JPH1071485A - Method and device for laser beam machining - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the method and device for laser beam welding improving machining precision of a work by canceling vibration of a laser machining head with synchronously vibrating a work table. SOLUTION: The device is arranged with X, Y axis travel devices 11, 27 to travel a laser beam machining head 25 in the X, Y axial directions. A work table 3 is separated from a main body frame 7 and fixed to a floor face through a cushion material 5, an X axis vibration transmission member 19 to transmit vibration in the X axis direction of a laser beam machining head connects the X axis travel device and work table. The Y axis vibration transmission member 33 to transmit vibration in the Y axis direction of the laser beam machining head connects the Y axis travel device and work table. The vibration of the laser beam machining head 25 in the X, Y axis directions in machining the work on the work table is transmitted to the work table 3 through the X axis vibration transmission member and Y axis vibration transmission member, the work table is vibrated under the same cycle and amplitude as the above by a cushion material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser processing method and an apparatus therefor, and more particularly to a laser processing method and an apparatus for improving the processing accuracy of a work by transmitting vibration of a laser processing head to a work table.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional laser processing apparatus is generally provided with a work table on which a work is placed and a laser processing head for laser processing the work on the work table. It is provided so as to travel relatively in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. For example, a work is fixed on a work table, and the laser processing head is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction,
A laser processing device that travels in the axial direction, a work table that can travel in the X-axis direction, or a work that is clamped by a gripping device such as a clamp device, and the gripping device can travel in the X-axis direction on the work table; There is a laser processing apparatus or the like in which a processing head can travel in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

[0003]

Recently, it has become possible to perform high-speed laser processing by increasing the output of laser oscillators and improving cutting techniques. Since the processing apparatus cannot follow high-speed laser processing, a reduction in processing accuracy has become a problem.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the cut hole is deformed as the laser processing speed is increased. Such a decrease in laser processing accuracy is due to acceleration occurring in the traveling speed of the laser processing head when the laser processing head travels along a curved laser processing shape such as a corner portion or an R portion. Are caused by an increase in laser processing speed.

[0005] The cause of this is that the servo technology in the laser processing apparatus has been improved due to an increase in the speed of the CPU or the like, so that there is no problem in the servo performance, but rather the mechanical rigidity of the laser processing apparatus. .

Incidentally, in order to improve the mechanical rigidity of the laser processing apparatus, there are methods such as increasing the thickness of each member and increasing the number of reinforcing ribs in order to increase the strength of each member of the laser processing apparatus. However, all of these methods are disadvantageous because they lead to an increase in the weight of the laser processing device, and therefore, the servo performance is reduced, and the impact force on other members due to the vibration of the laser processing head is increased. It does not solve the above problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to improve the processing accuracy of a work by transmitting the vibration of a laser processing head to a work table. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus therefor.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser processing method for laser processing a workpiece on a work table, and the laser processing head is mounted on a Y-axis direction. A work table is separated from the main body frame in a laser processing apparatus in which the Y-axis carriage is provided so as to be freely movable in the X-axis direction on the main body frame.
The separated work table has the X-axis
The vibration accompanying the movement in the axial direction is transmitted and the vibration accompanying the movement in the Y-axis direction of the laser processing head is transmitted, and the work table is moved in the X-axis direction of the Y-axis carriage and the vibration in the Y-axis direction of the laser processing head. It is characterized by vibrating at the same period and the same amplitude.

Therefore, when laser processing the work on the work table, the laser processing head or the Y-axis carriage travels and the laser processing head moves in the X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions relative to the work. Moving. The vibrations in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction caused by the movement of the laser processing head are transmitted to the work table at the same cycle and the same amplitude. And the laser shape accuracy of the product is improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser processing head for laser processing a work on a work table, and a Y-axis carriage provided with a Y-axis traveling device for moving the laser processing head in the Y-axis direction. And an X-axis traveling device for causing the Y-axis carriage to travel on the main body frame in the X-axis direction.
A work table separated from the main body frame and fixed to the floor via a cushioning material;
An X-axis vibration transmitting member connecting a worktable and an X-axis traveling device to transmit vibration of the axis carriage in the X-axis direction; and a worktable transmitting the Y-axis vibration of the laser processing head to the worktable. And a Y-axis vibration transmitting member connected to the Y-axis traveling device.

