JPH1077819A - Cross head type internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal combustion engine to settle the unbalancing state of a cross pin and difficulty when the cross pin is rotated and a piston is re-mounted and prevent the occurrence of a crack through reduction of the weight of a pipe bracket. SOLUTION: A cross head type engine is provided with a lateral wall to support the guide surfaces 5, 6, 7, and 8 of a guide shoe. The cross head is provided with an oil feed part to lubricate the bearing surface of the cross head and the feed of oil is effected through an expansion pipe 13 provided with a fixing part fixed in a state to be stretched in parallel to a piston rod and a moving part connected to an oil introduction pipe in a cross pin 2. The whole of the width of the guide shoe is utilized as the bearing surface of the cross pin and with a purpose to settle the unbalancing state of the cross pin, a guide shoe part is situated in a position at a distance by which the guide shoe part is separated further away from the axis of the piston rod than the outside part of a cylinder liner. An oil inlet connected to the expansion pipe 13 is provided in the part and the oil inlet is connected to the oil introduction pipe of the cross pin through the oil introduction pipe in the guide shoe.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crosshead type internal combustion engine having an engine frame comprising a lateral wall for supporting a guide surface for a guide shoe, wherein the crosshead lubricates a bearing surface of the crosshead. Having a supply part, the other members rely on the oil supply part, and the supply of the oil is performed through a telescopic tube extending parallel to a piston rod of the internal combustion engine, and the telescopic tube is fixed and fixed. The invention relates to a crosshead type internal combustion engine, comprising a part and a movable part connected to an oil line in a crosspin of the crosshead.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a large two-stroke internal combustion engine of the crosshead type, it is necessary to lubricate the bearing surface of the crosshead and to stably supply a considerable amount of oil to the crosshead. In addition, it is important to cool the top of the piston. In one type of internal combustion engine,
This oil supply is provided by a telescopic tube having a movable part connected to the crosshead and a fixed part arranged in the motor frame along the outside of the cylinder liner. This movable part passes through a compression packing located at the bottom of the fixed part.

[0003]

The movable portion of the telescopic tube has a known structure fastened to a bracket bolted on a cross pin. The bracket abuts a surface recess formed on the peripheral surface of the cross pin. This bracket occupies the space between the crosshead guide shoe and the connecting rod eye. This space must be formed with a relatively large diameter to obtain a sufficient bearing surface. The reason for placing the tube bracket on the cross pin is that there is no crosshead portion extending outside the cylinder axis over a distance greater than the outside diameter of the cylinder liner. For this reason, the telescopic tube had to be connected under all circumstances to a tube bracket of such a length that the telescopic tube extended outside the cylinder liner. Under these circumstances, it was advantageous to locate the oil inlet to the cross pin close to the oil consuming means, i.e., the piston cooling section and the large end bearing. However, arranging the telescoping tube on the bracket attached to the cross pin causes an imbalance in the cross pin, which drives the piston to rotate the cross pin, making it difficult to re-attach the piston. Could be. This imbalance condition is considered to be a significant drawback, as it makes maintenance of the piston of the internal combustion engine difficult.

[0004] It is also known to provide an internal combustion engine structure in which a bracket is bolted onto a guide shoe in the area of the shoe just below the cross pin bearing. This construction also results in a considerable length of tube bracket,
Its weight is heavy and, as with the brackets described above, it is susceptible to cracking due to the application of a dynamic load.

It is an object of the present invention to reduce or eliminate disadvantages inherent in known structures. In particular, the present invention
Utilizing the state existing in the structure of the internal combustion engine, the guide surface for the guide shoe of the crosshead functions as a part of the support element in the lateral bearing structure of the engine frame,
Another object of the present invention is to arrange such that the guide surfaces are arranged at positions where the distance between the guide surfaces is relatively long.

[0006]

The guide shoe and the guide surface are designed so that the guide shoe portion is located at a position farther from the axis of the piston rod than the outer portion of the cylinder liner. And the oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet of the cross pin via an oil conduit in the guide shoe, and substantially all of the free length of the cross pin between the guide shoes is a bearing. The above object is achieved by an internal combustion engine according to the invention, characterized in that it is used as a surface.

According to the present invention, the telescopic tube is provided at a position close to the lateral stay structure and is provided on the guide shoe itself. This eliminates the need for a long tube bracket and, as a result, eliminates the risk of cracking the bracket. It is not necessary to remove the telescopic tube during maintenance of the piston, which facilitates access to the movable parts of the guide shoe. However, the most important advantage is that the bearing width at the connecting rod eye is increased, so that the diameter of the cross pin and the size of the connecting rod eye can be reduced,
As a result, the weight of the movable part of the internal combustion engine is reduced. The structure according to the present invention also allows for the design of telescopic tubes having joint tolerances that match the errors and reducing the risk of breakage due to breakage of telescopic tube components.

[0008] In the simplest embodiment of the invention, the oil inlet is provided on the upper side of the guide shoe. In this embodiment, the usual design of a guide shoe is used, which has a peripheral flange around a body shaped like a plate. This flange serves as a support for mounting telescopic tubes and oil conduits that can extend along the body of the guide shoe.

According to a preferred embodiment, the movable part of the telescopic tube is mounted directly on the guide shoe. The flange on the upper side of the guide shoe has a width and length sufficient to provide a surface area (the area where the telescoping tube can be directly bolted). In this embodiment, it becomes possible to arrange the telescoping tube in a position close to the lateral support wall where the telescoping tube does not interfere with normal maintenance of the crosshead and the piston.

For the purpose of optimally positioning the fixed part of the telescopic tube in the cylinder frame of the internal combustion engine, it is advantageous to form an oil inlet in the bracket displaced with respect to the intermediate surface of the guide shoe. Such an embodiment allows the telescopic tube to be located near the support wall or, if desired, the oil inlet to be located below the upper part of the guide shoe. This is advantageous for low-height internal combustion engines when space for compression packing around the movable part of the telescopic tube must be located below the upper part of the scavenging chamber. .

According to a preferred embodiment, the bracket is integrated with the guide shoe, which has the simplest construction and contributes to reducing the mass of the reciprocating parts of the internal combustion engine.

One alternative construction that is particularly useful for installation and repair is to form an oil inlet inside a hole that extends parallel to the piston rod and to move the movable portion of the piston tube through this hole. Is attached. Being able to attach the telescopic tube so as to penetrate the guide shoe means that the movable part of the telescopic tube located at the uppermost position of the guide shoe can be replaced without removing the guide shoe. The structure also allows for slight angular movement and reduces the risk of cracking due to fatigue of the telescopic tube (especially if there is misalignment or play in the guide shoe steering assembly). It is possible to design the connection between the shoe and the telescopic tube.
Furthermore, the distance between the compression packing (which controls the movable telescoping pipe) and the oil inlet is increased, thereby shortening its angular working distance.

[0013] This arrangement of the oil conduit connected to the oil inlet,
According to the invention, it is particularly simple to connect the oil inlet of the guide shoe to the oil conduit of the cross pin and to supply oil to the bearing surface of the guide shoe relative to the guide surface.

According to the present invention, forming the oil inlet on the guide shoe further comprises connecting the cross pin to the crosshead of the crosshead.
It further allows for a single shaft connecting two guide shoes. In this embodiment, the weight of the cross pin and connecting rod eye is further reduced, thereby
The weight of the reciprocating parts is also reduced.

The simplification of the manufacture and installation of the cross pin, according to the invention, allows the cross pin to have the same diameter over its entire length.

In accordance with the present invention, an oil conduit is provided around a plane extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the internal combustion engine to completely balance the cross pin to prevent angular rotation during drive of the piston. As with the arrangement, the cross pins are substantially symmetrical about the outside.

The present invention is a crosshead type internal combustion engine having an engine frame having a lateral wall for supporting a guide surface for a guide shoe, the crosshead having an oil supply portion for lubricating a bearing surface of the crosshead. The other components depend on the oil supply, which is supplied via a pipe having a stationary part with respect to the engine frame and a movable part which is in flow connection with the oil conduit of the crosshead cross pin. The present invention further relates to an internal combustion engine. This internal combustion engine according to the invention is designed such that the guide shoe and the guide surface are such that the part of the guide shoe is at a greater distance from the axis of the piston rod than the outer part of the cylinder liner, said part comprising oil An inlet is formed, the oil inlet is connected to a movable part of the oil supply pipe, and the cross pin is an integral shaft connecting the two guide shoes of the crosshead and substantially the entire free length between the two guide shoes. Is used as a bearing surface at the bottom of the crosshead housing.

By designing the guide shoe and the guide surface such that the outermost portion of the guide shoe extends slightly outside the outer portion of the cylinder liner, the lateral length of the internal combustion engine between the guide surfaces is reduced. In addition, the diameter of the cross pin and the outer diameter of the connecting rod eye can be larger than in known internal combustion engines and / or the connecting rod eye can be made longer in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine.
Both of these conditions contribute to reducing certain bearing loads or increasing the bearing area of the crosshead which can be used either to transmit a greater pressure force from the piston rod to the connecting rod.

In one preferred embodiment, the cross pin is of the same diameter over its entire length, ie, at the end portion supporting the guide shoe. This simplifies the manufacture of the cross pin.

As an example of the dimensions of a two-stroke crosshead type internal combustion engine (an internal combustion engine in which the advantageous design of the inventive crosshead with guide shoes is particularly applicable), the internal combustion engine has a low power output per cylinder. 350 to 5800
It can be explained that it can be in the range of kW. The cylinder bore of these internal combustion engines is in the range of 250 to 1000 mm and the stroke length is 980 to 2 mm.
It can be in the range of 400 mm.

For example, an extremely large output of a cylinder of 4000 kW generates a large ignition force transmitted to a connecting rod via a crosshead. This applies a very high impact force to the bearing surface of the crosshead. For this reason, it is extremely important that, through the present invention, the spare space around the crosshead be utilized as much as possible in order to obtain an efficient bearing area at the bottom of the crosshead bearing.

[0022]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
The present invention will be described in detail.

In the following description, similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings.

In a crosshead type internal combustion engine, an oil flow is supplied to each crosshead for the purpose of lubricating the bearings of the crosshead, the guide shoe and the connecting rod and supplying cooling oil to the top of the piston. In a known type of internal combustion engine, this feed is made through a telescopic tube, the stationary part of the telescopic tube being arranged along the outer surface of the cylinder liner and parallel to the piston rod. A known arrangement is shown in FIG. 1, which shows a crosshead with a guide shoe as viewed from above, with the guide surface shown in cross section. In this figure, the upper part with the overflow part of the connecting rod is shown. The cross pin 2 is pivotally supported by a connecting rod eye, and both ends of the connecting rod eye are connected to guide shoes 3, 4 thereof.
Has been inserted in each of. The guide shoes 3, 4 are vertically movable and are guided between guide surfaces 5, 6, 7, 8 fastened to the supporting transverse wall adjacent to the connecting rod. In this figure, the outer periphery of the cylinder liner is shown by a chain line. This line indicates a limit point at which the telescopic tube can be arranged at a position close to the crosshead. In this known construction, a bracket 11 is bolted onto the face recess of the cross pin 2 and the bracket 11
The telescopic tube 13 is bolted to the elbow by a flange 14. Similarly, the bracket 15 is bolted to the other end of the cross pin, and an oil discharge pipe is mounted on the bracket. The cross pin 2 has an upwardly facing surface 17 on which a piston rod is bolted, which surface is located below the opening 18 of the overflow tube 1 of the connecting rod eye. .

This known structure has a number of disadvantages due to mounting the bracket on the cross pin. Firstly, the bracket occupies the space between the guide shoes 3, 4, which reduces the bearing length of the connecting rod eye. Thus, in order to obtain a sufficient bearing surface, the cross pin must be relatively large in diameter, which increases the weight of the structure. Second, the brackets become unbalanced, so that the stroke movement of the piston causes the cross pin to rotate, which makes it difficult to mount the piston rod once more when positioning the piston in place. Is a point. In addition, the protruding brackets and elbows are subject to dynamic forces, which can cause the elbow to break in particular.

FIG. 2 shows a corresponding view of a connecting rod eye in an internal combustion engine according to the invention. With this new structure, the guide surfaces 5, 5 of the guide shoes 3, 4
6, 7, 8 can function as support elements in the lateral supports 9, 10 of the engine frame. As a result, the distance between them is relatively long, and the width of the guide shoe is likewise wide. 1, the outer surface of the cylinder liner is indicated by a circle. It will be appreciated that the guide shoe is partially located outside this circle. According to the invention, the telescopic tube 13 is provided on a part of the guide shoe arranged outside the illustrated circle. The guide shoe is formed with an oil inlet which supplies oil to a bearing for the cross pin through an oil conduit or along the body of the shoe. Through the cross-holes in the cross pin, the oil is conveyed to the main distribution conduit (typically extending along the axis of the cross pin), which has various bearing surfaces and branches reaching the piston cooling section. The oil distribution conduit in this cross pin follows a conventional pattern, except that the side hole connecting the recess to the bracket is omitted. The supply of oil to this main conduit has conventionally been via conduits which distribute oil only to the guide surfaces, only these conduits having a larger cross section. Similarly, the oil discharge pipe 16 is arranged on the guide shoe on the opposite side, and the pipe that carries the oil returned from the piston cooling unit to the receiving device, for example, the slit receiving device, is directly bolted to the upper surface of the guide shoe. Have been.

Providing a telescopic tube on the guide shoe allows the connecting rod eye 1 to utilize the full width between the guide shoes 3,4. This makes it thinner
Therefore, a sufficient bearing area can be obtained with a lighter cross pin. The cross pin is thin,
Because the width of the connecting rod eye is reduced, a portion "a" of the guide shoe (on which an oil inlet can be formed) is exposed. However, the preferred position of the telescopic tube is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), it is arranged directly on the upper part of the guide shoe. The installation of this telescopic tube takes place within the normal contour of the guide shoe or extends in the direction of the support 10, as shown in the upper flange of the guide shoe, so that the oil inlet is oriented towards the support. It can be arranged along the side of the body 20 of the facing guide shoe (FIG. 3). As a result of positioning the telescopic tube 13 with respect to the support 10, the following further advantages are obtained. That is,
The advantage is that the telescopic tube does not hinder the maintenance of the crosshead and the piston in any way, so that it is not necessary to remove the telescopic tube while the piston is running. Furthermore, in an embodiment according to the present invention, the imbalance of the cross pin 2 is eliminated and the pin can be designed as an integral through shaft having a uniform diameter over its entire length. A bracket is attached to one of the side surfaces of the guide shoe, and the bracket is bolted to the opposite side of the oil inlet (the side to which the telescopic tube is fastened). The indirect fastening of the telescoping tube may make it easier to remove and attach the telescoping tube, for example, while maintaining the compression packing at the bottom of the fixed part of the telescoping tube.

The cross pin 2 designed as an integral through shaft is one important feature of the present invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 results from the fact that the connecting rod eyes occupy the entire width between the guide shoes, which can accommodate the full diameter of the cross pin due to the relatively large distance between the guide surfaces. is there. This structure is applicable when such a condition exists. For this reason, it is useful with respect to the embodiment of the oil supply part other than the telescopic tube, the only essential thing of which is that the supply part is such as a bracket fastened to a cross pin in the area between the connecting rod eye and the guide shoe. It does not consist of The cross pin is
As part of the stroke, part of it must slide through the opening in the side frame of the engine frame,
The crosshead is assembled and disassembled by displacing the crosspin in the axial direction.

FIG. 3 shows a simplified arrangement of the crosshead and telescopic tube according to the invention. In this figure, the center hole (one end of the cross pin 2 is inserted)
Is shown in a perspective view of the guide shoe 4 having This telescopic tube is directly bolted to the upper flange 21 of the guide shoe by the flange 14. The telescopic tube is inserted through a compression packing 22 and into a fixed part 23 of the telescopic tube, the fixed part of which is closed at its bottom by a wall 24 (only part of which is shown) extending in a substantially horizontal direction. It is mounted in a scavenging chamber of an internal combustion engine. In this figure, a part of the piston rod 25 and a part of the connecting rod 26 are also illustrated.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a special embodiment of the guide shoe 4 which allows the telescopic tube 13 to be mounted from the bottom side of the guide shoe. In the embodiment shown, the distance between the compression packing of the fixed part of the telescopic tube and the mounting point in the guide shoe is increased. This telescopic tube is received in a pair of holes 27, 28 formed in the flange of the guide shoe at a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the telescopic tube. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 6, the lower flange has a thickened portion 29,
A hole is formed in the thick part. The hole has a portion 30 equal to the diameter of the telescopic tube and a larger diameter lower portion 31. The telescopic tube is provided with a flange 32. The flange abuts a collar formed at the transition between the major and minor diameters of the hole. A plug 33 is inserted into the hole 31, and a vertical hole, a horizontal hole, and a circumferential groove are formed in the plug. These holes and circumferential grooves, in combination, direct oil flowing through the conduit to an oil conduit 34 (located in the guide shoe), which is
The direction of the oil flow is changed and the oil is conveyed to an oil conduit arranged in the cross pin. By bolting to the plate 35, the plug 33 can be kept in a predetermined position. In the arrangement shown, a structure is obtained which facilitates the installation of the telescopic tube, at the same time aligns the variations of the guide shoe and allows play.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view of a crosshead of a known structure having an oil inlet formed by a telescopic tube.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a crosshead in an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of a crosshead of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view of a guide shoe for a crosshead of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of a guide shoe according to the invention, with a portion shown in an enlarged view.

6 is a partially enlarged view of a thick portion 29 in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Overflow pipe / connection rod eye 2 Cross pin 3, 4 Guide shoe 5, 6, 7, 8 Guide surface 9, 10 Horizontal support 11 Bracket 12 Elbow 13 Telescopic pipe 14 Flange 15 Bracket 16 Oil discharge pipe 17 Surface 18 Overflow pipe Opening 20 Guide shoe body 21 Upper flange 22 Compression packing 23 Fixed part of telescopic tube 24 Wall 25 Piston rod 26 Connection rod 27, 28 Flange hole 29 Thick part 30 Hole part 31 Large diameter part of hole 32 Flange 33 Stopper 34 oil conduit 35 plate

Continuation of front page (71) Applicant 594140904 Center Syd, 161 Stamholmen, DK-2650 HVIDOVR E, Denmark

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A crosshead type internal combustion engine having an engine frame comprising a lateral wall for supporting a guide surface for a guide shoe, wherein the crosshead has an oil supply for lubricating a bearing surface of the crosshead. And other members depend on the oil supply portion, and the oil supply is performed through a telescopic tube extending parallel to a piston rod of the internal combustion engine, and the telescopic tube is fixed to a fixed portion and the cross section. An internal combustion engine, comprising: a movable portion connected to the oil conduit in the cross pin of the head, wherein the two portions of the guide shoe are further away from the axis of the piston rod than the outer portion of the cylinder liner. The guide shoe and the guide surface are designed so that the telescopic tube is provided in the part and connected to an oil inlet, and the oil inlet is A crosshead type internal combustion engine connected to the oil pipe of the cross pin via an oil pipe in a shoe, and substantially all of the free length of the cross pin between the guide shoes is used as a bearing surface. . 2. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said oil inlet is located on said upper portion of said guide shoe. 3. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said movable part of said telescopic tube is mounted directly on said guide shoe. Internal combustion engine. 4. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the oil inlet is arranged in a bracket displaced with respect to the intermediate surface of the guide shoe. Crosshead internal combustion engine. 5. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein said bracket is integral with said guide shoe. 6. The crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said oil inlet is formed inside a hole extending parallel to said piston rod, and said movable portion of said piston pipe is formed in said cross section. A crosshead type internal combustion engine, which is attached so as to penetrate the hole. 7. The crosshead type internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the oil inlet formed in the guide shoe is connected to an oil conduit in the cross pin, A crosshead type internal combustion engine, wherein oil is supplied to a sliding surface of the guide shoe with respect to the guide surface. 8. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein said crosspins have an equal diameter over their entire length, said crosspins being provided by said two of said crossheads. A crosshead type internal combustion engine, which is an integral shaft for connecting a guide shoe. 9. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein said cross pin extends an oil conduit around a plane extending parallel to said longitudinal axis of said internal combustion engine. A crosshead type internal combustion engine, which is substantially symmetrical about the outside as in the case of the arrangement. 10. A crosshead type internal combustion engine having an engine frame comprising a lateral wall for supporting a guide surface for a guide shoe of a crosshead, wherein the crosshead includes an oil supply portion for lubricating a bearing surface of the crosshead. A pipe having a portion stationary with respect to the engine frame and a movable portion connected to an oil conduit in the cross pin of the crosshead. The guide shoe and the guide surface such that the two portions of the guide shoe are at a greater distance from the axis of the piston rod than the outer portion of the cylinder liner. An oil inlet is provided in the two parts, and the oil inlet is connected to the movable part of the oil supply pipe; Is an integral shaft connecting the two guide shoes of the crosshead, and substantially the entire free length between the two guide shoes is used as a bearing surface of a bottom portion of the crosshead housing. Cross-head type internal combustion engine. 11. A crosshead type internal combustion engine according to claim 10, wherein said cross pin has the same diameter over its entire length.