JPH1082638A - Gps surveying instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a GPS surveying instrument by which the zenith direction and its peripheral direction can be surveyed by arranging a GPS antenna so as to be deviated from the central point of an electronic surveying instrument and providing a computing device which finds the coordinates of the central point. SOLUTION: The center P2 of a GPS antenna 11 is separated from a telescope optical axis by a distance (l) inside a horizontal plane and by a distance (h) inside a vertical plane from the instrument center P1. As a result, the zenith direction and its peripheral direction can be surveyed. In addition, a coordinate value in the GPS coordinate system in the central point P2 of the GPS antenna 11 is found by a surveying operation using a GPS. A body part 2 reads out an angle of rotation to the horizontal direction and the coordinate value in the center P2 of the GPS antenna 11, it performs a prescribed computing operation, the coordinate value in the instrument center P1 of a rotal station 1 is computed by a computing part 5, and the coordinates in the central position of the total station 1 in the GPS coordinate system can be found. Consequently, a surveying operation by the GPS and a surveying operation by the total station 1 can be used jointly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic surveying instrument having a GPS antenna.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a survey using a GPS (Global Positioning System), in order to measure a position of a survey point at which a signal radio wave used for the GPS cannot be sufficiently received, either a survey using a GPS or a survey using a total station is performed. As a surveying instrument capable of monitoring, a total station in which the center of a GPS antenna is disposed vertically above the center of the surveying instrument has been proposed.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned apparatus, since the GPS antenna is located above the total station, the surveying operation in the zenith direction and the peripheral direction cannot be performed. An object of the present invention is to provide a G that enables a surveying operation in the zenith direction and its peripheral direction.
An electronic surveying instrument with a PS antenna is provided.

[0004]

In an electronic surveying instrument to which a GPS antenna can be attached, the GPS antenna is disposed so as to be shifted from a center point of the electronic surveying instrument, and a center point of the GPS antenna and the electronic surveying instrument are arranged. An arithmetic unit for calculating coordinates of the center point of the electronic surveying instrument from a relative position with respect to the center point of the electronic surveying instrument, the position of the center point of the GPS antenna determined by GPS, and the orientation of the electronic surveying instrument. Equipped.

[0005] Thus, the position of the center point of the electronic surveying instrument can be obtained from the position of the center point of the GPS antenna, so that it is not necessary to position the center of the GPS antenna vertically above the center of the surveying instrument. Further, the GPS antenna may be installed separately from the electronic surveying instrument, and the position of the GPS antenna may be obtained by the electronic surveying instrument.

It is preferable that the apparatus further includes a direction detector for detecting a reference direction or a direction sensor for detecting the direction of the electronic surveying instrument, because a known point is not required.

[0007]

FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 and 2, 1 is a total station, 11 is a GP.
S antenna. For the total station,
Here, only the outline of the structure is described. The main body 2 of the total station 1 is rotatable in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis V provided on the base 3. The base 3 incorporates a first angle detection device (not shown) that detects a rotation angle in a horizontal plane. The main body 2 has support portions 2
A and 2B, and a telescope unit 4 provided therebetween is provided rotatably in a vertical plane about a horizontal axis H provided coaxially with the support units 2A and 2B. The support unit 2A or 2B has a built-in second angle detection device (not shown) for detecting a rotation angle of the telescope unit 4 in a vertical plane. The intersection of the vertical axis V and the horizontal axis H is the instrument center P1 of the total station 1. The telescope unit 4 is a survey target point (measurement point)
And a distance measuring device for measuring a distance to a measurement point. The optical axis T of the telescope passes through the instrument center P1. A reflection means such as a pole or a corner cube is installed at the measurement point as needed. The main body 2 is provided with a direction detector 6 such as a compass for detecting a reference direction of the survey, usually the north direction.

A GPS antenna 11 is mounted on the main body 2 above the telescope 4 via a mounting member 12. The center P2 of the GPS antenna 11
When the telescope is oriented to the north, it is separated from the instrument center P1 by a distance l to the right of the telescope optical axis T in a horizontal plane,
They are separated by a distance h in a vertical plane. How to attach the attachment member 12 and / or the GPS antenna 11
It may be fixed or detachable so that the relative position can be reproduced. GP at the center point P2 of the GPS antenna 11
When the coordinate values in the S coordinate system are measured using GPS (hereinafter, referred to as S
GPS survey).

The main unit 2 reads the rotation angle in the horizontal direction and the coordinate value of the center P2 of the GPS antenna 11, and performs a predetermined calculation to calculate the coordinate value of the instrument center P1 of the total station. It has. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relative positional relationship between a device center P1 of the total station and a center point P2 of the GPS antenna 11; In the surveying, as shown in FIG. 3, it is customary to set the north direction as the positive X-axis direction and the east direction as the Y-axis positive direction. In FIG. 3, the coordinate value of the center point P2 of the GPS antenna 11 in the GPS coordinate system obtained by GPS surveying is (Xg, Yg, Zg), and the angle of the telescope optical axis T measured counterclockwise from north is α. Then, the coordinate values (Xi, Yi, Zi) of the instrument center P1 of the total station 1 in the GPS coordinate system can be obtained by the following correction formula.

Xi = Xg−1 · sinα (1) Yi = Yg−1 · cosα (2) Zi = Zg + h (3) where l and h are predetermined values specific to the total station 1 and are calculated in advance by the arithmetic unit. 5 is stored. Angle α is
The values detected by the first angle detection device when the telescope is turned to the north and when the telescope is turned to an arbitrary direction are read into the arithmetic unit 5 and are obtained from the difference.

Thus, since the coordinates of the center position of the total station 1 in the GPS coordinates can be known,
It is possible to use both GPS surveying and total station surveying. The angle α may be obtained by using an azimuth sensor 7 for detecting a rotation angle from the north direction instead of the direction detector 6, and reading its output into the arithmetic unit 5.

The angle α can also be obtained from the coordinate values (Xr, Yr) of the point Pr whose GPS coordinate values are known and the coordinate values (Xg, Yg) of the GPS antenna. FIG.
Is an explanatory diagram in such a case. In FIG. 4, the azimuth (angle from the north) γ of the point (Xr, Yr) viewed from the point (Xg, Yg), and the direction connecting the instrument center P1 of the total station 1 and the known point Pr with the γ direction Is represented by the following equation.

Γ = arctan ((Yr−Yg) / (Xr−Xg)) β = arcsin (l / √ ((Yr−Yg) 2+ (Xr
−Xg) 2)) Therefore, the angle α is obtained by the following equation. When the α = γ-β GPS antenna 11 is located in an arbitrary direction with respect to the optical axis T of the telescope, in each of the above-mentioned cases, a correction relating to the direction of the GPS antenna with respect to the optical axis T of the telescope is added to the above equations. The center point P of the GPS antenna 11
From the coordinate value of 2, the machine center P1 of the total station 1
Can be obtained.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the second embodiment, FIG. 6 (a) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 6 (b) is a plan view thereof. In this embodiment, the GPS antenna 110
Is at an arbitrary position away from the total station 10,
Connection boss 110B provided on the lower surface of GPS antenna 110
Is installed via an antenna pole 111 connected to the antenna. In the horizontal plane, the center point P21 of the GPS antenna 11 and the center of the connection boss 110B are aligned.
A GPS antenna 11 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the connection boss 110B.
A collimation mark 110A that can be observed from any horizontal direction is provided at a position at a vertical distance h1 from the center P21 of 0,
A reflection sheet 110C that reflects the distance measurement light from the total station 10 is provided therearound.

The total station 10 is the same as the total station 1 of the first embodiment, and includes a direction detector (not shown) for detecting a reference direction for surveying, for example, the north direction, similarly to the total station 1. The rotation angles in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the G
A calculation unit is provided for reading the coordinate value of the center P21 of the PS antenna, performing a predetermined calculation, and calculating the coordinate value of the instrument center P11 of the total station.

The total station 10 and the GPS antenna 110 are connected by a cable 112,
Coordinate values (Xg1, Yg1, Zg) of the center point P21 of the GPS antenna 110 detected by the antenna 110 in the GPS coordinates.
g1) is sent to the total station 10 via the cable 112. The GPS coordinate values (Xi1, Yi1, Zi1) of the instrument center P11 of the total station 10 are obtained by using the apparatus having the above configuration as follows. That is, the collimating mark 110A is collimated by the telescope unit 41 of the total station 10, and the direction angle α1 from the north of the collimating mark 110A from the total station 10 is set.
(Counterclockwise is positive) and vertical angle θ from horizontal
(The upward direction is assumed to be positive) and the distance l1 are obtained. The relative position between the collimation mark 110A and the center P21 of the GPS antenna 11, that is, the vertical plane distance h1 and the horizontal plane distance, that is, the radius r (diameter 2r) of the connection boss 110B,
This is a known value as a design value of the GPS antenna 110.

The angle α1 indicating the direction of the collimation mark 110A in the horizontal plane obtained by the total station 10, the distance 11 and the center point P21 of the GPS antenna 110 sent to the total station 10 via the cable 112 GPS coordinate values (Xg1, Yg1, Z
g1) and the distance r in the horizontal plane between the center of the known collimation mark and the center of the GPS antenna, the following equation is calculated by the calculation unit to obtain the coordinate value (Xi) of the instrument center of the total station 10 in the GPS coordinates. , Yi, Z
i) can be obtained.

Xi1 = Xg1− (l1 + r) · cosθ · cosα1 (4) Yi1 = Yg1 + (l1 + r) · cosθ · sinα1 (5) Zi1 = Zg1 + l1 · sinθ + h1 (6) Thus, the instrument center P11 of the total station 10
(Xi1, Yi1, Zi1) in the GPS coordinates of (1) can be obtained.

[0019]

Since the GPS antenna is located on the side of the surveying instrument, it is possible to carry out surveying work in the zenith direction and its peripheral direction. When the GPS antenna is separated from the surveying instrument, it is possible to further install the GPS antenna at a position where the GPS signal can be better received.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of correction based on a direction detector.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of correction based on a known point.

FIG. 5 is a perspective external view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

6A is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 6; FIG. 6B is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 10 total station (electronic surveying instrument) 2 main unit 2A, 2B support unit 3 base unit 4, 41 telescope unit 5 Calculation section 6 Direction detector 7 Azimuth angle sensor 11, 110 GPS antenna 12 Mounting member 110A Collimation marks P1, P11 ... Center of total station equipment P2, P21 ... Center of GPS antenna

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An electronic surveying instrument to which a GPS antenna can be attached, wherein the GPS antenna is disposed so as to be shifted from an instrument center of the electronic surveying instrument, and a predetermined center of the GPS antenna and the electronic surveying instrument are provided. From the relative position of the instrument of the surveying instrument, the position of the center of the GPS antenna obtained by using GPS, and the orientation of the electronic surveying instrument with respect to the reference direction used for surveying, the instrumental center of the electronic surveying instrument is determined. A GPS surveying instrument comprising a calculation device for calculating a position. 2. A GPS surveying instrument including a GPS antenna and an electronic surveying instrument, wherein the GPS surveying instrument is an instrument of the electronic surveying instrument and a center of the GPS antenna obtained by using the electronic surveying instrument. The relative position with respect to the center, and the GP determined using GPS
A GPS surveying instrument comprising: an arithmetic unit for calculating a position of an instrument center of the electronic surveying instrument from a position of a center of an S antenna and a direction of the GPS antenna with respect to a reference direction used for surveying. 3. The GPS surveying instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a direction detector for detecting the reference direction. 4. The GPS device according to claim 1, further comprising a direction detector that detects a direction of the electronic surveying instrument and outputs the detected direction to the arithmetic unit.
Surveyor.