JPH10333089A - Projection display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a projection display device realizing the bright image quality of high definition by providing an optical system having comparatively less irregularities of brightness and color and high light availability. SOLUTION: Light radiated from a metal halide lamp 1 is separated into the light beams of three primary colors by blue and red reflecting dichroic mirrors 4, 5 and a plane mirror 6 and liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B corresponding to the respective colors are illuminated by the beams. A microlens array 7 and an optical fiber bundle 8 are provided in the optical path of red light and the red light is efficiently introduced to a liquid crystal panel. Consequently, in the optical path of red color whose optical path length is longer than that of other colors, an optical loss is suppressed. The transmitted light beams through the respective liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B are synthesized by a dichroic prism 10 and enlarged/projected on a screen by a projection lens 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a projection display device for projecting an optical image formed on a spatial light modulator on a screen by a projection lens.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as one method of displaying a large-screen image, a projection display device using a spatial light modulator has been known. In recent years, a projection display device using a liquid crystal panel has been put to practical use. ing.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a projection type display device using one liquid crystal panel.

Light emitted from a light source 284 illuminates a liquid crystal panel 286, and light having passed through the liquid crystal panel 286 enters a projection lens 287. An optical image is formed on the liquid crystal panel 286 as a change in transmittance, and is enlarged and projected by a projection lens 287 on a screen (not shown).

[0005] The light source 284 comprises, for example, a lamp 281, a concave mirror 282, and a UV-IR cut filter 283. As the lamp 285, a metal halide lamp excellent in luminous efficiency and color reproducibility is mainly used. Alternatively, a halogen lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like can be used. The UV-IR cut filter 283 is used to remove infrared rays and ultraviolet rays from illumination light. The field lens 285 is used to efficiently guide the illumination light to the projection lens.

FIG. 32 shows an example of a cross-sectional structure of the liquid crystal panel 286. Twisted nematic liquid crystal 293 is sandwiched between two transparent glass substrates 291 and 292, and alignment film 2 is formed.
94 and 295, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a predetermined direction. A pixel structure is formed on the transparent glass substrates 291 and 292, and the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer is changed to control the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. As a result, the polarization state of the incident light is changed, and polarizing plates 296 and 297 are provided on the incident side and the exit side to form an optical image. The broken lines in the transparent glass substrates 291 and 292 are temporary lines added for the sake of convenience in order to clarify one unit of the pixel structure.

[0007] The pixel structure is formed by forming a pixel electrode 298 two-dimensionally on a glass substrate 292.

The counter electrode 2 is provided on the other glass substrate 291.
Form 99. Each of the electrodes is a transparent electrode, and a driving voltage is supplied between these electrodes to form an electric field. Generally, a thin film transistor 300 is formed as a switching element for holding the applied electric field of each pixel for a certain period of time, in pair with the pixel electrode 298. Further, a black matrix 301 is formed on the counter electrode 299 so that light does not hit each of the thin film transistors 300. Thereby, a high-contrast good image can be displayed.

When a color image is formed by one liquid crystal panel, a color pixel structure having a set of red, green, and blue pixels is arranged. In this case, a red filter 302A, a green filter 302B,
The blue filter 302C is periodically formed to control the wavelength band of light passing therethrough.

[0010] Of the light illuminating the liquid crystal panel 286, a color optical image is formed by light incident on the openings of the black matrix 301, ie, the color filters R, G, and B. A full-color image can be displayed by continuously and arbitrarily controlling the intensity of light transmitted by each color pixel in accordance with an externally supplied image signal.

In addition, there is also known a method of displaying a full-color image by using three liquid crystal panels for red, green and blue without a color filter.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of such a projection display device. Light emitted from the light source 284 is separated by the color separation optical system 314 into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue. The three primary color lights emitted from the color separation optical system 314 are transmitted to liquid crystal panels 316 arranged on respective optical paths.
A, 316B and 316C are illuminated. Color separation optical system 31
The plane mirrors 317 and 318 are arranged in the optical path of only the light of the color component that passes through and travels straight through 4, and the optical path is bent and guided to the liquid crystal panel 316C. Each liquid crystal panel 31
Light that has passed through 6A, 316B, and 316C is combined by the color combining optical system 319, and enters the projection lens 320.
An optical image is formed on each of the liquid crystal panels 316A, 316B, and 316C as a change in transmittance, and is enlarged and projected on a screen (not shown) by the projection lens 320. still,
A light source similar to that shown in FIG. 31 is used.

The color separation optical system 314 comprises, for example, a blue-reflecting dichroic mirror 311, a green-reflecting dichroic mirror 312, and a plane mirror 313 which are arranged substantially in parallel. A method is also known in which two types of dichroic mirrors are configured to intersect in an X shape.

The field lenses 315A, 315B, 3
15C is used to guide the light illuminating the liquid crystal panels 316A, 316B and 316C to the projection lens 320.

As the color synthesizing means 319, for example, a dichroic prism formed by joining four right-angle prisms is used. A dielectric multilayer film is deposited on the joining surface of the right-angle prism, and reflects light in a specific wavelength band. If you do this,
The projection lens 320 and the liquid crystal panels 316A, 316B,
Since the optical path lengths at 316C can be equalized, there is no difference in relative point and a good image excellent in imaging performance can be displayed. Further, the size of the entire optical system from the light source 4 to the projection lens 320 can be made compact.

The method of using three liquid crystal panels has the advantage that although the number of optical components is large and the configuration is complicated, there is no loss of light due to the color filter and a bright and excellent image quality can be obtained. However, in the configuration shown in FIG. 33, three liquid crystal panels 316A, 316B,
There is a problem that the illumination optical path lengths up to 316C cannot be equalized. Since the light source 284 is not a point light source, the light travels with expanse, so that the longer the illumination optical path length, the lower the light collection efficiency. Therefore, the light-collecting efficiency of light of a color whose illumination optical path length is longer than the other light is lower than the light-collecting efficiency of light of another color.

On the other hand, there has been disclosed a method of arranging a relay optical system in an optical path having an illumination optical path length different from that of the others, and improving a reduction in light-collecting efficiency due to an increase in the illumination optical path length (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-163873). And JP-A-1-111111). This is because the relay optical system is composed of the first lens and the second lens,
The first lens focuses incident light near the main plane of the second lens, and the second lens forms a real image of an object near the first lens near the liquid crystal panel according to a predetermined magnification.

On the other hand, the method using one liquid crystal panel has the advantage that the number of optical system parts is small and the configuration is simple. On the other hand, since white illumination light is incident on the color filters, light of wavelength components other than those required by the pixels of each color is absorbed by the color filters. Therefore, the liquid crystal panel is 3
The light use efficiency in the liquid crystal panel section is reduced to about 1/3 as compared with the method using a single sheet.

On the other hand, there is also disclosed a method of improving the light loss in the color filter by disposing a pair of microlens arrays for each color pixel structure on the incident side of a liquid crystal panel having a color filter (FIG. 1). JP-A-3-56922, JP-A-4-60538). In this method, red, green, and blue primary color lights, which have been color-separated in advance, are made to enter the microlens array at different angles, red light enters the red filter area, green light enters the green area, and blue light enters blue. It is possible to selectively reach the respective areas.

[0020]

Generally, there is a demand for a projection type display device to provide a high quality projected image which is bright, has little color unevenness.

A liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG.
The projection type display device using a plurality of light-emitting elements has a problem that the light-collecting efficiency differs depending on the light path because the light paths of the three primary colors from the light source to the liquid crystal panel cannot be equalized.

The technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-111111 discloses a method of improving the light-collecting efficiency of light of a color whose optical path is longer than that of the others by using a relay optical system. There are the following problems to obtain.

If a real image of the object near the first lens is formed in the vicinity of the liquid crystal panel according to a predetermined magnification using a relay optical system, the object and the real image are inverted left and right and up and down. Generally, the dichroic mirror used in the color separation optical system changes its reflection (or transmission) band according to the incident angle of light, and the reflection (or transmission) band shifts to a shorter wavelength side as the incident angle increases. Are known. Unless the light source is a point light source, divergent light or convergent light is emitted from the light source, so that light enters at different angles depending on the position of the dichroic mirror. Therefore, light reflected or transmitted by each dichroic mirror causes color unevenness. As for the light of each color separated, only the light of the color by the relay optical system has a target distribution with the light of the other colors, and they are synthesized by the color synthesizing optical system, so the projected image causes irregular color unevenness. Will be.

If the film thickness of the multilayer film is appropriately set according to the position in the plane of the dichroic mirror, the above-mentioned dependence on the incident angle can be suppressed. However, such a dichroic mirror is difficult to control the film thickness and is expensive. Become.

