JPH10317290A - Recycling of waste paper and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize an apparatus and improve the waste paper utilization ratio, by blowing a recycled pulp obtained by disintegrating cut waste paper onto a rotatable endless fibrous sheet of a paper machine and then drying the resultant pulp. SOLUTION: A waste paper dicarded in an office, etc., is cut with a shredder and then disintegrated with a first pulper 12 and a second pulper 14 to provide a recycled pulp P, which is subsequently placed in a chest 16. A binder T such as polyvinyl alcohol is then added thereto and the resultant mixture is stored while being slowly stirred. The recycled pulp P is subsequently filled in a jetting device 18 and blown on a rotatable endless fibrous sheet provided in a paper machine 24, then dried with a drying roller and wound to afford the final product F.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for recycling used paper such as copy paper and type paper cut by a document cutting machine installed in an office or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, goods are abundant and convenient products and high-grade products are easily available. On the other hand, waste that has become unnecessary due to disposable use or replacement is noticeable. In this connection, there is a need for measures for recycling and garbage, resource reuse and waste disposal in various fields. Among them, the use of waste paper can save resources (wood), reduce paper waste, and use less energy than wood instead of paper. Help me. Papermaking raw materials, which are supported by domestic and foreign forest resources, are bottoming out, leading to the devastation of the earth itself.

[0003] Regeneration of pulp hardly requires a conventional pulp manufacturing process, and can greatly save energy.
Compared to making paper from wood, the consumption of heavy oil, steam, water and electricity is about 1/3. One ton of used paper is equivalent to about 20 green standing trees, and the reuse of used paper contributes to the protection of forest resources and the global environment.

[0004] However, the conventional used paper recycling / recycling apparatus requires a large space, and one process requires large equipment.
Not many have been established due to financial problems. Further, since a large amount of water is used in the dust removal and cleaning processes, the cost is increased and the installation area is limited.

[0005] Furthermore, there are problems such as trouble in collection time and difficulty in sorting used paper, and effective recycling activities have not been carried out. In addition, the paper exiting the office is cut by a document cutter to prevent confidential leaks, and is finely chopped into millimeters before being sent to trash. If this is incinerated, it becomes a lump of ashes and can be landfilled.

[0006] However, a burden is imposed on the landfill that is approaching its limit because it is bulky as it is.
It is not meaningful to discard office paper garbage (document cutting machine used paper) that uses a lot of high-quality paper as it is now. The used paper recycling device has been downsized,
The above-mentioned problems can be solved to some extent by using the used paper of the document cutting machine by installing many.

The reason why the used paper of the document cutting machine is difficult to be recycled will be described below. (1) When the paper is cut by a document cutter, the volume of the paper expands several times, and the paper product before being used can be transported by a two-ton truck by two tons. , It is difficult to gather in the garbage disposal area. (2) The used paper for the document cutting machine is bulky and requires several times as much storage space as ordinary waste paper, and it is difficult to secure a storage place. (3) Since the used paper of the document cutting machine is put into a plastic bag for storage, it is necessary to treat the plastic bag after removing the used paper from the plastic bag, and it is difficult to process the collected paper. The precautions for using the used paper cutting machine are described below. (1) Because it is thin or finely cut,
During storage or when put into the pulper, it is scattered by the wind, which is troublesome. (2) Particularly finely cut ones float on water even when put into a pulper in the treatment step and are hardly dissolved. (3) Most of the paper cut by the document cutting machine is computer paper and copy paper, but also includes carbon paper and carbonless paper used as slip paper and thermal paper for facsimile (colored by heat). I have. These are contraindicated because they develop color and cause problems in appearance in the paper manufacturing process, and they cannot be removed at all by machine or hand. As described above, used paper cutters are troublesome for paper collectors and paper collectors.

[0008] Waste discharged from companies and households is roughly classified into general waste and industrial waste. General waste is classified as garbage and divided into urine and household wastewater, and garbage is classified into general garbage and oversized garbage. Paper is classified as combustible in this general waste.

[0009] As a law on waste, there is a "law on waste treatment and cleaning". This law stipulates the following five points. Reducing waste emissions. Recycle waste by using recycled products. Separating and discharging waste. Dispose of waste as much as you can. By implementing the above, we must cooperate with national and local governmental measures for waste reduction and proper disposal. Therefore, it is not only an ethical issue, but also a law,
It is necessary to consider waste disposal considering this.

[0010] Waste is first recycled as much as possible by sorting, and is further reduced by intermediate treatments such as incineration, crushing, dehydration, and composting. I have no choice but to landfill.
However, with the rapidly increasing amount of waste, securing final disposal sites and expanding the capacity of treatment facilities are no longer keeping up. Even proper separation of recyclable, combustible, and non-burnable materials at the time of discharge can significantly reduce final disposal volume. In addition, it is necessary to review the disposable culture, reduce the amount of bulky garbage by making effective use of waste, select products with consideration for recycling and intermediate processing, and cooperate with reinforcement of intermediate processing facilities.

The main raw material of paper is wood, and paper is made by producing pulp. The use of waste paper is necessary from the viewpoint of resource and energy savings.

[0012] Also, 51% of the paper and the paperboard consumed are recovered. The recovery rate of this paper gradually increases to 51%, and the usage rate of waste paper tends to be similar. Comparing these with the situation in various countries around the world, Japan
It is at the top level in terms of use. Speaking of trends in Japanese papermaking raw materials, in 1980, 41% of used paper and 2 of domestic timber were used.
7%, imported wood 23%, imported pulp 9%
In 993, 53% of used paper, 16.1% of domestic wood, and 2 imported wood
1.3%, imported pulp 9.4% and other 0.2%. It is clear that the use of domestic timber has dropped sharply, but this has been compensated for by the reuse of waste paper.

Considering that the reduction of imported materials is inevitable from the viewpoint of protection of the global environment, the need for used paper is expected to increase further in the future. Recovery rate of waste paper mentioned above 5
The value of 1% is an average value, and although not only toilet paper but many printed matter are not collected, newsprint and cardboard have reached a high collection rate. For example, the recovery rate of newspaper is 90%, and the yield at the time of recycled paper is tentatively set at 85%. If it were two months, the wood pulp initially used would be reduced to 3% of its original value in two years. In this sense, used paper is not an old fiber material.

FIG. 6 shows a conventional waste paper reprocessing step. In order to obtain recycled paper, recycled pulp (De-In
ked Pulp = DIP), starch, synthetic resin, and chemicals are mixed with other pulp such as mechanical pulp (GP, TMP) and chemical pulp (NBKP, LBKP) and made into paper with a paper machine. The paper manufacturing process will be briefly described below with reference to FIG.

(1) First, a pulper (large mixer) 4
The used paper R is disintegrated using 0. The pulper 40 is a machine that has a rotor 40a in a tank and disintegrates waste paper, waste paper, and the like into pieces using hydraulic or mechanical power. Then the concentration is squeezed and sent to the aging tower. The disintegration condition is P
There are H, temperature, and pulper concentration.

The PH waste paper treatment is generally performed in an alkaline range. In an alkaline solution, beating causes fiber swelling and paper strength is high, but it is said that the neutral side is the worst and should be avoided. Generally, the alkaline side is better.

Temperature The processing temperature at the time of beating does not have an extreme effect in the case of normal operation, but a difference in the beating speed or paper quality is recognized between summer and winter due to a large temperature difference. Beating tends to be slow in summer and fast in winter. As for the paper quality in summer, the beating tends to be incomplete, and the tensile strength and the bursting degree tend to be weak. The optimum temperature is not constant, but the lower the temperature, the faster the beating speed and a good quality paper can be obtained.

