIG. 11 shows an example in which a motor 16 or an engine is used as the vibration drive source of the bottom plate 17 of the container 11. Here, a high-power engine is used as the vibration drive source, and the generator is simultaneously driven. Drive generator 7 with engine
Use 1.

As described above, the generator 71 with an engine performs the treatment of industrial waste in a remote place away from a house. Therefore, since there is often no commercial power supply, if a generator is provided, the power supply for the drive motor 19 of the crusher 13 and the supply of power used for other works, lighting, etc. become two birds per stone, further improving convenience. I do.

In FIG. 8, power is supplied to the motor 19 of the crusher 13 using a generator with an engine as a driving source for the diaphragm of the container. Reference numeral 72 denotes a switchboard. The drive source 19 of the crusher may be a generator with an engine, or all the drive sources may be engines.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the method of vibrating the container. As described above, the diaphragm 17 is provided on the bottom surface of the container 11 to transport and load the waste without any gap when the waste is crushed and stored in the container in order to enhance the loading effect of the industrial waste.

Here, a method has been described in which greater swinging is caused to further increase the loading effect. For example, by swinging the container to the left or right like a swinging basket, it becomes possible to load the small pieces of industrial waste without gaps. In this case, the crusher only crushes relatively large, and the container is shaken greatly even if it is not dust, so that the loading effect is increased.

In FIG. 8, a container mechanism 81 for swinging the container is provided. Container 11 has wheels 83 at the bottom four corners,
The structure is such that it rides on the rails 82 inside the platform 81.

As shown in FIG. 8A, a rail 82 is provided inside a platform 81, and a wheel 83 of the container 11 rides on the rail. The upper side of the container has 84 arms, and the container is supported by wheels at the end faces of the arms on 82 rails.

As the container moves up and down on the rail, the left and right sides of the container alternately swing up and down like a swinging basket. On the bottom of the platform is a generator 71 with an engine, which supplies commercial power.

FIG. 8B shows a state where the container 11 is vibrating on the platform 81. In the figure, the left is lifted and the right is tilted down. The small pieces of industrial waste in the container vibrating alternately left and right and up and down are efficiently loaded without gaps.

In this embodiment, the crusher 13 is placed above the platform 81. Reference numeral 85 denotes a platform trolley, which has a caster structure so that it can be easily moved.

[0078]

As described above, according to the present invention, a crushing mechanism can be attached to a container in order to facilitate the treatment and transportation of industrial waste and large garbage, and large sized large garbage is finely crushed. With the ability to do.

A mechanism for vibrating the bottom surface of the container to increase the container writing efficiency.

An active noise control system is provided to prevent noise pollution caused by crushing.

The container is provided with a swinging mechanism for efficiently loading the crushed industrial waste strips.

In order to supply commercial power, a driving source is provided with a generator with an engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire configuration of an industrial waste container with a crushing mechanism according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an analyzer.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a configuration of an agitator and a cutter blade of the crusher of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a configuration of a cyclone for dust collection.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the configuration and principle of a Bimortz diaphragm on the bottom surface of a container for industrial waste.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration in which a room-temperature superconducting magnet is used for a vibrator as in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration in which a driving source includes a generator with an engine and supplies general commercial power.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration provided with a vibration mechanism for largely shaking the container.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Container 12 Input hopper 13 Crusher 14 Dropping hopper 15 Dust collector 16 Container bottom vibration drive source 17 Container bottom vibration plate 18 Container lid 19 Crusher drive source 20, 21 Crush roller 42 Dust collection tube 22 Noise control speaker 23 Error detection microphone 24 Noise detection microphone 25 Active noise control unit 26 Motor driver 27 One-chip microcomputer 28 DSP (Digital Signal Pro)
29) Speaker amplifier 31 Agitator 32 Cutter 33 Agitator drive source 34 Deflector 41 Suction nozzle 42 Dust tube 43 Powder 44 Clean air 45 Spiral flow 46 Dust filter 47 Dust collection bottle 48 Suction compressor 51 Piezoelectric element 52, 63 Vibration width 61 Container Bottom 62 Superconducting electromagnet 71 Generator with engine 72 Switchboard 81 Platform 82 Rail 83, 85 Wheel 84 Container swing arm

Claims (8)

[Claims] A hopper (12), a crushing roller (20, 2).
1) a means for crushing large-sized garbage, comprising an agitator (31) and a cutter blade (32); a container (11) for storing the crushed large-sized garbage by the crushing means; An industrial waste container characterized in that a vibrating means is provided on the bottom surface of the container for good loading. 2. The crushing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the crusher (13) is provided with a cyclone (15) for collecting dust. 3. The crushing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said crushing machine (13) is provided with an active noise control system for preventing noise. 4. The vibration mechanism on the bottom surface of the container (11)
The industrial waste container according to claim 1, wherein the industrial waste container is a frequency variable speed control motor. 5. The industrial waste container according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating means on the bottom surface of the container uses a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator. 6. The vibrating means of the container bottom surface (11)
The industrial waste container according to claim 1, wherein a room temperature superconducting magnet is used. 7. The container according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the driving sources of the container with the crushing mechanism is a generator with an engine, and is provided with means for supplying power to another driving source. Industrial waste container as described. 8. A rocking device (8) for efficiently loading the crushed industrial waste strips in the container.
The industrial waste container according to claim 1, further comprising (1).