On the other hand, the projection type display device which provides a color image by using one liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 31 has a problem that the light utilization efficiency of the liquid crystal panel portion is low. In particular, the light loss in the color filter is large.

JP-A-3-56922, JP-A-4-569
The technique described in Japanese Patent No. 60538 discloses a method in which a predetermined primary color light is guided to a predetermined color filter region by a microlens array. However, in order to obtain a practically sufficient effect, there are the following problems.

When light emitted from a lamp is efficiently condensed to form light for illuminating a liquid crystal panel, brightness unevenness generally occurs. Specifically, when light is condensed using a concave mirror, the vicinity of the optical axis is bright, and the brightness decreases as the distance from the optical axis increases. This brightness is determined by the effective F number of the illumination light. The irradiation angle of the illumination light becomes larger near the optical axis, and becomes smaller as the distance from the optical axis increases.

As a result, when the liquid crystal panel provided with the microlenses is illuminated with illumination light having uneven brightness, the cross-sectional area of each light beam passing through each lens element and converging on the black matrix varies depending on the location. There is a problem that the color filter area is reached and the color purity of these colors is reduced. Further, in a portion where the brightness is low, since the cross section of the most converged light beam is small, these light beams are shifted from a predetermined color filter region due to a slight positional shift or performance variation of the optical system, and the pixel becomes dark. Does not glow at all,
Such a problem arises. These are problematic because they cause color unevenness and brightness unevenness in the projected image and impair image quality.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and realizes an optical system having relatively low brightness unevenness and color unevenness and high light use efficiency, thereby achieving bright and high-quality image quality. An object of the present invention is to provide a projection display device that can be realized.

[0030]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a projection type display device according to the present invention comprises a light source for emitting light containing three primary color components, and a light source for collecting light emitted from the light source. Light means, and output light of the light condensing means of three colors of red, green and blue.
Color separation means for separating light into primary colors, and first, second and third spatial light modulations which are spatially modulated to form an optical image and are illuminated by each output light from the color separation means. An element, color combining means for combining output light from each of the spatial light modulation elements, projection means for receiving output light from the color combining means and projecting an optical image of each of the spatial light modulation elements, and The light guide means is provided in at least the light path having the longest light path length among the light output surfaces of the respective means and the light output surfaces of the respective light modulating elements.

Further, another projection type display device of the present invention has a 3
A light source that emits light containing a primary color component; a light condensing unit that collects light emitted from the light source; and a light whose polarization direction condensed by the light condensing unit is randomized to S-polarized light and P-polarized light. Polarization splitting means for splitting into two linearly polarized lights and emitting the two linearly polarized lights in substantially the same direction, and arranged in at least one of the optical paths of the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light so as to make the respective polarization directions substantially the same. Polarization plane rotating means,
A color separation unit that separates output light of the polarization separation unit into light of three primary colors of red, green, and blue; and an optical image formed by spatially modulating light to form an optical image. First, second, and third spatial light modulators to be illuminated, color combining means for combining output lights from the spatial light modulators, and each of the spatial lights receiving output light from the color combining means Projection means for projecting an optical image of the modulation element, and a light guide means in at least the longest optical path among the light output surfaces of the respective colors of the color separation means and the light paths reaching the respective light modulation elements. It is a feature.

The color separating means is constituted by arranging the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors and the plane mirror substantially in parallel, and the first mirror reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror. The color light is guided to the first spatial light modulation element via the plane mirror, passes through the first dielectric multilayer mirror, and is reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror. The light is guided to the second spatial light modulating element, and the third color light transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to the third spatial light modulating element via the light guiding means, and from the light source. The first and second
It is preferable to make the optical path lengths reaching the spatial light modulator element substantially equal.

The color separating means comprises first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors which cross each other in an X-shape, and are reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror and reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the first color transmitted through the multilayer mirror is guided to the first spatial light modulation element via the first light guide, and travels straight through the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors. The light of the second color is guided to the second spatial light modulator, and the light of the third color reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror and transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror is converted to the second spatial light modulator. It is preferable that the light is guided to the third spatial light modulation element through the light guiding means.

The color synthesizing means is preferably a dichroic prism constituted by joining four right-angle prisms.

The light guide means may be any member as long as it can realize light propagation without loss of light quantity. However, a plurality of polarization-maintaining optical fibers having a circular cross section for maintaining the polarization direction of incident light and emitting the light are provided. An optical fiber bundle formed by bundling is preferable, and it is more preferable to arrange a microlens array in which the same number of microlenses as the optical fiber are two-dimensionally arranged near the incident side of the optical fiber.

It is preferable to arrange a uniform illumination optical system in the vicinity of the emission side of the light source. A first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are two-dimensionally arranged and a second lens paired with the same number of first lenses. It is more preferable to configure the second lens array in which the array is two-dimensionally arranged.

It is preferable that the polarization separating means is constituted by a polarizing beam splitter and a right-angle prism. The polarization plane rotating means is preferably a film-shaped half-wave plate.

Still another projection type display device of the present invention is a light source for emitting light containing three primary color components, a light collecting means for collecting light emitted from the light source, and the light collecting means. A color separation unit that separates the output light into three primary colors of red, green, and blue; and a microlens array in which each of the three primary colors emitted from the color separation unit enters from different angles.
A spatial light modulator that is arranged near the emission side of the microlens array and spatially modulates light to form an optical image;
3 from the color separation means to the microlens array
First, second, and third relay optical means arranged on each optical path of light of primary colors, projection means for projecting the optical image, light output surfaces of each color of the color separation means, and each of the relay optical means Light guide means arranged in the longest light path of at least the light path out of the light path, each of the relay optical means forms a light emitting surface that collects incident light and illuminates the microlens array, The optical path lengths from each of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors to the microlens array are substantially equal to each other;
The microlens array arranges real images of the light emitting surface of the three primary colors in a two-dimensional manner, and the spatial light modulation element is red,
A pixel structure in which pixels of three primary colors, each of which modulates green and blue light, are two-dimensionally arranged in accordance with a predetermined rule;
Each of the primary color light emitting surfaces is associated with each of the three primary color pixels.

Still another projection type display device of the present invention is a light source for emitting light containing three primary color components, a light condensing means for condensing light emitted from the light source, and the light condensing means. Polarization separating means for separating light having a random polarization direction condensed into two linearly polarized lights of S-polarized light and P-polarized light and emitting the two linearly polarized lights in substantially the same direction;
A polarization plane rotating means disposed in at least one of the optical paths of polarized light and p-polarized light so as to make the respective polarization directions substantially the same, and separating the output light of the polarized light separating means into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue A microlens array in which each of the three primary colors of light emitted from the color separating means enters at different angles from each other, and is arranged near the emission side of the microlens array to spatially modulate the light. A spatial light modulator for forming an optical image, first, second, and third relay optical means arranged on each optical path of light of three primary colors from the color separation means to the microlens array; Projection means for projecting, the light output surface of each color of the color separation means and a light guide means disposed in the longest light path at least the light path length of the light path to each of the relay optical means,
Each of the relay optical means forms a light emitting surface that illuminates the microlens array by condensing incident light, and optical path lengths from each of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors to the microlens array are substantially equal to each other. Micro lens array is 3
A real image of the light emitting surface of the primary colors is arranged two-dimensionally, and the spatial light modulator is a pixel formed by two-dimensionally arranging pixels of three primary colors that modulate red, green, and blue light in accordance with a predetermined rule. A light emitting surface of the three primary colors corresponding to each of the pixels of the three primary colors.

The color separating means is constituted by arranging the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors and the plane mirror substantially in parallel.
The light of the first color reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to first relay optical means via the plane mirror, transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror, and transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the second color reflected by the dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to the second relay optical unit, and the light of the third color transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror is transmitted through the light guiding unit. It is preferable that the optical path lengths from the light source to the first and second relay optical units are substantially equal.

The color separating means comprises first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors intersecting in an X-shape, and is reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror and reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror. Is transmitted to the first relay optical unit via the first light guide unit, and is transmitted through the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors to travel straight ahead. The light of the third color is guided to the second relay optical means, and the light of the third color which is reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror and transmits through the first dielectric multilayer mirror passes through the second light guide means. It is preferred that the light be guided to the third relay optical means through the relay.

The color synthesizing means is preferably a dichroic prism formed by joining four right-angle prisms.

The light guiding means is preferably constituted by bundling a plurality of optical fibers each having a circular cross section. A microlens comprising the same number of microlenses as the optical fibers arranged two-dimensionally near the incident side of the optical fiber. It is even more preferred to arrange the array.

The relay optical means includes a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens. The first lens condenses light incident on the lens near an opening of the second lens to form a light emitting surface. The second lens forms a real image of an object near the first lens near the opening of the third lens, and the third lens travels light emitted from the center of gravity of the light emitting surface substantially parallel to each other. It is preferable to use light.