Pulper treatment density When the density is low, fibrous (a phenomenon in which the fibers gather on the edge of the roll and approach the fixed blade when the roll rotates)
Is small, the pressure applied to the individual fibers is large, and a cutting action is performed. When the concentration is high, the fibers inside the fiber rage are compressed and crushed by the fibers outside without touching the blades to produce a large fiber rage.
When the power is kept the same as the pulp concentration increases, the circulation speed decreases and the beating speed decreases.

An aging tower (not shown) is a tower that sufficiently reacts by adding chemicals (alkali, detergent, etc.) to the disintegrated waste paper, alkali swells for a long time, and removes ink or ink physically fixed on the fiber. Loosen the films. It swells the fibers with chemicals to facilitate the separation of foreign matter, and also acts to decompose and peel off the printing ink.

Swelling means that water molecules around the fiber are attracted to the fiber surface by being attracted to the OH groups of the fiber molecule, enter the fiber through the interstices or capillary voids of the fiber, and then penetrate into the molecular arrangement of the fiber element. To do.

(2) The screen device (dust removing device) 42 is a device for removing a material larger than the fiber through the mesh, and requires a large amount of water to remove dust remaining on the screen and keep the screen mesh clean. . In order to improve the screen effect, it is important to select, combine, and use the screen in consideration of two types of characteristics, such as a round hole shape and a slit shape. In order to increase the effect of selective selection, pulp including a certain amount of high-quality pulp is screened and subjected to a secondary screen. Operational precautions are important not only to keep the screen eyes clean at all times, but also to properly control the flow rate and concentration, monitor and adjust the operation status, and take care when stopping.

(3) The floatator device (deinking treatment) 44 attaches hydrophobic ink particles (carbon black particles) and the like dispersed in the pulp suspension to bubbles and floats them. This is a device that removes and removes floss. The properties of the surface of the ink particles dispersed in water are changed by the action of a chemical and adhere to air bubbles to float on the water surface. Then, the floss A in which the bubbles and the ink are collected is removed by scraping out the air with an air device 46 or the like.

[0023] The deinking process is to remove ink from the fiber after the ink remains on the fiber.
Simultaneously disintegrate the used printing paper with a pulper and add alkalis and detergent to increase the temperature to accelerate the reaction. While the used paper is disintegrated, the vehicle of the printing ink film is broken with alkali and further peptized until it becomes colloidal. The role of the detergent is to disperse the colloidal ink particles so that they do not re-adhere to the fibers because they have the property of easily aggregating. The colloidal hydrophobic ink particles are washed out of the pulp with a large amount of water or removed by flotation by foaming.

(4) The dewatering device 48 is a device for dewatering by utilizing the liquid level difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder.

(5) The chest 50 is a machine for storing the recycled pulp that has undergone the steps (1) to (4). The recycled pulp stored in the chest 50 will be described later. Paper making device 52
Thus, papermaking and final recycled paper E are obtained. In addition, in the adjusting step, the regenerated pulp obtained in the above-mentioned step, mechanical pulp, and chemical pulp may be mixed to obtain a final product.

The basic process of the papermaking apparatus is to print a thin, large-area paper so that the thickness, density, fiber direction, etc., are uniform regardless of the portion, and that there is no difference between the front and back sides. This is a step of making the paper so that the quality, including the strength of the paper, is uniform over the entire paper so that the appearance does not vary. As a practical matter, paper is strong in the flow direction (vertical) and weak in the horizontal direction. Despite the fact that the fibers are very well dispersed on the wire and have no specific orientation, the fibers move in the longitudinal direction due to the tension (drawing) received in the dryer and the tension that occurs naturally due to the shrinkage phenomenon of the fibers, resulting in the vertical and horizontal movement of the fibers. Direction comes out.

The basic structure of the apparatus 52 is as follows: well-swollen plant fibers are flowed and arranged on a drip-like or mesh-like (wire), dewatered, and mechanically pressed (pressed) in the case of machine-making. And then add water to heat (when machine making)
To evaporate the water (dryer) to make paper. Vegetable fibers are sufficiently swollen with water, a network is formed between the fibers, and dehydrated to form a wet sheet.

