JPH1059755A - Method for filling material with fly ash and filler selected thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method that rapidly and simply enables effective use of fly ash by controlling selection of fly ash as a filler of a material and the mixing ratio of fly ash with the color itself of fly ash and also to provide a filler selected by this method. SOLUTION: In this method, at the time of using fly ash as a filler of a material, the color of fly ash is measured by JIS(Japanese Industrial Standard) Z 8722 'Methods of color measurement - Reflecting or transmitting objects' and the selection and the filling amount of fly ash are set by using the color specification values defined by JIS Z 8721 'Color specification - Specification according to three attributes' (Munsell revised notation system).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a filler for filling fly ash into mortar, concrete, grout, plastics, paint and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Fly ash, a so-called fly ash, produced in large quantities as a by-product from a pulverized coal-fired boiler of a thermal power plant, contains a large amount of smooth and high-quality glass balloon and depends on the bearing effect when it is made into a slurry. Due to its excellent fluidity, some are used as fly ash cement, grout material, joint repair materials, or plastics / rubber filler / paint fillers, but most are disposed of in landfills. Is

[0003] Factors hindering the effective use of fly ash include variations in the quality of fly ash depending on the type of coal used and the boiler combustion conditions. In particular, the unburned carbon content in fly ash is determined by water or various admixtures. , Paint paste, etc., and the expected fluidity and, consequently, the filling effect may not be obtained. In addition, the change in the color of fly ash mainly due to the amount of unburned carbon has a large effect on the color of the resulting product, and the actual use of fly ash is insignificant except for use as cement. It is.

[0004] The quality of fly ash of such fly ash is evaluated by measuring its chemical analysis value, unburned carbon amount, pH, spherical particle content, fineness, etc., and as a filler. Suitability can be evaluated to some extent. Although these chemical and instrumental analyzes are excellent methods for accuracy and quality assurance, some of the measured values are not necessarily useful in using fly ash as a filler, for example, in terms of strength and durability. In many cases, the index cannot be used as an important index, or the measurement operation is troublesome and the burden on the tester is large.

The amount of unburned carbon has a strong correlation with the color (blackness) of fly ash, and it has been proposed to measure the color based on the reflectance of ash to measure the amount of unburned carbon. (Kawasaki Heavy Industries Technical Report No. 109, 1991 "Development of automatic analysis system for unburned ash in ash")
It can be easily measured on-line compared to the unburned matter measurement method mainly based on ignition loss, etc., and has been developed to achieve both low NOx combustion and high efficiency operation at the site of a coal-fired boiler. Therefore, even if fly ash in which the amount of unburned carbon is controlled to a certain extent is produced, the correlation between the amount of unburned carbon itself and various mortar / concrete characteristics is not necessarily high, and coal ash is used. In many cases, it is not helpful to the person who performs the research (Chichibu Onoda Research Report No. 129, 1995 "Characteristics of coal ash").

[0006]

As described above, fly ash has a problem of variation in quality, and variation in color may give a sense of distrust in product performance. And it is difficult to grasp from the analysis values.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages, controls the selection and mixing degree of fly ash as a filler by the color of the fly ash itself, and enables the effective use of fly ash quickly and easily. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a filler for filling fly ash.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the method for filling fly ash of the present invention,
When using fly ash as a filler, measure fly ash according to JIS Z8722 “Color measurement method-Reflection and transmission object color” and JIS Z 8721 “Color display method-
Selecting fly ash and / or setting the filling amount using display values of colors determined by "display with three attributes" (modified Munsell color system), "corrected Munsell color system" Selecting fly ash and / or setting the filling amount according to the hue (H) of (Claim 2),
Selecting fly ash having a spherical particle content of 60% by volume or more based on a calibration curve for estimating the spherical particle content prepared in advance based on the hue (H) of the "modified Munsell color system" (claim 3); The hue after the filler is mixed is estimated based on the hue (H) of the “modified Munsell color system”, and the filling amount of fly ash is set (Claim 4). ), The content of CaO + MgO is estimated, and fly ash is selected (claim 5).

According to the filler of the present invention, fly ash is measured according to JIS Z 8722 "Color measurement method-reflection and transmission object color" and JIS Z 8721 "Color display method-display by three attributes". (Claim 6). Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The fly ash used in the present invention is generally a coal ash in a broad sense including fly ash specified by JIS, fly ash usually called raw powder, and cinder ash. Can be used as long as it passes through a 5 mm sieve and has a 0.3 mm sieve passing rate of about 85% or more by mass, or may be obtained by adjusting the particle size of these fly ash by classification or the like. .

When the fly ash is used as various fillers such as mortar / concrete, grout / joint repair material, plastics, paint, etc., the flowability expected as the filler and the filling effect are as follows. Although the particle content has a large effect, the pH value of fly ash is also a factor that greatly affects the properties of various slurries and cured products, and is essential for the characterization of fly ash. As a result of the present inventors' evaluation of more than 300 samples of fly ash generated in various parts of the world, the spherical ash content of the fly ash or the spherical grain content or It is possible to obtain information that can infer the pH, and it is not only appropriate for selecting fly ash as a filler and setting the mixing degree (filling amount),
It is found that it is also effective for quality control and will not apply it.

