JPH1083137A - Training device for initial fire extinguishment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a training device which enables fire extinguishing training by burning oil, such as kerosene, and does not produce waste materials after the end of the training by using calcined particles of diatomaceous earth which are formed by subjecting combustion bodies to a lipophilic treatment and have communicative pores. SOLUTION: This training device comprises the horizontal type combustion body 1 and vertical type combustion body 2 housed with the calcined particles of the diatomaceous earth which are subjected to the lipophilic treatment and have the communicative pores in incombustible nets, a fixing frame 6 for fixing these combustion bodies 1, 2 and a metallic oil pan 3 have a water depth adjusting drain cock 4 for preventing overheating. The combustion bodies 1, 2 are impregnated with oil for combustion so that the ignition of these bodies is made possible. Since the combustion bodies are subjected to the lipophilic treatment, the materials eventually have the properties to repel water and to absorb the oil. The combustion oil, such as kerosene, is absorbed in these bodies by utilizing such properties. When the combustion bodies are burned, the oil taken into the communicative pores and the water do not come into contact with each other even if water is discharged by a water fire extinguishing device and, therefore, if the water parts from the surfaces of the calcined particles of the diatomaceous earth, the reignition is possible. The generation amt. of the combustible vapor generated from the oil may be suppressed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an initial firefighting training at the time of instructing residents, which is a field of fire management in each municipality,
In the past, training using a water fire extinguisher was not possible in fire extinguishing drills burning oil, but fire extinguishing training was conducted by impregnating the burning body of the initial fire extinguishing training device with burning oil such as kerosene and burning it. In, effective and safe fire extinguishing is possible using a water fire extinguisher. In addition, since there is no waste material or waste oil after the fire drill, the labor required for disposal of these materials is reduced. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to equipment and materials that can provide a safe and efficient guidance effect in an initial fire extinguishing training at the time of instructing residents and a method of utilizing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, equipment for initial firefighting training used by various fire departments and the like uses an oil pan made of iron.
Water is put in the oil pan, oil such as kerosene is floated on the oil pan, and the oil pan is burned directly. In this method, when oil is ignited using an ignition rod, at the time of ignition, an igniter is injured due to rapid combustion of flammable vapor of oil, or a flame caused by oil combustion is blown by the wind direction, and the operator is burned. There was a danger of incurring. In addition, when oil is used as a combustion material, use of a water fire extinguisher cannot be used because there is a risk of rapid expansion of the flame and splashing of the burning high-temperature oil. Was.
Currently, powder fire extinguishers and reinforced liquid fire extinguishers are used to burn this oil and waste materials.However, if these fire extinguishers are used, it is not possible to relight the oil immediately. There are few people who can experience, and efficiency is poor. In addition, in training to extinguish fires by burning oil and waste materials, a large amount of waste oil and waste materials are generated after the training, so not only is the labor required for this disposal large, but also a mixture of fire extinguisher and waste oil remains. The problem was that environmental pollution had to be taken into account as a disposal method.

Conventionally, there has been a training device for igniting oil by impregnating asbestos with oil. However, it is difficult to ignite repeatedly with water and water-based fire extinguishers because asbestos absorbs water. Was. Even if a powder fire extinguisher is used, the fire extinguishing agent adheres to the asbestos, and must be removed and re-ignited, which is inefficient.

[0004] Under such circumstances, in the initial fire extinguishing training, operation training using a water extinguisher for training is mainly performed, and in practice, training only to radiate water is performed. In such a training, the image of actually extinguishing the fire becomes thin, and in operation training, if you do it many times, the training itself turns into a rut, the learning effect of the action of extinguishing the fire worsens, and if you actually encounter a fire However, it is difficult to develop experience and skills for effective initial fire fighting.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, the present invention has advanced the training using a water fire extinguisher, which is mainly used in the initial firefighting training in the current residents' guidance, and has been impossible in the past. It is an object of the present invention to provide a training apparatus capable of performing fire extinguishing training by burning oil such as kerosene and eliminating waste materials after the training.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided an initial training system for extinguishing fire provided by the present invention, which comprises a non-flammable net containing diatomaceous earth fired granules having continuous lipophilic ventilation holes. A combustion body and a vertical combustion body, a fixed frame for fixing the combustion body, and a metal oil pan having a depth control drain cock for preventing overheating, wherein the combustion body is impregnated with combustion oil and ignited. Can be done.