If this wet sheet is dried, it becomes paper as it is. It is very important that the plant fibers be sufficiently swollen with water. The main component of the plant fiber is cellulose, and the cellulose molecule is hydrophilic because it has countless hydroxyl groups (-OH groups), and the plant fiber mainly made of cellulose is also hydrophilic and easily adapts to water. .

When plant fibers are beaten, swollen, crushed, and supple in water, the fibers are brought together and adhere to each other by the action of the surface tension of water. Dehydration in such a state becomes more and more intimate and adheres to each other.

The wet sheet is mechanically dewatered by using a roll for water squeezing and the like to make the molecular weight as low as possible, and then the wet sheet is heated and evaporated to dryness to form paper. At this time, the main factor that constitutes the strength of the paper at this time is replaced by the surface tension of water in the case of a wet sheet, and this time it is a kind of chemical bond, a hydrogen bond.

Each part of the conventional paper making apparatus will be described below. In the wire part, the material injected from the slice is entangled on the wire to form a uniform fiber layer. Dewatering starts from the lower layer of the stock after leaving the slice, and a relatively long fiber mat is formed, and short fibers and fillers are deposited on the mat as it proceeds. The principle of dehydration is that when the wire leaves the roll, a vacuum state is created between the lower surface of the wire and the roll according to the speed, whereby water in the raw material is sucked. The vibration (shake) of the wire is to prevent coagulation of the stock and to uniformly disperse and entangle the fibers.

In the press part, the wet paper web leaving the coach contains around 80% moisture. The purpose of the press part is to squeeze this water with felt before drying it with expensive steam. Since there are wire marks and the surface has considerable irregularities, this is smoothed and the structure is made dense at the same time. This also increases the strength of the wet paper.

In the dryer part, press
The water squeezing limit up to the part is 60 to 65%, and thereafter steam drying is performed by a dryer. If the moisture after pressing is 1% lower, the steam of the dryer is reduced by 5%. Also, 1
100kg-200k with wire to make kg paper
g, 1 kg to 1.5 kg of water is dehydrated by a press and 1.5 kg to 2 kg of water is usually evaporated by a dryer.

Finally, the dried stock is polished by a glossing machine in which heavy rolls are stacked, wound up by a reel, and a plain one is sent to a cutter, and a wound one is sent to a winder.

The conventional used paper recycling apparatus has the above-described configuration and has the following problems. Each process is large. Installation area is limited. Large amounts of water are required. Waste paper from the document cutting machine is not recycled.

In order to solve such problems, it is necessary to reduce the size of the apparatus by introducing an innovative concept.
If this is feasible, it is possible to install a large number of used paper recycling devices at the company level, at the union level, at the estate level, or at local governments. The following three points can be considered as advantages of installing a large number of recycling apparatuses.

What has been incinerated (used paper cutting machine)
Is recycled, which leads to resource and energy savings. Reduction of collection time. Realization of effective recycling.

[0038]

In order to realize the above-mentioned advantages, it is necessary to reduce the size of a used paper recycling apparatus that can be recycled on an organizational basis. Attention will be paid to office waste (used paper cutting machine), which is made up of high quality paper abundantly, and by reducing the size of waste paper recycling equipment that can process this waste and installing it on a per-organization basis, we will improve the recovery rate and usage rate of waste paper. In miniaturization, the following three points are considered. Dust removal using a large amount of water
Simplification of the cleaning process. The appearance color of the paper due to restrictions on the purpose of use. Space saving in papermaking process.

The present invention eliminates the costs conventionally required for discarding waste paper, leads to resource and energy savings, does not require time and labor for sorting work, and does not require much space due to downsizing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for recycling used paper, in which the used paper, especially the used paper cutting machine, can be efficiently regenerated.

[0040]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a waste paper recycling method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: disintegrating waste paper cut by a document cutter into recycled pulp; and storing the recycled pulp. And a step of filling the recycled pulp in an injection device and spraying the fiber sheet, and a step of paper-making the recycled pulp sprayed on the fiber sheet.