The relay optical means includes a first lens array, a second lens array, and a third lens array.
The lens array has a plurality of first lenses arranged therein, and the second lens array has the same number of pairs of second lenses as the first lenses arranged, and each of the first lenses is incident on the lens. Light is condensed near the opening of the corresponding second lens to form a light emitting surface, and each of the second lenses shifts a real image of an object near the corresponding first lens to a position near the opening of the third lens. The third lens is preferably formed in a superimposed form, and the third lens may be a light that is emitted from the center of gravity of the light emitting surface near the second lens array and that travels substantially parallel to each other.

It is preferable that the polarization splitting means comprises a polarizing beam splitter and a right-angle prism. The polarization plane rotating means is preferably a film-shaped half-wave plate.
The light guide means may be an optical fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of polarization maintaining optical fibers for maintaining the polarization direction of incident light and emitting the light.

[0047] Still another projection type display device according to the present invention is a light source for emitting light containing three primary color components, a light condensing means for condensing light emitted by the light source, and the light condensing means. Color separation means for separating the output light into three primary colors of red, green and blue, and spatial light which is spatially modulated to form an optical image and which is illuminated by each output light from the color separation means A spatial light modulator, a projection unit that projects an optical image of the spatial light modulator, and first, second, and third light guide units, wherein the spatial light modulator emits red, green, and blue light, respectively. It has a pixel structure in which the pixels to be modulated are arranged two-dimensionally according to a predetermined rule, and between the red light emitting surface of the color separation means and the pixel that modulates the red light of the spatial light modulator. An image for arranging first light guide means and modulating green light of the color separation means and green light of the spatial light modulator. And a third light guiding unit is disposed between the blue light emitting surface of the color separation unit and the pixel of the spatial light modulator that modulates blue light. It is characterized by doing.

Further, still another projection type display device of the present invention is a light source which emits light containing three primary color components, a light condensing means for condensing light emitted by the light source, and the light condensing means. Polarization separating means for separating light having a random polarization direction condensed into two linearly polarized lights of S-polarized light and P-polarized light and emitting the two linearly polarized lights in substantially the same direction;
A polarization plane rotating means disposed in at least one of the optical paths of polarized light and p-polarized light so as to make the respective polarization directions substantially the same, and separating the output light of the polarized light separating means into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue A light separating element, a spatial light modulating element spatially modulating light to form an optical image and illuminated by each output light from the color separating means, and a projection for projecting an optical image of the spatial light modulating element. Means, and first, second, and third light guide means, and the spatial light modulator is configured by two-dimensionally arranging pixels for modulating red, green, and blue light in accordance with a predetermined rule. A first light guide unit having a pixel structure, disposed between a red light exit surface of the color separation unit and a pixel of the spatial light modulator that modulates red light; A second light guide means between the light emitting surface of the light emitting element and the pixel of the spatial light modulator that modulates green light. And location, is characterized in placing a third light guide means between the pixels for modulating the blue light of the spatial light modulator and the light emitting surface of the blue of the color separation means.

The color separating means is constituted by arranging the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors and the plane mirror substantially in parallel.
The light of the first color reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to a first spatial light modulator through the plane mirror, passes through the first dielectric multilayer mirror, and passes through the first dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the second color reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to the second spatial light modulator, and the light of the third color transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror is guided by light guiding means. It is preferable that the optical path lengths from the light source to the first and second spatial light modulation elements be substantially equal to each other through the third spatial light modulation element.

The color separating means comprises first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors intersecting in an X-shape, and is reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror and reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror. Is transmitted to the first spatial light modulation element via the first light guide means, passes through the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors, and travels straight ahead. The light of the third color is guided to the second spatial light modulator, and the light of the third color that is reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror and passes through the first dielectric multilayer mirror is the second light guide. It is preferable that the light be guided to the third spatial light modulation element via the means.

The color synthesizing means is preferably a dichroic prism constituted by joining four right-angle prisms.
It is preferable that the light guiding means is configured by bundling a plurality of optical fibers having a circular cross section, and it is more preferable that the optical fiber be a tapered fiber having different diameters at the input end and the output end. More preferably, a microlens array in which the same number of microlenses as the optical fiber are two-dimensionally arranged on the incident side of the optical fiber. It is preferable that each pixel that modulates red, green, and blue light and an optical fiber that guides light of each color form an equal number of pairs. It is more preferable that the pixel structure has a stripe shape, and that each pixel for modulating red, green, and blue light and an optical fiber for guiding each color light make a one-to-two pair.

It is further preferable that the optical fiber be a spherical fiber whose end face on the exit side has a condensing function. It is preferable that the polarization splitting means includes a polarizing beam splitter and a right-angle prism. The polarization plane rotating means is a film-like 1
A / 2 wavelength plate is preferred. The light guide means may be an optical fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of polarization maintaining optical fibers for maintaining the polarization direction of incident light and emitting the light.

Further, the optical device of the present invention comprises a color separation means for separating output light from a light source which emits light containing three primary color components into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue, and this color separation means. First, second and third optical processing means respectively illuminated by each output light from the means, and first, second and third optical guide means for guiding each output light from the color separation means to the optical processing means, respectively.
And light guide means arranged in at least the longer optical path of the optical paths, and the optical loss of all output lights input to the respective optical processing means is substantially the same. I did it.

In the invention relating to the above-mentioned projection type display apparatus, the spatial light modulator, the color synthesizing means, and the projecting means are used as the optical processing means, but the present invention is applied to an optical processing means such as a CCD image sensor. It is also possible to apply the present invention to a color scanner or the like. Thereby, even when the optical path lengths of the color-separated output lights of the respective colors are different, the light amounts of the respective colors received by the optical processing means can be made substantially the same.

[0055]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the projection type display device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The projection display device mainly includes a metal halide lamp 1, a parabolic mirror 2, a UV-IR cut filter 3, a blue reflection dichroic mirror 4, a green reflection dichroic mirror 5, a plane mirror 6, a micro lens array 7, and an optical fiber bundle 8. , Liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B, dichroic prism 1
0, and a projection lens 11.

The metal halide lamp 1 forms a luminous body 1 ', and the luminous body 1' emits white light containing three primary color components. The parabolic mirror 2 condenses most of the light emitted by the illuminant 1 ′ and forms light traveling approximately parallel to the optical axis 12.

The light emitted from the parabolic mirror 2 is UV-IR
Unnecessary infrared and ultraviolet components are removed by the cut filter 3.

The blue reflecting dichroic mirror 4 reflects only the blue component light, and the reflected light has its optical path bent by the plane mirror 6 and enters the blue liquid crystal panel 9B. The green reflecting dichroic mirror 5 reflects only green component light, and the reflected light is incident on the green liquid crystal panel 9G. The light that has passed through the dichroic mirrors 4 and 5 and traveled straight is mainly red component light. The micro lens array 7 and the optical fiber bundle 8 are arranged in the optical path of the red component. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view schematically showing an example of the configuration of the optical fiber bundle 8. The optical fiber bundle 8 is configured by bundling a plurality of optical fibers 21 so as to be substantially inscribed in a circle 22 formed by illumination light from a parabolic mirror.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view schematically showing an example of the configuration of the optical fiber 21. As shown in FIG. In general, the optical fiber 21 is configured by covering a core portion 31 for guiding light with a clad portion 32 having a lower refractive index, and forming a silicon resin 33 and a nylon coating 34 as a protective layer outside the core portion 31. The light that has entered the core portion 31 repeats total reflection at the interface with the cladding portion 32, and the light propagates.

Such an optical fiber includes a step-type optical fiber having a constant refractive index in a core portion and a graded-type optical fiber having a refractive index distribution. Examples of the constituent material of the optical fiber include quartz glass, multi-component glass, and plastic.

The micro lens array 7 is arranged near the incident side of the optical fiber bundle 8. FIG. 4 is an example of a cross-sectional structure of the microlens array 7, which is a schematic diagram thereof. Since the lens elements are formed by forming regions 42 having different refractive indexes in a flat transparent glass substrate 41, there is an advantage that a lens array with a minute pitch can be formed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the micro lens array 7 will be described.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the side surface of the optical fiber. The incident light 51 repeats total reflection at the interface between the core portion 31 and the cladding portion 32 and is output from the output end face of the optical fiber 21. Here, the maximum incident angle θmax of the light beam for guiding the incident light 51 to the core portion 31 without loss is equal to the core portion 3.
1. Assuming that the refractive indexes of the cladding portion 32 are n1 and n2, respectively.

(Equation 1)

(Equation 2) Given by Here, n1> n2, and Δ is a relative refractive index difference.