Therefore, when laser processing the work on the work table, the laser processing head or the Y-axis carriage travels by the X-axis traveling device and the Y-axis traveling device, and the laser processing head moves in the X-axis relative to the workpiece. Move in the direction and the Y-axis direction. X caused by movement of laser processing head
The vibrations in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction are transmitted to the work table via the X-axis vibration transmitting member and the Y-axis vibration transmitting member. Since the work table is separated from the main body frame and fixed to the floor via a cushioning material, the vibrations in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction transmitted to the work table are transmitted to the work table at the same cycle and the same amplitude. You. Thus, the movement of the work table and the deviation of the original laser processing locus of the laser processing head become the same, and the laser shape accuracy of the product is improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the laser processing apparatus according to the second aspect, one end of the Y-axis vibration transmitting member is fixed to a Y-axis traveling device, and the other end of the Y-axis vibration transmitting member is connected to the other end. It is characterized by being provided slidably in the X-axis direction along a guide frame that is fixed to the work table by extending in the X-axis direction.

Therefore, even if the Y-axis carriage travels in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis vibration transmitting member moves while sliding along the guide frame of the work table. Is reliably transmitted to the work table.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a laser processing method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, in a laser processing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a work table 3 on which a work is placed is fixed on a floor surface via a plurality of cushioning materials 5. On both sides of the worktable 3 in the Y-axis direction, a main body frame 7 elongated in the X-axis direction is fixed on the floor separately from the worktable 3.

An X-axis guide rail 9 which is long in the X-axis direction is provided on the upper surface of each of the main body frames 7. A gate-shaped gate which can be moved in the X-axis direction on the X-axis guide rail 9 by an X-axis traveling device 11. A Y-axis carriage 13 is provided.

That is, the lower portion of the Y-axis carriage 13 is screwed into an X-axis ball screw 15 which is journaled on the upper surface of the main body frame 7, and the X-axis ball screw 15 is
7 (rotating drive means for X-axis traveling).

The X-axis ball screw 15 has an end opposite to the one end on which the X-axis servomotor 17 is provided by an X-axis vibration transmission bar 19 (X-axis vibration transmission member). It is connected to. Therefore,
Vibration caused by traveling of the Y-axis carriage 13 in the X-axis direction is X
It is transmitted to the work table 3 via the shaft vibration transmission bar 19.

Horizontal frame 2 of gate-shaped Y-axis carriage 13
1 is provided with a Y-axis guide rail 23 which is long in the Y-axis direction, and a laser processing head 25 for laser-processing a work placed on the work table 3 is provided with the Y-axis guide rail 2.
3 and is driven by a Y-axis traveling device 27 so as to be freely movable in the Y-axis direction.

More specifically, the laser processing head 25 is Y
The Y-axis ball screw 2 is screwed into a Y-axis ball screw 29 supported on the lower surface of the horizontal frame 21 of the shaft carriage 13.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a Y-axis servo motor 31 (rotation drive means for Y-axis traveling)
To be rotatable.

The Y-axis ball screw 29 is connected to a Y-axis servomotor 31 at an end opposite to one end by a Y-axis vibration transmission bar 33 (Y-axis vibration transmission member). That is, one end of the Y-axis vibration transmission bar 33 is fixed to the end of the Y-axis ball screw 29, and the other end of the Y-axis vibration transmission bar 33 is extended and fixed to the side wall surface of the work table 3 in the X-axis direction. The guide frame 35 is slidably provided. Note that the guide frame 35 can be fixed to the upper surface of the work table 3 long in the X-axis direction, and is not particularly limited.

Therefore, the vibration generated by the traveling of the laser processing head 25 in the Y-axis direction is
Is transmitted to the work table 3 via the. The laser processing head 25 is movable in the Z-axis direction.

The operation of the laser processing apparatus 1 will be described. The work is set on the work table 3.
The rotation of the X-axis servo motor 17 causes the Y-axis carriage 13 to rotate.
Moves on the X-axis guide rail 9 in the X-axis direction with respect to the workpiece, and the laser processing head 25 is rotated by the Y-axis servo motor 31 to move the Y-axis guide rail 2.
3, the laser processing head 25 itself moves in the Y-axis direction with respect to the work, and the laser processing head 25 itself moves in the Z-axis direction with respect to the work.

With the laser processing, the vibration generated by the traveling of the Y-axis carriage 13 in the X-axis direction is transmitted to the work table 3 via the X-axis ball screw 15 and the X-axis vibration transmission bar 19, and The vibration caused by the movement of the processing head 25 in the Y-axis direction is
9 and transmitted to the work table 3 via the Y-axis vibration transmission bar 33.

