JPH1034175A - Sewage purifying tank - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sewage purifying tank high in use efficiency, not generating a problem an offensive smell or spoilage even before an earthquake disaster and capable of obtaining water utilized as water (reclaimed water) for a toilet at a time of disaster and capable of being utilized for initial fire fighting. SOLUTION: A sewage purifying tank has a toilet 7 of facilities including a park for a refuse place of residents at a time of disaster, an established toilet 8, a raw water tank 1 receiving sewage such as excretion or living waste water discharged from a living place of residents, an elution tank 3 packed with a filler constituted of at least soil molded objects based on humus soil and pumice containing elusive silca components or rubbles thereof, a reaction aeration tank 2 receiving sewage from the raw water tank 1 and performing biological treatment in the presence of the liquid eluted from the elution tank 3, a sedimentation tank 4 subjecting sludge sent from the reaction aeration tank 2 to solid-liquid separation, a water tank 5 storing the supernatant soln. of the sedimentation tank 4 and a reclaimed water tank 6 storing water of the water tank 5 in order to utilize the same as reclaimed water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sewage treatment tank, and more particularly, to a sewage treatment tank which does not cause odor or rot even before an earthquake disaster occurs, and water for toilets (medium water) during the earthquake disaster.
The present invention relates to a sewage treatment tank capable of obtaining water that can be used as a fire or used for initial fire extinguishing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the 1995 Kobe Earthquake, how to use toilets after an earthquake has become a problem in maintaining the lives of evacuees. Regarding toilets after the earthquake, evacuees had to live in temporary housing in the park,
Necessity of disaster prevention park in consideration of disaster prevention is mentioned. One of the important factors in planning a disaster prevention park is to secure water for toilets. It is almost impossible to use tap water for toilets because it is the best way to secure the amount of tap water used for drinking and the like.

Another important factor in planning a disaster prevention park is the treatment of night soil and domestic wastewater. In the truck,
It is practically difficult to deal with because of its large volume,
Processing at each disaster prevention park is required.

[0004] In view of the fact that a public toilet is provided in a park serving as an evacuation site, the present inventor treats sewage from the public toilet in a septic tank provided in each park, and treats the treated water. I thought about using it as toilet water after the earthquake.

However, the conventional concept of a septic tank is based on the standard activated sludge method, and therefore has a problem of odor, and it is difficult to operate in a normal park. Also,
At the time of the earthquake, the odor is not desirable because the park will be a place for the evacuees to live.

[0006] On the other hand, the problem during the earthquake disaster is to secure water for initial fire extinguishing, but the number of fire prevention water tanks is still small. The present inventor considered storing and storing treated water of a septic tank installed in each park.However, treated water of a septic tank based on the standard activated sludge method described above has a drawback that it easily rots, It is difficult to store at all times before the disaster.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to prevent the problem of odor and decay even before the occurrence of the earthquake, and to use it as toilet water (medium water) at the time of the earthquake. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sewage purification tank capable of obtaining water usable for initial fire extinguishing.

[0008]

A sewage treatment tank according to the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems is provided with a toilet provided in a facility including a park where residents are evacuated in the event of an earthquake, a toilet newly provided after the earthquake, and a toilet for residents. Filled with a raw water tank that receives human waste and sewage such as domestic wastewater discharged from the place of life, and a filler composed at least of pumice containing humus and a pumice containing eluting silica component or crushed stone thereof A reaction tank for receiving wastewater from the raw water tank and conducting biological treatment with an eluate from the tank, and a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation of sludge sent from the reaction aeration tank. It is characterized by having a water tank for storing the supernatant of the tank for initial fire extinguishing, and a middle water tank for storing water in the water tank as middle water.

Preferably, a series of layers of a raw water tank, an elution tank, a reaction aeration tank, a sedimentation tank, and a water storage tank are buried in the ground, and a seismic material is attached to an outer periphery of the series of tanks. is there.

Further, a sedimentation tank body is formed by inserting a mortar-shaped elastic rubber sedimentation tank main body having an inclined bottom surface and expanding upward into a cylindrical concrete tank having an opening at an upper part, It is preferable that the sedimentation tank main body floats in the treated water derived from the water storage tank, and more preferably, it is preferable that an elastic rubber sedimentation tank main body be provided with a support portion for loosely suspending the sedimentation tank main body. When the level of the treated water derived from the tank is lowered, the lower part of the upper part of the sedimentation tank main body is determined by the support part, and inside the concrete tank, the concrete tank is divided into two tanks by partition walls, The sedimentation tank main body is inserted into one of the tanks partitioned by the partition wall to form a sedimentation tank, the other tank is used as a water storage tank, and the outside of the sedimentation tank main body is cut by a notch provided below the partition wall. The water tank communicates Is Rukoto.

Further, a raw water tank, an elution tank, a reaction aeration tank and a sedimentation tank made of an elastic rubber are provided inside the concrete tank, and the outside of each of the elastic rubber tanks and the inside of the concrete tank are a water tank and a water tank. It is preferable that the tank is an intermediate water tank, and more preferably, a support is provided on each of the elastic rubber tanks to gently suspend each of the elastic rubber tanks, so that the surface of the treated water guided from the water storage tank is raised. When lowered, by the support,
The lower limit of the upper portion of each elastic rubber tank is to be determined.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The sewage purification tank of the present invention is provided in a facility including a park where residents are evacuated in the event of an earthquake, and is mainly composed of a raw water tank 1, a reaction aeration tank 2, an elution tank 3, a sedimentation tank 4, a water storage tank 5, and an intermediate water tank. 6
Consists of

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 7 denotes a toilet provided beforehand in a facility including a park where residents are evacuated in the event of an earthquake, 8 is a newly installed toilet after the earthquake, and 9 is a temporary housing (including a tent) for the evacuated residents. ).

Sewage such as night soil and domestic wastewater is first received from the sewage supply pipe 10 into the raw water tank 1. In the present invention, sewage such as human waste and domestic wastewater refers to toilets provided in advance in facilities including parks where residents are evacuated in the event of an earthquake, toilets newly installed after the earthquake, and human waste discharged from places where residents live. And domestic wastewater. Therefore, the sewage supply pipe 10 normally receives the night soil and the hand washing water from the toilet 7, and in the event of an earthquake, the night water discharged from the newly built toilet 8 and the temporary housing 9 in addition to the toilet 7 during the earthquake disaster, Drainage is acceptable.

At the end of the sewage supply pipe 10, a solid matter removing device 11 is provided.
Relatively large solids in sewage such as domestic wastewater are removed. As the solid removing device, for example, a device having a shape described in JP-A-7-171852 can be used.

The sewage from which solids have been removed is sent from a raw water tank 1 to a reaction aeration tank 2. In the reaction aeration tank 2, the eluate eluted from the filling section 12 of the elution tank 3 is sent, and biological treatment is performed. Reference numeral 13 denotes an air diffuser provided below the elution tank 3.

The pumice containing a leaching silica component filled in the filling portion 12 is a clay mineral or a volcanic rock containing a silica component that can be leached into water. In the present invention, the pumice may be used as it is, or may be crushed and used.

The soil compact mainly composed of humus is a pellet obtained by mixing, drying, and molding a humus or a binder containing an eluting silica component. May contain other inorganic materials (for example, minerals such as magnesium and calcium), elution restricting agents and the like. The inclusion of minerals has the effect of promoting the growth of useful microorganisms described below. In addition, when an elution-restricting agent is contained, the time required for the pellet to elute into water can be controlled, and the replenishment time can be controlled. The shape of the pellet may be any of a cylinder, a prism, a disk, and the like.

[0020] In addition to the above, the filler of the present invention may contain a solidified filter material obtained by impregnating a humus soil powder, granules or humus eluate with a pumice powder containing an eluting silica component. Good.

In the present invention, the biological treatment means that, first, the wastewater from which the solid matter has been removed and the eluate are introduced, and the components contained in the eluate contact the organic matter in the wastewater, The purpose of the present invention is to set and promote an environment in which useful microorganisms having a function of decomposing and assimilating according to the organic matter and the odorous component inhabit.

Here, setting and promoting the environment in which the useful microorganisms inhabit means that, if the useful microorganisms themselves exist in advance, the environmental conditions in which the useful microorganisms inhabit and proliferate are adjusted. When only spores of a useful microorganism are present, the spores are germinated and the environmental conditions for growing and growing the useful microorganism are adjusted.

When useful microorganisms are present in the soil compact, the useful microorganisms can inhabit in the reaction aeration tank 2 using organic matter as a nutrient source, and the growth environment of the useful microorganisms depends on the elution components of the humus. Be maintained.

On the other hand, when no useful microorganisms are present, the microorganisms or spores mixed in the sludge are used as a nutrient source of organic matter to make the useful microorganisms a preferred species by the action of the components contained in the soil compact. It can be adapted to occupy and proliferate.

Second, organic substances are decomposed and assimilated by the useful microorganisms grown as described above. The above is the biological treatment.

As odor components in the treatment of night soil and the like,
Examples include ammonia, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and methyl disulfide. The present invention is characterized in that a useful microorganism having a function of decomposing and assimilating according to these odor components and organic substances serving as odor components is used as a treatment medium. Therefore, the sewage treatment tank of the present invention can solve the problem of odor, can be installed in a park or the like, and can be constantly operated.

This useful microorganism has a property capable of sterilizing non-useful bacteria (for example, Escherichia coli, spoilage bacteria, etc.), and the treated water according to the present invention is in a sterilized state. This is thought to be due not only to the action of useful microorganisms but also to the action of metabolites emitted by useful microorganisms. Therefore, the treated water according to the present invention has antibacterial properties, and solves the problem of spoilage in the water tank.

The component eluted from the pumice containing the eluting silica component has an effect of growing useful microorganisms as described above, for unknown reasons. Further, the component eluted from the pumice containing the eluting silica component also has an effect of improving the sedimentation of sludge described later.

In the present invention, in order to sufficiently exert the action of the useful microorganisms or metabolites thereof, an aeration tube 13 is provided below the reaction aeration tank 2 to perform aeration. It is more preferable because it promotes an environment that is easy to perform.

The filling portion 12 may have any shape so that the above-mentioned filler is easily eluted, but is preferably a filling portion as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, a filling portion 12 is a net-like container 21 formed of a corrosion-resistant material such as synthetic fiber, stainless steel, FRP, and the like. Is provided, and an air supply pipe from the outside is connected to the diffuser 23. The filler is filled above the diffuser 23, but the diffuser 23 and the portion to be filled with the filler may or may not be partitioned. Further, the portion to be filled with the filler may be partitioned by a partition member, or a plurality of fillers may be mixed and filled without being partitioned.

Air is supplied from the diffuser 23,
The filler 24 such as a soil compact mainly composed of humus is easily eluted efficiently. The container 21 has a hanging chain 25 attached to the upper part thereof, and can be attached to the lid of the sewage treatment tank of the present invention.

After the biological treatment is performed in the reaction aeration tank 2,
The solution is sent to the precipitation tank 4. In the sedimentation tank 4, the sludge sent from the reaction aeration tank 2 is settled by gravity and solid-liquid separation is performed. The present invention is characterized in that the flocculation of sludge is promoted by the action of the component eluted from the pumice containing the above-mentioned eluting silica component, and the sedimentation is quickly carried out.

As the sedimentation tank 4, a general concrete thickener can be used, but a sedimentation tank as shown in FIG. 3 can also be formed. In FIG. 3, a sedimentation tank main body 14 made of a mortar-shaped elastic rubber whose bottom is inclined and which opens upward is inserted into a cylindrical concrete tank 4 a having an opening at the top, and the sedimentation tank 4 is formed. The embodiment formed is shown.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the sedimentation tank main body 14 is made of a mortar-shaped elastic rubber whose bottom is inclined and which is opened upward. The mortar shape with the bottom sloped and expanded upward is a preferred form for a sedimentation tank that sediments sludge and separates solid and liquid.If this shape is to be manufactured with concrete, the lower part will be completely filled with concrete, The lower part cannot be used as a water storage tank. By using elastic rubber, for example, even if water in the water storage tank flows out and the water pressure balance between the sedimentation tank and the lower part changes, the elastic rubber sedimentation tank main body flexibly responds to changes in water pressure. In addition, overload is prevented from being applied to a part of the settling tank. Also, if an iron tank is used instead of an elastic rubber, it will rust, and if it is made of stainless steel, the cost increases, which is not preferable.

The elastic rubber body 14 is connected to the concrete tank 4
The method of mounting on a can be preferably performed by the method described below. Elastic rubber body 1
The upper end of 4 is bent outward in a groove shape, and a ring member (not shown) such as stainless steel is inserted into the upper end. A plurality of suspension support portions 31 are attached to the ring member. The support portion 31 is a chain in the illustrated example, but may be another material. The support portion 31 is fixed to a fixing member (not shown). For further reinforcement, several support bands 32 extending from the side surface to the bottom surface of the sedimentation tank main body 14 made of elastic rubber are attached, a plurality of support bands are fixed to the ring member, and the entire elastic rubber main body 14 is supported. Can also. Reference numeral 33 denotes a floating member for lifting the sedimentation tank main body 14, which is provided around the above-mentioned ring member.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the inside of the concrete tank 4a is divided into two tanks by a partition wall 15. The sedimentation tank main body 14 is inserted into one of the tanks partitioned by the partition wall 15 to form a sedimentation tank, and the other tank is the water storage tank 5. A notch 15a provided below the partition wall 15 allows the outside of the sedimentation tank
And the actual capacity of the water storage tank 5 increases, and it can be used as toilet water (medium water) in the event of an earthquake,
Effective for increasing the amount of water available for initial fire fighting.

When treated water is guided from the water storage tank 5 to the outside of the sedimentation tank main body 14 and is present in a large amount, the sedimentation tank main body 14 floats in the above-described treated water. However, when the treated water guided from the water storage tank 5 is used and the water level is lowered, the sedimentation tank main body 14 moves downward with the water level lowered. The sedimentation tank main body 14 depends on the length of the support portion 31.
Since the lower limit of the upper part is set, the shape of the rubber sedimentation tank main body 14 can be prevented from being collapsed and the sludge and the like inside can be prevented from flowing out.

In order to further increase the amount of medium water or water used for initial fire extinguishing, a member shown in FIG. 4 can be provided. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 41 denotes a water pipe;
Has one end communicating with and fixed to the side wall of the sedimentation tank main body 14 (a position above the sludge zone), a water passage hole 42 provided on the side surface near the other end, and a chain 43 provided at the other end. , And has a structure having a float 44. The water pipe 41 is made of a water-impermeable and flexible material such as elastic rubber. In the present device, when the amount of water in the water storage tank 5 decreases, the float 44 lowers with a decrease in the water level (arrow Y). Then, water flows out from the water passage hole 42, and the water in the sedimentation tank main body 14 can also be used as intermediate water or water for initial fire extinguishing of a fire.

The sludge settled in the lower part of the sedimentation tank 4 is withdrawn from the sludge withdrawal pipe 16, sent to the sludge metering tank 17, and returned to the raw water tank 1 and the elution tank 3. The above-mentioned useful microorganisms are present in the settled sludge, and it is preferable to return the useful microorganisms to the raw water tank 1 so that generation of odor can be suppressed. It is also preferable to return the mixture to the reaction aeration tank 2. In returning sludge from the sedimentation tank main body 14, a not-shown thickening tank can be interposed.

The structure of the sludge metering / distribution tank 17 is not particularly limited. The excess sludge is drawn out by a sludge drawing pipe (not shown), and after dehydration, is subjected to fermentation and other treatments, so that it can be used as high-quality compost on farmland and the like.

The supernatant of the sedimentation tank 4 is introduced into a water storage tank 5 or an intermediate water tank 6 through a water pipe. An immersion film or the like may be provided when the liquid is sent from the precipitation tank 4 to the water storage tank 5 and the middle water tank 6. When an immersion film or the like is provided between the sedimentation tank 4 and the water storage tank 5 (intermediate water tank 6), the sludge flowing out from the sedimentation tank 4 is
And it can be prevented from flowing into the middle water tank 6. Further, since the ss is removed from the liquid that has passed through the immersion film or the like, the liquid can be stored in the water storage tank 5 and the intermediate water tank 6 for a long time. Water tank 5
In addition, the water stored in the middle water tank 6 can be used as toilet water (medium water) at the time of the earthquake or for initial fire extinguishing in the event of a fire.

The sewage purifying tank of the present invention can be formed, for example, by a concrete body in which a plurality of concrete units are stacked. As the unit body, for example, FIG.
By combining the intermediate units 101a and 101b shown in FIG. 6 with the bottom unit 102 shown in FIG. 6, one concrete skeleton can be formed. 10 in FIG.
1a is a unit having only an outer frame, and 101b is a unit having a partition wall 103 inside.

Forming each tank by combining a plurality of concrete units as described above reduces the number of molds of the concrete units, enables mass production, and contributes to a reduction in manufacturing costs. In addition, the work process is simplified, and a uniform finish can be obtained without requiring the skill of a worker. Therefore, labor costs are reduced. Further, the number of manufacturing days can be reduced.

In order to manufacture a buried type sewage treatment tank using the above-mentioned unit body, first, as shown in FIG. 7, a hole is dug to a depth and a size which can be buried in an installation site near the toilet 7. Next, the seismic material 18 is installed on the bottom and / or side of the hole. Examples of the earthquake-resistant material include seismic isolation rubber. Next, the bottom unit 102 is attached, an adhesive is applied to the upper surface,
The necessary intermediate unit 101 is placed. Repair the adhesive if necessary. Next, necessary pipes and devices are installed. A flexible joint can be used for piping connected between the tanks. Next, the lid is placed and fixed. As the lid, a lid provided with an opening can be used as required for inspection, cleaning, and the like.

The arrangement of the rectangular concrete bodies can take various arrangements within the scope of solving the problem of the present invention. For example, without using an intermediate unit having a partition wall,
Each tank may be formed of an intermediate unit having no partition wall, and a groove for inserting a partition plate may be provided on an inner side surface of the intermediate unit, and the partition plate may be inserted into the groove.

The concrete unit may be a cylindrical unit other than the square unit. Further, the sewage purification tank of the present invention may be formed by an FRP skeleton. Further, one frame may be divided by a partition wall or the like, and the divided portions may be used as the respective tanks of the present invention.

In the sewage purifying tank of the present invention, an elastic rubber raw water tank 1, a reaction aeration tank 2, an elution tank 3, and a sedimentation tank 4 can be provided inside a concrete tank formed of concrete. The tanks made of elastic rubber may be connected to each other or may be individually provided. When the elastic rubber tanks are used as described above, the outside of each elastic rubber tank and the inside of the concrete tank can be used as the water storage tank 5, and the substantial capacity of the water storage tank 5 increases, so that in the event of an earthquake, It is effective in increasing the amount of water that can be used as toilet water (medium water) and used for initial firefighting.

The elastic rubber tanks can be mounted in the same manner as the sedimentation tank body 14 described above, and the elastic rubber tanks can be provided with a support that is gently hung. In addition, it is possible to prevent the shape of each tank made of the elastic rubber from being collapsed and the sludge or the like from flowing out.

The sewage purification tank of the present invention may have other forms as long as the object of the present invention is solved.

Further, the sewage treatment tank of the present invention has a strong sewage purification action, and the treated water has antibacterial properties, so that it can be sufficiently used as a central water supply. For example, in the case of discharging to the wastewater, it is also possible to perform a sterilization treatment with chlorine so as to comply with the septic tank standards of the Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Since the present sewage purification tank is buried underground, its upper surface can be used for, for example, a parking lot, a park, a green space, and the like.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, even before the occurrence of the earthquake, the problem of odor and rot does not occur,
It is possible to provide a sewage purifying tank that can be used as toilet water (medium water) in the event of an earthquake or water that can be used for initial fire extinguishing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a sewage purification tank according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a filling unit.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a sedimentation tank.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an example of a water pipe;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of an intermediate unit.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a bottom unit body.

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing an installation example of a sewage purification tank of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Raw water tank 2: Reaction aeration tank 3: Elution tank 4: Sedimentation tank 5: Water storage tank 6: Middle water tank 7: Toilet 8: Toilet 9: Temporary house 10: Sludge supply pipe 11: Solid matter removal device 12: Filling unit 13: diffuser pipe 14: sedimentation tank main body 15: partition wall 16: sludge extraction pipe 17: sludge distributing tank 18: seismic material 21: container 22: jet hole 23: diffuser 24: filler 25: chain 31: support section 32 : Support band 33: floating member 41: water pipe 42: water hole 43: chain 44: floating 101 a, 101 b: intermediate unit 102: bottom unit 103: partition wall

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A toilet that receives wastewater such as human waste and domestic wastewater discharged from toilets provided in advance in facilities including parks where residents are evacuated in the event of an earthquake, new toilets after the earthquake, and places of living for residents. A water tank, an elution tank filled with a filler formed at least by a pumice or a crushed stone containing a soil compact and a dissolvable silica component mainly composed of humus, and receiving sewage from the raw water tank and from the elution tank. A reaction aeration tank for performing biological treatment with an eluate of the above, a sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation of sludge sent from the reaction aeration tank, and a supernatant of the sedimentation tank is stored for initial fire extinguishing. A sewage treatment tank comprising a water storage tank and an intermediate water tank for storing water in the water storage tank as intermediate water. 2. A series of tanks including a raw water tank, an elution tank, a reaction aeration tank, a sedimentation tank, a water storage tank, and a middle water tank are buried under the ground, and a seismic material is attached to an outer periphery of each series of tanks. The sewage purification tank according to claim 1, wherein: 3. A sedimentation tank is formed by inserting a mortar-shaped elastic rubber sedimentation tank main body having an inclined bottom and expanding upward into a cylindrical concrete tank having an opening at an upper side. The sewage purification tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sedimentation tank main body is floated in the treatment water guided from the water storage tank by a floating member that floats the sedimentation tank main body. 4. A support portion for gently suspending the sedimentation tank main body is provided on the elastic rubber sedimentation tank main body, and when the level of treated water guided from the water storage tank is lowered, the support portion is used. 4. The sewage treatment tank according to claim 3, wherein a lower limit of an upper portion of the sedimentation tank main body is determined. 5. A sedimentation tank is formed by dividing the concrete tank into two tanks by a partition wall inside the concrete tank, and inserting a sedimentation tank body into one of the tanks partitioned by the partition wall. The other tank is a water storage tank, and the water storage tank communicates with the outside of the sedimentation tank main body by a notch provided below the partition wall.
Or the sewage purification tank according to 4. 6. An elastic rubber raw water tank, an elution tank, a reaction aeration tank and a sedimentation tank are provided inside a concrete tank, and the outside of each elastic rubber tank and the inside of the concrete tank is a water tank and a water tank. 3. A water tank according to claim 1 or 2,
The sewage septic tank described. 7. A support portion for gently suspending each of said elastic rubber tanks is provided in each of said elastic rubber tanks, and said support is provided when the level of treated water guided from said water storage tank is lowered. 7. The sewage treatment tank according to claim 6, wherein a lower limit of an upper portion of each of the elastic rubber tanks is determined by a part.