JPH1030395A - Equipment ane method of driving cutter head - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To correspond to the shortage of torque and the number of revolution easily when torque is in short supply and the number of revolution is in short supply at the time of tunneling by installing a hydraulic motor and an electric motor and discretely driving a cutter head by each motor. SOLUTION: In a tunnel excavator for excavating a bedrock and excavating soil and sand, a hydraulic motor 5 and an electric motor 2 are installed, and a cutter head is driven discretely by each motor 2, 5. The transmission of driving force from each motor 2, 5 to the cutter head is changed over by a driving- force changeover means consisting of a coupling section 4, a control lever 8, etc., at that time. The electric motor 2 is used when low torque or revolution at high speed is required, and the hydraulic motor 5 is employed when high torque or revolution at low speed is needed. Accordingly, when torque is in short supply or the number of revolution is in short supply by the change of a stratum at the time of tunneling, the driving device can correspond to the short supply effectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a driving apparatus and a driving method for a cutter head in a tunnel excavator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A driving method of a cutter head in a tunnel excavator includes driving by an electric motor (electric driving) and driving by a hydraulic motor (hydraulic driving). this house,
In the case of the hydraulic drive, the hydraulic motor has characteristics suitable for use at high torque and low speed rotation as shown by an arrow P in FIG. In addition, the hydraulic motor itself becomes large, and the following devices such as a tank, a power unit, a valve, and a pipe become large, and there is a problem that a total loss is caused due to a loss of hydraulic pressure, and so on.

On the other hand, in the case of electric drive, the following three methods are available. A method in which the rotational speed is continuously changed by an inverter control motor. A method in which the number of revolutions is switched between two or three using a pole number conversion motor and a clutch. A method that does not use a direct-insertion motor and a clutch to change gears. Of these, the method using a pole number conversion motor has the advantage of being able to generate twice the rated torque in normal use, but has the disadvantage of requiring a larger space than a normal motor. There is a problem that the high-voltage transformer is affected in the system using the direct insertion motor. In addition, since these systems use a clutch, there is a problem that a space for mounting the clutch is required. On the other hand, in the method using the inverter control motor, the starting current can be suppressed as compared with the direct insertion.・ The number of rotations can be changed in multiple stages.・ Repair maintenance is relatively easy. Therefore, this method is often used. Here, the torque-rotation speed characteristic of the inverter control motor is represented by a diagram in which the torque is constant in a low rotation speed region as shown by an arrow Q in FIG. When this inverter control motor is used for a rock excavation tunnel excavator, the rated torque is often set based on the torque required for excavating a hard rock layer.

[0004]

However, this inverter-controlled electric motor is used as a tunnel excavator (T
In the case of BM), when excavating a hard rock layer by increasing the rotation speed of the cutter head, it is possible to excavate with a small torque, but when excavating, it is inserted into a ground where a high torque is required, such as a soft layer. When this occurs, there is a problem that a torque exceeding the torque upper limit A (see FIG. 5) cannot be generated even if the rotational speed is reduced.

In order to cope with such a problem, it is conceivable to use an electric motor having a large rated torque in advance so as to be able to cope with the soft layer of the ground. I need to prepare a big motor,
The space inside the machine becomes narrow, and in some cases, it becomes impossible to attach the electric motor, and there is a problem that the cost is unavoidable.

It is also conceivable to use a hydraulic motor having a large capacity. However, in such a case, an extremely large hydraulic motor is prepared, and the tank itself and the subsequent equipment for mounting the tank become large. However, there is a problem that the space inside the aircraft is narrowed and the cost is unavoidable.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and does not significantly increase the space for equipment and does not increase the cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a driving device and a driving method for a cutter head which can easily cope with the occurrence of the problem.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems and Functions / Effects To achieve the above-mentioned object, a cutter head driving device according to the present invention is a cutter head driving device for a tunnel excavator, comprising a hydraulic motor and an electric motor. , And the cutter heads are individually driven by these motors.

In the present invention, the cutter head is driven by an electric motor during low-torque or high-speed rotation as in the case of excavating a hard rock layer, and is operated by a hydraulic motor during a high-torque or low-speed rotation as in excavation of a soft rock layer. Driven by Thus, in a rock excavator in which ordinary excavation is performed by an electric motor, when a shortage of torque occurs depending on the electric motor, the shortage of torque can be resolved by a small hydraulic motor. In this case, for example, when excavating a soft layer, it is not necessary to necessarily use high torque, but when excavating the easily collapsed ground at low speed rotation, excavation without disturbing the ground by the hydraulic motor Can be. In addition, since it is not necessary to prepare a large electric motor or a large hydraulic motor only by adding a small hydraulic motor in this way, it is possible to effectively use a space for mounting a limited motor or the like or reduce the space. At the same time, the cost can be reduced as a whole. Furthermore, this drive device is particularly effective at the time of start-up when excavating an uphill inclined shaft which requires a high torque by receiving an overhead load. It is also effective for slowly adjusting the position of the cutter head by slowly rotating the cutter head when exchanging a disk cutter attached to the face plate of the cutter head, when exploring a face, or when improving the ground.

