JPH1057898A - Unhulled rice-hulled rice discrimination sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease the percentage of erroneous detection between unhulled rice and hulled rice and to improve detective precision. SOLUTION: Electromagnetic waves including a water absorption wavelength band is emitted from a light emission part 30a to grains on a swing selection board 15 over a prescribed area, the quantity of reflected light of the water absorption wavelength band from the grains is received by a detection element 30c through a band pass filter 30b to be converted into a voltage value corresponding to the quantity of received light, the value is compared with a prescribed standard value, and unhulled rice is discriminated from hulled rice. A measured area to the grains from the light emission part 30a is made, for example, to about 45mm<2> , which decreases the percentage of erroneous detection between the embryo part of hulled rice and unhulled rice, or narrower measured area.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor that discriminates between paddy and brown rice by irradiating a grain with electromagnetic waves including a water absorption wavelength band.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A light emitting portion for irradiating electromagnetic waves including a water absorption wavelength band to a selected grain on an oscillating sorting plate over a predetermined area, and reflected light or transmitted light in the water absorption wavelength band irradiated from the light emitting portion. There is a sensor that discriminates between rice and brown rice using a rice / brown rice discrimination sensor having a detection element that receives light through a bandpass filter for a moisture absorption wavelength band.

[0003]

When detecting a single grain of rice and brown rice from the difference in the amount of reflected light or the amount of transmitted light in the wavelength band of water absorption of electromagnetic waves, the measurement area must be reduced in order to prevent omission of detection of the rice. It needs to be widened to some extent. However, if the width is too large, the area of the germ portion of brown rice increases and the detected voltage value increases, making it difficult to distinguish between rice and brown rice.

Accordingly, the present invention seeks to improve the detection accuracy by optimizing the measurement area of the sensor and reducing the rate of erroneously detecting the germ portion of brown rice as rice.

[0005]

The present invention employs the following technical means in order to solve the problems of the prior art. That is, the present invention provides a light emitting unit 30a for irradiating the selected grains on the swing sorting plate 15 with an electromagnetic wave including a water absorption wavelength band over a predetermined area, and a reflection of the water absorption wavelength band irradiated from the light emitting unit 30a. A rice / brown rice discrimination sensor having a detection element 30c for receiving light or transmitted light via a band-pass filter 30b for a water absorption wavelength band, wherein the measurement area for irradiating the grain from the light emitting section 30a is brown rice. The germ portion of the present invention has an area that is less likely to be erroneously detected as rice, and has a configuration of a rice / brown rice discrimination sensor.

[0006]

The illuminating unit 30a irradiates an electromagnetic wave including a water absorption wavelength band over a predetermined area to the grains of the swing sorting plate 15 during the swing sorting. Then, the moisture absorption wavelength band of the reflected light or transmitted light from the grain is received by the detection element 30c via the moisture absorption wavelength band band-pass filter 30b, and is converted into a voltage value according to the received light amount. It is compared with a predetermined reference value to determine the type of paddy or brown rice.

[0007] For example, as the measurement area of about 45 square millimeters becomes a boundary, the rate of misdetection of the germ portion of brown rice as paddy increases as the area becomes wider. By setting the area to be about 45 square millimeters or less, the rate of erroneous detection between brown rice and rice can be reduced.

[0008]

According to the present invention, as described above, the light emitting unit 30 is provided.
Since the grain measurement area from a is set to a predetermined area or smaller than the area, the rate of erroneous detection between brown rice and paddy can be reduced, and the detection accuracy can be improved.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below. First, the overall configuration of the hulling sorter will be described with reference to FIGS. The hulling sorter is
A rice hulling unit that performs hulling 1, a rice sifting wind selection unit 2 that wind-selects the rice smashed from the rice hulling unit 1, a shaking that separates and sorts the mixed rice after the wind selection in the rice slicing rice selection unit 2. It comprises a dynamic sorting device 3, a mixed rice fryer 4, a brown rice fryer 5, and the like.

The hulling unit 1 includes a hulling hopper 6, a hulling roll 7,
7 comprises a hulling room 8 and the like. The rice-slide selection unit 2 includes a rice-slice selection box 9, a rice-slice selection path 10 slanted in the rice-slice selection box 9, a pity trough 11, and a rice-strip trough 12. , A suction fan 13, a dust discharge tube 14, and the like. Next, the swing sorting device 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

Are formed on the plate surfaces of the swing sorting plates 15, 15,..., And one side in the vertical direction is high on the supply side 1.
5a, the other side opposite to the lower discharge side 15b, and one side in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction is the higher swinging side 15b.
c, the opposite side is a lower swinging side 15d, and the swing sorting plate 15 is configured to be inclined in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and the swing sorting plate 15 is moved in the horizontal direction by a swing arm / swing device. It is configured to reciprocate up and down diagonally.

The mixed rice is supplied to the supply port on the supply side 15a of the swing sorting plate 15 through the distribution supply gutter 16 and the distribution case 17. The mixed rice supplied to the oscillating sorting plate 15 has a small brown rice with a high specific gravity due to the size of the granules, the specific gravity, the coefficient of friction, and the like. Rice with a large specific gravity
Unevenly distributed on the lower side 15d, and unseparated mixed rice of paddy / brown rice is distributed in the middle, and these grains are
The rice is separated and taken out by a brown rice partition plate 18 and a paddy partition plate 19 provided to face the discharge side 15b of the swing sorting plate 15.

The extracted brown rice is taken from a brown rice extraction gutter 2.
0, the unpolished rice channel 21, and the unpolished rice mill 5 to be taken out of the machine.
3, Sliding rice trough 12, Mixed rice fryer 4, Mixed rice hopper 2
4, via the distribution supply gutter 16 and the distribution case 17, are supplied to the oscillating selection device 3 and are re-selected. Further, the paddy is configured such that the paddy is returned to the paddy unit 1 through the paddy discharge gutter 25, the paddy channel 26, and the paddy mill 27, and is padded again.

The brown rice partitioning plate 18 is pivoted upward from the intermediate portion in the horizontal direction of the pivoting sorting plate 15 to the pivoting position 15c.
c can be adjusted and moved.
The switching plates 18a and 18b which rotate in the horizontal direction are attached to the lower part of the. Then, the switching plates 18a, 18
b is rotated by a stopper (not shown) at a fixed position, and when the brown rice partition plate 18 moves to the uppermost swinging position, the switching plate 18b on the swinging side closes the downflow opening of the brown rice discharge gutter 20 and swings. The rice grains flowing down from the upper side of the sorting plate 15 are mixed with the mixed rice flow 2
When the brown rice partitioning plate 18 is moved to the partitioning position shown in FIG. 1, the grains partitioned on the upper side of the brown rice partitioning plate 18 are removed by the switching plate 18a on the upper side.
It is a structure to guide to the downflow side of.

A brown rice switching valve 37 is provided at the downflow opening of the brown rice extraction gutter 20 to switch the grains flowing down to the brown rice extraction gutter 20 to an internal circulation state or an external extraction state. The switching may be performed by the forward / reverse rotation of the tab 38. The mixed rice flow path 23 is provided with a mixed rice switching valve 39 for switching the taken-out grains to an in-machine circulating state or a returning state to the hulling unit 1, and forward / reverse rotation of the mixed rice switching valve motor 40. Thereby, the mixed rice switching valve 39 is switched.

As shown in FIG. 2, the brown rice partition plate 18 can be adjusted to reciprocate in the horizontal direction by the partition plate moving adjusting means 28. When the partition plate adjusting motor 29 is rotated in the normal or reverse direction, the brown rice partition plate 18 is rotated. 18 is a swinging upper side 15c or a swinging lower side 15
The movement is adjusted to d. In addition, a partition plate origin switch for detecting the movement of the brown rice partition plate 18 to the uppermost rocking position (upward rocking position)
33 and a partition plate origin switch (swinging side) 34 for detecting the movement of the brown rice partitioning plate 18 to the lowermost position.

Above the discharge side 15b of the swing sorting plate 15,
A rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 is provided. The rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 is supported movably in the horizontal direction by a sensor moving means 31 composed of a screw bar, and reciprocates in the horizontal direction by rotating the sensor adjusting motor 32 forward and reverse. It is a configuration to do. In addition, the sensor origin switch (upward swing) 35 for detecting the movement of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 to the uppermost 15c position and the movement of the paddy / brown rice sensor 30 to the lowermost 15d position are detected. A sensor origin switch (swinging side) 36 is provided.

The paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 will be described with reference to FIG. Light emitting unit 30 composed of an incandescent lamp
a, an electromagnetic wave including a moisture absorption wavelength band such as 1450 nm and 1900 nm and a reference wavelength band not absorbed by moisture is
The grains distributed on the measurement surface are irradiated, for example, in a circle (or quadrilateral, or a similar shape) of about 45 square millimeters, and the reflected light (or transmitted light) from the grains is irradiated.
Is received by the detection element 30c via the bandpass filter 30b for the water absorption wavelength band, and is converted into a large or small voltage value by the detection element 30c according to the amount of received light, and is sent to the control unit 41 built in the CPU. . Also, the band-pass filter 30b
The reference wavelength band reflected by is received by the detection element 30e via the band pass filter 30d for the reference wavelength band, converted into a voltage value, and sent to the control unit 41. Thus, the ratio of the two detected voltage values is calculated by the control unit 41, and the distinction between the rice and the brown rice is determined based on the predetermined reference value.

Instead of the reference wavelength band, a wavelength band which is not affected by color, moisture, etc. may be used in order to eliminate the influence of the measurement distance and the grain layer thickness. Next, the measurement area of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. When detecting one grain of rice and brown rice from the difference in the amount of reflected light due to the wavelength band of water absorption of electromagnetic waves, it is necessary to increase the measurement area to some extent in order to prevent the omission of detection of rice. However, if it is too wide, the area of the germ part of brown rice increases, the detection voltage value increases, and it becomes difficult to distinguish between rice and brown rice (the germ part of brown rice is higher than the other parts) Voltage value is detected.)

Therefore, during the sorting by the rocking sorter plate 15, the ratio of the area of the germ part of the brown rice that appears on the measurement surface to the minimum detection area that appears on the measurement surface of the paddy rice, As a result of the investigation, as shown in FIG. 5 (2), it was found that the rate of erroneous detection of the germ portion as paddy increased as the size became wider with the grid area being about 45 square millimeters as a boundary.

Thus, a measurement of about 45 square millimeters as an area without detection leakage taking into account the vertical moving speed of the grain, the horizontal reciprocating moving speed due to the oscillating motion, and the oscillating rotational speed. By setting the area, the rate of erroneously detecting the germ part of brown rice as rice can be reduced, and the detection accuracy can be improved. Next, FIG.
Another embodiment of the measurement area of the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 will be described based on FIG.

In this embodiment, erroneous detection of dead rice and paddy is prevented, and the detection accuracy is improved. The position where the probability distribution of one paddy and dead rice intersects in the rocking sorting state is set as the minimum area for detecting the paddy, and the area larger than this is set as the measurement area, so that there is an error between dead rice and the paddy. It is intended to prevent detection and improve detection accuracy.

FIG. 6 shows the measurement area on the horizontal axis and the measurement probability on the vertical axis.
Also, the dotted line indicates the measurement state of the paddy, and the two graphs intersect at 7 square millimeters. In the case of 8 square millimeters slightly wider than that, there is almost no possibility of erroneously measuring dead rice as paddy. For example, 8 square millimeters or more is used as the measurement area of the sensor. .

As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 41 having a built-in CPU includes a rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30, a partition plate origin switch (upward swinging) 33, and a partition plate origin switch (lower swinging side).
4, a sensor origin switch (swinging side) 35, a sensor origin switch (swinging side) 36, a load current sensor 44 for detecting a load current value of the main motor 42, and an operation switch 45 via an input interface. It is connected.

The control section 41 is provided with an output interface (not shown), a drive circuit, and a partition plate adjusting motor 29, a sensor adjusting motor 32, and a brown rice switching valve motor 3.
8. The mixed rice switching valve motor 40 and the main motor 42 are connected to each other. Next, control contents of the control unit 41 will be described. First, application of the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 to brown rice partition plate control will be described.

When the control of the brown rice partitioning plate based on the detection of the boundary between rice and brown rice by the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 is started, a movement command is issued to the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30. Then
The paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 stops while moving a predetermined distance from the movement reference position of the sensor origin switch (upward) 35 to the downside, detects the voltage value of the sorted kernels for a predetermined time, and detects the number of detected rice grains. Is calculated. Next, the number of detected rice grains is compared with the reference value, and when the number of detected rice grains is large (or small), the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 is moved to the swinging side 15c (or swinging side 15d) by a predetermined distance, Continue the boundary detection work.

The position where the number of detected rice grains reaches the reference value is set as the boundary detection position between rice and brown rice, and the sensor position sensor (not shown) calculates the movement distance from the movement reference position. Next, based on the movement distance of the sensor, for example, a partition position that is a predetermined distance upward is calculated and a movement command is output, and the brown rice partition plate 18 is moved to the partition position (note that the brown rice partition plate not shown during movement is shown). The movement distance is measured by the movement sensor.), And the brown rice is separated by the brown rice partition plate 18 at a position where no paddy is mixed.

The following control may be added to the above-mentioned brown rice partition plate partition control. Rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 3
Compare the paddy / brown rice boundary detection position of 0 with the current partition position of the brown rice partition plate 18, and when the rice is separated by a predetermined distance or more,
The boundary detection position of the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 is determined to be erroneously detected, the output of the movement command to the brown rice partition plate 18 from the control unit 41 is stopped, and the detection command is output to the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 again. Configuration. Thus, erroneous detection of the boundary position between the rice and brown rice by the sensor can be prevented, and the accuracy of the partition control of the brown rice partition plate 18 can be improved. FIG. 9 shows a control flow.

The following control may be added to the above-described partition control of the brown rice partition plate. The rotation speed of the rocking device (not shown) of the rocking sorting device 3 is configured to be adjustable by a rocking rotation speed adjusting motor (not shown). There is provided a branch incision setting means (not shown) which can be input and set. If the operator adjusts the branch stalk setting means to more or less according to the degree of the stalk, the oscillating rotation speed is adjusted to a large or small, and the oscillating selection plate 15 An appropriate sorting state according to the size of the grains is obtained, and the distribution of the grains to the swinging side or swinging side is optimized, and the grains can be sorted well. FIG. 10 shows the control flow.

Next, the detection of abnormality of the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. When the selected grain of the swing sorting plate 15 is detected by the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30, the rice detects a voltage value higher than that of the brown rice, and the grain of the swing sorting plate 15 made of iron plate or aluminum is detected. When the unexposed plate surface exposed portion is detected, a voltage value significantly higher than that of the paddy is detected.

When the paddy / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 detects the exposed state of the plate surface, the detection signal is not output by the circuit configuration, or the peak voltage as the detection signal is changed by software processing. It is configured not to output the interrupt signal to be measured. Further, a grain spread sensor 46 is attached to the paddy partition board 19 so that it is possible to detect whether or not grains are distributed on the swing sorting board 15.

Next, the abnormality determination of the sensor will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the abnormality control of the sensor is started, it is determined whether or not the power switch is turned on. When the power switch is turned on, the electromagnetic contactor for driving the main motor 42 is turned on, and the main motor is turned on. 42 is driven. Next, the timer set is started, and it is determined whether or not there is an interrupt input of a grain detection signal from the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30. If there is an interrupt input of the grain detection signal, the grain is detected. The number of detected grains is added to the grain counter by +1 and stored at a predetermined address in the storage unit. If there is no interrupt input, the detected grain number is not added. Next, a determination is made as to whether the timer set has ended, and if so, the counter is reset.

Next, it is determined whether or not the kernels are distributed on the swing sorting plate 15 based on whether or not the kernels are detected by the kernel spread sensor 46. If the kernels are not distributed, It is determined whether or not the number of detected grains is stored in the storage unit. If the number is detected, it is determined that the rice / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 is abnormal, and the control unit 41 notifies the notification unit (not shown) of abnormality. To inform.

Thus, even though the grain spread sensor 46 detects no grain and the plate surface is exposed, the grain / brown rice discrimination sensor 30 detects the grain voltage value of the grain or brown rice. In this case, it can be determined that the sensor is abnormal. Moreover,
The sensor abnormality can be determined before the swing sorting operation is started, and the sorting efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall cut side view.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a front view.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram.

FIG. 4 is a side view

FIG. 5 is a plan view and a graph showing a measurement state of a germ portion of paddy and brown rice.

FIG. 6 is a graph

FIG. 7 is a perspective view.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rice hulling part, 2 ... Rice sliding rice-style selection part, 3 ... Swing sorter, 4
... Mixed rice fryer, 5 ... Brown rice fryer, 6 ... Rice hopper, 7 ...
Rice hulling roll, 8 ... Rice hulling room, 9: Rice husk rice selection box, 10 ... Rice husk rice selection path, 11 ... Pity gutter, 12 ... Rice ridding gutter, 13 ...
Suction fan, 14 ... Dust cylinder, 15: Swing sorting plate, 16 ...
Distribution supply gutter, 17: distribution case, 18: brown rice partition plate, 1
9: paddy partition plate, 20: brown rice extraction gutter, 21: brown rice channel, 2
2 ... mixed rice extraction gutter, 23 ... mixed rice channel, 24 ... mixed rice hopper, 25 ... paddy extraction gutter, 26 ... paddy channel, 27 ... paddying machine, 28 ... partition plate movement adjusting means, 29 ... partition Board adjustment mode
, 30 ... Rice / brown rice discrimination sensor, 31 ... Sensor moving means, 32 ... Sensor adjustment motor, 33 ... Partition plate origin switch (upward swing), 34 ... Partition plate origin switch (downward swing),
35: Sensor origin switch (upward swing), 36: Sensor origin switch (downward swing), 37 ... Brown rice switching valve, 38 ... Brown rice switching valve motor, 39 ... Mixed rice switching valve, 40 ... Mixed rice switching valve -41, control unit, 42-main motor, 44-load current sensor, 45-operation switch, 46-grain spread sensor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light emitting unit 30a for irradiating a selected grain on an oscillating sorting plate 15 over a predetermined area with an electromagnetic wave including a water absorption wavelength band, and reflected light in the water absorption wavelength band irradiated from the light emitting unit 30a. Alternatively, the detecting element 3 which receives the transmitted light via the band-pass filter 30b for the water absorption wavelength band.
0c, wherein the measurement area irradiated from the light emitting portion 30a to the grain is an area where the germ part of the brown rice is less likely to be erroneously detected as the rice. Brown rice discrimination sensor.