JPH103552A - Three-dimensional data processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cut a stereoscopic model at a desired position and angle, and to display the cross-section. SOLUTION: A stereoscopic model and a reference object 3320 in a plane body structure are displayed on a three-dimensional viewer 3311. This reference object 3320 can be moved by desired amounts or rotated at a desired angle on the three-dimensional viewer by the operation of a control part. On the other hand, in this device, three-dimensional data defining the stereoscopic model are coordinate-transformed into a new coordinate system in which the reference object 3320 is defined as a reference face(Z=0) on a coordinate, and data fulfilling Z=0 are extracted from the transformed three-dimensional data as cross-section data. Then, the cross-section data are displayed on a second- dimensional viewer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional data processing system, and more particularly to an improvement in a technique for displaying a cross section of a three-dimensional model defined by three-dimensional data.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the recent progress in three-dimensional data measurement technology, there has been an increasing demand for measuring a cross section of an object to be measured by analyzing three-dimensional data measured by a three-dimensional data measurement device. For example, the human body is measured,
The demand for measuring and displaying a cut surface at a desired position and angle of the three-dimensional model is increasing in a medical field, a garment sewing technology field, and the like.

[0003]

However, conventionally, for example, a position on the Z-axis is designated, and the three-dimensional model is cut along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis passing through the position and displayed along one axis. No technology has been established for cutting a three-dimensional model from an arbitrary position and an arbitrary direction in a three-dimensional coordinate system and displaying the cut surface.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a useful technique capable of designating cutting of a three-dimensional model in a desired direction and displaying its cross section.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first display means for displaying a three-dimensional model defined by three-dimensional data on a predetermined display screen; Cutting plane designating means for designating a cutting plane to be cut at an angle, and second display means for displaying the cutting plane designated by the cutting plane designating means on the same display screen as the three-dimensional model. And a third display unit for displaying a result of cutting the three-dimensional model according to the cut surface.

Here, the degree of freedom of designating the cutting plane by the cutting plane designating means is six.
Here, the second display means is a means for displaying, as a cutting plane, three orthogonal axes independent of the display coordinates of the three-dimensional data, and a plane including the two axes. .

Here, the third display means is a two-dimensional viewer, and the cutting plane designating means converts the three-dimensional data of the three-dimensional model into a new coordinate system using the cutting plane as a coordinate reference plane. It is characterized by including a coordinate conversion unit for performing the conversion, and an output unit for outputting data on the same plane as the cutting plane among the three-dimensional data after the coordinate conversion to the third display means.

Here, means for judging whether or not there is a defect in the three-dimensional data on the same plane as the cutting plane, and switching for switching the display method of the three-dimensional model cutting result by the third display means according to the judgment result. Means. Here, a plurality of the third display means are provided, and each of the third display means displays a different cut surface at the same magnification.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. <System Configuration> The internal configuration of the three-dimensional data processing system is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional data processing system includes an optical measurement unit, a measurement target modeling unit 2, a disk device 3, a mouse 5, a keyboard 6, a GUI system 7, a main module 8, and a measuring module 9. You.

The optical measuring section 1 is disclosed, for example, in JP-A-7-174.
536, which has a laser measuring device and optically reads an object to be measured. The measurement object modeling unit 2 models the optically read measurement object into a three-dimensional model. FIG. 20A shows the relationship between the three-dimensional model and the object to be measured.
(B). The human body shown in FIG. 20A is irradiated with a laser by the optical measurement unit. The measurement target modeling unit 2 converts the measurement target optically read by the optical measurement unit into a three-dimensional model as shown in FIG. The three-dimensional model is a model in which the measurement target is expressed by a polyhedral approximation, and is composed of thousands or tens of thousands of planes.
The circle in y201 is an enlarged view of the circle y200 of the three-dimensional model. Each plane is called a polygon mesh and has a triangular or quadrangular shape. Y2 in FIG. 20 (c)
In 01, there is a portion where the stereo model data has not been generated. This is a defective portion caused by defective reading of the reflected light from the optical measurement unit.

FIG. 21 shows the data structure of the three-dimensional model data. As shown in FIG. 21, the three-dimensional model data includes a combination of the number of vertices and the number of polygon meshes, a polygon mesh list, and a vertex list. The components of the polygon mesh are shown side by side in FIG. The polygon mesh list is configured by listing identifiers assigned to polygon meshes, the number of vertices forming the polygon mesh, a vertex identifier sequence, and information indicating the front and back of the plane for the number of meshes. The arrangement order of the vertices in each polygon mesh list is a counterclockwise order when each polygon mesh list is viewed from the front side, so that the front and back of each polygon mesh can be identified.
External identification becomes possible.

The vertex list is constructed by listing the vertex identifiers assigned to each vertex and the three-dimensional coordinates of the vertex by the number of vertices. The disk device 3 stores a large number of data files containing three-dimensional model data. The display 4 has a spacious display surface of 20 inches or more, on which a number of windows are arranged. In the window of Display 4, "VIEWER"
There are three types, "canvas" and "panel". The viewer is a window for three-dimensional data, and the canvas is a window for two-dimensional data. In the display of the viewer, a shadow can be added to the surface by a rendering process, and a pattern / pattern can be attached. In addition to the window, a goggle type three-dimensional display having a liquid crystal shutter, real-time holography, or the like can be used as the viewer.

FIG. 22 shows a display example of the display 4.
In the figure, the display surface of the display 4 has three viewers y2201 to y2203 and four canvases y2
204 to y2207, measuring processing operation panel
3170 and a rotation / movement amount input panel 3290 are arranged. A perspective image of the three-dimensional model data is displayed on the viewer y2201, and a side image is displayed on the viewer y2202. The viewer y 2203 displays an upper surface image of the stereo model data. On the four canvases y2204, y2205, and y2206, cross-sectional images obtained by cutting the three-dimensional model data are displayed. The reason why a plurality of canvases are arranged in this way is to individually display a plurality of cross sections of the three-dimensional model such as the neck, waist, and chest around the three-dimensional model. Panel 3290 for inputting rotation and movement
Is a panel for designating the cutting edge, and the measuring processing operation panel 3170 is a panel for displaying the volume, the center of gravity, the cross-sectional area, and the distance of the three-dimensional model.

FIG. 23 shows the correspondence between the coordinate system of the viewer and the coordinate system of the canvas. FIG.
In (b), the coordinates of the viewer system have the origin at the lower left of the three-dimensional model data. On the other hand, the coordinate system on the canvas has the origin at the center of a plane body called a reference object (the reference object corresponds to a virtual object in the claims). The polygon mesh on the front side of the reference object has a positive Z coordinate, and the polygon mesh on the back side has a negative Z coordinate.

The reference object will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 24A, the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis of the canvas coordinate system are orthogonal to the center position of the reference object.
The orthogonal point is the origin in the canvas coordinate system. FIG.
The reference object shown in (a) is represented by a data structure shown in FIG. That is, the reference object is a normal vector (p, q,
r) and the coordinates of the center position represented by the viewer system (X
a, Ya, Za), a vertical width LX, and a horizontal width Ly. Arbitrary coordinates (X,
Y, Z) and the normal vector (p, q, r) are pX + q
The relationship of Y + rZ = 1 holds.

As shown in FIG. 25 (a), the posture of the reference object is changed according to the operation of the operator by arrows Rx, Xx, Y-axis and Z-axis.
The reference object is rotated in the directions of Ry and Rz, and the position of the reference object slides in the directions of arrows mx, my and nz on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis as shown in FIG. The mouse 5 and the keyboard 6 are positioned on the canvas and the viewer, and the measuring process operation panel 31.
70, a pointing device for instructing buttons on the rotation / movement input panel 3290 to input the movement or rotation of the reference object.

The GUI system 7 manages events and controls the allocation of canvases and viewers on the display 4 and the allocation of various menus. The main module 8 is an executable program that describes the procedure of the flowchart of FIG. 2, and the measuring module 9 is an executable program that describes the procedure of the flowchart of FIGS. It is a program. These modules are loaded onto the memory from the disk device 3 and executed by the processor 10 one by one.

The processor 10 is an integrated circuit having a decoder, an ALU, and various registers.
The three-dimensional data processing system is controlled based on the contents of the measuring module 9. Next, the main flow shown in FIG.
The control contents of the processor based on the main module 8 will be described with reference to a chart. Step 1
At 0, the processor 10 performs initialization such as hardware initialization and display of various windows. After the initial settings, the display 4 asks the operator whether to execute the 3D model data import process or the measuring process.
Display the P menu. Here, if the operator selects the stereo model data import process, step 11 becomes Yes and the process proceeds to step 13. In step 13, the processor 10 activates the optical measurement unit, causes the optical measurement unit 1 to irradiate the human body with laser, and measures the reflected light. After the laser irradiation, the measurement target modeling unit 2 generates three-dimensional model data based on the measured reflected light. Thereby, the three-dimensional model data as shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 20 is generated. The three-dimensional model data, the swelling of the shoulder of the human body,
The undulations of the chest and arms are represented by a polyhedron. When the three-dimensional model is generated in this way, the top view, side view, and perspective view are displayed on the viewer.

After execution of step 13, in step 15, the processor 10 displays the generated three-dimensional model data on a viewer. By the step 15, the display is changed to the screen of the display example shown in FIG. The cursor position in this display example is appropriately moved by the event management of the GUI system 7. <Measurement Processing> In the main flow of the measurement processing, various modes are activated in response to a click on the measurement processing operation panel 3170. The main flowchart of the measuring process is shown in FIG.
As shown in the chart, it is expressed using multiple branches consisting of a series of determination steps.

When the flow shifts to the present flowchart, a measuring process operation panel 3170 is displayed on the display 4, and the process enters the event waiting state in step 37. FIG. 31 shows the configuration of the measuring processing operation panel 3170. As shown in FIG. 31, the measuring processing operation panel
3170 is a volume mode start button 3171, a center of gravity mode start button 3172, a surface area mode start button 3173, a cutting mode start button 3174, a distance mode start button 3175, a reference object move button 3176, a reference object rotation button 3177, and a solid model load button 3178. , Measuring process end button 3179,
Model size gauge 3181, volume gauge 3182, center of gravity gauge
3183, surface area gauge 3184, cross section / profile length gauge 3185,
And a linear distance / surface distance gauge 3186.

When the operator operates the pointing device, the processor 10 operates the measuring processing operation panel.
Move the cursor over 3170. In this figure, a volume mode start button 3171 is a start button for starting the volume mode processing, and a volume gauge 3182 is a gauge for displaying the volume calculated in the main volume mode in the SI unit system. The center-of-gravity mode start button 3172 is a start button for starting the center-of-gravity position mode process, and the center-of-gravity gauge 3183 is a gauge for displaying the center-of-gravity position calculated in the main center-of-gravity mode in the SI unit system. The disconnect mode start button 3174 is a start button for starting the disconnect mode process. The distance mode start button 3175 is a start button for starting distance mode processing,
The surface distance gauge 3186 displays the distance calculated in this distance mode.
This is a gauge for displaying in SI units.

Here, when an event is input, the process shifts to a series of determination steps of steps 20 to 26 and 36. In this list of determination steps, if No in step 20, the process proceeds to step 21, and in step 21,
If No, go to step 22. As described above, steps 20 to 26 and step 36 are sequentially executed until one of the steps becomes “Yes”. When the operator designates the disconnection mode start button 3174 with the cursor, the determination in Step 22 becomes Yes, and Step 30 is executed. The operator presses the distance mode start button 31 with the cursor.
When 75 is designated, the result is Yes in step 23, and step 31 is executed. When the volume mode start button 3171 is instructed by the cursor, “Yes” is determined in step 24, and step 32 is executed. In a state where the three-dimensional data processing system is activated, since the reference object is not displayed, step 20 becomes Yes and the process proceeds to step 27. To exit the measuring process mode, the operator may click the measuring process end button 3179 on the measuring process operation panel 3170. If the measuring process end button 3179 is clicked, step 36 becomes Yes, and the flow returns to the flowchart of FIG. To measure another three-dimensional model data, the operator clicks a three-dimensional model load button 3178 on the measuring processing operation panel 3170. When the three-dimensional model load button 3178 is clicked, the directory of the disk device 3 is displayed. This directory is for displaying a list of the three-dimensional model data stored in the disk device 3. When any of the listed three-dimensional model data is clicked, the viewer displays the three-dimensional model data.

<Reference Object Display Processing> The reference object display processing focuses on adapting the reference object to the size of the three-dimensional model. How the matching with the three-dimensional model is performed will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step 41 of this flowchart, the processor 1
0 determines whether the reference object is already displayed or not displayed. The case where the process proceeds to step 44 will be described.
In step 44, the maximum value and the minimum value of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are searched from the vertex list of which an example is shown in FIG. Step 4
After the execution of step 4, the process proceeds to step 45. In step 45, the size of the reference object in each of the XYZ directions is calculated from the searched maximum value and minimum value. FIG.
Since the maximum value and the minimum value of the vertex coordinates shown in FIG. 1 are searched for, the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the three-dimensional model data are calculated based on these values. The calculated vertical and horizontal dimensions are displayed on the model size gauge 3181 on the measuring processing operation panel 3170 shown in FIG.

After the execution of step 45, the process proceeds to step 46. In step 46, the processor 10 determines the size of the reference object so as to fit the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the three-dimensional model. After the execution of step 46, the process proceeds to step 47, where the processor 10 calculates the range occupied by the three-dimensional model data using the maximum and minimum values of the X and Y coordinates as operands, and calculates the center position thereof. The position calculated here is the center position of the reference object. After performing step 47,
Go to step 48. At step 48, the processor 10 sets the reference object at the midpoint position in the viewer. In this way, the three-dimensional model data in which the reference object is set at the center thereof is displayed on the viewer.

<Reference Object Redisplay Processing> The reference object redisplay processing includes processing (1) for changing the orientation of the reference object and processing (2) for changing the position of the reference object. The switching between the processes (1) and (2) is performed by clicking the reference object movement button 3176 and the reference object rotation button 3177. Rotation amount in (1) and
The movement amount in (2) is determined by the event amount.
There are two types of event amounts in the present system, one provided to the three-dimensional data processing system by the running operation of the mouse 5 and the other provided to the three-dimensional data processing system depending on the type of the keyboard 6. The former event amount is calculated by sampling the rotation amount of a sphere built in a mouse, and the latter event amount is calculated by acquiring a code stored in a key buffer.

The operator operates the measuring processing operation panel 31
When the reference object movement button 3176 and the reference object rotation button 3177 in 70 are designated by the cursor, a rotation / movement amount input panel shown in FIG. 32 is displayed. When this is indicated by the cursor and the operator types the key, in step 25, the processor 10 detects the code stored in the key buffer as the input event amount. When the operator runs the mouse, the processor 10 samples the rotation amount of the sphere built in the mouse. This sampling value is regarded as an input event value. The processor 10 displays these input event amounts in the gauges 3291 to 3293 of the rotation / movement amount input panel 3290. After the display, the process proceeds to steps 41 and 42. Steps 41 and 42 branch to different procedures depending on the setting of the rotation mode and the movement mode. First, the case where the rotation mode is designated will be described. When the rotation mode is set, step 42 becomes Yes and the process proceeds to step 49.

In step 49, the processor 10 calculates a rotation amount around the reference axis based on the rotation amount calculated in step 35. After execution of step 49, the process proceeds to step 50. In step 50, the reference object is rotated around each reference axis by a corresponding amount of rotation. Here, since the reference object is placed at the center of the three-dimensional model data, an upward vector (0, 0, 1) in the Z-axis direction is set as its normal vector. In step 35, when the rotation amount θx about the X axis is input, the normal vector (0, 0, 1) of the reference object is geometrically transformed by the rotation amount θx. Due to this geometric transformation, the orientation of the reference object in the viewer changes as shown in FIG. After the execution of step 50, the process proceeds to step 57. In step 57, the color of the reference object is color-coded for each of the positive and negative XYZ axes so that the front and back sides can be distinguished. After the color coding, the process returns to step 37 of the main flowchart of FIG. 4 to FIG.

In waiting for an event in step 37, the reference object moving button on the measuring processing operation panel 3170
When 3176 is clicked, the answer is Yes in step 21 in FIG. 3, and the process returns to step 41 in FIG. Since the rotation mode was set, No in step 41 and No in step 42
Becomes Yes in step 43. In step 43,
The movement amount is added to the origin position coordinates of the reference object. Let the center coordinates of the reference object in the viewer coordinate system be (Xa, Ya, Z
In the case of a), the movement amount calculated in step 35 is newly added to this. Steps 49 and 53 above
25, the position of the reference object slides freely according to the event amount as shown in FIG.

By the operation of the above-described flowchart, the intersection angle between the reference object and the three-dimensional model can be freely changed according to the operation of the pointing device. In addition, by freely sliding the reference object using the pointing device, the cut of the three-dimensional model can be freely switched to a neck, a chest, a waist, or the like. <Cutting Mode Processing> The cutting mode is a mode for obtaining a cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional model data on the canvas, and its outline is as shown in the flowchart of FIG. .

When the cutting mode processing is selected in the main flow of FIG. 3, step 6 in the flowchart of FIG.
In the cross-section data calculation processing in step 1, the cross-section data of the three-dimensional model data with the reference object as the cut is calculated.
A sectional image is displayed on the canvas based on the sectional data calculated in the sectional display processing 2. The cross-sectional area is calculated based on the cross-sectional data in the cross-sectional area measurement processing in step 63, and the contour length of the cross-section is measured in the contour length measurement processing in step 64. In the cross-sectional area / contour length display step of step 65, the cross-sectional area and the contour length are displayed. The details of each of the above processes will be described individually with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. In the following description, it is assumed that the reference object is placed near the waist, right arm, and left arm joint of the three-dimensional model data as shown in FIG.

<Section data calculation mode>"Sectiondata"
Is information expressing a cross section of the three-dimensional model by an intersection between the reference object and the three-dimensional model and a line segment connecting these intersections. The procedure for calculating the cross-sectional data is represented by flowcharts shown in FIGS. In the flowcharts of FIGS. 6A and 6B, “section i” is a variable indicating each of a plurality of section data obtained on the reference object.
When the execution order reaches the cross-section data calculation processing in the cutting mode, the processor 10 converts the vertex coordinates of the polygon mesh into the canvas coordinate system in step 66. After execution of step 66, the process proceeds to step 67. In step 67, the process branches to the flowchart of FIG. In step 70 of the flowchart of FIG. 6B, the process branches to the flowchart of FIG. 7 in order to perform "connection processing of intersections", and in step 81, "connection processing of line segment series" is performed. Therefore, the process branches to the flowchart of FIG.

<Connection processing between intersections>"Connection processing between intersections" is a process of calculating coordinates of intersections between a three-dimensional model and a reference object.
(1), a line segment drawing (2) between the calculated intersections. FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the procedure of these processes (1) and (2). In step 90 of the flowchart, the processor 10
Controls to repeat the processing of the following steps 91 to 95 for all polygons. Step 9
1 controls to repeat the processing of steps 92 to 93 for all combinations of vertex coordinates of the polygon.

At step 92, the processor 10
It is determined whether the product of the Z coordinates of the combination selected in step 91 (here, the Z coordinate is the Z coordinate in the canvas coordinate system) is negative, and if so, the process proceeds to step 93. If not, step 93 is skipped. A negative product of the Z coordinate indicates that the vertices of the combination face each other via the reference object.

Steps 93 are skipped because the vertices above the reference object have a positive product of the Z coordinate. The vertices below the reference object are also skipped because the product of the Z coordinate is positive. The vertices facing each other via the reference object move to step 93. Thus step 93
Then, the intersection of the straight line connecting the combination and the XY plane is obtained. When the positional relationship between the polygon mesh and the reference object is as shown in the example of the explanatory diagram of FIG. 26A, among the combinations of the vertices of the polygon mesh indicated by reference symbols P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 ,
Step 9 because the z-coordinate of the combination 2601, the combination 2602, and the combination 2603 has been determined to be positive or negative.
2 is Yes, and the vertices of these combinations are connected by a straight line (this is called a vertex straight line). The vertex straight line is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 6B, it intersects with the reference object at the position indicated by the mark “x”. This is the intersection between the three-dimensional model data and the reference object. When the above processing is repeated up to the last combination of each polygon mesh, as shown in FIG. 26B, a number of intersections with the vertex straight lines appear on the reference object.

In step 94, the processor 10
It is determined whether two intersections have been generated for one polygon. If so, go to step 95. If not, step 95 is skipped. In step 95, the processor 10 generates a line segment connecting the intersections. The explanatory diagram of FIG. 27 shows the contents on the reference object when step 95 is executed. Since the intersection points y2701 and y2702 are the intersection points of the polygon mesh 1 shown in FIG.
s. Similarly, y2702 and y2703 are intersections of the polygon mesh 2 shown in FIG.
Becomes Yes. For these sets of intersections, a line segment is generated between the intersections in step 95 as shown in FIG.