Here, the microlens array 7 is arranged on the incident side of the optical fiber bundle 8. FIG. 6 is an example showing the positional relationship between the microlens array 7 and the optical fiber bundle 8, which is a schematic diagram thereof. One microlens 61 having a hexagonal opening shape is arranged corresponding to one optical fiber 21.

The shape of the opening of the microlens is not limited to a hexagon, but may be any shape as long as the opening of the microlens is finely filled in accordance with the arrangement of the optical fibers.

FIG. 7 shows the effect of the microlens 61. Light that is incident on the microlens 61 and is approximately parallel to the optical axis 71 is focused on the core 31 of the optical fiber 21. By arranging the incident surface of the optical fiber 21 near the focal point of the microlens 61, the incident light of the microlens 61 can be efficiently focused on the incident surface of the optical fiber 21.

Assuming that the outer diameter of the optical fiber 21 is d, the focal length f of the micro lens 61 is

(Equation 3) May be set so as to satisfy the following condition.
Light can be guided.

With the above configuration, the cladding part 32,
In addition, light that is incident on an ineffective region such as a protective layer made of the silicone resin 33 and the nylon coating 34 and is lost can be efficiently incident on the core portion 31, so that the light use efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, the optical fiber 21 has a core diameter of 100 μm, a cladding diameter of 250 μm, an outer shape including a protective layer of 500 μm, and a refractive index n1 =
A quartz (silica) glass fiber having a relative refractive index difference of 1.5 and a relative refractive index difference of 0.5% is used. The microlens array 7 uses a gradient index flat microlens array having a focal length f = 1650 μm.

Such a microlens array is formed by an ion exchange method, and has a merit that it is easy to form a rectangular lens shape because it can be relatively finely packed.

With the above operation, the red component light whose optical path length is longer than the green component and blue component light can be efficiently guided to the liquid crystal panel for red. Further, there is no need to use a relay optical system, and in addition, since there is no occurrence of color shading and brightness shading reversal of the illumination light at the incident part and the emission part, there is an advantage that deterioration of the display quality of the projected image can be suppressed.

The liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G and 9B have an effective display area with a diagonal length of 2.8 inches and a pixel count of 640 in the horizontal direction.
This is a twisted nematic liquid crystal panel having 480 dots in the vertical direction and the structure thereof is the same as that shown in FIG. The incident light is spatially modulated according to the video signal,
An optical image is formed as a change in transmittance.

The transmitted light of each of the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B enters a dichroic prism 10 for color synthesis. The dichroic prism 10 is configured by laminating four glass right-angle prisms, and a dielectric multilayer film for red reflection and blue reflection is deposited on each bonding surface. The light synthesized by the dichroic prism 10 enters the projection lens 11 and is
Expands the optical image on each of the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B and projects it on a screen (not shown).

The operation of the microlens array 7 has been described assuming that the lens forming surface is arranged on a plane closer to the optical fiber 21, but the microlens array 7 may be arranged on a plane farther from the optical fiber.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. First lens array 81, second lens array 82, field lenses 87R, 87G, 87B, micro lens array 9
Except for the optical fiber bundle 91 and the optical fiber bundle 91, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The first lens array 81 and the second lens array 84 are respectively composed of a plurality of first lenses 82 and second lenses 8.
5 are arranged two-dimensionally.

The projection type display device shown in FIG. 8 has the first lens array 81 and the second lens array 84, so that the following effects can be obtained. FIG. 9 shows an example of the configuration of the first lens array 81. Eighteen first lenses 82 having a rectangular opening are two-dimensionally arranged so as to be inscribed in the circular cross section of the light beam emitted from the parabolic mirror.
FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the second lens array 84. 18 second lenses 85 corresponding to the first lens 82 shown in FIG.
Are arranged two-dimensionally. The emission-side focal point of the first lens 82 is near the center 85A of the opening of the corresponding second lens 85, and condenses the light emitted from the paraboloid and traveling parallel to the optical axis near the center 85A of the opening. However, the first lens 82 is appropriately decentered as needed. On the opening of the second lens array 84, the light-emitting bodies 1 ′ correspond to the number of the first lenses 82.
Is formed.

The second lens 85 corresponds to the corresponding first lens 8.
The real image of the object on the principal plane 83 of the second
It is formed near the main plane 88R of R. The principal plane 83 of the first lens 82 and the principal plane 88R of the field lens 87R are
The relationship is approximately conjugate. The light emitted from the parabolic mirror 2 is
Most of the light reaches the main plane 86 of the second lens 85 via the first lens 82, and the light mainly passing through the dichroic mirrors 4 and 5 and containing the red component is transmitted to the field lens 8
A main plane 88R of 7R is reached. Field lens 87
Since R is close to the microlens array 90,
Most of the light emitted from the parabolic mirror 2 is used as light for illuminating the lens forming area of the microlens array 90. Therefore, illumination with extremely high light use efficiency can be realized. Similarly, for the green and blue lights, the real images of the object on the main plane 83 of the first lens 82 are respectively
7G and 87B are formed on the main planes 88G and 88B to illuminate the effective display areas of the liquid crystal panels 9G and 9B.

Field lenses 87R, 87G, 87B
Is a plano-convex lens, and light enters from the convex surface side. The incident-side focal points of the field lenses 87R, 87G, and 87B are the second
Near the exit-side principal point of the lens array 84, each second
Light emitted from the center of gravity of the lens 85 can be emitted as light traveling parallel to the optical axis 12.

Each of the light beams emitted from the second lens 85 illuminates the principal planes 88R, 88G, 88B of the field lenses 87R, 87G, 87B and superimposes the real image of the object on the principal plane 83 of the first lens 82. Let it. Therefore, each of the second lenses 85 is appropriately decentered, and emits light emitted from the corresponding opening center 82A of the first lens 82 to the principal plane 88 of the field lenses 87R, 87G, and 87B.
R, 88G, and 88B are allowed to reach the centers of gravity 89R, 89G, and 89B.

The light beam emitted from the parabolic mirror 2 is split by the first lens array 81 into a plurality of light beams. The luminous flux after division has smaller brightness unevenness than the luminous flux before division.
The second lens array 84 magnifies these luminous fluxes, and converts the main planes 88R, 87R,
Superimposed on 88G and 88B. Therefore, the uniformity of the illumination light becomes extremely high.

As in the first embodiment, the micro lens array 90 and the optical fiber bundle 91 are arranged between the field lens 87R and the liquid crystal panel 9R mainly in the optical path of the red component.

FIG. 11 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape and arrangement of the microlens array 90. On the main plane 88R of the field lens 87R, rectangular illumination light substantially similar to the effective display area of the liquid crystal panel 9R is formed, so that the micro lens array 90 divides the plurality of micro lenses 111 into the rectangular area of the illumination light. It is arranged so as to be substantially inscribed in 112.

FIG. 12 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape and arrangement of the optical fiber bundle 91. The optical fiber bundle 91 is configured by bundling the optical fibers 21 forming the same number as the microlenses 111 and forming a pair.

FIG. 13 is an example showing the positional relationship between the microlens 111 and the optical fiber bundle 21, which is a schematic diagram thereof. One microlens 111 having a rectangular opening shape is arranged corresponding to one optical fiber 21.

The light emitted from each of the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B is synthesized by a dichroic prism 10, enlarged by a projection lens 11, and projected on a screen (not shown).

According to the above configuration, the first lens array 81
And the second lens array 84, the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G,
The uniformity of the light illuminating 9B is greatly improved. Further, by the same operation as in the first embodiment, the red component light whose optical path length is longer than the others can be efficiently guided to the liquid crystal panel 9R, and the light is guided using the relay optical system. Unlike this, since the color unevenness and the brightness unevenness of the illumination light are not inverted at the incident part and the emission part, deterioration of the display quality of the projected image can be suppressed, and an extremely large effect can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The projection display device includes microlens arrays 141R, 141B and optical fiber bundles 144R, 1R in the red and blue optical paths, respectively.
44B are arranged.

Metal halide lamp 1, parabolic mirror 2, U
V-IR cut filter 3, liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9
B, dichroic prism 10 and projection lens 11
This is the same as the first embodiment. The red reflecting dichroic mirror 141 and the blue reflecting dichroic mirror 142 intersect in an X-shape to separate white light emitted from the parabolic mirror 2 into light of three primary colors. Dichroic mirror 141,
The light that passes through and goes straight through is mainly a green component light, and illuminates the green liquid crystal panel 9G. The red component light is reflected by the dichroic mirror 141, and illuminates the liquid crystal panel 9R via the micro lens array 143R and the optical fiber bundle 144R. The light of the blue component is reflected by the dichroic mirror 142 and passes through the microlens array 143B and the optical fiber bundle 144B.
Illuminate B. Light emitted from the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, and 9B is synthesized by a dichroic prism 10, enlarged by a projection lens 11, and projected onto a screen (not shown).