"Modified Munsell color system" is JIS Z 8721
As shown in “Color Display Method—Display by Three Attributes”, three attributes of a color including hue (H), lightness (V), and saturation (C) are displayed according to a predetermined method. H,
By continuously writing V and C at the same time, even if the person is not a special person, a color image can be formed, and the degree of the color difference can be easily determined. In the present invention, the color is displayed according to this "modified Munsell color system". Specifically, fly ash is measured according to JIS Z 8722 "Color measurement method-reflection and transmission object color", and JIS Z 8721 " Color Display Method-Display by Three Attributes "is applied. For example, a fly ash is filled on a flat plate to a thickness of about 5 mm × width 20 × length 20 mm or more, and the surface smoothness is set to within ± 0.5 mm, and the color is measured by JISZ 8722 using a spectrophotometer. Expresses the color tone by the modified Munsell color system based on JIS Z 8721.

When the fly ash is displayed by the "modified Munsell color system" in this way, when the fly ash is used as a filler, the fly ash is sorted and / or the filling amount is set. In particular, the hue (H) of the “modified Munsell color system” has a correlation with the spherical particle content of fly ash, and the spherical particle content changes as the hue (H) changes from P to R, Y, and G. Tend to be higher. Therefore, by preparing a calibration curve in advance for the relationship between the hue (H) and the actually measured spherical particle content for each power plant and each type of coal used, the spherical particle content can be calculated from the hue (H) of fly ash. Rate can be estimated. The spherical particle content has a large effect on the fluidity of the filler-added slurry, and particles other than the spherical particles are
It is no exaggeration to say that it corresponds to the amount of unburned carbon, which has an adverse effect on the required water ratio and the amount of the chemical additive (mixing) agent. According to the present invention, fly ash having a spherical particle content of 60% by volume or more is selected as a filler from the hue (H) of fly ash according to the calibration curve. 60% spherical particle content
If the ratio is less than the above range, the fluidity of the filler-added slurry deteriorates, which is not preferable. The spherical particle content is measured by actually measuring the spherical particles by observation with an electron microscope.

The hue of a product to which fly ash is added as a filler varies depending on the amount of fly ash added. The hue of the product can be estimated from the hue (H) of the fly ash. As described above, the color of the product may give a distrust of the performance, but the hue (H) of the “modified Munsell color system” is adopted in a category that is close to the sensation of the human eye. By using the hue (H), the hue after the filler is mixed can be estimated from the hue previously measured, and the filling amount of fly ash can be set from the desired product color. In this case, it is possible to easily cope with the filling amount of fly ash by previously confirming the color change in the humidified state of the product due to rainwater or the like.

Next, the saturation (C) of the “modified Munsell color system” has a correlation with the content of CaO + MgO in fly ash, and as the saturation (C) increases, CaO +
MgO content tends to be high. Therefore, from the chroma (C) of fly ash, the chroma (C) and CaO + M actually measured are preferably measured in the same manner as in the case of the spherical particle content.
By preparing a calibration curve of gO content in advance, C
It is possible to estimate aO + MgO and select fly ash as a filler. For example, when fly ash is used as a filler in mortar concrete, the content of CaO + MgO greatly affects the neutralization of mortar concrete or the amount of water reducing agent used.
If the saturation (C) of the fly ash is 0.3 or more, it can be used as a filler. Saturation (C)
Is less than 0.3, the use of fly ash as a filler requires attention, and it may be confirmed separately by chemical analysis or the like.

The content of CaO + MgO can be managed by pH measurement of an aqueous fly ash solution.
The present invention is significant when utilized together with the spherical particle content and the product hue in the "modified Munsell color system", and the "modified Munsell color system" is extremely easy to automate by utilizing a personal computer. It is.

As described above, according to the present invention, fly ash is selected as a filler and / or the filling amount is set using a display value of a color determined by the "modified Munsell color system". It can be suitably used as various fillers such as mortar, concrete, etc. described above, and constructs structures such as houses, roads, rivers, harbors, etc., adds various functions of fly ash to these finishes, or Can be used for decoration. In addition, as a management method based on the display value of the color, Hunter-whiteness of an optical system is used in white Portland cement and the like, but it has a clear color, and is applied to a fly ash of a black system. That is, the difference in the degree of blackness is important for mortar, concrete, rubber, paint and the like filled with fly ash, and it is unclear and not preferable to display with whiteness. Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples.