<Line segment sequence connection process> A "line segment sequence" is a polygonal line for expressing the contour of a three-dimensional model on a reference object. The line segment generated in the flowchart of FIG. Generated by joining. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a specific procedure of the "connection process of line segment sequence". In this flowchart, "line segment i" is a variable for designating an individual line segment on the reference object, and "line segment sequence i" designates a line segment sequence including the line segment i. Variables for The flow of FIG.
Then, the process branches to step 100 in FIG. Step 100 is a segment k (k =
.., N) is controlled so that the processing of steps 101 to 103 is repeated. In step 101, it is determined whether there is a line segment m having an end point that matches the end point coordinates of the line segment. Here, when the line segment of the reference object is y2710 shown in the example of the explanatory diagram of FIG. 27B, in this step, a line segment y2711 having the intersection point y2702 as an end point is detected. Since a line segment has been detected, the process proceeds to step 102. On the other hand, if it does not exist, steps 102 and 103 are skipped. Step 102
Then, a line segment sequence i (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,... N) including a line segment k is detected, and a line segment m is converted to a line segment sequence i (i = 0, 1, 2 , 3,4,5... N).
When the above process is repeated up to the last polygon mesh, the line segments on the reference object are connected to a polygonal line segment sequence as shown in FIG. FIG. 27C shows a polygonal line segment sequence which is the outline of the body, right arm, and left arm appearing on the display surface of the reference object because the reference object is set at the position shown in FIG. In FIG. 27C, y2704, y2705,
y2706 and y2707 are not connected by a straight line. This is the result of the missing part appearing on the reference object.

When the “connection process of the line segment sequence” is completed, FIG.
The process moves to step 71 of (b). In step 71 of FIG. 6B, control is performed such that the subsequent steps 72 to 80 are repeated for all of the cross sections i cut by the reference object. In step 72, control is performed such that the subsequent processing in steps 73 to 80 is repeated for all of the line segment arrays in each section.

In step 73, the processor 10
It is determined whether the start point and the end point of the line segment sequence match. If they match, the process proceeds to step 74, where this is regarded as a closed section. The intersection y2704 in FIG.
If they do not match, such as between the intersection y2705 and the intersection y2706-y2707, in step 75 the closest line segment sequence is searched. If a line segment is found by the search, the processor 10 determines in step 76 whether the distance from the line segment is larger than a predetermined value. If so, go to step 77. If not, the process proceeds to step 78. First, the case where the process proceeds to step 78 will be described. In step 78, the section flux `Fi (i = 1, 2,... N) for the section i (i = 1, 2,... N) is set to 1. The flag setting in this step clearly indicates that the section i is not closed. On the other hand, if No in step 76,
In step 77, the line is connected to the closest line segment, and the process proceeds to step 80. Similarly, even if it is determined in step 74 that the cross section is a closed cross section, the process proceeds to step 80. Step 80
Then, the sectional flux `Fi (i = i =
1, 2,... N) are set to 0. The flag setting in this step clearly indicates that the cross section i is a closed area. The above processing is repeated for all the cross sections that have the reference object as a cut. When the processing of the last section is completed, the process returns to step 68 in FIG. In step 68, the vertices of the cross-section data are converted to a canvas coordinate system. After the execution of step 68, the process moves to step 69. In step 69, a contour of the cross section is created.

<Cross Section Display Processing> The cross section display processing focuses on expressing a contour represented as a connected body of line segments as a cross sectional image. Also, in view of the case where a plurality of canvases are open or the case where a plurality of cross-sectional image images are displayed in one canvas, display adjustment on the display surface and in the canvas is also realized. The "section display processing" will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step 110, it is determined whether or not the lock button (shown as Lock in the figure) shown in FIG. 33 has been clicked. Locking (LOCK) means prohibiting overwriting of the contents of the canvas. If a lock icon arranged in the viewer is clicked, the processor 10 proceeds to step 1
At 11 the canvas is locked. Subsequently, the process proceeds to step 112, where it is determined whether or not some canvases are already displayed on the display 4. If there is no canvas, a new canvas is created in step 115, but if some canvases are open as in the example of FIG. 22, the process proceeds to step 113. Step 1
At 13, it is determined whether there is an unlocked canvas. Step 114 if there is an unlocked canvas
Move to If all the canvases have been locked, the process proceeds to step 124, and an error message indicating that any one of the canvases is unlocked is displayed.

If there is at least one unlocked canvas, it is selected in step 114. In step 116, it is determined whether a cross section is displayed in the selected canvas. Step 1 if displayed
The cross section having the maximum size is obtained in step 17 and step 1
At 18, the maximum size cross section is reduced based on the size of the canvas. Then, the process proceeds to step 119 to reduce the remaining cross sections at the same reduction rate. By such reduction, a plurality of cross sections are evenly arranged in the canvas. Further, a plurality of cross sections are displayed at the same magnification between the canvases.

When a plurality of cross sections are arranged in the canvas in this way, the cross section flag Fi for each cross section is referred to in step 121. If the contour is a closed cross section, the process proceeds to step 122, and the inside of the cross section is painted out with "light green". This filling is easily realized by a color conversion algorithm realized in an existing graphics system. In FIG. 33A, it is assumed that a reference object is arranged in the viewer 3311 at a position indicated by reference numeral 3320 and intersects with the three-dimensional model 3332. Here, if the cross section of the three-dimensional model 3332 is closed, a cross-sectional image in which the inside is filled with “light green” is displayed on the canvas.

If the contour is an open cross section, the process proceeds to step 123, where an intersection line indicating the cross section is displayed in "yellow" as shown in FIG. This is because, if the color conversion algorithm attempts to fill the inside of the cross section where the outline is open, the portion outside the cross section is also erroneously filled. In order to prevent this, in this step, only the intersection line of the reference object is drawn in a different color. FIG.
In (a), the reference object is arranged in the viewer 3311 at the position indicated by reference numeral 3320, and
Suppose it crosses 2. Here, the measurement target 3332
Is open, a cross-sectional image with the outline drawn in “yellow” is displayed on the canvas. Also, by displaying the coordinate axes in the canvas (which correspond to the XY axes of the viewer) in the same color as the reference object, the operator is notified of the orientation of the cut plane on the viewer on the canvas. That is, the color of the positive portion of the XY axis of the reference object on the canvas is matched with the color of the positive portion of the XY axis of the reference object in the viewer, and the XY
Change the color of the negative part of the axis to the XY
Match the color of the negative part of the axis. In the present embodiment, the sum of the cross-sectional areas is obtained, but individual cross-sectional areas may be displayed.

<Cross Section Area Measurement Processing> In the "cross section area measurement processing", the cross sectional area of the reference object is calculated by polygon approximation.
The polygon is a figure having a plurality of intersections as vertices obtained on the reference object by the flowchart of FIG. 7, and the flowchart of FIG. 10 is for calculating the area of the polygon whose cross section is approximated. Do.

In the flowchart of FIG.
"Sum" is a variable for storing individual triangles constituting a polygon, and "Total area S" is a variable for storing a sum of cross-sectional areas on a reference object. Step 131 of this flowchart is an initialization step in which the total area S is set to zero. In step 132, control is performed so as to repeat the subsequent steps 133 to 137 for all the sections generated by the reference object. Step 13
3 is an initialization step, and the processor 10 determines the cross-sectional area Su
Set m to 0. Step 134 is a step 135 to a step 13 for all combinations of adjacent intersections.
6 is repeated. At step 135, the processor 10 calculates the cross product of one combination. In the case where the intersections shown as an example in FIG. 28A have been calculated, the outer product operation is executed using these as vertices. Two intersections Pn1 and Pn on the reference object from the origin on the canvas
A vector heading for 2 is obtained, and an outer product of the vectors OPn1 and OPn2 is obtained. Since the outer product calculation is a vector operation, there are cases where the result is given a negative sign.

After execution of step 135, step 136
Move to In step 136, the processor 10 takes the absolute value of the outer product of the vectors OPn1 and OPn2, divides the result by two, and adds the result to the cross-sectional area Sum. Steps 135 and 136 described above are repeated for all combinations of one section. By this repetition, the area of the triangle consisting of the intersection and the origin adjacent to each other is integrated. FIG.
In the example of (a), the area Sum1 + Sum2 + Sum3 + ... Sum6
Has been calculated and the area Su
When m7 is newly calculated, Sum7 is added to this total value.

When the above-described repetition is completed and the cross-sectional area Sum of one cross-section is obtained, it is added to the total area S in step 137. The above processing is repeated up to the last combination to obtain a cross-sectional area with the reference object as a cut. In the present embodiment, the sum of the cross-sectional areas is obtained, but individual cross-sectional areas may be displayed. <Contour Length Measurement Processing> In the “contour length measurement”, the contour length of the cross section is calculated by approximating it to the broken line length (line segment length). The flowchart of FIG. 11 shows a procedure for counting the line segment sequence length. In the flowchart of FIG.
"N" is a variable for storing the distance between intersections as a contour length, and "total contour length L" is a variable for storing the sum of the contour lengths LEN. When the execution order comes to the “contour length measurement process”, the processor 10 sets the total contour length L to 0 in step 140. In step 141, the processor 10 controls so as to repeat the processing of the following steps 142 to 147 for all the sections generated by the reference object. In step 142, the contour length Len is set to 0, and in step 143, the following step 14 is executed for all combinations of adjacent intersections.
4 is repeated. At step 144, the processor 10 calculates the distance between the combinations,
Add to contour length Len. The above processing is repeated until the last combination in the cross section. For example, in the example of FIG. 28B, the line segment lengths are successively added as Len1 + Len2 + Len3 + Len4.

After completing the loop processing in step 143, the processor 10 determines in step 145 whether the start and end points of the contour line match. If they do not match, the distance between the start point and the end point is added to the contour length Len. Of course, the intersection line length without adding the distance between the start point and the end point may be obtained as the feature amount of the cross section. Even if the cross section is open, the contour length is calculated from the distance between the start point and the end point. After the execution of step 146, the process moves to step 147. At step 147, the processor 10 adds the calculated contour length Len to the total contour length L. The above processing is repeated up to the last section. When the contour length is calculated for the last cross section, the cross-sectional area and the contour length calculated by the flowchart of FIG.
The cross-sectional area / contour length gauge 3185 is displayed with 4 significant figures on the gauge 3185, and the cutting mode process is completed.

<Distance mode measurement processing>
This is a mode for measuring the distance between desired positions in the three-dimensional space where the three-dimensional model data is placed. There are two types of distances in the three-dimensional space described below. The first is a linear distance between two points, and the second is a path length along the surface of the three-dimensional model data. The former can be easily calculated, but the latter is difficult. This is because there are hundreds and thousands of paths along the surface of the three-dimensional model. The method of specifying the path on the surface in this system includes the method of specifying the path by the viewer (1) and the method of specifying the path by the canvas
There are two types of (2). In the latter method (2), it is necessary to place the reference object at a desired position in the three-dimensional model data as in the above-described cutting mode, and to have the operator specify the path length on the reference object.

The flow of the distance mode measurement processing shown in FIG.
In the chart, the position and direction of the reference object are calculated in step 157, and the reference object having the reference object set in the position and direction calculated in step 158 is displayed.
In step 61, the section data of the cut surface of the three-dimensional model when the reference object is set in the position and the direction is calculated. These procedures are based on the above-mentioned “reference object display mode processing”.
It conforms to the procedure of “Disconnect mode processing”. When the section data of the desired posture is calculated as described above, step 15
A three-point input receiving processing mode or a two-point receiving processing mode consisting of steps 0 to 156 is executed. After executing these processes, the 3
The path length composed of points is measured, and the path measured in step 157 is displayed. The path length measured in step 158 is calculated by using the linear distance
It is displayed on the surface distance gauge 3186.

<Switching between two-point input mode and three-point input mode>"Switching between two-point input mode and three-point input mode"
Is performed to switch between the linear distance calculation in the three-dimensional space and the plane distance calculation in the three-dimensional model. In step 150 of FIG. 12, the processor 10 determines whether the three-point input mode is set or the two-point input mode is set. When the two-point input mode is set, the processor 10 accepts a two-point input in steps 153 and 154. When two points are input, the processor 10 calculates the linear distance between the two points input in step 155, and displays it on the linear distance / surface distance gauge 3186 of the measuring processing operation panel 3170.

If the three-point input mode has been set, the flow shifts to step 151. At step 151, the processor 10 determines whether three clicks have already been made on the canvas or viewer. If not, go to step 156. If not, 3
The process proceeds to step 152 to execute the point input receiving process.

<Three-point input receiving process> The three-point input receiving process is a method of specifying a route by using a canvas.
It consists of (1) and a method (2) of specifying a route by a viewer. FIG. 13 shows the former flowchart, and FIG. 14 shows the latter flowchart. The three-point input receiving process using the canvas will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Upon transition to this flowchart, the processor 10 enters the event waiting state in step 191. If the mouse is clicked here, the process moves from step 191 to step 170. In step 170, it is determined whether the click position is inside or outside the canvas. The positional relationship between the click position and the display surface is controlled by the GUI system 7, and the processor 10 makes an inside / outside determination by inquiring the GUI system 7. If the inside of the canvas is clicked, the process proceeds to step 170. If the location pointed to by the cursor is within the canvas, the process proceeds from step 170 to a series of determination steps from step 171 to step 173. If “Yes” is obtained in any of the steps in this list, steps 174, 180, 18
6 is selectively executed.

At step 171, it is determined whether or not the count value of the CANVAS counter is 0. At step 172, it is determined whether or not the count value of the CANVAS counter is 1, and at step 172
Then, it is determined whether the count value of the CANVAS counter is 2.
The CANVAS counter is a counter for counting the number of clicks on the canvas so far. If the current count value is 0, the process proceeds to step 174.

At step 174, the processor 10
Detects the start point coordinates in the canvas coordinate system from the click position, and in step 175, plots the start point on the start point coordinates. The canvas is shown as an example in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 34B, and if the contour is clicked, this point on the contour indicated by the cursor is detected in step 174. FIG. 34 shows the detected location.
As shown in (b), the starting point 3451 is plotted. After plotting, the process proceeds to step 176. The processor 10 converts the start point coordinates into the viewer coordinate system in step 176. After the conversion, in step 177, the start point is plotted at the start point coordinates in the viewer coordinate system. With this plot, a start point 3451 appears in the viewer as shown in FIG. At step 178, POPUP instruction 1 is displayed. At step 179, CA
Increments the NVAS counter. The contents of the POPUP instruction 1 are shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 35A, the POPUP instruction 1 is a message asking the operator to input a second point on the canvas. As shown in FIG. 35, in the present system, a POPUP instruction 2 for asking the third input to the canvas (FIG. 35 (b)), and a POPUP instruction to the operator to input the second to third points to the viewer 3, P
OPUP instruction 4 is prepared (FIG. 35 (c))
(D)).

When the processing of steps 174 to 179 is completed, the flow shifts to step 191 to wait for input of the second and third points. Here, when the second point is clicked on the canvas, the processing of steps 180 to 185 is performed, and when the third point is clicked on the canvas, the processing of steps 180 to 185 is performed. The processing of steps 180 to 185 merely replaces the processing for the start point with the processing for the end point. When the end point is input, two paths appear on the contour line on the reference object. If one of the two paths is clicked, the process moves to steps 186 to 190.
The processing of steps 186 to 190 detects the clicked position as a passing point. Of the two routes, the side where the passing point is detected is a target of the distance calculation.
The processing in steps 186 to 190 is the same as the processing for the starting point except that the CANVAS counter is reset (step 190).

The above steps 180 to 185,
When steps 186 to 190 are executed, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4B, the end point 345 is displayed in the canvas.
2. The passing point 3453 is plotted. The plot on the canvas allows the operator to specify the exact path to be measured. Similarly, end point 3 in the viewer
452, the passing point 3453 is plotted. With the display in the viewer, it is possible to visually confirm which part of the three-dimensional model data the position designated by the cursor is.

If the operator clicks on the viewer, step 170 in FIG. 13 is No, step 200 and step 201 in FIG. 14 are Yes and step 2
Shift to 06. In step 206, the starting point position on the three-dimensional model data is specified from the clicked position using the viewer system mapping information as a clue. The viewer system mapping information is information in which the XY coordinates on the viewer correspond to which part of the three-dimensional model data. If a position on the viewer is clicked, the three-dimensional coordinates of the starting point are determined using the viewer system mapping information as a clue. Similarly, in steps 207 to 208, the end point and the passing point are plotted.
When the above plotting is performed, in step 209, the reference object is arranged so as to pass through these three-point coordinates in the viewer system coordinates. Specifically, the X axis of the reference object is arranged in the direction from the start point to the end point, and the Y axis of the reference object is arranged in the direction from the middle point of the start point to the end point toward the passing point.

<Path Length Measurement Processing> The path length measurement is simply performed by integrating the line segment length from the start point to the end point through the passing point. The path length measurement processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In this flowchart, “Length of path” means start, end,
This is a variable for storing the length of the route consisting of passing points. When the process shifts to the present flowchart, the processor 10 initializes the process by substituting 0 for the path length Len in step 210. Subsequently, in step 211, the processor 10 obtains a line segment sequence including a start point, an end point, and a passing point. The start point, end point, and passing point are shown in FIG.
In the case of the example shown in the explanatory diagram of (b), reference numerals 3451, 3451 on the contour indicated by reference numeral 3453.
A route passing through the points designated by 453 and 3452 is obtained. Since the route has been determined in this way, the process proceeds to step 212. A step 212 controls the process of the step 213 to be repeated from the start point to the end point. Step 2
At 13, the processor 10 calculates the distance between the combinations and adds it to the path length Len. When this processing is repeated for all the intersections from the start point to the end point, 3 points indicated by the cursor in the flowchart of FIG.
The path length through the point is measured.

<Route Display Process> FIG. 16 is a flowchart of the route display process. The procedure of the route display process in FIG. 16 is not much different from that of the cross-section display except that the route including the start point, the pass point, and the end point shown in FIG. 9 is color-coded. In step 223, the designated path is displayed in the canvas in a different thickness or color from other line drawings.
Also, the path specified in the viewer is displayed in a different thickness or color from other line drawings. Then, the calculated path length is displayed on the linear distance / surface distance gauge 3186 with four significant figures, and the distance mode processing is completed.

<Volume mode processing> The flow chart of FIG.
The volume mode will be described with reference to FIG. When the flow shifts to the present flowchart, in step 230, a defect inspection of the three-dimensional model data is performed using the Euler polyhedron theorem. The Euler polyhedron theorem shows that the relation of (number of faces) + (number of vertices) = (number of sides) +2 is satisfied in a polyhedron without defects. As another method of defect inspection, there is a method of checking connection of vertices in a polygon mesh.

The above-described loss inspection is performed in order to switch the volume calculation procedure according to the presence or absence of the loss. That is, if there is no loss, the volume is obtained by high-speed calculation, and if there is a loss, the calculation accuracy is prioritized at the expense of speed. In this embodiment, the algorithm is automatically switched. However, the determination result may be displayed and manually switched. In this case, the presence or absence of the loss may be determined, the determination result may be displayed, and after the determination result is displayed, the switching of the volume calculation procedure by the operator may be accepted.

<Volume calculation by polyhedral approximation (when there is no loss)
> If the three-dimensional model has no defect, calculate the volume by "polyhedral approximation". Here, the polyhedron is a polyhedron formed from the origin in the viewer system coordinates and the vertices of the three-dimensional model, and the shapes are shown in FIGS. FIG.
The polyhedron of FIG. 8 (c) has an origin in viewer system coordinates,
The polyhedron shown in FIG. 38E is composed of the origin in the viewer system coordinates and the back vertex of the three-dimensional model shown in FIG. 38A. The front side of the three-dimensional model in FIG. 38A refers to the front side of the vertices T1, T2, T3, and T4 of the surface of the three-dimensional model data when viewed from the origin in the viewer coordinate system, and the back side refers to the front side of the three-dimensional model data. Of them, it is behind the vertices T1, T2, T3, T4. The volume of the three-dimensional model is calculated by calculating the volume of the front and back polyhedrons and further taking the difference.

If the inspection at step 230 proves that there is no defect, the process shifts to step 500 of FIG. 36 via step 231. In the flowchart of FIG. 36, "volume V" is a variable for storing the volume of a tetrahedron composed of three vertices of the polygon mesh and the origin. “Volume Vol1” and “Volume Vol2” are variables for calculating the sum of the volumes stored in “Volume V”. The procedure of this flowchart will be described with reference to the three-dimensional model shown in FIG.

At step 500, the processor 10 divides the polygon mesh into triangles and sets the volume Vol1 to zero. Subsequently, in step 502, steps 503 to 5 are performed for all the polygon meshes on the front side.
Control to repeat step 06 is performed. In step 503, the processor 10 calculates a vector directed from the origin O of the viewer system to the triangular polygon meshes N1, N2, N3. After the calculation, the processor 10 calculates the triple product of the vector ON1, the vector ON2, and the vector ON3 in step 504. In step 505, the volume V of the tetrahedrons ON1, N2, N3 is calculated by taking the absolute value of the triple product and dividing by six. By this step, the tetrahedrons ON1, N shown in FIG.
2, The volume V of N3 is calculated. In step 506, the calculated volume V is added to the volume Vol1. When these processes are repeated for all the polygon meshes on the front side in step 502, the origin and the vertices T1 and T1 shown in FIG.
The volume of the solid consisting of 2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 is determined.

Step 507 controls so that the processing of steps 508 to 511 is repeated for all the polygon meshes on the back side. At step 508, the processor 10 calculates a vector from the origin O of the viewer system to the triangular polygon meshes N4, N5, N6. After the calculation, in step 509, the vector ON4 and the vector ON
5, calculate the triple product of the vector ON6, take the absolute value of the triple product and divide by 6 to obtain the volume V of the tetrahedrons ON4, N5, N6
Is calculated. In this step, the volume of the tetrahedron shown in FIG. In step 510, the calculated volume V is added to the volume Vol2. When these processes are repeated for all the polygon meshes on the back side in step 507, as shown in FIG. 38 (e), the volume of the solid consisting of the origin and the vertices T1, T2, T3, T4, T7, T8 becomes I get it.

In step 512, the volume Vo2 is changed from the volume Vol2.
Reduce l1. As a result, the volume of the three-dimensional model data shown in FIG. In step 260, the calculated volume is used as the measuring process operation panel 317.
It is displayed on a volume gauge 3182 of 0. <Danger of Volume Calculation by Polyhedral Approximation> If the volume is calculated for the three-dimensional model data having a defect by the procedure shown in FIG. 36, the theoretical value may be far from the theoretical value. The cause of this will be described with reference to FIG. In the case of measuring the volume of the three-dimensional model data in FIG. 29 (a), if there are polygon meshes facing each other as shown in FIG. 29 (b), the three-dimensional model is obtained by taking the difference between the backside and front side tetrahedral volumes. The model data volume can be measured. However, if the portions corresponding to the polygon meshes N4, N5, and N6 are missing in FIG. 29C, the procedure of FIG. 36 calculates the tetrahedrons ON1, N2, and N3 as a part of the three-dimensional model data. Would. If a portion that is not originally included in the three-dimensional model data is included in the volume, the volume is far from the theoretical value. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when it is determined that there is a loss, the procedure of calculating the volume is changed to step 232 in FIG.
To step 238.

<Volume Calculation by Planar Body Approximation> When there is a defect in the three-dimensional model, the volume is calculated by plane body approximation. Here, the term "Yu-plane" refers to a plurality of planes generated by slicing a three-dimensional model in the Z-axis direction with a small value ΔZ, an example of which is shown in FIG. Each plane object is sliced by the reference object, and its cross section is expressed as cross-sectional data. The area is calculated by the cross-sectional area measurement processing shown in FIG.

In steps 232 to 236, the “width Δz” is the minute width given to the three-dimensional model data sliced by the reference object, and the “volume Vol” is the volume of the three-dimensional model data corresponding to the “width Δz”. This is a variable to be stored. In step 232, the processor 1
0 places the reference object at the bottom of the three-dimensional model data, and sets 0 to the volume Vol in step 233. Step 23
In step 4, control is performed such that the processing in steps 235 to 238 is repeated for the height of the three-dimensional model data. At step 235, the processor 10 calculates the section data. The cross-sectional data is calculated based on the procedure of the flowcharts in FIGS. After execution of step 235, the process proceeds to step 236. At step 236, processor 10 calculates the cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area calculation is also calculated based on the procedure of the flowchart of FIG. The flowchart of FIG. 10 is for calculating the cross-sectional area by polygonal approximation. In the polygonal approximation, even if there is a defect on the surface of the three-dimensional model, it is approximated by a triangle assuming that the defective part does not originally exist. In the example of FIG. 30, even if an intersection (indicated by a circle in the drawing) that should have existed due to the lack of a vertex does not exist on the reference object, the area of the triangle not including the intersection (shaded line) Section)
Is recorded in the cross-sectional area.

After execution of step 236, step 237
Move to In step 237, the reference object is slid in the positive z-axis direction by the width Δz. After slide step 238
, A calculation of volume Vol + cross-sectional area × width Δz is performed, and the result is substituted for volume Vol. Through the above processing, the three-dimensional model data is sliced into a plurality of plate members having a thickness Δ, and the volume of each plate member is obtained by the calculation of cross-sectional area × width Δz. As shown in FIG. 30, the sum of the volumes in the Z-axis direction is calculated and output as the volume of the three-dimensional model data. The volume of the three-dimensional model data is displayed on the volume gauge 3182 with four significant digits, and the volume mode processing ends.

<Center-of-gravity position mode processing> The center-of-gravity position mode processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the flow shifts to the present flowchart, in step 250 in FIG. 18, the defect inspection of the three-dimensional model data is performed using the Euler polyhedron theorem. The specific inspection contents are shown in Fig. 1.
Since it is the same as that of step 230 of step 7, detailed description is omitted. When it is determined in step 251 that there is no defect, FIG.
The process branches to a flowchart of FIG.

The processing at the time of no loss will be described with reference to the three-dimensional model data shown in FIG. In this flowchart, the "center of gravity Wn" is a variable for storing the position of the center of gravity of a tetrahedron composed of three vertices of the polygon mesh and the origin. The “weighted sum Wgt1” and “weighted sum Wgt2” are variables for calculating the weighted sum of the centroids stored in the “centroid Wn”. “Volume sum Vsum1” and “Volume sum Vsum2” are variables for calculating the sum of the volumes of the tetrahedron. As in FIG.
In (a), the front side refers to the front side of the vertices T1, T2, T3, and T4 of the surface of the three-dimensional model data as viewed from the origin, and the back side refers to the vertices T1, T2, T3, and T4
More behind.

At step 531, the polygon mesh is divided into triangles. After execution of step 531,
The process proceeds to step 550, where 0 is set to the weighted sums Wgt1 and Wgt2, and the volume sums Vsum1 and Vsum2 are set to 0 in step 544.
Set to. In step 532, control is performed such that the processing of steps 533 to 536 and step 551 is repeated for all the polygon meshes on the front side. In step 533, a vector from the origin O of the viewer system to the triangular polygon meshes N1, N2, N3 is calculated. In step 534, the center of gravity Wn of the tetrahedron ON1N2N3 is calculated.

The position of the center of gravity of the tetrahedron whose coordinates of the three vertices are (xi, yi, zi) (i = 1, 2, 3) is (x1 + x2 + x3 / 3, y1 + y2 + y3 / 3,
z1 + z2 + z3 / 3). By performing such a calculation, the center-of-gravity position W1 shown in FIG. 39B is calculated. In step 535, the volume V1 of the tetrahedron ON1N2N3
Is calculated, and in step 536, the center of gravity Wn is multiplied by the volume V1, and this is added to the weighted sum Wgt1. Step 551
Then, the value of the volume V1 is added to the value of the volume Vsum1, and the volume sum1
Substitute for The above steps 533 to 536,
The process of step 551 is repeated for all the polygon meshes on the front side. By repeating this, FIG.
As shown in (c), the center of gravity of the solid formed by the origin and the vertices T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 is calculated by being weighted by the volume V1.

In step 538, control is performed such that the processing of steps 539 to 542 and step 552 is repeated for all the polygon meshes on the back side. In step 539, a vector from the origin O of the viewer system to the triangular polygon meshes N4, N5, N6 is calculated. In step 540, the center of gravity Wn of the tetrahedron ON4N5N6 is calculated. In step 541, the volume V of the tetrahedron ON4N5N6 is calculated. In step 542, a value obtained by multiplying the weighted sum Wgt2 by the center of gravity Wn and the volume V2 is added. In step 552, the volume Vsum2
Is added to the value of the volume V2, and the result is substituted for the volume sum Vsum2.

The above steps 539 to 542,
The process of step 552 is repeated for all the polygon meshes on the back side. After repeating this, FIG.
As shown in (c), the volume of the solid including the origin and the vertices T1, T2, T3, T4, T7, and T8 is obtained. Subsequently, in step 545, the weighted sum Wgt1-the weighted sum Wgt2 is calculated to obtain the center of gravity of the three-dimensional model. Finally, at step 543, (Wgt1-Wgt
2) An operation of / (Vsum1-Vsum2) is performed to obtain the center of gravity of the three-dimensional model.

Next, a case where it is determined in step 251 of FIG. 18 that there is a defect will be described. If it is determined that there is a loss, the process proceeds to step 252 in FIG. Then step 253
Move to Step 254 controls a loop mechanism that repeats the processing of steps 255 to 258 by the height of the three-dimensional model data. In step 255, the processor 10 calculates the cross-sectional data, and in step 256, calculates the cross-sectional area. After calculating the cross-sectional area, the process proceeds to step 257, and the center of gravity in the cross-section is calculated. After the calculation, the process shifts to step 258 to slide the reference object by the width Δz in the z-axis direction. When this processing is repeated for the height of the three-dimensional model data, the processor 10 calculates a weighted average of the centroids in step 259 using the cross-sectional area as a weight. In step 260, the calculated center of gravity position is displayed on the center of gravity gauge 3183 of the measuring processing operation panel 3170 with four significant figures, and the center of gravity mode process ends.

<Surface Area Mode> The surface area mode will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In this flowchart, the polygon mesh is divided into triangles in steps 271 and 275. In step 244, the area of the divided triangle is calculated. Since this triangle is composed of three vertices PiPjPk, its area can be obtained by taking the outer product of the PiPj vector and PiPk.

After calculating the cross product in steps 271, 274 to 276, the process proceeds to step 272. In step 272, the sum of the determined areas is determined. Subsequently, the flow shifts to step 273, where the total is displayed as a surface area on the surface area gauge 3184 of the measuring processing operation panel 3170 with four significant figures. As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to calculate the path length, the cross-sectional area, the volume, and the position of the center of gravity of a desired portion of a measurement target expressed as a three-dimensional model.

In this embodiment, the measurement is read optically, but three-dimensional data created by a modeler or the like may be used. Further, in the present embodiment, the three-dimensional model data is constituted by a polygon mesh, but the three-dimensional model data may be expressed in another format. Specific examples include voxel data, a plurality of contour data, surface data in parametric expression such as NURBS, CAD data, and the like.

[0080]

As described above, according to the three-dimensional data processing system of the present invention, while displaying the three-dimensional model, the cutting plane for cutting the three-dimensional model is moved and rotated by the specifying means. If the desired position and angle are set, the cut surface of the three-dimensional model cut by the cut plane is displayed, so the cut surface of the three-dimensional model at the position and angle that the user wants to know, It can be obtained by a single operation of designating a cutting plane, can meet recent demands in the medical field, the field of clothing sewing technology, and the like, and contributes to a significant improvement in work efficiency in the field.

In this case, when the cutting plane is designated, the three-dimensional data of the three-dimensional model is coordinate-transformed into a new coordinate system using the cutting plane as a coordinate reference plane, and the data cutting is performed in the converted three-dimensional data. By extracting data on the same plane as the plane and displaying it as a cut of the three-dimensional model, the data of the cut plane always exists on the coordinate reference plane, so the subsequent calculation processing is very simple. There is an advantage that it becomes.

In addition, depending on the method of producing the three-dimensional data, when a three-dimensional model is displayed, a defect such as the presence of a hole on the model surface may be included. It is determined whether or not there is a loss, and if there is a loss, the display method of the cutting result is switched, so that an optimum display method can be adopted depending on the presence or absence of the loss.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of a three-dimensional data processing system.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a main module 8;

FIG. 3 is a main flowchart of a measuring process.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a reference object display process.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an outline of a cutting mode.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a cross-section data calculation process.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of “connection process between intersections”;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the “connection process of a line segment sequence”.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a cross-section display process.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a cross-sectional area measurement process.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a contour length measuring process.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a distance mode measurement process.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a three-point input receiving process.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a three-point input receiving process.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of a path length measurement process.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a route display process.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart of volume mode processing.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a center-of-gravity position mode process;

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of a surface area mode process.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between a three-dimensional model and a measurement target.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a data structure of stereo model data.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a display example of the display 4.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a correspondence between a coordinate system in a viewer and a coordinate system in a canvas.

FIG. 24A is a perspective view of a reference object. (B) is a diagram showing a data structure of a reference object.

FIG. 25 (a) is a diagram showing a change in posture of a reference object. FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating sliding of the position of the reference object.

26A to 26C are diagrams showing intersections between a reference object and a polygon mesh and line segments between the intersections.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents on the reference object at the time of connecting the line segments.

FIG. 28A is an explanatory diagram showing a contour length measurement process on a reference object. (B) It is explanatory drawing which shows the area measurement process in a reference object.

29 (a) to 29 (c) are diagrams showing the influence of defects during volume measurement.

FIGS. 30A and 30B are diagrams showing a procedure of calculating a volume when a defect exists.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration of a measuring processing operation panel 3170.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a rotation / movement amount input panel.

FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a display example of a viewer and a canvas in a cutting mode.

FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a display example of a viewer and a canvas in a distance mode.

FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example of a POPUP instruction.

FIG. 36 is a flowchart of volume calculation when there is no defect.

FIG. 37 is a flowchart for calculating the position of the center of gravity when there is no defect.

FIGS. 38 (a) to 38 (e) are explanatory diagrams showing procedures for calculating a volume by polyhedral approximation.

39 (a) to (e) are explanatory diagrams showing the procedure of calculating the center of gravity position by polyhedral approximation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical measurement part 2 Measurement object modeling part 3 Disk device 4 Display 5 Mouse 6 Keyboard 7 System 8 Main module 9 Measuring module 10 Processor

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A first display means for displaying a three-dimensional model defined by three-dimensional data on a predetermined display screen, and a cutting plane designating means for designating a cutting plane for cutting the three-dimensional model at a desired position and angle. Second display means for displaying the cutting plane designated by the cutting plane designation means on the same display screen as the three-dimensional model; and second display means for displaying a result of cutting the three-dimensional model according to the designated cutting plane. 3. A three-dimensional data processing system comprising: (3) a display unit; 2. The three-dimensional data processing system according to claim 1, wherein the degree of freedom of designating the cutting plane by the cutting plane designating means is 6. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second display means displays three orthogonal axes independent of the display coordinates of the three-dimensional data and a plane including the two axes as a cutting plane. The three-dimensional data processing system according to claim 2, wherein 4. The third display means is a two-dimensional viewer, and the cutting plane designating means converts the three-dimensional data of the three-dimensional model into a new coordinate system using the cutting plane as a reference plane of coordinates. 4. The three-dimensional data processing according to claim 3, further comprising: a coordinate conversion unit; and an output unit that outputs data on the same plane as the cutting plane among the three-dimensional data after the coordinate conversion to a third display unit. system. 5. A means for determining whether there is a defect in three-dimensional data on the same plane as the cutting plane, and a switching means for switching a display method of a three-dimensional model cutting result by a third display means according to the determination result. The three-dimensional data processing system according to claim 4, comprising: 6. A three-dimensional data processing system according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of said third display means are provided, and each of said third display means displays a different cut surface at the same magnification. .