The color separation optical system for separating light of three primary colors is not limited to a dichroic mirror crossed in an X-shape, but four right-angle prisms are laminated and a dielectric multilayer film is formed on the joint surface. Alternatively, a dichroic prism configured as described above may be used.

According to the above configuration, since the optical system from the lamp 1 to the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B can be made compact, the size of the projection display device can be reduced. In addition, by the same operation as in the first embodiment, red and blue light whose optical path length is long can be efficiently guided to the liquid crystal panel, and unlike the case where light is guided using the relay optical system, Since the unevenness of the color and the unevenness of the brightness of the illumination light do not occur at the entrance and the exit, deterioration of the display quality of the projected image can be suppressed, and an extremely large effect can be obtained.

As in the second embodiment, if the first lens array and the second lens array are arranged between the parabolic mirror and the color separation optical system, the display uniformity of the projected image is greatly improved. be able to.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. An ellipsoidal mirror 151, a plano-concave lens 152, a polarization separation optical system 155,
Except for the half-wave plate 156, it is the same as the third embodiment.

The light radiated from the metal halide lamp 1 is condensed by the ellipsoidal mirror 151 and is converted by the plano-concave lens 152 arranged on the optical path into light that travels approximately parallel to the optical axis 157. Light having a random polarization direction emitted from the plano-concave lens 152 enters the polarization splitting optical system 155 and is split into two linearly polarized lights of P-polarized light and S-polarized light.

The polarization separation optical system 155 is composed of, for example, two polarization beam splitters 153 and two right angle prisms 154 for total reflection. Polarizing beam splitter 1
Reference numeral 53 denotes a structure in which two right-angle prisms are adhered to each other, and a dielectric multilayer film 153 'is formed on the joint surface. When light is incident on the dielectric multilayer film surface 153 ', P-polarized light is transmitted,
S-polarized light is reflected. Further, the S-polarized light is reflected again by the total reflection surface 154 'of the right angle prism 154 for total reflection. Accordingly, the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light are emitted from the polarization separation optical system 155 as light traveling in the same direction.

Of the light emitted from the polarization separation optical system 155, S
A half-wave plate 156 is arranged in the optical path of polarized light, and rotates the polarization direction by approximately 90 degrees. Thereby, the polarization separation optical system 1
The polarization directions of the outgoing light beams 55 can be made substantially the same.
Specifically, the light emitted from the polarization splitting optical system 155 is emitted as linearly polarized light whose polarization direction is parallel to the paper surface.

The linearly polarized light is applied to the dichroic mirror 14.
In the first and second embodiments, the light is separated into light of three primary colors.
Similarly, the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B are illuminated.

The polarization axes of the incident-side polarizers of the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B are arranged, for example, in a direction horizontal to the plane of the drawing. By making the polarization axis of the incident-side polarizing plate and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light incident on the liquid crystal panel the same, it is possible to effectively use the light that was conventionally absorbed and lost by the polarizing plate. Efficiency is greatly improved.

The light emitted from the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B is
The light is synthesized by the dichroic prism 10 and the projection lens 11
And project it on a screen (not shown).

Generally, the optical fiber has a problem that the plane of polarization of the propagating light becomes unstable. Therefore, the polarization planes of the incident light and the outgoing light may be different. Therefore, the optical fiber is preferably a polarization maintaining fiber that retains the polarization planes of the incident light and the outgoing light.

According to the above configuration, the polarization direction of the light radiated from the lamp 1 is aligned with the polarization axis of the incident side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panels 9R, 9G, 9B, so that the light loss in the incident side polarizing plate is greatly reduced. it can. Thereby, the light use efficiency of the optical system is greatly improved, and a bright projection display device can be realized.

Also, by the same operation as in the third embodiment, the deterioration of the display quality of the projected image can be suppressed, so that an extremely large effect can be obtained.

The half-wave plate is disposed in the S-polarized light path, but may be disposed in the P-polarized light path or in both the S-polarized light path and the P-polarized light path. The same effect can be obtained as long as the emitted light matches the polarization axis of the incident-side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panel.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The projection display device mainly includes a metal halide lamp 1, a parabolic mirror 2, a UV-IR cut filter 3, a red reflection dichroic mirror 162, and a blue reflection dichroic mirror 16.
3, microlens arrays 163R and 163B, optical fiber bundles 164R and 164B, relay optical system 169R,
69G, 169B, a field lens 170, a micro lens array 172 for color separation, a liquid crystal panel 174, and a projection lens 179.

Metal halide lamp 1, parabolic mirror 2, U
The V-IR cut filter 3 is the same as in the first embodiment.

The red reflecting dichroic mirror 16
1, blue reflection dichroic mirror 162, microlens arrays 163R and 163B, optical fiber bundle 164R,
164B has the same operation as the third embodiment.

The white light emitted from the metal halide lamp 1 is separated into three primary colors by dichroic mirrors 161 and 162, and the green component light which passes through the dichroic mirrors 161 and 162 and travels straight is converted into a relay optical system 169G.
Incident on. The light of the red component and the light of the blue component reflected by the dichroic mirrors 161 and 162 are respectively transmitted to the microlens arrays 163R and 163B and the optical fiber bundle 16.
4R, 164B via relay optical system 169R, 169
B is incident.

The relay optical system 169G includes a first Fresnel lens array 165G and a second Fresnel lens array 167.
G. First Fresnel lens array 165G
Has, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. The second Fresnel lens array 167G has, for example, the configuration shown in FIG. In each case, a Fresnel lens having a predetermined aperture and eccentricity is arranged and configured, and an example of a configuration in a case where the Fresnel lens includes six lenses is shown.

For example, the first Fresnel lens 181G
The center of the lens is 182G. The lens condenses the light incident thereon onto the opening of the corresponding second Fresnel lens 183G. The position of the lens center is determined so that the collected light is near the center of gravity of the opening of the corresponding second Fresnel lens 183G. The second Fresnel lens 183G is
The center of the lens is 184G.

The lens forms a real image near the main plane 166G of the corresponding first Fresnel lens 181G near the main plane 171 of the field lens 170 at a predetermined magnification. The optical path length from the field lens 170 to the liquid crystal panel 174 is much shorter than the other optical path lengths, and the light illuminating the vicinity of the main plane 171 of the field lens 170 illuminates the effective display area of the liquid crystal panel 174 similarly. . Second
Fresnel lens 183G determines the center position appropriately,
The real images formed by the six second Fresnel lenses 183G are
Superimposed on the light receiving surface. These configurations are the same for red and blue light. However, the relay optical system 169
R and 169B are the first Fresnel lens array 16 respectively.
5R, 165B and the second Fresnel lens array 167R,
167B to bend the optical path between the flat mirror 1
70R and 170B.

According to the above configuration, the light emitting surfaces approximating the vertically long effective apertures of the second Fresnel lens arrays 167R, 167G, 167B shown in FIG. 16 are formed on substantially the same plane in a state where they are separated into three primary colors. You. Moreover, it is possible to realize illumination with high uniformity of brightness with extremely high light use efficiency for any of the three primary colors.

The liquid crystal panel 174 has a pixel structure 175 in which three primary color pixels are two-dimensionally arranged.
The configuration is schematically shown in FIG. This is an effective display area of the transmissive liquid crystal panel configured similarly to that shown in FIG. One unit of the color pixel 191 includes a red pixel region 191R, a green pixel region 191G, and a blue pixel region 1
91B, 192R is a red pixel aperture, 192G
Represents a green pixel opening, and 192B represents a blue pixel opening. Pixel openings 192R, 192G, 192 on the light receiving surface
The region other than B is a region called a black matrix, and a light-shielding layer is formed so that light does not hit the thin film signal wiring.

FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of one pixel unit for clarifying the configuration, and does not reflect the actual size or number of pixels. The wavy line indicates the color pixel 191.
Is a temporary line added for convenience in order to clarify one unit, and symbols R, G, and B are added to indicate a color corresponding to each opening. A red pixel is a pixel to which a video signal corresponding to a red optical image is selectively supplied, and may or may not include a red filter in the opening. The same applies to green and blue pixels.

The color separation microlens array 172 is
The microlenses 173 are arranged two-dimensionally, and a schematic diagram thereof is shown in FIG. Micro lens 173
Are in one-to-one correspondence with one unit of color pixel 191 and are arranged in the same number and color pixels 191 according to the same procedure. Each of the optical axes 176 ′ of the microlenses 173 is parallel to the optical axis 180.

The emission-side focal point of the micro lens 173 is set in the vicinity of the corresponding color pixel 191. Thereby, the micro lens 173 makes the second Fresnel lens arrays 167R, 167G, 167B and the color pixels 191 have a conjugate relationship. Specifically, the red pixel area 191
A real image of the red second Fresnel lens array 167R is formed on R. Similarly, real images of the green and blue second Fresnel lens arrays 167G and 167B are formed for the green and blue pixel regions 191G and 191B, respectively. Here, the second
The size, shape, and arrangement of the Fresnel lens arrays 167R, 167G, and 167B are appropriately set, and these real images are arranged on the pixel openings 192R, 192G, and 192B of the corresponding colors.

FIG. 21 shows the pixel openings 192R, 192G,
Second Fresnel Lens Array 16 Formed on 192B
7R, 167G, 167B real images 201R, 201G,
An example of 201B is schematically shown. Specifically, since a real image of the light emitter corresponding to the number of divisions is formed on the second Fresnel lens array 167R, the light emitter on the second Fresnel lens array 167R is placed on the red pixel opening 192R. A real image will be formed. In FIG. 21, for convenience,
The outline of the real image 201R of the second Fresnel lens array 167R is indicated by wavy lines. The real image of the second Fresnel lens array 167R is the center of gravity 2 of the red pixel aperture 192R.
02R. Second Fresnel lens array 16
When the size of the 7R and the magnification of the optical system from the second Fresnel lens array 167R to the pixel opening 192R are appropriately determined so that most of the light forming the real image can pass through the pixel opening 192R, the light loss is suppressed. It is preferable because it is possible. Therefore, the effective spread of the real image is caused by the pixel aperture 192.
It should be approximately inscribed in R. The above relationship is the same for the second green and blue Fresnel lens arrays 167G and 167B and the pixel openings 192G and 192B.

In this manner, the light 176R, 176G, 176B that has efficiently passed through each pixel opening 192R, 192G, 192B of the liquid crystal panel 174 is
9, the image is enlarged and projected on a screen (not shown).

The projection lens 179 comprises a condenser lens 177 and a main lens 178. The condenser lens 177 is
The light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 174 is efficiently transmitted to the main lens 1.
Since the light is incident on the projection lens 78, the aperture of the main lens 178 can be reduced, and as a result, there is an advantage that the projection lens 179 can be reduced in size.

With the above operation, the projection display apparatus shown in FIG. 16 can efficiently use the light radiated from the lamp 1. Further, light loss in the color filters of the liquid crystal panel 174 can be improved, and illumination with high light use efficiency can be realized. In addition, the light of each color is superimposed on the liquid crystal panel 1.
By illuminating 74, it is possible to realize illumination with very low brightness and color unevenness and extremely high uniformity, and display quality of a projected image is greatly improved. Further, since light reaching the black matrix region of the liquid crystal panel is reduced and light passing through the opening is increased, illumination with high light use efficiency can be realized.

Although the example in which the relay optical system is configured using the Fresnel lens array has been described, the relay optical system may be configured using a lens array including a spherical lens or an aspherical lens.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 22 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Elliptical mirror 211, plano-concave lens 212, polarization separation optical system 213,
The structure other than the half-wave plate 214 is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.

The light radiated from the metal halide lamp 1 is condensed by the ellipsoidal mirror 211 and converted into light traveling substantially parallel to the optical axis 180 by the plano-concave lens 212 arranged on the optical path. The light having a random polarization direction emitted from the plano-concave lens 212 is reflected by the polarization separation optical system 213.
Is converted into linearly polarized light having a uniform polarization direction by the half-wave plate 214.

The linearly polarized light illuminates the liquid crystal panel 174 by the same operation as in the fifth embodiment. LCD panel 1
The polarization axis of the incident side polarizing plate 74 is made to coincide with the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light. The projection lens 179 magnifies the optical image formed on the liquid crystal panel 174 to a screen (not shown).
Project on top.

As in the fourth embodiment, the optical fiber has a problem that the plane of polarization of the propagating light becomes unstable.
Therefore, the polarization planes of the incident light and the outgoing light may be different. Therefore, the optical fiber is preferably a polarization maintaining fiber that retains the polarization planes of the incident light and the outgoing light.

According to the above configuration, in addition to the effect of the fifth embodiment, since light having a random polarization direction emitted by the lamp is converted into linearly polarized light having a uniform polarization plane and incident on the liquid crystal panel, the light is Usage efficiency can be greatly improved.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 23 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. The projection display device is a metal halide lamp 1,
Parabolic mirror 2, UV-IR cut filter 3, red reflection dichroic mirror 221, blue reflection dichroic mirror 222, microlens arrays 223R, 223G, 2
23B, optical fiber bundles 224R, 224G, 224B,
It comprises a liquid crystal panel 225 and a projection lens 226.

Metal halide lamp 1, parabolic mirror 2, U
The V-IR cut filter 3 is the same as in the first embodiment.

The liquid crystal panel 225 has the same configuration as that of the fifth embodiment, and is configured by arranging stripe-shaped color pixels two-dimensionally.

The white light radiated from the lamp 1 is separated by the dichroic mirrors 221 and 222 into light of three primary colors. The green component light that passes through the dichroic mirrors 221 and 222 and goes straight
G and the optical fiber bundle 224G make the liquid crystal panel 2 more efficient.
It is led to 25.

The optical fiber bundle 224G is configured by bundling the same number of optical fibers as green color pixels, and the incident side thereof is configured to be inscribed in a circle formed by the illumination light, as in FIG. The emission side is arranged so that one optical fiber corresponds to one pixel opening of the green color pixel.
Similarly, for the red and blue lights, respectively, the liquid crystal panel 2
It is efficiently guided to the pixel openings of the 25 red and blue color pixels.

FIG. 24 shows a color pixel 231 of red, green, and blue.
It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement | positioning of the color pixel structure 231 and optical fiber 232R, 232G, 232B which make R, 231G, 231B 1 unit. Optical fiber 2 for guiding red light
32R is arranged such that its emission end face is close to the red color pixel 231R, and the center of the end face is approximately coincident with the center of gravity 234R of the pixel opening 233R of the red color pixel 231R. Optical fibers 232G and 23 for guiding green and blue light
2b, the color pixels 231G, 2
It is arranged corresponding to 31B.

According to the above configuration, the light radiated from the lamp 1 is separated into light of three primary colors, and the light of each color is separated into the optical fiber bundle 2.
24R, 224G, and 224B can efficiently reach the pixel openings 233R, 233G, and 233B of the liquid crystal panel 225, so that the light use efficiency can be significantly improved. As long as the optical fibers 232R, 232G, and 232B have a spherical output surface and a converging fiber having a light condensing function, light incident on the black matrix of the liquid crystal panel 225 can be reduced, and the light use efficiency is further improved. I do.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the spherical fiber 241 and the pixel aperture 242. Spherical fiber 24
If the pixel aperture 242 is arranged near the exit-side focal point of No. 1,
The light emitted from the core portion 243 of the spherical fiber 241 is
Light can be efficiently collected on the corresponding pixel opening 242. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of pixel apertures of a color pixel and collected light. Center of gravity 25 of green color pixel aperture 233G
In 1G, a condensing spot 252G of green light is formed. Similarly, red and blue color pixel openings 233R, 233
Red and blue condensed spots 252R and 252B are formed at the center of gravity 251R and 251B of B, respectively.

According to the above configuration, since the light emitted from the lamp can be efficiently guided to each color pixel, the light use efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the optical system can be simply configured, and a compact and bright projection display device can be realized.

Optical fiber bundles 224R, 224G, 224
B is composed of twice as many optical fibers as the color pixels of each color, and the emission side thereof has pixel openings 233R, 233G, 233 of each color of the color pixel structure 231 as shown in FIG.
B, two optical fibers 232R, 232G,
232B may correspond to each other. In particular, if the optical fibers 232R, 232G, and 232B are spherical fibers, the light use efficiency can be greatly improved by the same operation as described above.

FIG. 28 shows each pixel opening 2 of the color pixel structure.
Each of the pixel openings 233R, 233G, and 23 in the case where two spherical fibers correspond to 33R, 233G, and 233B.
It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between 3B and condensing spots 261R, 261G, 261B. By arranging two spherical fibers in one color pixel, two condensed spots are formed in the pixel aperture. When two optical fibers correspond to one color pixel, the ratio of the illumination area to the pixel aperture area becomes larger than when only one fiber is used. There is an advantage that deterioration of image quality due to light leakage of the portion can be suppressed.

The cross-sectional area of the light illuminating the incident surface of the optical fiber bundle and the cross-sectional area of the input end and the output end of the optical fiber may be appropriately changed according to the area of the liquid crystal panel. May be used as a tapered fiber.

(Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 29 is a configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. An ellipsoidal mirror 271, a plano-concave lens 272, a polarization separation optical system 273,
Except for the half-wave plate 274, the configuration is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

According to the above configuration, a compact, bright, high-quality projection display device can be realized by the same operation as in the seventh embodiment. In addition, since the liquid crystal panel 225 is converted into linearly polarized light having a uniform polarization direction by the polarization separation optical system 273 and the half-wave plate 274, the light emitted from the lamp 1 can be used more efficiently. There is.

The optical fiber is preferably a polarization maintaining fiber that retains the polarization plane of the incident light and the outgoing light.

In the above-described first to eighth embodiments, an example has been described in which the light guide means uses an optical fiber bundle.
It is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 30, a light reflecting film 282 made of aluminum, silver, or the like may be deposited on the outer periphery of the glass rod 281 to form a structure.

Although an example in which a twisted nematic liquid crystal is used as the spatial light modulator has been described, an optical image is formed as a change in optical characteristics, such as a liquid crystal panel of another system or an electro-optic crystal. If there is, it can be used as the spatial light modulator of the present invention.

[0144]

As described above, the projection display apparatus of the present invention can efficiently guide the light radiated from the lamp to the spatial light modulator by the light guiding means. In addition, the polarization separation optical system converts the light emitted from the lamp, which has a random polarization direction, into linearly polarized light with the same polarization direction, so that the light use efficiency can be greatly improved, and bright, high-quality images can be obtained. Can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a configuration of an optical fiber bundle according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the optical fiber according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a microlens array according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the optical fiber according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement of an optical fiber bundle and a microlens array according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the microlens array according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a first lens array according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a second lens array according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the microlens array according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the optical fiber bundle according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the arrangement of the optical fiber bundle and the microlens array in the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a configuration of a first Fresnel lens array according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a configuration of a second Fresnel lens array according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a color pixel structure of a liquid crystal panel in Embodiment 5.

FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an arrangement of a color pixel structure and a microlens array in Embodiment 5.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a real image of a second Fresnel lens array formed on a color pixel opening in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a color pixel structure and an arrangement of optical fibers according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the spherical fiber according to the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a condensed spot formed on a color pixel opening in Embodiment 7.

FIG. 27 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a color pixel structure and an arrangement of optical fibers according to the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the converging spot formed on the color pixel opening in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a projection display apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another light guide means of the projection display device of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional projection display device.

FIG. 32 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 33 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of another conventional projection display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal halide lamp 2 Parabolic mirror 3 UV-IR cut filter 4 Blue reflection dichroic mirror 5 Green reflection dichroic mirror 6 Flat mirror 7 Micro lens array 8 Optical fiber bundle 9R, 9G, 9B Liquid crystal panel 10 Dichroic prism 11 Projection lens 21 Light Fiber 82 First lens array 85 Second lens array 87R, 87G, 87B Field lens 141 Red reflection dichroic mirror 142 Blue reflection dichroic mirror 143R, 143B Micro lens array 144R, 144B Optical fiber bundle 151 Elliptical mirror 152 Plano-concave lens 153 Polarized beam Splitter 154 Right angle prism for total reflection 155 Polarization separation optical system 156 1/2 wavelength plate 161 Red reflection dichroic mirror 162 Blue reflection dichroic 163R, 163B Micro lens array 164R, 164B Optical fiber bundle 165R, 165G, 165B First Fresnel lens array 167R, 167G, 167B Second Fresnel lens array 170R, 170B Flat mirror 172 Color separation micro lens array 174 Liquid crystal panel 179 Projection Lens 211 Elliptic mirror 212 Plano-concave lens 213 Polarization separation optical system 214 1/2 wavelength plate 221 Red reflection dichroic mirror 222 Blue reflection dichroic mirror 223R, 223G, 223B Micro lens array 224R, 224G, 224B Optical fiber bundle 225 Liquid crystal panel 226 Projection Lens 271 Ellipsoidal mirror 272 Plano-concave lens 273 Polarization separation optical system 274 1/2 wavelength plate

Claims (40)

