JPH1080631A - High temperature water activation device - Google Patents
High temperature water activation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1080631A JPH1080631A JP23647196A JP23647196A JPH1080631A JP H1080631 A JPH1080631 A JP H1080631A JP 23647196 A JP23647196 A JP 23647196A JP 23647196 A JP23647196 A JP 23647196A JP H1080631 A JPH1080631 A JP H1080631A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature water
- high temperature
- radiation
- water
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、分離精製及び合成
の手段として用いられている超臨界水を含む高温水の反
応促進装置に関する。本発明は、高温水を反応媒体とし
て利用する全ての分野に利用することができる。The present invention relates to an apparatus for accelerating the reaction of high-temperature water containing supercritical water, which is used as a means for separation and purification and synthesis. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in all fields using high-temperature water as a reaction medium.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】水を高温高圧にすることで得られる高温
水は、その高い溶解性から分解抽出の手段として利用さ
れている。また、高温水の拡散係数は、ガスに比べると
小さいものの、液体に比べると非常に大きい為、反応速
度が基質の拡散速度によって律速する化学反応の反応媒
体として用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art High-temperature water obtained by subjecting water to high temperature and high pressure is used as a means for decomposition extraction due to its high solubility. The diffusion coefficient of high-temperature water is smaller than that of gas, but is much larger than that of liquid. Therefore, it is used as a reaction medium for a chemical reaction in which the reaction rate is limited by the diffusion rate of a substrate.
【０００３】従来は、反応速度を向上させる手段とし
て、高温水をさらに高温高圧化する手段がとられてい
た。また、化学的手法としては高温水に過酸化水素等を
加えることで酸化還元反応を促進させる方法が用いられ
ていた。Hitherto, as means for improving the reaction rate, means for further increasing the temperature and pressure of high-temperature water has been employed. Further, as a chemical method, a method has been used in which a redox reaction is promoted by adding hydrogen peroxide or the like to high-temperature water.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上記従来の
高温高圧化による反応促進には、 （Ａ）装置の大型化及び所要エネルギーの増大という問
題があった。 （Ｂ）また、化学薬品の注入は添加量の点から限界があ
り、残留物による目的外の反応が起こることも問題とな
っていた。 本発明は、これらの問題を解決するために、高温水にお
いて、物理的手法により外部から反応を促進することが
できる装置を提供することを目的とする。However, in the above-mentioned conventional reaction promotion by high temperature and high pressure, (A) there is a problem that the apparatus is enlarged and required energy is increased. (B) In addition, the injection of chemicals is limited in terms of the amount added, and there has been a problem that undesired reactions may occur due to residues. In order to solve these problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of externally promoting a reaction in high-temperature water by a physical method.
【０００５】[0005]
（第１の手段）本発明に係る装置は、超臨界水を含む高
温高圧の水を利用した高温水処理装置において、（Ａ）
放射線発生源と、高温水と、処理物質を内臓する高温水
処理容器とを有し、（Ｂ）高温水処理容器中の高温水に
放射線が照射されるように高温水処理容器の外部に放射
線発生源を配置し、（Ｃ）放射線分解反応を利用して高
温水の反応性を高めることを特徴とする。 （第２の手段）本発明に係る高温水活性化装置は、第１
の手段において、放射線発生源として、Ｘ線発生装置を
用いることを特徴とする。 （第３の手段）本発明に係る高温水活性化装置は、第１
の手段において、放射線発生源として、電子加速器を用
い、高温水処理容器にはＸ線変換ターゲットを設けたこ
とを特徴とする。 （第４の手段）本発明に係る高温水活性化装置は、第１
の手段において、放射線発生源として、粒子線発生装置
を用いることを特徴とする。 （第５の手段）本発明に係る高温水活性化装置は、第１
の手段において、放射線発生源として、高温水処理容器
の外板に放射性同位体を内包する線源容器を設置したこ
とを特徴とする。(First Means) An apparatus according to the present invention is a high-temperature water treatment apparatus using high-temperature and high-pressure water including supercritical water, wherein (A)
A radiation source, a high-temperature water, and a high-temperature water treatment container containing a treatment substance; and (B) radiation outside the high-temperature water treatment container so that the high-temperature water in the high-temperature water treatment container is irradiated with radiation. A source is disposed, and (C) the reactivity of high-temperature water is enhanced by utilizing a radiolysis reaction. (Second Means) The high-temperature water activating device according to the present invention comprises:
Means, wherein an X-ray generator is used as a radiation source. (Third Means) The high-temperature water activating device according to the present invention comprises:
Means, an electron accelerator is used as a radiation source, and an X-ray conversion target is provided in the high-temperature water treatment vessel. (Fourth Means) The high-temperature water activating device according to the present invention comprises:
Means, wherein a particle beam generator is used as a radiation source. (Fifth Means) The high-temperature water activating device according to the present invention comprises:
In the means, the radiation source is provided with a radiation source container containing a radioisotope on the outer plate of the high temperature water treatment container.
【０００６】すなわち、本発明はは上記の課題を解決す
るために、 （１）Ｘ線発生装置、電子加速器、粒子線発生装置、あ
るいは放射性同位体からなる放射線発生源を高温水容器
の周辺に配置し、（２）高温水処理容器３の中の高温水
に放射線を入射する。 （３）入射する放射線としては、電子線、Ｘ線、γ線や
中性子線、陽子線等の粒子線がある。 （４）入射する放射線の種類により、高温水中の飛跡及
び単位エネルギー入射量当たりの反応促進効果が異な
る。That is, according to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, (1) an X-ray generator, an electron accelerator, a particle beam generator, or a radiation source composed of a radioisotope is disposed around a high-temperature water container. (2) Radiation is incident on the high-temperature water in the high-temperature water treatment vessel 3. (3) The incident radiation includes particle beams such as electron beams, X-rays, γ-rays, neutron beams, and proton beams. (4) Depending on the type of incident radiation, the track in high-temperature water and the reaction promotion effect per unit energy incident amount differ.
【０００７】従って次のように作用する。 （１）本発明は上記のように構成されているので、放射
線が高温水中に浸透し、放射線分解が誘起される。 （２）放射線分解により、高温水から、水和電子、Ｏ
Ｈ、Ｈ、ＨＯ3 、Ｈ2 、Ｈ2 Ｏ2 、Ｈ3 ０ の反応性に
富んだ活性化学種が生成される。 （３）これらの活性化学種を利用することにより、目的
の分解・合成反応を促進させ、処理にかかる時間の短縮
及び所要エネルギーの軽減ができる。 （４）また、高温水自体から反応促進物質を生成するた
めに、薬剤の添加は不要であり、生成物の汚染がない。 （５）さらに、放射線源は高温水の外部にあるために反
応の細やかな制御ができる。Therefore, the operation is as follows. (1) Since the present invention is configured as described above, radiation penetrates into high-temperature water and radiolysis is induced. (2) By radiolysis, hydrated electrons, O
Reactive active species of H, H, HO 3 , H 2 , H 2 O 2 , and H 30 are produced. (3) By utilizing these active chemical species, the desired decomposition / synthesis reaction is promoted, and the time required for the treatment and the required energy can be reduced. (4) Further, since a reaction accelerating substance is generated from the high-temperature water itself, addition of a chemical is unnecessary, and there is no contamination of the product. (5) Further, since the radiation source is outside the high-temperature water, the reaction can be finely controlled.
【０００８】[0008]
（第１の実施の形態）本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る
高温水活性化装置を図１に示す。図１に示すように、Ｘ
線発生装置１１により生成されたＸ線４は，外部から高
温水処理容器３を透過して、高温水１へと入射される。(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a high-temperature water activating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
The X-rays 4 generated by the ray generator 11 pass through the high-temperature water treatment vessel 3 from the outside and enter the high-temperature water 1.
【０００９】高温水の高温高圧に耐えるため高温水処理
容器は金属製であるが、物質透過力の高いＸ線を用いる
ことにより、容器内の高温水に放射線の作用を伝えるこ
とができる。Although the high-temperature water treatment container is made of metal to withstand high-temperature and high-pressure of high-temperature water, the action of radiation can be transmitted to the high-temperature water in the container by using X-rays having a high substance-penetrating power.
【００１０】その結果、Ｘ線を照射することで、高温水
を利用した処理物質２に対する反応処理が促進され、処
理速度の短縮を図ることができる。Ｘ線発生器のオン、
オフ及び出力の調整により反応速度を調整でき、高温水
を利用する反応生成物の品質を一定に保つことができ
る。 （第２の実施の形態）本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る
高温水活性化装置を図２に示す。[0010] As a result, by irradiating with X-rays, the reaction processing of the processing substance 2 using high-temperature water is promoted, and the processing speed can be reduced. X-ray generator on,
The reaction speed can be adjusted by turning off and adjusting the output, and the quality of the reaction product using high-temperature water can be kept constant. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 2 shows a high-temperature water activating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【００１１】第２の実施の形態では、電子加速器１２に
よって発生した電子線５を高温水処理容器３と一体化し
たタングステンやタンタル等の高原子番号材からなるＸ
線変換夕一ゲット１３に入射する。In the second embodiment, the electron beam 5 generated by the electron accelerator 12 is integrated with the high-temperature water treatment vessel 3 by an X-ray made of a high atomic number material such as tungsten or tantalum.
The light is incident on the line conversion unit 13.
【００１２】電子線はＸ線変換ターゲット中で制動放射
の原理によりＸ線４へと変換され、容器中の高温水１に
照射され、反応が促進される。Ｘ線変換ターゲット中で
変換の際発生する熱は、高温水によって冷却されると共
に高温水自身の高温保持に利用される。The electron beam is converted into X-rays 4 in the X-ray conversion target by the principle of bremsstrahlung and is irradiated on the high-temperature water 1 in the container to promote the reaction. The heat generated during the conversion in the X-ray conversion target is cooled by the high-temperature water and used for maintaining the high-temperature water itself at a high temperature.
【００１３】また、Ｘ線変換ターゲット１３を用いず、
高温水処理装置３自体に電子線５を照射しても、ある程
度のＸ線４を発生することができ、高温水の反応促進が
可能になる。 （第３の実施の形態）本発明の第３の実施の形態に係る
高温水活性化装置を図３に示す。Further, without using the X-ray conversion target 13,
Even if the high-temperature water treatment device 3 itself is irradiated with the electron beam 5, a certain amount of X-rays 4 can be generated, and the reaction of high-temperature water can be promoted. (Third Embodiment) FIG. 3 shows a high-temperature water activating device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【００１４】第３の実施の形態では、粒子発生装置１４
から発生した中性子、陽子等の粒子線６は高温水処理容
器３を通して高温水１へと入射される。電子に比べ質量
の大きな粒子は、入射量当たりの放射線分解による活性
化学種の生成量が多いため、高温水を利用した処理反応
が、より促進される。 （第４の実施の形態）本発明の第４の実施の形態に係る
高温水活性化装置を図４に示す。In the third embodiment, the particle generator 14
A particle beam 6 of neutrons, protons, etc. generated from the neutrons is incident on the high-temperature water 1 through the high-temperature water treatment vessel 3. Particles having a larger mass than electrons have a large amount of active chemical species generated by radiolysis per incident amount, so that a treatment reaction using high-temperature water is further promoted. (Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 4 shows a high-temperature water activating device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【００１５】第４の実施の形態では、高温水処理容器３
の外板に放射性同位体１５を内包する線源容器１６を設
置し、放射性同位体から発生した放射線７を用いて高温
水１による反応を促進する。In the fourth embodiment, the high-temperature water treatment vessel 3
A source container 16 containing a radioisotope 15 is installed on the outer plate of the above, and the reaction by the high-temperature water 1 is promoted by using the radiation 7 generated from the radioisotope.
【００１６】放射性同位体１５としては、中性子を発生
するＣｆ−２５２や、γ線を発生するＣｏー６０等があ
る。線源容器１６は、放射性同位体を高温水に照射する
のに適当な位置に保持し、外部から量を調節することに
より反応を制御する装置であると共に、放射性同位体か
らの放射線を装置外に対して遮蔽する効果を持つ。The radioactive isotope 15 includes Cf-252 for generating neutrons and Co-60 for generating γ rays. The source container 16 is a device that holds a radioisotope at a position suitable for irradiating high-temperature water and controls the reaction by adjusting the amount from the outside, and also emits radiation from the radioisotope outside the device. Has the effect of shielding against
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明は前述のように構成されているの
で、以下に記載するような効果を奏する。 （１）本発明は、元来反応性の高い水である高温水に、
処理容器の外部から放射線を照射することにより、高温
水自身の放射線水分解によって生成される活性化学種
を、処理プロセスの反応促進に利用することができる。 （２）そのために、処理時間の短縮、及び所要エネルギ
ーの軽減を行うことができる。 （３）高温水自体から反応促進物質を生成するために、
薬剤の添加は不要であり、生成物の汚染がない。 （４）放射線源は高温水の外部にあるために、反応の細
やかな制御をすることがができる。Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) The present invention relates to high-temperature water, which is originally highly reactive water,
By irradiating radiation from outside the processing container, active chemical species generated by the radiation water decomposition of the high-temperature water itself can be used for accelerating the reaction of the processing process. (2) Therefore, the processing time and the required energy can be reduced. (3) In order to generate a reaction promoting substance from the high-temperature water itself,
No drug addition is required and there is no product contamination. (4) Since the radiation source is outside the high-temperature water, fine control of the reaction can be performed.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る装置の概要
図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態の係る装置の概要
図。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の第３の実施の形態の係る装置の概要
図。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第４の実施の形態の係る装置の概要
図。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
１…高温水 ２…処理物質 ３…高温水処理容器 ４…Ｘ線 ５…電子線 ６…粒子線 ７…放射線 １１…Ｘ線発生装置 １２…電子加速器 １３…Ｘ線変換ターゲット １４…粒子線発生装置 １５…放射性同位体 １６…線源容器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... High temperature water 2 ... Treatment substance 3 ... High temperature water treatment vessel 4 ... X-ray 5 ... Electron beam 6 ... Particle beam 7 ... Radiation 11 ... X-ray generator 12 ... Electron accelerator 13 ... X-ray conversion target 14 ... Particle beam generation Apparatus 15 Radioisotope 16 Source container
Claims (5)
温水処理装置において、（Ａ）放射線発生源と、高温水
（１）と、処理物質（２）を内臓する高温水処理容器
（３）とを有し、（Ｂ）高温水処理容器中の高温水
（１）に放射線が照射されるように高温水処理容器
（３）の外部に放射線発生源を配置し、（Ｃ）放射線分
解反応を利用して高温水の反応性を高めることを特徴と
する高温水活性化装置。1. A high-temperature water treatment apparatus using high-temperature and high-pressure water including supercritical water, wherein (A) a high-temperature water treatment container containing a radiation source, high-temperature water (1), and a treatment substance (2). (B) disposing a radiation source outside the high-temperature water treatment vessel (3) so that the high-temperature water (1) in the high-temperature water treatment vessel is irradiated with radiation; A high-temperature water activation device characterized by increasing the reactivity of high-temperature water using a radiation decomposition reaction.
１）を用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の高温水活
性化装置。2. An X-ray generator (1) as a radiation source.
The high-temperature water activation device according to claim 1, wherein 1) is used.
を用い、高温水処理容器（３）にはＸ線変換ターゲット
（１３）を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の高温
水活性化装置。3. An electron accelerator as a radiation source.
The high-temperature water activation device according to claim 1, wherein an X-ray conversion target (13) is provided in the high-temperature water treatment vessel (3).
４）を用いることを特徴とする請求項１記載の高温水活
性化装置。4. A particle beam generator (1) as a radiation source.
The high-temperature water activation device according to claim 1, wherein 4) is used.
（３）の外板に放射性同位体（１５）を内包する線源容
器（１６）を設置したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の
高温水活性化装置。5. The high-temperature high-temperature container according to claim 1, wherein a radiation source container (16) containing a radioisotope (15) is provided on an outer plate of the high-temperature water treatment container (3) as a radiation source. Water activation device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23647196A JPH1080631A (en) | 1996-09-06 | 1996-09-06 | High temperature water activation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23647196A JPH1080631A (en) | 1996-09-06 | 1996-09-06 | High temperature water activation device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1080631A true JPH1080631A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
Family
ID=17001238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23647196A Withdrawn JPH1080631A (en) | 1996-09-06 | 1996-09-06 | High temperature water activation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1080631A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103466745A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-25 | 清华大学 | Method for facilitating removal of radiation of sulfanilamide antibiotic in waste water by utilizing ferrous ions |
| JP2016075689A (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2016-05-12 | 竹田 眞司 | Radioactive waste treatment, and removal method of radioactive contamination material |
-
1996
- 1996-09-06 JP JP23647196A patent/JPH1080631A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016075689A (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2016-05-12 | 竹田 眞司 | Radioactive waste treatment, and removal method of radioactive contamination material |
| CN103466745A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-25 | 清华大学 | Method for facilitating removal of radiation of sulfanilamide antibiotic in waste water by utilizing ferrous ions |
| CN103466745B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-08-19 | 清华大学 | A kind of method utilizing ferrous ion to promote sulfa antibiotics removal by radiation in waste water |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20031202 |