The waste paper recycling apparatus of the present invention comprises: a pulp for pulverizing waste paper cut by a document cutting machine into recycled pulp; a chest for storing the recycled pulp; and an injection device for blowing the recycled pulp onto a fiber sheet. A papermaking apparatus for producing the recycled pulp having the fiber sheet and sprayed on the fiber sheet. The pulper preferably comprises two pulpers, a first pulper and a second pulper.

[0042]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for explaining the used paper recycling method of the present invention in accordance with each process, FIG. 2 is a conceptual illustration of a first pulper, FIG. 3 is a conceptual illustration of a second pulper, FIG.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual explanatory view of a chest and FIG. 5 is a conceptual explanatory view showing an ejection device and a paper making device.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a first pulper provided with stirring means 12a, and reference numeral 14 denotes a second pulper provided with stirring means 14a. The first pulper 12 (which becomes high temperature by low-temperature cooking) and the second pulper The disintegration of the raw material R (newspaper, copy paper document cutting machine used paper) is performed in two stages by 14, and the recycled pulp P is obtained.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a chest for storing the recycled pulp P, and the stored recycled pulp P has a binder T (flour,
Glue, PVA, etc.). The regenerated pulp P is stored in the chest 16 in a state of being constantly stirred gently.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a recycled pulp injection device for injecting the recycled pulp P to a predetermined position. The injection device 18 has a box-shaped injection device main body 20 and an injection hole 22 formed at an appropriate position on a side surface of the injection device main body 20. The regenerated pulp contained in the injection device main body 20 is configured such that pressure is applied to the regenerated pulp P using a pressure source such as compressed air, for example, a pressure cylinder, and the regenerated pulp P is injected from the injection holes 22. Have been.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a papermaking apparatus for making recycled pulp P, which has an endless fiber sheet 26. The fiber sheet 26 is rotatably mounted via a pair of rolls 28,28. On the fiber sheet 26, the injection device 1
By 8, the recycled pulp P is jetted in a sheet shape. The injected sheet-like recycled pulp P is dried by the drying roller 30 and wound by the winding roller 32 to become the final product F.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention, costs conventionally required for the disposal of waste paper become unnecessary, leading to resource and energy savings, and the sorting operation requires no time and effort and is miniaturized. Accordingly, a large number of installations can be performed without taking up space, and an effect is achieved in that the used paper, particularly the used paper of the document cutting machine can be efficiently recycled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic process explanatory view illustrating a used paper recycling method of the present invention according to each process.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual explanatory view of a first pulper.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual explanatory view of a second pulper.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a chest.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual explanatory view showing an injection device and a papermaking device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic process explanatory view showing a conventional used paper recycling method.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 12 first pulper, 12a stirring means, 14 second pulper, 14a stirring means, 16 chest, 18 regenerated pulp injection apparatus, 20 injection apparatus main body, 22 injection holes, 24 papermaking apparatus, 26 fiber sheet, 28 roll, 30 drying roller , 32 take-up roller, 40 pulper, 40a rotor, 42 screen device, 4
4 Flotator device, 46 air device, 48 dewatering device, 50 chest, 52 paper making device, A floss, E final recycled paper, F final product, T binding agent, P
Recycled pulp, raw material, waste paper

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A step of disintegrating waste paper cut by a document cutting machine into recycled pulp, storing the recycled pulp, filling the recycled pulp into an injection device, and spraying the fiber sheet onto a fiber sheet; A process of paper-making recycled pulp sprayed on the fiber sheet. 2. A pulp for disintegrating waste paper cut by a document cutting machine into recycled pulp, a chest for storing the recycled pulp, an injection device for spraying the recycled pulp on a fiber sheet, and the fiber sheet. A papermaking device for making recycled pulp sprayed on the fiber sheet. 3. The used paper recycling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said pulper comprises a first pulper and a second pulper.