[Claims] A light source that emits light containing color components of three primary colors; a light condensing unit that collects light emitted from the light source; Color separation means for separating light into light, first, second and third spatial light modulation elements which are spatially modulated to form an optical image and are illuminated by the respective output lights from the color separation means; A color combining unit that combines output light from each of the spatial light modulators; a projection unit that receives output light from the color combiner and projects an optical image of each of the spatial light modulators; A projection display device comprising: a light guide means in at least the optical path having the longest optical path length among the optical output surfaces of the respective colors and the optical paths reaching the respective light modulation elements. 2. A light source for emitting light containing three primary color components; a light collecting means for collecting light emitted from the light source; and a light having a random polarization direction collected by the light collecting means. Polarization splitting means for splitting into two linearly polarized lights of polarized light and P-polarized light and emitting the two linearly polarized lights in substantially the same direction; and being arranged in at least one of the optical paths of the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light. Polarization plane rotating means for making the directions substantially the same; color separating means for separating the output light of the polarization separating means into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue; and forming an optical image by spatially modulating the light. First, second and third spatial light modulating elements respectively illuminated by the respective output lights from the color separating means; a color synthesizing means for synthesizing the output lights from the respective spatial light modulating elements; Each of the spaces receiving the output light from the combining means Projection means for projecting an optical image of a modulation element, and light guide means in an optical path having at least the longest optical path length among light output surfaces of the respective colors of the color separation means and optical paths reaching the respective light modulation elements. Characteristic projection display device. 3. The color separating means comprises first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors and a plane mirror arranged substantially in parallel with each other, and a first mirror reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror. Is guided to the first spatial light modulator via the plane mirror, and the second color reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror is transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the third color is guided to a second spatial light modulator, the light of the third color transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to a third spatial light modulator via a light guide, 3. The projection display device according to claim 1, wherein the optical path lengths from the first to the first and second spatial light modulators are substantially equal. 4. A color separating means comprising first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors intersecting in an X-shape, wherein said second dielectric multilayer mirror is reflected by said first dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the first color transmitted through the film mirror is guided to the first spatial light modulation element via the first light guide means, and transmitted through the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors to travel straight. The light of the second color is guided to the second spatial light modulator, and the light of the third color that is reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror and transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror is the second spatial light modulator. 3. The projection display device according to claim 1, wherein the light is guided to a third spatial light modulation element via a light guide. 5. The projection type display device according to claim 1, wherein the color synthesizing means is a dichroic prism formed by joining four right-angle prisms. 6. The projection type display device according to claim 1, wherein the light guide means is formed by bundling a plurality of optical fibers having a circular cross section. 7. The projection type display device according to claim 6, wherein a microlens array in which the same number of microlenses as the optical fibers are two-dimensionally arranged is disposed near the incident side of the optical fibers. 8. The projection type display device according to claim 1, wherein a uniform illumination optical system is arranged near an emission side of the light source. 9. The uniform illumination optical system includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are two-dimensionally arranged, and a second lens array in the same number as the first lenses, two-dimensionally arranged. 9. The projection display device according to claim 8, comprising a second lens array. 10. The projection type display device according to claim 2, wherein the polarization separation means comprises a polarization beam splitter and a right angle prism. 11. The polarizing plane rotating means is １ ／ of a film.
3. The projection type display device according to claim 2, wherein the projection type display device is a wave plate. 12. The projection display apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the light guiding means is an optical fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of polarization maintaining optical fibers for maintaining the polarization direction of the incident light and emitting the light. . 13. A light source that emits light containing three primary color components, a light condensing unit that condenses light emitted by the light source, and an output light from the light condensing unit that outputs three primary colors of red, green, and blue. A micro-lens array in which each of the three primary colors of light emitted from the color separating device enters from different angles; and a spatially arranged light disposed near the emission side of the micro-lens array. A spatial light modulator that modulates light to form an optical image;
First, second, and third relay optical means arranged on each optical path of light of the primary color, projection means for projecting the optical image, light output surface of each color of the color separation means, and each relay optical means Light guiding means disposed in the optical path having the longest optical path length among the optical paths leading to, each of the relay optical means forms a light emitting surface that collects incident light and illuminates the microlens array, The optical path lengths from each of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors to the microlens array are substantially equal to each other. The microlens array arranges the real images of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors two-dimensionally. Modulates red, green and blue light respectively 3
A projection display device having a pixel structure in which pixels of primary colors are two-dimensionally arranged according to a predetermined rule, wherein each of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors is made to correspond to each of the pixels of the three primary colors. . 14. A light source for emitting light containing three primary color components, a light condensing means for condensing light emitted by the light source, and a light having a random polarization direction condensed by the light condensing means. Polarization separating means for separating into two linearly polarized lights of S-polarized light and P-polarized light and emitting the two linearly polarized lights in substantially the same direction; and being arranged in at least one of the optical paths of the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light. Polarization plane rotating means for making the polarization directions substantially the same; color separation means for separating the output light of the polarization separation means into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue; and light of three primary colors emitted from the color separation means. A microlens array, each of which is incident from a different angle, a spatial light modulator that is arranged near the emission side of the microlens array to spatially modulate light to form an optical image, Microphone 3 leading to the lens array
First, second, and third relay optical means arranged on each optical path of light of the primary color, projection means for projecting the optical image, light output surface of each color of the color separation means, and each relay optical means Light guiding means disposed in the optical path having the longest optical path length among the optical paths leading to, each of the relay optical means forms a light emitting surface that collects incident light and illuminates the microlens array, The optical path lengths from each of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors to the microlens array are substantially equal to each other. The microlens array arranges the real images of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors two-dimensionally. Modulates red, green and blue light respectively 3
A projection display device having a pixel structure in which pixels of primary colors are two-dimensionally arranged according to a predetermined rule, wherein each of the light emitting surfaces of the three primary colors is made to correspond to each of the pixels of the three primary colors. . 15. A color separating means comprising first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors and a plane mirror arranged substantially in parallel with each other, and a first mirror reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror. Light of the second color is guided to the first relay optical means via the plane mirror, transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror, and reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror. The light is guided to a second relay optical unit. The third color light transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to a third relay optical unit via the light guiding unit. 15. The projection display device according to claim 13, wherein the optical path lengths reaching the first and second relay optical units are substantially equal. 16. A color separating means comprising first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors intersecting in an X-shape, wherein said second dielectric multilayer mirror is reflected by said first dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the first color transmitted through the film mirror is guided to the first relay optical means via the first light guide means, and the second light which travels straight through the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors is transmitted. The light of the third color is guided to the second relay optical means, and the light of the third color reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror and transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror is the second light guide. 15. The projection type display device according to claim 13, wherein the projection type display device is guided to a third relay optical unit via the unit. 17. The projection display device according to claim 13, wherein the color synthesizing means is a dichroic prism formed by joining four right-angle prisms. 18. The projection type display device according to claim 13, wherein the light guide means is configured by bundling a plurality of optical fibers having a circular cross section. 19. The projection display device according to claim 18, wherein a microlens array in which the same number of microlenses as the optical fibers are two-dimensionally arranged is arranged near the incident side of the optical fibers. 20. A relay optical means, comprising: a first lens and a second lens.
A first lens that converges light incident on the lens near an opening of the second lens to form a light-emitting surface; and a second lens that is near the first lens. Forming a real image of the object near the opening of the third lens;
15. The projection display apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the third lens converts light emitted from the center of gravity of the light emitting surface into light that travels substantially in parallel with each other. 21. The relay optical means includes a first lens array, a second lens array, and a third lens array, wherein the first lens array has a plurality of first lenses arranged therein.
The second lens array includes the same number of pairs of second lenses as the first lenses, and each of the first lenses collects light incident on the lenses near an opening of the corresponding second lens. Each of the second lenses forms a real image of an object near the corresponding first lens in a superimposed manner near an opening of the third lens, and the third lens is configured to be the second lens. 15. The projection display device according to claim 13, wherein the light emitted from the center of gravity of the light emitting surface near the lens array is made to travel substantially parallel to each other. 22. The projection display device according to claim 14, wherein the polarization separation means comprises a polarization beam splitter and a right-angle prism. 23. The projection type display device according to claim 14, wherein said polarization plane rotating means is a film-shaped half-wave plate. 24. The projection display apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the light guide means is an optical fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of polarization-maintaining optical fibers for holding and emitting the polarization direction of the incident light. . 25. A light source that emits light containing three primary color components, a light condensing unit that condenses light emitted by the light source, and an output light of the light condensing unit that outputs three primary colors of red, green, and blue. A spatial light modulator that spatially modulates light to form an optical image and is illuminated by each output light from the color separator, and an optical image of the spatial light modulator. And a first, second, and third light guide means, wherein the spatial light modulation element two-dimensionally modulates pixels that modulate red, green, and blue light in accordance with a predetermined rule. A pixel structure in which the first light guide means is arranged between a red light emitting surface of the color separation means and a pixel of the spatial light modulator which modulates red light; Second light guide means is arranged between the green light exit surface of the separation means and the pixel for modulating green light of the spatial light modulator. Projection display apparatus characterized by disposing the third light guide means between the pixels for modulating the blue light of the spatial light modulator and the light emitting surface of the blue of the color separation means. 26. A light source that emits light containing three primary color components, a light condensing means for condensing light emitted by the light source, and a light whose polarization direction condensed by the light condensing means is random. Polarization separating means for separating into two linearly polarized lights of S-polarized light and P-polarized light and emitting the two linearly polarized lights in substantially the same direction; and being arranged in at least one of the optical paths of the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light. A polarization plane rotating means for making the polarization directions substantially the same, a color separation means for separating the output light of the polarization separation means into light of three primary colors of red, green, and blue; and an optical image formed by spatially modulating light. A spatial light modulation element formed and illuminated by each output light from the color separation means; a projection means for projecting an optical image of the spatial light modulation element; and first, second, and third light guide means. And the spatial light modulators emit red, green, and blue light, respectively. Has a pixel structure in which pixels to be adjusted are two-dimensionally arranged in accordance with a predetermined rule, between the red light emission surface of the color separation means and the pixel of the spatial light modulator that modulates red light. A first light guide unit; a second light guide unit between a green light emitting surface of the color separation unit and a pixel of the spatial light modulator that modulates green light; 3. A projection display device comprising a third light guiding means disposed between a blue light emitting surface of a separating means and a pixel of the spatial light modulator which modulates blue light. 27. A color separating means comprising first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors and a plane mirror arranged substantially parallel to each other, and a first mirror reflected by the first dielectric multilayer mirror. Is guided to the first spatial light modulator via the plane mirror, and the second color reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror is transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the third color is guided to a second spatial light modulator, the light of the third color transmitted through the second dielectric multilayer mirror is guided to a third spatial light modulator via a light guide, 27. The projection display apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the optical path lengths from the first to the first and second spatial light modulators are substantially equal. 28. A color separating means comprising first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors intersecting in an X-shape, wherein said second dielectric multilayer mirror is reflected by said first dielectric multilayer mirror. The light of the first color transmitted through the film mirror is guided to the first spatial light modulation element via the first light guide means, and transmitted through the first and second dielectric multilayer mirrors to travel straight. The light of the second color is guided to the second spatial light modulator, and the light of the third color that is reflected by the second dielectric multilayer mirror and transmitted through the first dielectric multilayer mirror is the second spatial light modulator. 27. The projection type display device according to claim 25, wherein the light is guided to a third spatial light modulator via a light guide. 29. The projection display device according to claim 25, wherein the color synthesizing means is a dichroic prism formed by joining four right-angle prisms. 30. The projection display device according to claim 25, wherein the light guide means is formed by bundling a plurality of optical fibers having a circular cross section. 31. The optical fiber according to claim 30, wherein the optical fiber is a tapered fiber having different diameters at an input end and an output end.
The projection type display device according to the above. 32. A microlens array comprising the same number of microlenses as the optical fibers arranged two-dimensionally on the incident side of the optical fibers.
0. The projection display apparatus according to item 0. 33. The projection display apparatus according to claim 30, wherein each pixel for modulating red, green, and blue light and each optical fiber for guiding light of each color form an equal number of pairs. 34. A pixel structure, wherein each pixel for modulating red, green, and blue light and an optical fiber for guiding light of each color make a one-to-two pair with each other in a stripe shape. Item 30. The projection display device according to Item 30. 35. The optical fiber according to claim 33, wherein the end face on the emission side is a spherical fiber having a condensing function.
35. A projection display device according to claim 34. 36. The projection display device according to claim 26, wherein the polarization separating means comprises a polarization beam splitter and a right-angle prism. 37. A polarizing plane rotating means comprising a film half
The projection display device according to claim 26, wherein the projection display device is a wave plate. 38. The projection display apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the light guide means is an optical fiber bundle formed by bundling a plurality of polarization maintaining optical fibers for maintaining the polarization direction of the incident light and emitting the same. . 39. Color separation means for separating output light from a light source which emits light containing color components of three primary colors into light of three primary colors of red, green and blue, and each output light from the color separation means. First, second, and third optical processing means respectively illuminated; first, second, and third optical paths for guiding each output light from the color separation means to the optical processing means; Light guiding means disposed in a light path having a longer optical path length, wherein the optical loss of all output lights input to each of the optical processing means is substantially the same. Optical device. 40. A light guide means comprising an optical fiber having a circular cross section, a microlens disposed on a light incident side end face side of the optical fiber, and a focal point of the microlens near the light incident side end face of the optical fiber. 40. The optical device according to claim 39, wherein: