JPH1080795A - Load-sensitive type solid-liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the optimum contraction and to facilitate the carrying out without controlling the speed, regardless of the condition of an object to be processed or the quantity to be simultaneously processed. SOLUTION: In a load-sensitive type solid-liquid separator in which solids are sent out while being separated from a liquid by the revolution of a ribbon screw 9 arranged vertically, the screw 9 is used of which the pitch and the inner and outer diameters are fixed. On the discharging side of the screw 9, a dehydrating plug 10 is arranged which rotates synchronously with the screw, which contracts the object by reducing the passing cross section, and which sends out the object to the discharging side while separating solids from a liquid; the arrangement of the plug 10 is such that it is separated from the screw blades and that it is freely attachable, detachable and movable against the screw blades. The dehydrating plug 10 is so designed that it is normally pressed with a coil spring 18 in the direction of the ribbon screw 9, and that it is also moved in the direction opposite from the screw 9 so that, when the object is discharged from inside the screw 9, the passing cross-section is at least equalized with the transporting cross-section within the screw 9 by a pneumatic cylinder 19.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for dewatering and solid-liquid separation after crushing garbage discharged from a kitchen or garbage discharged from a cafeteria, a business establishment or the like, or dewatering sludge to solid-liquid separation. The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among crushed garbage from a kitchen, which are then dewatered and solid-liquid separated, a screw-type solid-liquid separator is used to obtain dewatering and squeezing effects. The screw pitch is formed so as to gradually become narrower, and the screw outer diameter is formed so as to become gradually smaller from the intake side to the discharge side. Further, there is also a type in which a screw having an equal pitch or an equal diameter is used from the intake side to the discharge side, and a throttle effect is not provided at the time of screw conveyance, and a throttling effect is obtained by a dewatering plug provided at the screw discharge side end. . In these solid-liquid separation devices, an induction motor is generally used as a drive source at a constant speed or at a variable speed. Among these, when using at a variable speed, the variable timing is set in advance by a timer.

[0003]

In the solid-liquid separator having the above-described structure, if priority is given to the throttling effect, it is necessary to rotate the screw at low speed and high torque. It causes odor generation. At this time, depending on the properties of the workpiece and the amount of simultaneous processing, an overload may act on the motor, and the motor may stop. In this case, once turn off the power and disassemble the device,
It is necessary to take out the processing object clogged inside, which is troublesome and troublesome. On the other hand, in order to discharge the residue inside the screw, it is necessary to rotate the screw at high speed.

Therefore, in order to satisfy both the throttle effect and the carry-out property, it is necessary to provide a motor having a high torque at a low speed and a high-speed region of about twice or more the low speed for transport. , The capacity of the motor becomes very large,
It is not practical especially for home use.

[0005] Further, the torque generated by the motor and the number of revolutions are substantially constant regardless of the simultaneous processing amount, the property of the object to be processed, and the resistance, so that the throttling effect is not constant. Although it is possible to use a variable speed motor and manually change only the number of revolutions, the torque cannot be controlled even in this case. In addition, even when the rotation speed is automatically changed, the timing for changing the speed is set in advance by a timer irrespective of the state of the load, so that an appropriate throttle operation cannot be performed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and uses an easy-to-process and inexpensive equal-pitch, equal-diameter screw and a small-capacity electric motor without controlling the speed. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a load-sensitive solid-liquid separation device that can always obtain a constant squeezing effect and can easily carry out the screw from the inside of the screw regardless of the properties of the object to be processed and the amount of simultaneous processing. .

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a load-sensitive solid-liquid separator according to the present invention is characterized in that a screw pitch and an inner / outer diameter are constant from an intake side to a discharge side of an object to be processed. On the discharge side of the screw or ribbon screw, a dewatering plug that rotates in synchronization with the screw or the screw blade is separated from the screw blade part, and installed so as to be able to move toward and away from the screw blade part, and this dewatering plug is Normally, the elastic member biases the screw or ribbon screw in the direction of the screw or ribbon screw, and only when the workpiece is discharged from the screw or ribbon screw, the moving mechanism moves the screw or ribbon screw in the opposite direction. By doing so, a constant squeezing effect is always obtained irrespective of the properties of the object to be processed and the amount of simultaneous processing, and the ease of carrying out of the screw is also improved.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A load-sensitive solid-liquid separation device according to the present invention is a solid-liquid separation device which separates solids while rotating solids and liquids by rotation of a screw or ribbon screw arranged vertically, horizontally or inclinedly. The screw or ribbon screw has a constant screw pitch and inner and outer diameters from the intake side to the discharge side of the object to be processed, and the discharge side of the screw or ribbon screw rotates in synchronization with the same. The dewatering plug, which compresses the object to be processed by narrowing the cross-sectional area and sends it to the discharge side while separating it into solid and liquid, is separated from the screw blade part, and is installed so as to be able to move freely toward and away from the screw blade part However, this dewatering plug is normally urged in the screw or ribbon screw direction by an elastic member, At the time of discharge of the object to be processed, the moving mechanism is configured to move in a direction opposite to the screw or the ribbon screw so that the passing cross-sectional area becomes at least the same as the conveying cross-sectional area in the screw or the ribbon screw. Depending on the driving source, a torque motor that automatically changes the rotation speed according to the load may be adopted, or the driving source of the screw or ribbon screw and the dewatering plug may be the same, and further, the elastic force may be reduced. A mechanism is provided to open the dewatering plug and move the dewatering plug sufficiently in the direction opposite to the screw or ribbon screw so that the cross-sectional area of the object to be processed is equal to or larger than the transport cross-sectional area in the screw or ribbon screw.

In the load-sensitive solid-liquid separator of the present invention, the dewatering plug moves toward and away from the screw blade and is urged by the elastic member in the direction of the screw or ribbon screw. Irrespective of the properties and the amount of simultaneous processing, a constant aperture effect can always be obtained. In addition, a screw or ribbon screw having a constant screw pitch and inner / outer diameter is used, and at the time of discharge of an object to be processed from inside the screw or ribbon screw, the dehydration plug is moved in a direction opposite to the screw or ribbon screw by the moving mechanism. Also, the carry-out property from inside the screw is improved.

If a torque motor is employed for driving the screw, the dewatering plug moves in the screw or ribbon screw direction when the object to be treated is discharged from the screw or ribbon screw, and the cross-sectional area of the screw or ribbon screw is at least reduced. Since the transfer cross-sectional area is the same as the inside, the torque acting on the motor decreases, the rotation speed of the motor increases, and the carry-out property from inside the screw or ribbon screw is improved. If the screw or ribbon screw and the drive source of the dewatering plug are the same, these can be easily synchronized.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A load-sensitive solid-liquid separator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a load-responsive solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed diagram showing a relationship between a dewatering plug and a filtration unit in FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a filtration section in which a filtration outer cylinder 1b formed of a mesh-like member is arranged concentrically with a filtration inner cylinder 1a formed of a mesh-like member. Is connected to the drain pipe 2, and the lower end of the filter outer cylinder 1 b is fixed to the machine base 3.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a drive wheel rotatably supported by the machine base 3 via a bearing 5, and a pulley 6a
Is externally fitted, and is rotated by transmitting the rotation of, for example, a torque motor 8 which is a driving source to a pulley 6 b connected to the pulley 6 a via a timing belt 7. The upper surface of the drive wheel 4 is provided with a coil-shaped ribbon screw 9 inserted into an annular space 1c formed by the filtration inner cylinder 1a and the filtration outer cylinder 1b.

In the ribbon screw 9, the screw pitch and the inner and outer diameters of the screw are constant from the intake side (the lower side in FIG. 1) of the workpiece to the discharge side (the upper side in FIG. 1). Therefore, during the transfer by the ribbon screw 9, the object to be processed does not act on the compression and squeezing, and the dewatering effect cannot be obtained.

Numeral 10 denotes a dewatering plug which is mounted on the discharge side (upper part in FIG. 1) of the ribbon screw 9 in synchronism with the ribbon screw 9 and separately from its blades. 10 and a flange 12a of the lower casing 12 fixed to the discharge end of the filtration outer cylinder 1b.
Is smaller than the cross-sectional area of conveyance of the ribbon screw 9, and the object to be processed sent by the ribbon screw 9 is squeezed to reduce its volume and dewatered. The object to be treated whose volume has been squeezed and dehydrated is sent to a discharge pipe (not shown) by a blade 10 a provided on the dehydration plug 10.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the dewatering plug 10 is keyed to a spline shaft 11a constituting the ball spline 11 so as to be able to move integrally therewith. A pair of a sleeve 11b is disposed at the tip of the spline shaft 11a (the lower side in FIGS. 1 and 2), and the upper part of the blade of the ribbon screw 9 is integrally attached to the outer periphery of the sleeve 11b. It discloses that the dewatering plug 10 is rotated by the same torque motor 8 in synchronization with the ribbon screw 9, is separated from its blades, and is freely movable toward and away from the blades. In FIG. 2, a semicircular groove provided in the spline shaft 11a and the sleeve 11b and a ball to be inserted into the groove are omitted.

Reference numeral 13 denotes an upper casing attached to the upper end of the lower casing 12 which is installed on the machine base 3 so as to cover the filtering section 1, and a holder 14 is installed in the upper casing 13. Then, a bush 15 is fitted into the holder 14, and a bearing box 17 for rotatably holding the base end side (upper side in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the spline shaft 11 a via a bearing 16 is inserted into the bush 15. The ribbon screw 9 is fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 1 and 2).

[0018] 18 is disposed in the upper casing 13,
The bearing box 17 is an elastic body, for example, a coil spring, which biases the bearing box 17 toward the ribbon screw 9. The bearing box 17 is biased toward the ribbon screw 9 by the coil spring 18, and the biasing force is transmitted via the spline shaft 11 a. Acts on the dewatering plug 10 integrated with it,
0 is constantly biased toward the ribbon screw 9 side.

The urging force of the coil spring 18 balances the force of the object to push the dewatering plug 10 to the side opposite to the ribbon screw 9. Therefore, when the processing object is small or when the unloading resistance is small, the dewatering plug 10
Is pressed against the ribbon screw 9 so that the cross-sectional area of the object to be processed becomes smaller. Conversely, when the object to be processed is large or when the discharge resistance is large, the dewatering plug 10 moves in the direction opposite to the ribbon screw 9 and the cross-sectional area of the object to be processed becomes larger, and the object to be processed becomes An appropriate aperture effect is automatically obtained according to the load.

Reference numeral 19 denotes, for example, a pneumatic cylinder. When the object to be processed is discharged from the annular space 1c of the filtration unit 1, the rod 19a is retracted to raise the bearing box 17 upward in FIG. The dewatering plug 10 is moved upward through 11a against the urging force of the coil spring 18.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a carry-in pipe installed below the lower casing 12, and reference numeral 21 denotes a drain pipe provided in the lower casing 12.

The load-sensitive solid-liquid separation apparatus of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration. For example, garbage discharged from a washing dish (sinker) and crushed is filtered through a carry-in pipe 20 together with tap water. It is led to the annular space 1c of the part 1. Annular space 1
The garbage and tap water in c are moved upward by a torque motor 8 by a ribbon screw 9 rotated through a pulley 6b, a timing belt 7, a pulley 6a, and a driving wheel 4. During the upward movement, the water is drained from the inner filter tube 1a through the drain pipe 2 and drained from the outer filter tube 1b through the drain pipe 21. In addition, although illustration was omitted,
Another drain pipe may be provided at a position above the drain pipe 21 so that if the lower part of the filtration outer cylinder 1b is clogged, the drain pipe may flow out from the drain pipe above the drain pipe 21b.

The garbage sequentially conveyed upward by the ribbon screw 9 is reduced in volume and dewatered by the action of the dewatering plug 10 arranged on the discharge side of the ribbon screw 9, and at this time, the load-sensitive solid-type solidified material of the present invention is used. In the liquid separating apparatus, the volume is automatically reduced and dehydrated by an appropriate squeezing force according to the load of the garbage by the urging force of the coil spring 18, and the garbage is solidified.

After the predetermined time set by the timer has elapsed and the above-mentioned dehydrating operation has been completed, the pneumatic cylinder 19 is operated to remove the dehydrating plug 10 from the coil spring 1.
Pull up to the top sufficiently against the bias of 8. As a result, the cross-sectional area of the garbage solids increases, the torque acting on the torque motor 8 decreases, the rotation speed of the ribbon screw 9 and the dewatering plug 10 automatically increases, and the garbage solids are discharged. I do.

It is also assumed that an overload acts on the torque motor 8 due to the nature of the garbage and the large amount of simultaneous processing, so that the torque motor 8 stops for a certain period of time or operates for a certain period of time at a rotation speed or less. Even when the rotation is detected by the tachometer, the pneumatic cylinder 19 is operated to sufficiently raise the dehydration plug 10 to the upper portion, reduce the load, and shift to the discharge operation.

Although not shown, a scraping plate, a cleaning screw, and the like are disposed between the outer filter tube 1b and the lower casing 12 and in the inner filter tube 1a to separate the above-mentioned garbage into solid and liquid and discharge the garbage. During the discharge, the rotation of the torque motor 8 and the rotation from another drive source are transmitted to the scraping plate, the cleaning screw, and the like, and the inner surface of the filtration inner cylinder 1a and the outer periphery of the filtration outer cylinder 1b are It may be possible to prevent sticky substances or fine particles from sticking.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the filter unit 1 is arranged vertically, but the filter unit 1 may be arranged horizontally or inclined. Further, a normal screw (solid screw) may be used in place of the ribbon screw 9, and the filtration unit 1 does not need to have the inner / outer double tube configuration as shown in FIG. An ordinary screw may be installed in a cylindrical filtration outer cylinder as described in JP-A-5-184963. Further, instead of the coil spring 18 shown in FIG. 1, an elastic rubber, a hydraulic damper or the like may be used. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a motor using a torque motor 8 as a drive source has been disclosed in order to reduce the capacity of the motor. However, if the capacity can be increased slightly, a normal induction motor is used. May be. In this embodiment, the ribbon screw 9 and the dewatering plug 10 are rotated by the same drive source, but may be rotated by another drive source. Further, a solenoid may be used instead of the pneumatic cylinder 19 in the present embodiment.

[0028]

As described above, according to the load-sensitive solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, the properties of the object to be processed can be improved by using a low-priced, uniform-pitch, uniform-diameter screw that is very easy to process and manufacture. Regardless of (resistance) or the amount of simultaneous processing, an appropriate aperture effect (load response) appropriate for the load can be automatically obtained. After the end of the throttle operation, the unloading operation from the inside of the screw, which is inconsistent with the throttle operation, is started, an effective unloading and separating operation is obtained, and the generation of offensive odor can be prevented. Further, the disassembly work by the motor lock is eliminated, and maintenance is free.

Further, when a torque motor is used as a drive source, an appropriate torque and rotation speed according to the load can be obtained without using a motor rotation speed and a torque control device, and a smaller capacity motor can be used. it can. Further, when the screw and the dewatering plug are rotated by one drive source, these can be easily synchronized, and the apparatus can be further simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a load-sensitive solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view showing a relationship between a dewatering plug and a filtration unit in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Torque motor 9 Ribbon screw 10 Dehydration plug 18 Coil spring 19 Pneumatic cylinder

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A solid-liquid separation device which sends out a solid component while solid-liquid separation is performed by rotating a screw or a ribbon screw arranged in a vertical, horizontal or inclined shape, wherein the screw or the ribbon screw is an intake side of an object to be processed. From the to the discharge side, a screw with a constant screw pitch and inner and outer diameters is used, and on the discharge side of this screw or ribbon screw, the workpiece is rotated in synchronization with A dewatering plug that compresses and sends it to the discharge side while separating into solid and liquid is separated from the screw blade part, and is installed so as to be freely movable toward and away from the screw blade part. This dewatering plug is always screwed by an elastic member. Or while being urged in the ribbon screw direction, when discharging the workpiece from within the screw or ribbon screw,
A load-sensitive solid-liquid separation apparatus, wherein the moving cross section is moved in a direction opposite to the screw or the ribbon screw so that a passing cross-sectional area is at least equal to a conveying cross-sectional area in the screw or the ribbon screw. 2. The load-sensitive solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, wherein a torque motor that automatically changes the rotation speed according to the load is used as a drive source. Liquid separation device. 3. The screw or ribbon screw and the drive source of the dewatering plug are the same.
Or the load-sensitive solid-liquid separator according to 2. 4. The load-sensitive solid-liquid separator according to claim 1, wherein the elastic force is released, the dewatering plug is sufficiently moved in a direction opposite to a screw or a ribbon screw, and the passage of the object to be processed is performed. A load-sensitive solid-liquid separation device comprising a mechanism for making the cross-sectional area equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of conveyance in a screw or ribbon screw.