[0007] The combustion body in the present invention is formed by storing a diatomaceous earth fired particle having a continuous lipophilic vent inside a frame formed by a metal pipe and wrapped in a non-combustible net. It is composed of two types, a horizontal combustion body for combustion and a vertical combustion body for three-dimensional combustion. further,
In the upper pipe used as the framework of the vertical combustion body,
An oil supply port was provided to allow oil to be efficiently absorbed by the diatomaceous earth, and an oil leakage hole was provided to allow oil to flow evenly from the pipe.

[0008] The diatomaceous earth fired particles having continuous pores subjected to lipophilic treatment and used for this burner are obtained by extruding diatomaceous earth from a circular hole, and drying the diatomaceous earth, which is naturally bent while drying with a drier, to obtain an appropriate length. It does not matter if the size and length are not fixed. The lipophilic treatment is performed by a known method such as impregnating diatomaceous earth fired particles with silicone oil and drying.

The metal oil pan according to the present invention is made of a material such as stainless steel that does not easily corrode or rust, and is provided with a frame for fixing the combustion body and a groove for setting a nichrome wire for ignition. In order to prevent the oil pan from being deformed due to heat, the oil pan is filled with water, and a water depth adjusting drain cock is provided to keep the water level constant.

[0010] Further, by providing a lid on the oil pan, it becomes possible to collectively store the combustor, the ignition device, and the like, thereby facilitating storage and transportation.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, the reason for using diatomaceous earth fired particles having continuous ventilation holes subjected to a lipophilic treatment in the combustion body is that the material does not attract water, It will have the property of absorbing, and if this property is used to absorb and burn burning oil such as kerosene,
Even if the water is radiated by the water fire extinguisher, the oil taken in the continuous vent does not come into contact with the water. Therefore, if the water leaves the surface of the diatomaceous earth fired particles, it can be easily ignited again. In addition, the diatomaceous earth fired grains having continuous vents take in oil into the grain pores, so that the amount of combustible vapor generated from the oil can be suppressed, so that the combustion state is slow and does not show a rapid combustion mode. For this reason, the combustion of the oil absorbed by the diatomaceous earth fired particles is the flammable vapor of the oil coming out of the continuous vent, and by radiating water to the oil, the particles are covered with water and the flammable vapor The use of the effect that the generation is cut off and the fire extinguishing becomes possible is utilized.

The diatomaceous earth fired particles capable of suppressing the generation of flammable vapors generated from oil have a high risk of being injured because they exhibit a rapid combustion form. Use of expensive gasoline is also possible.

Therefore, since the combustion body of the present invention has such an effect, it is possible to use a water fire extinguisher which could not be used for extinguishing the combustion of oil or the like so far. Not only handling training, but also training based on the actual situation with the act of extinguishing the fire directly is possible.

The reason why the oil pan according to the present invention is provided with a water depth adjusting drain cock for preventing overheating is to prevent the oil pan from being deformed by the influence of heat generated by combustion of the combustion body. That I was able to keep,
If water radiated during fire extinguishing accumulates in the oil pan and the horizontal combustion body becomes submerged, oil adhering to the surface of the burning body net or diatomaceous earth fired particles floats on the surface of the water, causing In order to prevent the combustion from continuing in the water, a drain cock for adjusting the water depth is provided.

The igniter provided in the oil pan uses a method in which an electric current flows through the nichrome wire and ignites by the red heat of the nichrome wire, and a known power source and wiring are used. The reason for using a nichrome wire as the ignition device is to take into consideration the fact that it is not affected by wind or the like at the place of use.

The ignition of the training apparatus for initial fire extinguishing of the present invention
In addition to the igniter using the nichrome wire, the igniter can be ignited by approaching a flame of a conventional lighter or ignition rod.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the following examples and descriptions.

[0018]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows an assembling state of an initial fire extinguishing training apparatus in which one vertical combustion body is disposed on a horizontal combustion body. 500 cc of kerosene was charged from the oil supply port of the vertical combustion body, and impregnated into the diatomaceous earth fired grains. The ignition is performed by an ignition device using a nichrome wire. The ignition occurs 12 to 15 seconds after the energization, and the height of the trainable flame becomes 1.5 m in 20 seconds. However, no explosive combustion or rapid flame spread at the time of ignition was observed, and the flame spread in a gentle state.

When the height of the flame from the combustion body reached 1.5 m, fire extinguishing was started using a training water fire extinguisher. The water fire extinguisher used for fire extinguishing had a water volume of 3.0 l and an emission time of 16
Second, the radiation distance was 6 to 8 m.

As a result of fire extinguishing, the water extinguisher
Complete fire extinguishing was confirmed in about 10 seconds. At this time, rapid expansion of the flame due to the vaporization of water peculiar to the oil fire was not observed, and the condition was similar to the state of the flame at the time of training using wood or the like.

[0021]

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 2 shows an assembling state of an initial fire extinguishing training apparatus in which two vertical combustion bodies are arranged on a horizontal combustion body. 500 cc of kerosene was introduced from the filler port of this vertical combustion body to impregnate the diatomaceous earth fired grains. The ignition is

When the same ignition device as in the first embodiment was used, the height of the flame reached a height of 1.8 m, but the outside of the two vertical combustion bodies became a wall, and even if there was some wind, the combustion bodies The combustion inside each other was largely unaffected by the wind and a stable flame rose vertically.

When the height of the flame reaches a height of 1.8 m

When fire extinguishing was started using the same water fire extinguisher as in Example 1, the fire could not be extinguished by radiation from one direction, and radiation around the oil pan was carried out inside and outside the combustion body. It was possible to completely extinguish the fire.

[0023]

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 3 shows an assembling situation of an initial fire extinguishing training apparatus in which only horizontal combustion bodies are arranged. Fill the oil pan with water, float 500 cc of kerosene on the water surface, open the drain cock, adjust the water depth,
All kerosene on the water surface was absorbed into the horizontal combustion body. The ignition is

Fire was extinguished using a water extinguisher when the flame reached the height at which the initial fire extinguishing training could be performed. As a result, the combustion was instantly extinguished.

[0024]

According to the present invention, it is possible to use a water fire extinguisher which could not be used in a fire extinguishing training for burning oil such as kerosene. Further, compared with the training using the conventional powder fire extinguisher and the strengthening liquid fire extinguisher, the combustibles are not affected by the medicine, so that the repetition training is possible, and the number of fire fighting training experience persons can be increased.

Further, conventionally, training using a water fire extinguisher has mainly been practice training for operation of a fire extinguisher. However, according to the present invention, not only training for operation training but also an experience of extinguishing a fire can be performed. The effect can be dramatically improved.

In this fire extinguishing training using the water fire extinguisher,
Fire extinguishing training is possible without the use of powdered fire extinguishing chemicals, so there is no effect on the surroundings due to chemicals, and there is no waste oil or waste mixed with chemicals after the training. It is easy to withdraw, and the labor required for this can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an assembling state in which two vertical combustion bodies are arranged on one horizontal combustion body in the training apparatus for extinguishing fire of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an assembled state in which one vertical combustion body is arranged on one horizontal combustion body in the training apparatus for initial firefighting of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a situation in which only a horizontal combustion body of the training apparatus for extinguishing fire of the present invention is arranged.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a horizontal combustion body of the training apparatus for extinguishing fire of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the vertical combustion body of the training apparatus for initial fire fighting of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows the structure of an oil pan of the training apparatus for initial fire fighting according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Horizontal combustion body 2 Vertical combustion body 3 Oil pan 4 Drain cock 5 Ignition device 6 Combustion body fixed frame 7 Oil supply port for combustion 8 Fired diatomaceous earth particles subjected to lipophilic treatment 9 Oil pan lid 10 Oil leakage port 11 Nichrome wire 12 Magnet connector 13 Insertable hinge

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal combustion body 1 and a vertical combustion body 2 containing fired diatomaceous earth particles having continuous air holes subjected to lipophilic treatment in a noncombustible net, a fixed frame 6 for fixing the combustion body, and an overheating prevention. An initial fire extinguishing training apparatus, comprising a metal oil pan 3 having a water depth adjusting drain cock 4, wherein the combustion body can be impregnated with combustion oil and ignited. 2. The training apparatus for initial fire extinguishing according to claim 1, wherein one or two vertical combustion bodies 2 can be fixed to the metal oil pan on the horizontal combustion body 1.