[0018]

【Example】

Example 1 Table 1 shows the modified Munsell color system, Hunter-whiteness, spherical particle content, ig. loss (loss on ignition), unit water ratio, 25
% Slurry liquid pH, average particle size, and chemical components (CaO
+ MgO). The upper and lower limits measured for 20 types of ordinary Portland cement, 12 types of blast furnace slag powder, and 12 types of limestone powder are shown together as reference materials (% is expressed by weight% excluding the volume% of spherical particle content). .
The modified Munsell color system was measured by a color difference measurement using JIS Z 8722 (using CR200 manufactured by Minolta) and displayed by JIS Z 8721. The Hunter whiteness was measured by JIS Z 8715, and the spherical particle content was measured by observation with an electron microscope.
Further, the ignition loss value and the unit water amount ratio are based on JIS A 6201-1
Based on 991. As shown in Table 1, while the blast furnace slag fine powder and the limestone powder have only a specific range of colors, fly ash has a wide range of colors. Especially, Y- which cement slag has
It is characterized by having colors of a PR region (purple to red system) different from the GY region.

[0019]

[Table 1]

Next, fly ash K, H shown in Table 1
The results of the hue (H) and Hunter-whiteness measurement of the modified Munsell color system obtained by measuring the color of the mixed powder of fly ash and ordinary cement in which various ratios were replaced with ordinary cement in the same manner as in the previous example Are shown in Table 2. In the modified Munsell color system, it is well understood that the color tone that cement does not have is obtained by mixing with fly ash, and the hue of the obtained product can be estimated. The degree was unclear and difficult to understand.

[0021]

[Table 2]

Further, the fly ash K and H were humidified at various ratios, and the hue (H) and Hunter-whiteness of the modified Munsell color system were measured in the same manner. Table 3 shows the results. Even in the case of humidification, it is easy to grasp the color in the modified Munsell color system, and it is possible to estimate the hue of an actual building or the like in a humidified state by rainwater.

[0023]

[Table 3]

Similarly, after adding fly ash K and H at various ratios to the white water-based acrylic resin emulsion and mixing well, the hue (H) and Hunter-whiteness of the modified Munsell color system were measured. Table 4 shows the results. Also in this case, it is confirmed that the one based on the Munsell color system is excellent.

[0025]

[Table 4]

(Example 2) With regard to fly ash produced at power plants in various places using different types of coal, the spherical particle content of the fly ash and the hue of the modified Munsell color system fluctuated depending on combustion conditions and the like. (H) was measured. As shown in FIG. 1, the hue (H) of the "modified Munsell color system" and the spherical particle content showed a linear relationship in the same power plant and the same coal type. Therefore, from this relationship, a calibration curve is prepared for each power plant and each type of coal used, and by selecting fly ash having a spherical particle content of 60% by volume or more from the hue (H) of fly ash, a suitable filler is obtained. was gotten.

With respect to the fly ash shown in Table 1, the relationship between the saturation (C) of the "modified Munsell color system" and the content of CaO + MgO was determined. As shown in FIG. 2, in the relationship between the saturation (C) and the CaO + MgO content, the difference between the power plants and the types of coal was small and showed a substantially linear relationship. As shown in FIG. 2 and the 25% slurry pH value shown in Table 1, when the saturation (C) is less than 0.3, the CaO + MgO content is low, and the pH value of the slurry is not more than 9, which is not preferable. .

[0028]

According to the present invention, the characteristics of fly ash as a filler, particularly the color itself of fly ash, can be measured quickly and optically by optical measurement without performing a costly and time-consuming analysis. It enables easy and effective selection and setting of the filling amount of fly ash. Especially, the seams and repaired parts of the construction, and the landscape of "open concrete" or dams, embankments, piers, etc., which are attracting attention from the architectural point of view Can be suitably applied to a building where is required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a hue (H) and a spherical particle content of a “modified Munsell color system” for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the saturation (C) of the “modified Munsell color system” and the content of CaO + MgO for explaining another embodiment of the present invention.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Atsushi Shiraishi 2-4-2 Daisaku, Sakura City, Chiba Prefecture Chichibu Oda Noda Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Hiroshi Takasago 2-15 Nishiki, Naka-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture −22 Nagoya Branch, Chichibu Onoda Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] When using fly ash as a filler, fly ash is measured according to JIS Z 8722 "Color measurement method-reflection and transmission object color".
The method is characterized in that fly ash is sorted and / or the filling amount is set by using a display value of a color determined by "color display method-display by three attributes" (hereinafter, referred to as "modified Munsell color system"). Method of filling fly ash. 2. The method for filling fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash is sorted and / or the filling amount is set based on the hue (H) of the “modified Munsell color system”. 3. A method for selecting fly ash having a spherical particle content of 60% by volume or more based on a calibration curve for estimating the spherical particle content prepared in advance based on the hue (H) of the “modified Munsell color system”. The method for filling fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4. The filling of fly ash according to claim 2, wherein the hue after the filler is mixed is estimated based on the hue (H) of the “modified Munsell color system” and the filling amount of fly ash is set. Method. 5. The method for filling fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the content of CaO + MgO is estimated based on the saturation (C) of the “modified Munsell color system” and fly ash is selected. 6. The fly ash is measured in accordance with JIS Z 8722 “Method for measuring color—reflection and transmission object color”,
A filler characterized by being selected by using a display value of a color determined by "color display method-display by three attributes".