In the cutter head driving device according to the present invention, there is provided a driving force switching means for switching transmission of driving force from the hydraulic motor to the cutter head and transmission of driving force from the electric motor to the cutter head. Preferably. In this case, it is preferable that the hydraulic motor be provided on the drive shaft of the electric motor via a connection / disconnection means. According to such a configuration, the hydraulic motor can be arranged in the smallest space, which greatly contributes to cost reduction and compactness. Instead of such a configuration, the electric motor and the hydraulic motor may be provided separately, and each of these motors may be drivingly connected to a driving gear of the cutter head.

Next, a method for driving a cutter head according to the present invention is a method for driving a cutter head in a tunnel excavator, wherein the cutter head is driven by selectively using either an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. It is characterized by doing. Also in this driving method, the same operation and effect as those of the above-described driving device can be obtained.

In this case, the electric motor is preferably used when low torque or high speed rotation is required, and the hydraulic motor is preferably used when high torque or low speed rotation is required.

[0013]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a driving apparatus and a driving method of a cutter head according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a rear view of a cutter head driving section according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of a reduction motor with a hydraulic motor provided in the cutter head driving section. The figure is shown.

In the cutter head driving device according to the present embodiment, four reduction motors 1 with a hydraulic motor are mounted on a driving portion support, and the cutter head provided on the front side is rotationally driven by these reduction motors 1 with a hydraulic motor. It is configured to be. In this reduction motor 1 with a hydraulic motor, a reduction gear 3 is disposed in front of the electric motor 2 (on the cutter head side), and a coupling section 4 is provided at the rear of the electric motor 2 as a disconnecting means. A hydraulic motor 5 is provided, and an output shaft of the speed reducer 3 is connected to a drive gear of the cutter head.

As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 3, the coupling portion 4 is constituted by a clutch (jaw clutch) for connecting and disconnecting the drive shaft 6 of the electric motor 2 and the drive shaft 7 of the hydraulic motor 5. Have been. This clutch operates the operating lever 8
By the operation described above, the cutting position (the position shown in FIG. 3A) where the spline sleeve 9 engages only with the drive shaft 7 of the hydraulic motor 5 to cut between the drive shafts 6 and 7 and the drive of the electric motor 2 It can be switched between a coupling position (a position shown in FIG. 3B) in which both the shaft 6 and the drive shaft 7 of the hydraulic motor 5 are engaged and the drive of the drive shaft 7 is transmitted to the drive shaft 6 side. It has become. The coupling unit 4 is provided with a limit switch 10 that is turned on when the operation lever 8 is at the cutting position. The limit switch 10 is used to confirm that the coupling unit 4 is in a disconnected state when the electric motor 2 is rotated at a high speed.
In other words, when the electric motor 2 rotates, the coupling portion 4
Is provided to prevent the hydraulic motor 8 from being damaged due to being at the connection position.

In the cutter head driving device having such a configuration, when the hard rock layer is excavated by the tunnel excavator for rock excavation, the operation lever 8 is operated to the cutting position and the electric motor 2 is driven. Thus, the cutter head is driven to rotate by the electric motor 2 alone via the drive shaft 6. On the other hand, when the tunnel excavator reaches, for example, a soft layer and requires high torque at low speed rotation, the electric motor 2 is stopped and the operation lever 8 is switched to the connection position to drive the hydraulic motor 5. Is done. Thus, the cutter head is driven to rotate only by the hydraulic motor 5 via the drive shaft 7 and the drive shaft 6. In addition,
While the electric motor 2 is rotating, the limit switch 1
When 0 is turned on, it can be confirmed that the operation lever 8 is at the cutting position.

In the above description, the case where the excavation of the soft layer is performed has been described. However, it is particularly effective to use the cutter head driving device of the present embodiment for excavation of the inclined shaft. In other words, in the excavation of this inclined shaft,
In particular, since an overload is applied to the cutter head at the time of startup, if the cutter head is switched to hydraulic drive at the time of startup, a high torque can be generated and startup can be performed smoothly. Further, in the present embodiment, when replacing the disk cutter attached to the face plate of the cutter head, or when switching the cutter head to hydraulic drive during face exploration or ground improvement, the cutter head can be rotated slowly. This is particularly effective because the position can be finely adjusted.

Incidentally, the coupling portion 4, the operating lever 8 and the like in the present embodiment correspond to the driving force switching means in the present invention.

In this embodiment, the operation lever 8 is manually operated. However, the operation lever 8 may be operated electrically or hydraulically by a button operation.

Further, in this embodiment, the coupling part 4 is constituted by a clutch using the spline sleeve 9, but this coupling part is constituted by:
Other types of clutches may be used, and other disconnection means may be used.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a rear view of a cutter head driving unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the rear portion of the electric motor 2, but in the second embodiment, the electric motor 2 'and the hydraulic motor 5' are separately provided. .

As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, two electric motors (reduction motors) 2 ', 2' are disposed on the left and right, respectively.
A hydraulic motor 5 'is disposed in the middle of each of the electric motors, and the electric motor 2' and the hydraulic motor 5 'are respectively driven and connected to the driving gear of the cutter head. In this case, the electric motor 2 'or the hydraulic motor 5'
When the cutter head is driven by one of the motors, the other motor is separated from the cutter head via, for example, a clutch.

In such a configuration, when the hard rock layer is excavated by the tunnel excavator for rock excavation, only the electric motor 2 'is driven. On the other hand, when high torque is required at low speed rotation such as when approaching the soft layer. , Electric motor 2 '
Is stopped, and only the hydraulic motor 5 'is driven. Thus, similarly to the first embodiment, the electric motor 2 'and the hydraulic motor 5' can be selectively used for low-torque high-speed rotation and high-torque low-speed rotation according to characteristics. Also in the case of the present embodiment, it is preferable to provide a switch for confirming that the hydraulic motor 5 'is at the cutting position while the electric motor 2' is rotating.

In this embodiment, the electric motor 2 '
Alternatively, a clutch or the like provided between the hydraulic motor 5 'and the cutter head corresponds to the driving force switching means in the present invention.

(Third Embodiment) In each of the above embodiments,
Although the one provided with the clutch for connecting and disconnecting the drive shaft of the electric motor and the drive shaft of the hydraulic motor has been described, the drive shaft of these electric motors and the drive shaft of the hydraulic motor are directly connected, and when the electric motor is driven, An embodiment is also possible in which the pressure oil supplied to the motor is stopped, the hydraulic motor is idled, and the electric motor is stopped when the hydraulic motor is driven. An example of such a hydraulic motor capable of idling is a hydraulic motor manufactured by Pokren Hydraulics. As means for stopping the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor, a means provided with an on-off valve in a hydraulic circuit for supplying the hydraulic motor, or a means having a means for stopping generation or transmission of rotational force by the hydraulic motor itself and so on.

In each of the above embodiments, it is preferable to use an inverter control motor as the electric motor, but it is also possible to use another type of motor such as a pole number conversion motor.

In each of the above embodiments, a tunnel excavator for rock excavation is taken as an example, and an electric motor is used at the time of normal excavation to switch to hydraulic motor drive when a soft layer is encountered. Needless to say, it can be applied to a shield machine. In each of the above-described embodiments, for a portion where the torque-rotation speed characteristic of the electric motor and the torque-rotation speed characteristic of the hydraulic motor overlap, it is possible to appropriately select which drive method is used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear view of a cutter head driving unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a reduction motor with a hydraulic motor provided in a cutter head driving unit.

FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are explanatory diagrams of the operation of a reduction motor with a hydraulic motor.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a cutter head driving unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing torque-rotation speed characteristics of an inverter control electric motor and a hydraulic motor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reduction motor with hydraulic motor 2, 2 'electric motor 3 Reduction gear 4 Coupling part (connection / disconnection means) 5, 5' Hydraulic motor 6 Drive shaft 7 Drive shaft 8 Operating lever 9 Spline sleeve 10 Limit switch

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A driving device for a cutter head in a tunnel excavator, comprising a hydraulic motor and an electric motor,
A cutter head driving device, wherein the cutter head is individually driven by each of these motors. 2. The cutter head according to claim 1, further comprising a driving force switching unit that switches transmission of driving force from the hydraulic motor to the cutter head and transmission of driving force from the electric motor to the cutter head. Drive. 3. The cutter head driving device according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic motor is provided on a driving shaft of the electric motor via a connection / disconnection means. 4. The cutter head driving device according to claim 2, wherein the electric motor and the hydraulic motor are separately provided, and each of the motors is drivingly connected to a driving gear of the cutter head. 5. A method for driving a cutter head in a tunnel excavator, wherein the cutter head is driven by selectively using either an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. . 6. The cutter head driving method according to claim 5, wherein the electric motor is used when low torque or high speed rotation is required, and the hydraulic motor is used when high torque or low speed rotation is required.