Since the lower portion of the work table 3 is fixed to the floor surface via the cushioning material 5, the work table 3 vibrates in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction due to the travel of the laser processing head 25. It will vibrate with the same period and the same amplitude. As a result, the work table 3 also moves synchronously by the amount that the laser processing head 25 deviates from the original laser processing trajectory.
Even if the laser processing speed is high, the laser processing accuracy is improved, and the product is processed into a desired laser processing shape.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be embodied in other modes by making appropriate changes. In the example of the present embodiment, a work is fixed on a work table as a laser processing apparatus, and the laser processing head is moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
Although the laser processing device traveling in the axial direction has been described as an example, even if the work table is fixed, the workpiece can travel on the work table in the X-axis direction using a work clamp device or the like, and the laser processing head can be moved in the Y-axis direction. A laser processing device traveling in the Z-axis direction or another laser processing device may be used.

[0027]

As can be understood from the above embodiment, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when laser processing a work on a work table, a laser processing head or Y
The axis carriage travels, and the laser processing head moves in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction relatively to the workpiece. At this time, the vibrations in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction caused by the movement of the laser processing head are transmitted to the work table at the same cycle and the same amplitude, so that the movement of the work table and the original laser processing by the laser processing head are performed. The deviation from the trajectory is the same, and the laser shape accuracy of the product can be improved.

Further, even if the mechanical rigidity of the laser processing device is reduced, the laser processing accuracy of the product can be reliably improved.
Reducing the weight of the laser processing device also contributes to cost reduction and contributes to speeding up of laser processing.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when laser processing the work on the work table, the laser processing head or the Y-axis carriage travels by the X-axis traveling device and the Y-axis traveling device, and the laser processing head is attached to the workpiece. On the other hand, it relatively moves in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The work table and the X-axis traveling device are connected by an X-axis vibration transmitting member, and the work table and the Y-axis
Since the axis traveling device is connected by the Y axis vibration transmission member,
Vibrations in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction generated with the movement of the laser processing head can be transmitted to the work table via the X-axis vibration transmission member and the Y-axis vibration transmission member. Further, since the work table is fixed to the floor surface via a cushioning material separately from the main body frame, the vibrations in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction transmitted to the work table are applied to the work table at the same cycle and the same amplitude. Can communicate. The movement of the work table and the shift of the original laser processing locus in the laser processing head are the same, and the laser shape accuracy of the product can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, even if the Y-axis carriage travels in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis vibration transmitting member moves while sliding along the guide frame of the work table. Vibration in the Y-axis direction due to traveling can be reliably transmitted to the work table.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view of a laser processing apparatus.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a processing shape with respect to a laser processing speed when laser processing is performed by a conventional laser processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 laser processing device 3 work table 5 cushioning material 7 main body frame 11 X-axis traveling device 13 Y-axis carriage 17 X-axis servo motor 19 X-axis vibration transmission bar 23 Y-axis guide rail 25 laser processing head 27 Y-axis traveling device 33 Y-axis Vibration transmission bar 35 Guide frame

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A laser processing head for laser processing a work on a work table, a Y-axis carriage provided with the laser processing head to be freely movable in the Y-axis direction, and the Y-axis carriage mounted on a main body frame in the X-axis direction. A work table separated from the main body frame, transmitting vibration accompanying the movement of the Y-axis carriage in the X-axis direction to the separated work table; A laser processing method, comprising transmitting vibration accompanying movement in the Y-axis direction, and causing the work table to vibrate in the same cycle and the same amplitude as the vibration in the X-axis direction of the Y-axis carriage and the Y-axis direction of the laser processing head. . 2. A laser processing head for laser processing a work on a work table, a Y-axis carriage provided with a Y-axis traveling device for moving the laser processing head in the Y-axis direction, and the Y-axis carriage mounted on a main body frame. A work table separated from the main body frame and fixed to a floor surface via a cushioning material, the work table being separated from the main body frame by a Y-axis carriage. An X-axis vibration transmitting member connecting a work table and an X-axis traveling device so as to transmit the vibration in the X-axis direction; and a work table and a Y-axis transmitting the vibration in the Y-axis direction of the laser processing head to the work table. And a Y-axis vibration transmission member connected to the axis traveling device. 3. The X-axis vibration transmitting member is fixed at one end to a Y-axis traveling device, and the other end of the Y-axis vibration transmitting member is extended along a guide frame fixed to a work table by extending in the X-axis direction. 3. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the laser processing apparatus is provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction.