JPH10302207A - Recording and reproducing apparatus and recording and reproducing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize an effective recording and reproducing operation when recording and reproducing a signal using a magnetic head while rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of different revolutions. SOLUTION: A magnetic disk 2 is rotated at a plurality of different revolutions by a spindle motor 3A, and a signal is recorded and reproduced by a magnetic head. As a reproducing magnetic head, a magnetic head of magneticflux response type having no dependency on a linear velocity is used. As a substrate material of a magnetic disk 2, a ceramic material having a large thermal conductivity is used so as to suppress deformation or the like of the disk due to an impact or an increase in temperature. A system is composed by appropriately combining a floating-type magnetic head or a contacting- type magnetic head with rotating modes, and a running system most appropriate for revolutions of the disk is realized over a sufficiently wide range of the linear velocity. Furthermore, a signal processing operation at a signal processing circuit 5 is changed in accordance with a low speed rotation mode and a high speed rotation mode to obtain an improved S/N ratio or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a recording / reproducing apparatus and a recording / reproducing method which are suitably applied to a storage device for storing, for example, computer data, audio data, video data and the like. Specifically, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal by a magnetic head.The signal is reproduced by using a magnetic flux response type magnetic head, and heat conduction is performed as a substrate material of the magnetic disk. The present invention relates to a recording / reproducing apparatus and the like in which a recording / reproducing operation is effectively performed by using a ceramic material having a high rate and appropriately combining a floating type or a contact type magnetic head with a rotation mode.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a tape type magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus,
The motor used as the rotation driving means has a mechanism capable of switching the motor characteristics in several kinds of rotation modes from low speed to high speed rotation. For example, in the case of a portable tape recorder, playback (playback) with one motor
In addition to performing low-speed tape running drive such as recording and recording, high-speed tape running drive such as fast-forward and rewind is performed although not in the recording / reproducing mode. At this time, a method is known in which the motor characteristics are switched between a constant-speed (low-speed) rotation state and a high-speed rotation state to drive the tape in order to make the tape run well.

On the other hand, disk-type magnetic recording / reproducing devices such as floppy disks and hard disks used as external storage devices of personal computers are generally C
It is based on the AV (Constant Angular Velocity) method, and the rotational angular velocity of a spindle motor as a rotational drive means is constant.

Further, in the case of a floppy disk drive, a CLV (Constant L) which switches the number of revolutions for each track so as to keep the scanning speed constant irrespective of the radial position of the head.
In some cases, it is called inear velocity (inear velocity) method. CAV
The difference between the CLV system and the CLV system is whether the scanning speed of the head is fixed on the disk medium or variable, but both can obtain only a single performance as an operation mode in which recording and reproduction can be performed. Can not.

In the case of the CLV system, if the radius ratio between the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the data area that can be recorded / reproduced on the disk is doubled, the variation in the number of rotations also doubles. This is merely a means for keeping the scanning speed of the head on the disk medium constant, and the recording / reproducing performance is a single, constant-speed recording / reproducing operation mode. In other words, it is not a recording / reproducing mode having different performance even if the number of rotations changes.

As described above, conventionally, there is no disk-type magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus provided with a recording / reproducing mode having different performance at one or more rotation speeds.

[0007]

A hard disk drive, which is a typical example of a disk type magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus, will be considered. The difference in performance between a low-speed rotating hard disk (hereinafter, referred to as “low-speed drive”) and a high-speed rotating hard disk (hereinafter, referred to as “high-speed drive”) is as follows.

[0008] The low-speed drive has a power consumption characteristic and
FAT (File AIIocat)
It is superior in both the rise time from the sleep mode when reading the ion table) or TOC (Table Of Contents). That is, the rising time when the power consumption of the motor is constant can be shortened, and the power consumption of the motor for keeping the rising speed constant can be reduced. On the other hand, a high-speed drive rotates a disk at a high speed, and is therefore excellent in a high-speed data transfer capability.

As described above, the low-speed drive is disadvantageous for high-speed data transfer, but is advantageous for carrying because it can realize low power consumption. On the other hand, a high-speed drive is difficult to achieve low power consumption, and thus is not suitable for portable use where a longer battery life is desired, but is advantageous for high-speed data transfer.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a recording / reproducing apparatus and a recording / reproducing method in which a recording / reproducing operation can be effectively performed when recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds. The purpose is to do.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing signals by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotational speeds, and using a magnetic flux response type magnetic head as a reproducing magnetic head. It is.

When the magnetic disk is driven to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, the relative speed between the head and the disk changes according to the rotation speed. Magnetic flux responsive magnetic heads such as magnetic heads utilizing the magnetoresistive effect or the giant magnetoresistive effect
No dependence on relative speed between disks. Therefore, by using a magnetic flux response type magnetic head as the reproducing magnetic head, it is not necessary to consider the reproducing magnetic head when optimizing the power consumption in the idle mode in the low-speed rotation mode, for example.

The present invention also relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing signals by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, wherein ceramics having a high thermal conductivity is used as a substrate material of the magnetic disk. . For example, a ceramic having a large thermal conductivity is a silicon carbide ceramic or a ceramic having an increased thermal conductivity by adding an additive thereto.

By using ceramics as the substrate material of the magnetic disk, the shock resistance of the magnetic disk is increased, and it is possible to suppress the high-order deformation of the disk in the high-speed rotation mode and secure the strength against the impact. In addition, since the ceramic has a high thermal conductivity, the temperature rise of the magnetic disk near the motor due to heat generated from the spindle motor in the high-speed rotation mode can be suppressed, and the deformation of the disk can be suppressed efficiently.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and the recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head are operated in either a low-speed rotation mode or a high-speed rotation mode. This also realizes floating recording / reproduction from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. In this case, the magnetic head may be attached to a papion type negative pressure slider. For example, the load applied to the magnetic head may be switched according to a change in at least one of the rotation speed of the magnetic disk and the radial position of the magnetic head.

By performing the floating recording / reproducing, the friction and wear at the interface between the head and the disk are extremely small, and the durability of the apparatus is enhanced. In the papion type negative pressure slider, the skew dependence of the flying height remains small in a wide range of head-disk relative speed (linear speed), and it is easy to achieve a constant flying height of the magnetic head. By switching the load applied to the magnetic head in response to changes in the rotation speed of the magnetic disk and the radial position of the magnetic head, a constant flying height of the magnetic head is guaranteed over a very wide range of head-disk relative speeds. It is possible to do.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. The recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head can be operated in either a low-speed rotation mode or a high-speed rotation mode. This also realizes contact-type recording and reproduction from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. In this case, the load applied to the magnetic head may be switched in response to a change in at least one of the rotation speed of the magnetic disk and the radial position of the magnetic head.

By performing contact-type recording and reproduction, the dependence on the relative speed of the head and the disk is smaller than that of the floating type, and almost constant minute spacing (for example, about several nanometers) is always maintained. By switching the load applied to the magnetic head in response to changes in the rotational speed of the magnetic disk and changes in the radial position of the magnetic head, a constant contact sliding state can be obtained over a very wide range of head-disk relative speeds. It becomes possible.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and the recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head are arranged at the end of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. From the inner peripheral position to the outermost peripheral position, contact-type recording / reproduction is realized in the low-speed rotation mode, and floating-type recording / reproduction is realized in the high-speed rotation mode.

In the high-speed rotation mode, recording and reproduction are performed in a floating manner. As a result, friction at the head-disk interface,
The wear is extremely low and the durability of the device is increased. On the other hand, in the case of the low-speed rotation mode, it is possible to adopt a lightweight head that can reduce the phenomenon of the magnetic head hitting the magnetic disk due to the recoil of the impact called head slap.

According to the present invention, signals are recorded / reproduced by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds. Signals recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk are managed in units of disk surfaces, and The rotation speed of the disk is a predetermined rotation speed for each disk surface. That is, the rotation speed of each disk surface is not always the same.

For example, the track structure is different for each platter in the apparatus. The predetermined number of platters have a spiral track structure that does not require a track jump for high-speed data transfer in a high-speed rotation mode. And
For the platter having the spiral track structure, for example, recording and reproduction of video data or the like which is a long bit stream (continuous data) is performed. On the other hand, other platters
In the low-speed rotation mode for the purpose of reducing power consumption, a normal concentric track structure requiring a track jump is adopted. For this concentric track structure platter,
Audio data and character data are recorded and reproduced. In this way, for example, a track structure suitable for the type of data to be recorded / reproduced is set for each platter, and the disk rotation speed can be set so as to achieve a data transfer speed required by the data. .

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotationally driven at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. A signal recorded and reproduced to and from the magnetic disk is a cylinder of the magnetic disk or a disk. A specific zone in the plane,
Alternatively, it is managed in file units, and the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is set to a predetermined rotation speed for each management unit area.

The data transfer speed can be changed by changing the disk rotation speed for each cylinder, a specific zone in the data plane, or the file unit, thereby recording and reproducing video data and audio data having different compression ratios or standards. It becomes possible. For example, the same MPEG2
(Moving Picture Experts Group 2) Compression, PAL
The data transfer rate of the video data of the / NTSC / SECAM system (# 4 Mbps) is significantly different from the data transfer rate of the video data of the HDTV system (@ 30 Mbps) by seven times or more. Even in such a case, by setting the number of rotations of the disk in accordance with the type of data, recording and reproduction can be efficiently performed by one device.

The present invention also relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing signals by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds and maintaining a recording density at an innermost position of a recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. Therefore, as the magnetic head moves toward the outer periphery of the magnetic disk, the rotational speed of the magnetic disk is reduced.

The recording frequency is determined by the ratio between the relative speed between the head and the disk and the recording wavelength. Therefore, considering that the recording wavelength (linear recording density) is the same, for example, by appropriately lowering the disk rotation speed so that the relative speed at the outer circumference of the disk becomes equal to the value at the inner circumference, the head travels at the outer circumference. The longer distance has the effect of increasing the data capacity per track.

The present invention also relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing signals by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds. In a standby mode, the magnetic disk is rotated at a rotation speed at which the magnetic head makes contact running. Is to rotate.

Originally, in the stand-by mode in which the rotation of the magnetic disk is stopped, the magnetic disk is rotated at a rotation speed at which the magnetic head makes a contact run, for example, at several hundred rotations / minute, so that the maximum static friction force can be reduced. Without opposition, the maximum torque at the time of returning to the recording / reproducing operation can be reduced.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated and driven at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. In the idle mode, the magnetic disk rotates at a rotation speed at which the magnetic head makes contact running. Is to rotate.

In the idle mode, the rotation of the magnetic disk and the like are in a normal recording / reproducing operation state, but the recording / reproducing of the signal is not executed, and only the position error information of the servo is obtained. In such an idle mode, the power consumption in the idle mode is reduced by setting the rotation speed of the spindle motor, which consumes about half of the entire power consumption in the idle mode, to, for example, about several hundred revolutions / minute. It becomes possible to reduce.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. A reproduction signal processing means for processing a reproduction signal to obtain read data includes a high-speed rotation mode. In the high-speed rotation mode, the reproduction signal is directly supplied to the reproduction signal processing means, and in the low-speed rotation mode lower than the high-speed rotation mode, the reproduction signal is supplied to the reproduction signal processing means via a low-pass filter. It is.

The reproduction signal processing means includes, for example, a reproduction amplifier, and the signal amplification band of the reproduction amplifier corresponds to the signal band of the reproduction signal in the high-speed rotation mode. Therefore, when the signal band of the reproduction signal shifts to the low band in the low-speed rotation mode, if this reproduction signal is directly supplied to the reproduction signal processing means, only the noise increases in the high band where there is no signal component, and the S / N (signal Noise ratio). As described above, in the low-speed rotation mode, by passing the reproduced signal through the low-pass filter, it is possible to suppress a high-frequency noise component having no signal component and increase the S / N.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. A recording track on the magnetic disk includes a header section and a data section for each sector. And a first rotation mode in which the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is the first rotation speed, and a second rotation mode in which the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is a second rotation speed k times the first rotation speed. And in the first and second rotation modes, the distance of the signal gap between the header section and the data section is equalized. For example, in order to make the distances of the signal gaps equal, in the low-speed rotation mode, recording is started after a standby time has elapsed in addition to a switching time from reproduction to recording.

In a magnetic disk, a servo pattern and address data are recorded in advance in a header section for each sector. At the time of recording, a magnetic head reproduces the data first, and then switches to recording to switch to a predetermined address. The signal is recorded in the data part of the position. A signal gap is formed on the track by the distance the magnetic head travels on the magnetic disk during the switching time from the reproduction to the recording. If recording in the low-speed rotation mode is performed in the same manner as in the high-speed rotation mode, the signal gap formed on the track becomes shorter than that in the high-speed rotation mode, which hinders reproduction in the high-speed rotation mode. In the first and second rotation modes, by making the distance of the signal gap portion between the header section and the data sector section equal, the data recorded in the low-speed rotation mode can be easily reproduced in the high-speed rotation mode. become.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and a first recording and reproducing unit capable of operating in a low-speed rotation mode and a high-speed rotation mode. And a second recording / reproducing section in which the first recording / reproducing section is detachable. When the first recording / reproducing section is not mounted on the second recording / reproducing section, it operates in the low-speed rotation mode. When it is mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, it operates in either the low-speed rotation mode or the high-speed rotation mode.

When the first recording / reproducing unit is not mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, it is used, for example, as a portable information storage device. In this case, the device operates in the low-speed rotation mode, and power consumption is reduced. On the other hand, when the first recording / reproducing unit is mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, the second
Power is supplied from a recording / reproducing unit, for example, a fixed recording / reproducing device such as a so-called station, and heat from a spindle motor can be easily discharged to the outside of the device, so that operation in a high-speed rotation mode is improved. Will be done.

Here, the first recording / reproducing section has drive means capable of processing only the low-speed rotation mode, and the second recording / reproducing section has drive means capable of processing both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. It may be. The drive means an electric circuit such as a signal processing circuit for recording and reproduction, a servo circuit, and a hard disk controller. As a result, when a portable information storage device, for example, is assumed as the first recording / reproducing unit, the load on the electric circuit is reduced, and the device cost and power consumption are reduced. In addition, since the second recording / reproducing unit has a drive unit capable of processing the high-speed rotation mode, the first recording / reproducing unit can be operated in the second rotation mode.
When mounted on the recording / reproducing unit, the first recording / reproducing unit can be operated in the high-speed rotation mode, and high-speed data transfer is realized.

Further, the first recording / reproducing section may be constituted by only a recording / reproducing device section. The recording / reproducing device section is a so-called HDA (Head Disc Asse), excluding the above-mentioned recording / reproducing signal processing circuit, servo circuit, and drive means which are electric circuits such as a hard disk controller.
mbly). In this case, the drive means is built in the application that uses the first recording / reproducing unit. This makes it possible to reduce the cost of the drive means as the first recording / reproducing unit.
In addition, one of the major problems of a removable magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus of a type in which a disk is housed in a cartridge is upward compatibility, but an HD in which the apparatus cost is greatly reduced.
Since only A can be exchanged, the upgrade can be performed at low cost.

[0039]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a multi-mode magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus 1 as an embodiment. This recording / reproducing apparatus 1 can perform recording / reproducing in a plurality of rotation modes.

The recording / reproducing apparatus 1 includes a rotation drive unit 3 including a spindle motor 3A for rotatingly driving the magnetic disk 2 and a rotation phase sensor 3B for detecting a rotation phase of the spindle motor 3A. Head unit 4 for reading signals recorded on disk 2
And In this embodiment, the magnetic disk 2 is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds by a spindle motor 3A, and recording and reproduction are performed by a magnetic head (not shown) provided in the head unit 4 in a plurality of rotation modes. To be. Regarding the configuration of the spindle drive circuit 7 and the spindle motor 3A, which will be described later, the applicant has filed a prior application (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-33030 filed on Nov. 29, 1996).
No. 99).

Further, the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 includes a magnetic disk 2
Recording / reproducing signal processing circuit 5 for processing a recording signal to be written to the magnetic disk 2 and a reproducing signal read from the magnetic disk 2
A head arm drive control circuit 6 for moving the head arm of the head unit 4 to a predetermined track position, and a spindle drive circuit 7 for controlling the drive of the spindle motor 3A.
And a disk format control unit, disk data timing control unit, disk interface unit,
Hard disk controller (H
DC) 8.

The configuration of the hard disk controller 8 will be described. The controller 8 includes a disk interface unit 11, an internal system bus 12, and a CPU (centra
l processing unit) a demultiplex circuit 13 for separating register data and external data received via the bus interface 23, and data for passing data before and after the multiplex in the demultiplex circuit 13 in a predetermined number of bytes FIFO (first-in fir
(st-out) 14 and a command status register 15 such as a command register / status register for storing commands, statuses, and the like received by the multiplex circuit 13.

The controller 8 controls the magnetic disk 2
An address map unit 16a that stores an address map of the above data is used to perform address map control, and a disk format control unit 16 that performs format processing of the magnetic disk 2 as signal processing, and various disk parameters, commands, and states. C that performs data recording / reproduction processing, drive system control processing, and communication processing with the host according to
A PU 17, a ROM (read only memory) storage unit 18 storing control procedures of various controls performed by the CPU 17, and a RAM (random access memory) storage unit 19 used as a data operation work area of the CPU 17. Have.

Further, the controller 8 has a read / write host interface 20 for performing read / write with the host and a signal processing for writing / reading to / from the magnetic disk 2 having a plurality of rotation speeds. A disk data timing control section 21 for supplying a clock signal according to the rotation speed to a designated location, and a data bus / internal system / timing for supplying a processing clock signal to the entire inside of the controller 8 except for the designated location And a control unit 22. The disk data timing control unit 21 may generate a clock signal according to the rotation speed by dividing the frequency of the clock signal supplied to the data bus / internal system / timing control unit 22.

The operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described. For example, the connection device bus 24 and the CP
When data and its recording instruction or data reproduction instruction are input via the U bus interface 23, the instructions are separated by the multiplex circuit 13 and stored in the command status register 15. The CPU 17 interprets this command and controls the disk data timing control unit 21, data bus / internal system / timing control unit 22, etc. based on the control procedure (program) stored in the ROM storage unit 18. Accordingly, the disk data timing control unit 21 sets the rotational speed at the designated position of the recording / reproducing signal processing circuit 5 or the like so that the write / read signal processing on the magnetic disk 2 at the set rotational speed can be performed. Is supplied in accordance with. A predetermined processing clock is supplied from the data bus / internal system / timing control unit 22 to other parts.

The disk format control unit 16
Controls the head / arm drive control circuit 6 and the like via the disk interface unit 11 so that recording / reproduction at a predetermined position (address) is performed based on the address map unit 16a. Further, a control signal is supplied to the spindle drive circuit 7 via the disk interface section 11, and the spindle motor 3A is controlled so as to rotate at the set rotation speed. As a result, when the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 reaches the set rotation speed, the head unit 4
Thus, writing / reading to / from the magnetic disk 2 is performed.

At this time, if the received command is a recording command, the write data input via the connection device bus 24 is temporarily stored in the data FIFO 14, and thereafter, the disk interface unit 11 is transmitted from the data FIFO 14. And is written to the magnetic disk 2 by the head unit 4. On the other hand, if the received command is a reproduction command, the data read from the magnetic disk 2 by the head unit 4 is subjected to signal processing by the signal processing circuit 5 to become reproduction data, , Via the data FIFO 14, the multiplex circuit 13 and the CPU bus interface 23.

Here, how to set the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 will be described below.

When recording / reproduction to / from the magnetic disk 2 is performed, a FAT (File Allocation Table), which is a file recording management area, or TOC
File management information is read from (Table Of Contents). At this time, when the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 is in the standby mode (sleep mode) and the magnetic disk 2 is in the stopped state, the magnetic disk 2 waits until the magnetic disk 2 reaches a predetermined number of revolutions from the stopped state, and then the file is read from the FAT / TOC. The management information is read. Therefore, if this reading is performed in the low-speed mode, the time required to reach the predetermined number of revolutions can be shortened, and high-speed reading can be performed.

When the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 is driven by a battery, it is preferable that the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 be set to a low-speed rotation mode capable of reducing power consumption. At this time, the high-speed rotation mode may be prohibited only when the voltage of the battery falls below a certain value.

When signals (data) to be recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk 2 are managed on a disk surface basis, the rotational speed of the magnetic disk 2 is set to a predetermined rotational speed for each disk surface. You. In this case, the number of rotations of the disk is set so as to achieve the data transfer speed required by the data to be recorded and reproduced, and the number of rotations of each disk surface is not always the same.

For example, the track structure is different for each platter constituting the magnetic disk 2. The predetermined number of platters have a spiral track structure (shown in FIG. 2B) that does not require a track jump for high-speed data transfer in a high-speed rotation mode. Then, recording and reproduction of video data or the like which is a long bit stream (continuous data) is performed on the platter having the spiral track structure. On the other hand, the other platters have a normal concentric track structure (shown in FIG. 2A) that requires a track jump in the low-speed rotation mode for low power consumption. For this concentric track structure platter,
Audio data and character data are recorded and reproduced. As described above, the track structure is adapted to the type of data to be recorded / reproduced for each platter, and the disk rotation speed is set so as to achieve the data transfer speed required by the data.

When a signal (data) to be recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk 2 is managed in a cylinder or a specific zone on the disk surface, or on a file basis, the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is changed for each management unit area. The rotation speed is set to a predetermined value. In this case, the disk rotation speed is set so as to achieve the data transfer speed required by the data to be recorded and reproduced, and the rotation speed of each management unit area is not always the same.

The data transfer speed can be changed by changing the number of rotations of the disk for each cylinder, a specific zone in the data plane, or for each file, whereby video data, audio data, character information, etc. of different compression ratios or standards can be changed. Recording and reproduction become possible. For example, even with the same MPEG2 (Moving Picture Experts Group 2) compression, the data transfer rate of video data of the PAL / NTSC / SECAM system ($ 4 Mbps) is the same as the data transfer rate of video data of the HDTV system ($ 30 Mbps).
7 times or more. Even in such a case, by setting the number of rotations of the disk in accordance with, for example, the type of data to be stored in the file, recording and reproduction can be efficiently performed by one device. FIG. 3 shows an example of a file location on the magnetic disk 2.

For the entire platter or for each file,
In order to record video data, audio data, character information, etc. of different compression ratios and standards at a data transfer rate suitable for each data, whether the data to be recorded is video data, audio data, or character information. Must be determined. An example of a specific method will be described below.

For example, when recording data in file units, the connection device bus 24 and the CPU bus interface 2
3, the information indicating the type of data (video data, audio data, character information, etc.) is added to the directory entry, or the directory entry indicates the type of data. The disk rotation speed suitable for each data is stored in the ROM storage unit 18.
Then, based on the control procedure stored in the ROM storage unit 18, the CPU 17 performs disk rotation corresponding to the type of data to be recorded from the directory entry and the type of data stored in the ROM storage unit 18. The number of rotations of the magnetic disk 2 is set based on the number, and then file data is recorded. The magnetic disk 2
Can be switched automatically,
The user may set the switch or the like to switch.

In order to maintain the recording density at the innermost peripheral position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk 2 in each rotation mode such as the high-speed rotation mode and the low-speed rotation mode, the magnetic head is moved to the outer periphery of the magnetic disk 2 It may be set so that the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 decreases as going to the side. The recording frequency is determined by the ratio between the relative speed between the head and the disk and the recording wavelength. Therefore, considering that the recording wavelength (linear recording density) is the same, for example, by appropriately lowering the disk rotation speed so that the relative speed at the outer circumference of the disk becomes equal to the value at the inner circumference, the head travels at the outer circumference. The longer the distance, the greater the data capacity per track.

When the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 is in the standby mode and the magnetic disk 2 is stopped, the spindle motor 3A generates a large rotational torque that can withstand the maximum static friction force when returning to the recording / reproducing operation mode. Will need to occur. Therefore, the magnetic head may be set in contact with the magnetic disk 2 while maintaining the spindle motor 3A, that is, the rotational speed of the magnetic disk 2 at a very low speed of about several hundred revolutions / minute in the standby mode. Thus, the maximum torque required for the spindle motor 3A when returning to the recording / reproducing mode can be reduced.

The recording / reproducing apparatus 1 has an idle mode which is an operation mode for reading only servo position information without executing data reading or writing. In the idle mode, when the spindle motor 3A and the actuator of the head unit 4 such as tracking are in a normal operation state, the power consumption increases. Therefore,
In the standby mode, the spindle motor 3A, that is, the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 may be reduced to an extremely low speed of about several hundred revolutions / minute so that the magnetic head is brought into contact with the magnetic disk 2 to run. Thereby, the power consumption at the time of idling can be reduced.

As described above, in order to set the multiple rotation mode, the relative speed of the spindle motor 3A having a wide range of rotation speed change from low speed to high speed and the relative speed range between the magnetic head and the magnetic disk 2 A head unit 4 having no dependency and a signal processing circuit 5 capable of coping with a larger rotation speed change width are required.

In this embodiment, the head section 4 has a recording magnetic head and a reproducing magnetic head. here,
As the recording magnetic head, a thin-film recording magnetic head, which is an inductive magnetic field generating element, is used. On the other hand, as a reproducing magnetic head, a magnetic flux response type magnetic head whose internal resistance changes according to an external change of a recording magnetic flux from a data track is used. For example, a magnetic head utilizing a magnetoresistance effect or a giant magnetoresistance effect is used. By using a magnetic flux response type magnetic head as the reproducing magnetic head, it is not necessary to consider the reproducing magnetic head when optimizing the power consumption in the idle mode in the low-speed rotation mode, for example.

The magnetic disk 2 is made of ceramics having a high thermal conductivity as a substrate material. For example, silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics,
Alternatively, it is a ceramic having an increased thermal conductivity by adding an additive thereto. FIG. 4 shows a comparison of mechanical properties of SiC ceramics, glass, and an Al—Ni—P alloy. SiC ceramics have the same hardness as glass,
It has impact resistance and the same thermal conductivity as Al-Ni-P alloy.

The use of ceramics as the substrate material of the magnetic disk 2 enhances the shock resistance of the magnetic disk 2 and makes it possible to suppress the high-order deformation of the disk in the high-speed rotation mode and secure the strength against impact. Moreover,
Since the ceramic has a high thermal conductivity, the temperature rise of the magnetic disk 2 near the motor due to heat generated from the spindle motor 3A in the high-speed rotation mode is suppressed, and the deformation of the disk can be suppressed efficiently.

Further, in this embodiment, the recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head fly from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk 2 in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. It is assumed that type recording / reproduction is realized. By performing the floating recording / reproducing, the friction and wear at the interface between the head and the disk are extremely small, and the durability of the apparatus is enhanced. For example, a magnetic head is mounted on a papion type negative pressure slider. The skew angle dependence of the flying height of the papion-type negative pressure slider remains small in a wide range of the head-disk relative speed, and it is easy to achieve a constant flying height of the magnetic head regardless of the rotation mode.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of the head unit 4 for realizing the above-mentioned floating recording / reproduction. Head part 4
Includes an arm 25 and a head slider (flying slider) 26 attached to the tip of the arm 25. One end of the arm 25 is swingably mounted around a vertical axis 27, and a head slider 26 is mounted on the other end via a suspension 28. The head slider 26 is provided with a magnetic head (recording magnetic head and reproducing magnetic head) 29.

As a result, when the arm 25 is rotated around the vertical axis 27, the head slider 26 attached to the other end via the suspension 28 is moved in the radial direction of the magnetic disk 2. The magnetic head 29 provided in the head slider 26 performs a seek operation on the magnetic disk 2. Therefore,
The magnetic head 29 can record and reproduce information on a predetermined track of the magnetic disk 2.

FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of a papion type negative pressure slider as the head slider 26. The head slider 26 is entirely formed as a flat rectangular parallelepiped, and has, on its lower surface, two side rails 31 and 32 acting as an air bearing surface, and a cross rail 33 connecting the side rails 31 and 32. ing.

The side rails 31 and 32 are disposed near both ends of the lower surface of the head slider 26 so as to extend in the longitudinal direction from the air inflow side to the air outflow side. A negative pressure groove 34 is provided between the side rails 31 and 32.
Is formed. The cross rail is arranged on the air inflow side of the two side rails 31 and 32 so as to connect the side rails 31 and 32. The magnetic head 29 is attached to the end of the side rail 32 on the air outflow side.

The head slider 26 is provided with a tapered portion 35 as a step at the tip of the lower surface on the air inflow side. The tapered portion 35 is provided on the side rails 31 and 32.
The cross rail 33 is formed so as to have a predetermined angle with respect to the surface of the cross rail 33 acting as an air bearing surface, for example, a gentle inclination angle of 1 degree or less.

The Papillon-type negative pressure slider is characterized in that the side rail shape has one or more bending points and is bent toward the inside of the slider. The head slider 26 (papillon type negative pressure slider) shown in FIG. 6 is an example having one bending point. That is, the side rail 3
The first bent portions 31a and 32a extend inward from the cross rail 33 in order from the air inflow side.
And the second bent portions 31b and 32b extending outward.
The first and second bent portions are connected at bending points 31c and 32c.

FIG. 7 shows the linear velocity (relative velocity between head and disk) of the flying height of the head slider 26, and FIG. 8 shows an example of the skew angle dependence of the flying height of the head slider 26 (white). (The removed part is the floating amount on the inner rail side, and the other part is the floating amount on the outer rail side.) A prior application (Patent Application No. 7-2) relating to a pavillon type negative pressure slider by the present applicant.
As described in detail in Japanese Patent No. 93723), the dependence of the flying height of the head slider 26 on the linear velocity and the skew angle is extremely reduced by optimizing the bending angles θ and the bending positions of the side rails 31 and 32. And its flying height dependence on skew angle remains small over a wide linear velocity range.

Therefore, in the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 having the multi-rotation mode as in the present embodiment, it is easy to always achieve a constant flying height. The reason will be described with reference to FIG. In a certain drive (recording / reproducing apparatus), the skew angle at the innermost circumference is 0 °, the skew angle at the outermost circumference is 20 °, and the low-speed rotation mode (rotation speed N1)
And the high-speed rotation mode (rotation speed N2) is set. Since the same rotary actuator is used, the skew angle range is 0 ° to 20 ° in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode.

In the low-speed rotation mode in which the number of rotations is N1, the linear velocities vi (N1) and vo (N1) at the innermost circumference (radius Ri) and the outermost circumference (radius Ro) are expressed by the equations (1) and (2), respectively. ) Expression. For this rotation speed N1, vi
The change from (N1) to vo (N1) is relatively small, and the skew angle dependence of the flying height is also small. Inner circumference (skew angle = 0 °), middle circumference (skew angle = 10 °), outermost circumference (skew angle = 2)
0 °) is also suppressed. vi (N1) = 2πRin1 / 60 [m / s] (1) vo (N1) = 2πRoN1 / 60 [m / s] (2)

On the other hand, in the high-speed rotation mode, the rotation speed is N2
, The linear velocity also increases. In this high-speed rotation mode, the innermost circumference (radius Ri) and the outermost circumference (radius Ro)
The linear velocities vi (N2) and vo (N2) at are (3)
It is given by the equation and the equation (4). For this rotation speed N2, the change in vi (N2) to vo (N2) is larger than in the low-speed rotation mode. However, since the skew angle dependency remains small even if the linear velocity increases, the change in the flying height through the innermost circumference, the intermediate circumference, and the outermost circumference is also suppressed. vi (N2) = 2πRin2 / 60 [m / s] (3) vo (N2) = 2πRoN2 / 60 [m / s] (4)

As described above, the head slider 26 using the Papillon-type negative pressure slider has a small skew angle dependence of the flying height in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. It is easy to realize a constant flying height from the circumferential position to the outermost position, that is, in the entire data zone.

Instead of realizing the above-mentioned floating type recording / reproducing, the recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head are driven at the innermost circumference of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk 2 in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. Contact-type recording / reproducing may be realized from the position to the outermost peripheral position. By performing contact-type recording and reproduction, the dependence on the relative speed of the head and disk is less than that of the floating type, and a nearly constant minute spacing (for example, about several nanometers) can always be maintained. This can contribute to the improvement of linear recording density.

When realizing this contact recording / reproduction,
In a plurality of rotation speed modes, it is necessary to achieve a constant head-disk gap. FIG. 10 shows a magnetic head conventionally proposed for performing contact-type recording and reproduction.
There is a contact head as shown in FIG.

One end of the load beam (suspension) 41 is connected to the arm 42, and a contact slider (head slider) 43 having a magnetic head is attached to the other end. In this case, the contact slider 43
Achieves a significant reduction in the amount of wear between the head and disk by making the mass of the slider significantly smaller than that of the flying slider and at the same time reducing the pressing load.
The disk facing surface of the contact slider 43 is significantly smaller than the air lubricated surface of the flying slider. For example, 30
% Flying slider has an air lubrication surface area of 0.4m
m ² , but the area of the contact-facing surface of the contact slider 43 is about two orders of magnitude smaller. At the same time, the pressing load is about 2 gf for the 30% flying type slider, but is as small as one digit or less for the contact slider 43. However, at a normal disk rotation speed, since the linear velocity is relatively low, the levitation force generated on the surface of the contact slider 43 facing the disk is sufficiently small, and the contact slider 43 does not float off the disk surface.

However, it is difficult to use the existing contact slider for the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 having a plurality of rotation speed modes. The reason will be described with reference to FIG. A contact slider designed for relatively low-speed rotation rapidly generates a large levitation force in a high-speed rotation mode. The levitation force F generated on the surface of the contact slider facing the disk is approximately given by equation (5). Here, μ is the viscosity coefficient of air, W is the width of the disk facing surface, and L is
Is the length of the disk-facing surface, U is the relative velocity between the head and the disk, k is a constant determined by the ratio of the flying height of the inflow end / outflow end of air, and ho is the flying height of the outflow end (gap between head and disk). . From the expression (5), the relational expression of the expression (6) is approximately established in the current contact slider. F = (6 μWUL ² k) / ho ² (5) ho ≒ 5 × √U [nm] (6)

In FIG. 11, the horizontal axis represents the linear velocity (the relative velocity U between the head and the disk), and the vertical axis represents the flying height ho at the outflow end. In the low-speed rotation mode, since the linear velocity is relatively low, the outflow end flying height ho is at most 5 nm, and contact-type recording / reproduction is realized. However, the linear velocity in the high-speed rotation mode is five times or more as large as that in the low-speed rotation mode, so that the outflow-end flying height ho becomes 20 nm or more, which results in a floating region. Further, in the high-speed rotation mode, the difference in linear velocity between the innermost circumference and the outermost circumference of the magnetic disk 2 is large,
It is necessary to cope with the constant flying height over the entire data zone, which has been a problem with the flying slider.

In order to solve these problems, the head unit 4 is provided with a slider load variable mechanism (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-5028) previously proposed by the present applicant, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B. The configuration used may be considered.

In the figure, one end of a load beam (suspension) 51 composed of a leaf spring is connected to an arm 52, and a head slider (contact slider) 53 having a magnetic head (not shown) is attached to the other end. A leaf spring 54 having a bent portion is provided on the upper surface of the load beam 51, and an actuator 55 is provided at a tip end position of the arm 52 close to the leaf spring 54. The actuator 55 includes an active element 55a such as a piezoelectric element or a linear motor, and a displacement magnifying mechanism 55b formed of a spring member.

In this case, the distal end of the active element 55a is in contact with the proximal end of the pressing arm 55b1 of the displacement magnifying mechanism 55b, and the distal end of the pressing arm 55b1 has the play of the leaf spring 54 described above. It is in contact with the end side. Thus, when the tip of the active element 55a moves back and forth, the tip of the pressing arm 55b1 is enlarged and moved forward and backward. As the pressing arm 55b1 moves back and forth, the bending angle θ about the bent portion of the leaf spring 54 changes, and the load applied to the load beam 51 changes. That is, the load WE of the load beam 51 increases as the bending angle θ increases.

Incidentally, without providing the displacement enlarging mechanism 55b,
The tip of the active element 55a may be configured to directly contact the free end of the leaf spring 54. However, in this case, it is necessary to increase the amount of forward and backward movement of the tip of the active element 55a.

Here, the amount of forward and backward movement of the tip of the active element 55a described above, and therefore the load WE of the load beam 51
Is changed in accordance with the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 and the radial position of the magnetic head (contact slider), so that the flying height is constant (constant contact sliding) over the entire data zone from the low-speed rotation mode to the high-speed rotation mode. State) can be realized.

FIG. 13 shows a configuration example for changing the applied load WE. In the figure, VCM (Voice Co
The arm 52 is rotated by a VCM 62 that is rotationally driven by an il Motor) driver 61, thereby controlling the radial position of the magnetic head attached to the contact slider 53. In this case, a reproduced signal Sa from the magnetic head (reproduced magnetic head) is supplied to the position detection circuit 63, and the position detection circuit 63 determines the position of the magnetic head in the radial direction based on the address information included in the reproduced signal Sa from the header portion. R is detected. A spindle motor 3A for rotating the magnetic disk 2 is driven to rotate by a spindle motor driver 64. The rotation speed detection circuit 65 detects the rotation speed N of the magnetic disk 2 based on the rotation information supplied from the driver 64. Then, the above-described radial position R of the magnetic head and the rotational speed N of the magnetic disk 2 are supplied to the hard disk controller 8.

In addition, the levitation force based on the radial position R and the number of revolutions N is determined in advance by equation (5), and the amount of increase in the load WE required to cancel the levitation force is determined. The required bending angle θ of the leaf spring 54 and the drive voltage Vact of the actuator (active element) 55 are determined. Then, a table is created in which the data of the radial position R, the number of rotations N and the drive voltage Vact are made to correspond to each other, and this table is stored in advance in the memory unit (not shown) of the hard disk controller 8 or the external ROM 66 or the like. .

The hard disk controller 8 is an MPU
(Micro Processing Unit) 67, and a drive voltage Vact corresponding to the radial position R detected by the position detection circuit 63 and the rotation speed N detected by the rotation speed detection circuit 65.
Is supplied to the actuator driver 68. As a result, the driver 68 supplies a drive voltage Vact corresponding to the radial position R and the rotation speed N to the actuator (active element) 55, and the load beam 51
Is given a required load WE.

Therefore, by adopting the configuration shown in FIG. 13, even if the linear velocity is greatly increased in the high-speed rotation mode, the load for canceling the linear velocity is reduced.
3 can be given. Further, an increase in buoyancy caused by a difference in linear velocity between the inner circumference and the outer circumference can be similarly canceled. Therefore, in the low-speed rotation mode to the high-speed rotation mode, a constant contact sliding state can be realized in the entire area of the data zone.

It is needless to say that the above-mentioned variable mechanism of the slider load can be applied to the head for realizing the floating type recording / reproducing by the floating type slider, whereby the constant flying height can be easily realized. . In addition, although the case where the load WE of the load beam 51 is changed according to both the radial position R and the number of rotations N is shown, the load WE is changed by only one of the load beams WE, and the change of the contact sliding state is changed. You may make it reduce.

Further, as described above, in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode, not only the floating type recording / reproduction or only the contact type recording / reproduction is realized, but also the recording / reproduction area of the magnetic disk 2 From the innermost position to the outermost position, contact-type recording and reproduction may be realized in the low-speed rotation mode, and flying-type recording and reproduction may be realized in the high-speed rotation mode.

In this case, in the high-speed rotation mode, the recording and reproduction are performed in a floating manner, so that friction and wear at the interface between the head and the disk are extremely small, and the durability of the apparatus can be improved. On the other hand, in the low-speed rotation mode, it is possible to adopt a lightweight head that can reduce the phenomenon of the magnetic head hitting the magnetic disk due to the reaction of the impact called head slap, and the head-disk interface, that is, the impact resistance of the device, is greatly improved. To be improved.

Next, the configuration of the recording / reproducing signal processing circuit 5, the disk interface unit 11, and the like will be described with reference to FIG. A clock is supplied from the disk data timing control unit 21 to a part of the signal processing circuit 5 and a part of the disk interface unit 11.

The signal processing circuit 5 applies a CRC (cyclic redundancy check codes) or an EC to the write data WD.
A CRC / ECC generation check circuit 7 for generating an error correction code (C) and performing error detection by CRC and error correction by ECC on the read data RD.
1 and the write data WD supplied from the disk interface unit 11 are converted from parallel bit data on the bus to serial track data, and the CRC / E
CRC and ECC generated by the CC generation check circuit 71
And a channel encoding unit 73 that performs a data modulation process or the like on the serial track data to obtain a recording signal SR. The recording signal SR output from the processing unit 73 is supplied to the recording magnetic head 29R.

The signal processing circuit 5 performs a data demodulation process on the reproduction signal SP from the reproduction magnetic head 29P to obtain read data to which CRC and ECC are added. Processing unit 7
And a deserializer 75 for converting the serial track data output from 4 into parallel bit data on the bus. The read data RD output from the deserializer 75 is supplied to the disk interface unit 11. The disk interface unit 11 has a byte FIFO 11
a / CRC / ECC generation check circuit 71
Based on the error information detected in step (1), compensation such as missing or error is performed in byte units.

Incidentally, the recording track on the magnetic disk 2 includes a header section and a data section for each sector, as is well known. In the header portion, a servo pattern and an address pattern are recorded. At the time of recording, the magnetic head reproduces the data first, and then switches to recording to record a signal in the data portion at a predetermined address position. Is made. A signal gap portion is formed on the track by the distance that the magnetic head travels on the magnetic disk 2 during the switching time from the reproduction to the recording. If recording in the low-speed rotation mode is performed in the same manner as in the high-speed rotation mode, the signal gap formed on the track becomes shorter than that in the high-speed rotation mode, which hinders reproduction in the high-speed rotation mode.

Here, the first rotation mode (the low-speed rotation mode) in which the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 is the first first rotation speed, and the rotation speed of the magnetic disk 2 is k times the first rotation speed. Consider a second rotation mode (high-speed rotation mode) in which the second rotation speed is obtained. In the present embodiment, these first
In the second rotation mode, the distance of the signal gap portion between the header portion and the data portion is equalized, so that the data recorded in the low-speed reproduction mode can be easily reproduced in the high-speed reproduction mode. For example, in order to equalize the distance of the signal gap, in the low-speed rotation mode, recording is started after a predetermined standby time has elapsed in addition to the switching time from reproduction to recording.

That is, FIG. 15A shows the signal processing timing in the high-speed rotation mode, where t1 is a signal blank (gap) period from the rear end of the signal of the previous sector to the start of the signal of the next sector, and t2 is a head period. A signal blank period between the data section and the data section, and t3 indicates a signal blank period until the start of the signal of the next sector. On the other hand, FIG. 15B shows the timing of signal processing in the low-speed rotation mode, and the periods corresponding to t1, t2, and t3 in the high-speed rotation mode are each multiplied by k.

Note that a high-speed switching operation by a muting operation in an analog reproduction amplifier of a reproduction system generates a spike of several milliamps or more due to a difference in bias at the time of switching, and a DC step due to semiconductor variation. We want to avoid and reduce as much as we can for high performance specifications. For this reason, the signal mute time in each gap is controlled, and the AGC (Au
tomatic Gain Control) Holds the gain in the circuit. As a result, there is no possibility that a signal processing unit such as a tracking unit or a data demodulation unit performs a signal process such as tracking and data demodulation after performing an AGC process on another signal mixed from an adjacent track or a preceding or succeeding region at an unnecessary timing by mistake.

Next, a configuration example of the channel encoding processing unit 73 and the channel decoding processing unit 74 will be described with reference to FIG. The channel encoding processing unit 73 performs an 8-9 conversion process on the write data WD, and a 1 / (1-D ² ) pre-code for the output data of the 8-9 encoder 81. Precoder 82 for processing to obtain recording signal SR
The recording signal SR is amplified to amplify the recording magnetic head 29R.
And a recording amplifier 83 to be supplied to the recording medium.

The channel decoding processing section 74
Are a reproduction amplifier 91 for amplifying the reproduction signal SP from the reproduction magnetic head 29P, a low-pass filter 92 for removing noise components outside the signal band from the output signal of the reproduction amplifier 91 in the low-speed rotation mode, A changeover switch 93 for selectively extracting an output signal or an output signal of the low-pass filter 92. The low pass filter 92 includes an analog delay circuit 92a and an adder 92b. The fixed terminal on the a side of the changeover switch 93 is connected to the output side of the reproduction amplifier 91, and the fixed terminal on the b side is connected to the output side of the low-pass filter 92. The changeover switch 93 outputs the changeover control signal S
Based on W, it is connected to the a side in the high-speed rotation mode, and is connected to the b side in the low-speed rotation mode.

The processing section 74 includes an AGC circuit 94 for controlling the gain of the output signal of the changeover switch 93,
A for converting the output signal of the GC circuit 94 into a digital signal
/ D converter 95, a digital filter 96 for giving a (1 + D) characteristic to the output data of the A / D converter 95, and a digital filter 96.
And a Viterbi decoder 97 that obtains reproduction data by performing maximum likelihood value determination on the output data of, and decodes the reproduction data (8-9 conversion code) output from the Viterbi decoder 97 to read data RD. And an 8-9 decoder 98 for obtaining The output data of the A / D converter 95 is supplied to a control system for obtaining tracking data and address data from the reproduction signal SP from the header of each sector.

In the above configuration, at the time of data writing (at the time of recording), the write data WD is converted into an 8-9 conversion code by the 8-9 encoder, and the 8-9 conversion code is subjected to 1 / ( 1-D ² ), the recording signal SR is formed by the precoding process, and the recording signal SR is amplified by the recording amplifier 83 and supplied to the recording magnetic head 29R to be recorded on the magnetic disk 2.

At the time of data reading (at the time of reproduction), a reproduction signal SP obtained from the magnetic disk 2 by the reproduction magnetic head 29P is amplified by the reproduction amplifier 91. In the high-speed rotation mode, the output signal of the reproduction amplifier 91 is output from the changeover switch 93 because the changeover switch 93 is connected to the a side. On the other hand, in the low-speed rotation mode, the reproduction signal SP
Is shifted to a lower frequency band. In this low-speed rotation mode, since the changeover switch 93 is connected to the b-side, the output signal of the reproduction amplifier 91 is
After the high-frequency noise component outside the signal band is removed, the signal is output from the changeover switch 93.

The output signal of the changeover switch 93 is A
After the gain is controlled by the GC circuit 94, the signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 95. The digital signal is given a (1 + D) characteristic by a digital filter 96, data is identified by a Vidabi decoder 97, and reproduced data is obtained. The reproduced data (8-9 conversion code) is converted to an 8-9 decoder. At 98, the read data RD is obtained.

Although not described above, the amplification band of the reproduction amplifier 91 is sufficiently widened corresponding to the signal band of the reproduction signal SP in the high-speed rotation mode. Therefore, when the reproduction signal SP in the low-speed rotation mode is amplified by the reproduction amplifier 91, only noise increases in a high frequency region without signal components. However, in the low-speed rotation mode, the output signal of the reproduction amplifier 91 is low. The signal is passed through the low-pass filter 92, and high-frequency noise having no signal component is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to increase the S / N of the signal supplied to the subsequent stage from the changeover switch 93, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of bit errors and the like.

In the processing example shown in FIG. 16, only the switching between the high-speed rotation mode and the low-speed rotation mode is considered, but another rotation mode is switched between the high-speed rotation mode and the low-speed rotation mode. If there is, the cut-off frequency is adjusted by changing the delay time of the analog delay circuit 92a so as to match the signal band of the reproduced signal SP in each rotation mode, or a parallel connection is made for each rotation mode. May be switched among a plurality of low-pass filters provided with different cutoff frequencies.

FIG. 17 shows a multi-mode magnetic recording / reproducing system 10 using the above-mentioned recording / reproducing apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1).
0 shows a configuration example. This recording / reproducing system 100
Is a recording / reproducing apparatus (independent recording / reproducing apparatus) 101 configured in the same manner as the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 described above, and a station as a recording / reproducing apparatus (fixed recording / reproducing apparatus) to which the recording / reproducing apparatus 101 is detachable. 102, a portable information terminal device 103 that uses the recording / reproducing device 101 as a portable information storage device, a home server / database 104 connected to the station 102, an electronic album device 105, and a personal computer 106. I have.

Here, the recording / reproducing apparatus 101 operates in either the low-speed rotation mode or the high-speed rotation mode. However, when the recording / reproduction apparatus 101 is not mounted on the station 102 and is used as a portable information storage device, Are operated in a low-speed rotation mode. As a result, power consumption can be reduced, and consumption of a battery as a power supply can be reduced. On the other hand, when the recording / reproducing device 101 is mounted on the station 102, according to the user's selection,
The operation is performed in either the low-speed rotation mode or the high-speed rotation mode. In this case, power is supplied from the station 102, and heat generated from the spindle motor 3A can be easily discharged to the outside of the apparatus through the station 102. Therefore, the operation in the high-speed rotation mode in which heat is increased is performed well.

When the recording / reproducing device 101 is used as a portable information storage device, it operates in the low-speed rotation mode, so that it only needs to have a drive means capable of processing only the low-speed rotation mode. The station 102 is provided with a drive unit capable of processing both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode.
When the 01 is mounted on the station 102 and operated in the high-speed rotation mode, the drive means provided in the station 102 and capable of processing the high-speed rotation mode may be used. Here, the drive means means an electric circuit such as a signal processing circuit for recording / reproducing, a servo circuit, and a hard disk controller.

As a result, when the recording / reproducing device 101 is used as a portable information storage device, the load on the electric circuit is reduced, and the cost and power consumption of the device can be reduced.

Further, the recording / reproducing apparatus 101 may include only a recording / reproducing device unit. The recording / reproducing device section is a so-called HDA (Head Disc) excluding the above-mentioned recording / reproducing signal processing circuit, a servo circuit, and a drive unit which is an electric circuit such as a hard disk controller.
Assembly). However, the recording / reproducing device unit may include a preamplifier unit. In this case, the drive unit is an application that uses the recording / reproducing device 101, for example, the portable information terminal device 10
3 and so on. As a result, it is possible to reduce the cost of the drive unit as the recording / reproducing apparatus 101. In addition, one of the major issues of a removable magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus that stores a disk in a cartridge is upward compatibility. However, it is possible to replace only the HDA, which has greatly reduced the apparatus cost, so that an upgrade is required. It will be cheaper.

[0113]

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and a magnetic flux response type magnetic head is used as a reproducing magnetic head. . Therefore, for example, when optimizing the power consumption in the idle mode in the low-speed rotation mode, it is not necessary to consider the reproducing magnetic head, and there is an effect that the margin of the device design is increased.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and a ceramic having a high thermal conductivity is used as a substrate material of the magnetic disk. It is. Therefore, the shock resistance of the magnetic disk is increased, and it is possible to suppress the higher-order deformation of the disk in the high-speed rotation mode and secure the strength against the impact. Further, the temperature rise of the magnetic disk near the motor can be suppressed, and the deformation of the disk can be suppressed efficiently.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals. The recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head are operated in a low-speed rotation mode and a high-speed rotation mode. In any case, the floating recording / reproducing is realized from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. Therefore, friction and wear at the head-disk interface are extremely small, and there is an advantage that the durability of the device is enhanced. By using a papion type negative pressure slider, it is easy to achieve a constant flying height of the magnetic head, and the load applied to the magnetic head can be reduced in response to changes in the rotational speed of the magnetic disk and changes in the radial position of the magnetic head. By switching, a constant flying height of the magnetic head can be guaranteed over a very wide range of head-disk relative speed.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals. The recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head are operated in a low-speed rotation mode and a high-speed rotation mode. In either case, contact-type recording / reproduction is realized from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. Therefore, the dependency on the relative velocity between the head and the disk is smaller than that of the floating type, and a substantially constant contact sliding state (fine spacing) can be always maintained. By switching the load applied to the magnetic head in response to changes in the rotational speed of the magnetic disk and changes in the radial position of the magnetic head, a constant contact sliding state can be maintained over a very wide range of head-disk relative speeds. Can be obtained.

According to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and the recording magnetic head and the reproducing magnetic head are provided in a recording / reproducing area of the magnetic disk. From the innermost peripheral position to the outermost peripheral position, contact-type recording / reproduction is realized in the low-speed rotation mode, and floating-type recording / reproduction is realized in the high-speed rotation mode. Therefore, in the high-speed rotation mode, friction and wear at the head-disk interface are extremely small, and the durability of the device is enhanced. On the other hand, in the case of the low-speed rotation mode, it is possible to employ a light-load head that can reduce the phenomenon of the magnetic head hitting the magnetic disk due to the reaction of the impact called head slap.

Further, according to the present invention, a magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and signals recorded and reproduced on and from the magnetic disk are managed in units of disk surfaces. The rotation speed of the magnetic disk is set to a predetermined rotation speed for each disk surface. Therefore, for example, the track structure is made different for each platter, and a predetermined number of platters have a spiral track structure that does not require a track jump for high-speed data transfer in a high-speed rotation mode, and record and reproduce video data and the like. Other platters can record and reproduce audio data and the like in a concentric track structure requiring a track jump in order to reduce power consumption in the low-speed rotation mode.

Further, according to the present invention, the magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and the signal recorded and reproduced on the magnetic disk is a cylinder of the magnetic disk. Alternatively, it is managed in a specific zone in the disk surface or in file units, and the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is set to a predetermined rotation speed for each management unit area. Therefore, the data transfer speed can be changed by changing the disk rotation speed for each cylinder, specific zone in the data plane, or file unit, which enables recording and playback of video data and audio data with different compression ratios or standards. Becomes

Further, according to the present invention, the magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and the recording density at the innermost peripheral position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk is provided. In order to maintain the above, the rotational speed of the magnetic disk can be reduced as the magnetic head moves toward the outer peripheral side of the magnetic disk. Therefore, the data capacity per track can be increased because the head traveling distance on the outer periphery is longer.

Further, according to the present invention, the magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals. In the standby mode, the magnetic head is rotated at such a speed that the magnetic head makes contact running. This is to rotate the magnetic disk. Therefore, the maximum torque at the time of returning to the recording / reproducing operation can be reduced without resisting the maximum static friction force.

Further, according to the present invention, the magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. In the idle mode, the magnetic head is rotated at such a speed that the magnetic head makes contact running. This is to rotate the magnetic disk. Therefore, power consumption in the idle mode can be reduced.

According to the present invention, the magnetic disk is driven to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. The reproduction signal processing means for processing the reproduction signal to obtain read data has a high speed. In the high-speed reproduction mode, the reproduction signal is directly supplied to the reproduction signal processing means, and in the reproduction mode lower than the high-speed reproduction mode, the reproduction signal is supplied to the reproduction signal processing means via the low-pass filter. Things. Therefore, in the low-speed reproduction mode, high-frequency noise components having no signal components are suppressed, and S / S
N can be increased.

According to the present invention, the magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce a signal. The recording track on the magnetic disk has a header section and a data section for each sector. And a second rotation mode in which the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is a first rotation speed, and a second rotation mode in which the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is a second rotation speed k times the first rotation speed. In the first and second rotation modes, the distance of the signal gap between the header and the data is equalized. Therefore, what is recorded in the low-speed reproduction mode can be easily reproduced in the high-speed reproduction mode.

Further, according to the present invention, the magnetic disk is rotated at a plurality of rotation speeds to record and reproduce signals, and the first recording capable of operating in the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. The first recording / reproducing unit comprises a reproducing unit and a second recording / reproducing unit to which the first recording / reproducing unit is detachable. When the first recording / reproducing unit is not mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, the first recording / reproducing unit operates in the low-speed rotation mode. It operates and operates in either the low-speed rotation mode or the high-speed rotation mode when mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit. Therefore, when the first recording / reproducing unit is not mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, the first recording / reproducing unit is used as, for example, a portable information storage device and operates in a low-speed rotation mode, so that power consumption is reduced. When the first recording / reproducing unit is mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, power is supplied from a second recording / reproducing unit, for example, a fixed recording / reproducing device such as a so-called station, and a spindle motor The heat generated from the device can be easily discharged to the outside of the apparatus, and the operation in the high-speed rotation mode is performed favorably.

The first recording / reproducing section has drive means capable of processing only the low-speed rotation mode, and the second recording / reproducing section has drive means capable of processing both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. By doing so, when assuming, for example, a portable information storage device as the first recording / reproducing unit, the load on the electric circuit can be reduced, and device cost and power consumption can be saved. In addition, the second recording / reproducing unit has a drive unit capable of processing the high-speed rotation mode, so that when the first recording / reproducing unit is mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, the first recording / reproducing unit is mounted. Can be operated in a high-speed rotation mode, and high-speed data transfer can be realized.

Further, since the first recording / reproducing section is constituted only by the recording / reproducing device section, the cost of the drive means as the first recording / reproducing section can be reduced. In addition, one of the major problems of a removable magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus of a type in which a disk is housed in a cartridge is upward compatibility, but an HDA in which the apparatus cost is greatly reduced.
Since only replacement is possible, upgrades can be made at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multi-mode magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a concentric track structure and a spiral track structure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the location of a file on a magnetic disk.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a comparison of mechanical properties of various substrate materials.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a head unit.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a head slider (a papion type negative pressure slider).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the linear velocity dependency of the flying height of a head slider.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the skew angle dependence of the flying height of a head slider.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a variation in flying height due to a skew angle when the linear velocity of the head slider changes.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a contact head.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the linear velocity dependence of the flying height of a contact slider.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a head unit.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example for changing a load.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a recording / reproducing signal processing circuit, a disk interface unit, and the like.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing signal processing timings of a header section and a data section in a high-speed rotation mode and a low-speed rotation mode.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a processing example of a channel encoding processing unit and a channel decoding processing unit.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a multi-mode magnetic recording / reproducing system.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Multi-mode magnetic recording / reproducing apparatus, 2 ... Magnetic disk, 3 ... Rotation drive part, 3A ... Spindle motor, 4 ... Head part, 5 ... Recording / reproduction signal processing part, 6 head / arm drive control circuit, 7 spindle drive circuit, 8 hard disk controller, 11 disk interface unit, 11a
Byte FIFO, 12 ... Internal system bus, 13
... Demultiplex circuit, 14 ... Data FI
FO, 15 ... command status register, 16
..Disk format control unit, 16a ... address map unit, 17 ... CPU, 18 ... ROM storage unit, 19 ... RAM storage unit, 20 ... read / write host interface, 21 ... ··· Disk data timing control unit, 22 ··· data bus · internal system · timing control unit, 23 ··· CPU bus interface, 24 ··· connected device bus, 25 ··· arm
26: head slider, 27: vertical axis, 28
..Suspension, 29 ... magnetic head, 29R
..Recording magnetic head, 29P ... reproducing magnetic head, 3
1, 32 side rail, 33 cross rail, 34 negative pressure groove, 35 taper, 51
・ Load beam (suspension), 52: arm, 53: head slider, 54: leaf spring, 5
5. Actuator, 55a Active element, 55
b: displacement enlargement mechanism, 61: VCM driver,
62 ... VCM, 63 ... Position detection circuit, 64 ...
· Spindle motor driver, 65 · · · rotation speed detection circuit, 67 · · · MPU, 68 · · · actuator driver, 71 · · · CRC / ECC generation check circuit, 7
2 ... serializer, 73 ... channel encoding processing unit, 74 ... channel decoding processing unit, 81 ... 8-9 encoder, 82 ... precoder, 83 ... recording amplifier, 91 ...・ Reproduction amplifier, 9
2 ... low-pass filter, 93 ... changeover switch,
94: AGC circuit, 95: A / D converter,
Reference numeral 96: digital filter, 97: Viterbi decoder, 98: 8-9 decoder, 100: multi-mode magnetic recording / reproducing system, 101: recording / reproducing device, 102: station, 103 ..Portable information terminal devices, 104: home server / database, 105: electronic album device, 106: personal computer

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Naoto Kojima 6-35, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Inside Sony Corporation (72) Inventor Masayuki Nakayama 6-35, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Sony Corporation

Claims (34)

[Claims] 1. A rotation drive means for driving a magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation drive means, and a signal being recorded on the magnetic disk by using a recording magnetic head. A recording / reproducing apparatus comprising: signal recording means; and signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head, wherein a magnetic flux responsive magnetic head is used as the reproducing magnetic head. 2. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic flux response type magnetic head is a magnetic head utilizing a magnetoresistance effect. 3. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic flux response type magnetic head is a magnetic head utilizing a giant magnetoresistance effect. 4. A rotation driving means for driving a magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. Signal recording means; and signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head, wherein a ceramic having a high thermal conductivity is used as a material of a substrate of the magnetic disk. Playback device. 5. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the ceramic having a large thermal conductivity is a silicon carbide ceramic or a ceramic having an increased thermal conductivity by adding an additive thereto. 6. A rotation driving means for driving a magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. A signal recording unit; a signal reproducing unit for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed by the rotation control unit; A high-speed rotation mode in which the drive unit rotates at a high speed. The recording magnetic head and the reproduction magnetic head are located at the innermost position of a recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. A recording / reproducing apparatus which realizes floating recording / reproducing from a position to an outermost peripheral position. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said recording magnetic head and said reproducing magnetic head are mounted on a papion type negative pressure slider. 8. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a load change mechanism for switching a load applied to the magnetic head. 9. The load changing mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the load changing mechanism switches a load applied to the magnetic head in accordance with a change in a rotation speed of the magnetic disk and a change in a radial position of the magnetic head. Recording and playback device. 10. A rotation driving means for driving a magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. A signal recording unit; a signal reproducing unit for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed by the rotation control unit; A high-speed rotation mode in which the drive unit rotates at a high speed. The recording magnetic head and the reproduction magnetic head are located at the innermost position of a recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk in both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. A recording / reproducing apparatus for realizing contact-type recording / reproducing from a position to an outermost peripheral position. 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a load change mechanism for switching a load applied to the magnetic head.
0. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to 0. 12. The load changing mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the load changing mechanism switches the load applied to the head in accordance with at least one of a change in a rotation speed of the magnetic disk and a position in a radial direction of the magnetic head. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1. 13. A rotation driving means for driving a magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling an operation of the rotation driving means, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. A signal recording unit; a signal reproducing unit for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed by the rotation control unit; A high-speed rotation mode in which the drive unit rotates at a high speed. The recording magnetic head and the reproduction magnetic head are in contact with each other from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk in the low-speed rotation mode. And a floating type recording / reproduction in the high-speed rotation mode. Reproducing apparatus. 14. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a load change mechanism for switching a load applied to said magnetic head.
3. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to 3. 15. The recording apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the load-load varying mechanism switches the load applied to the head in accordance with a change in the rotational speed of the magnetic disk and a change in the radial position of the head. Playback device. 16. A rotation drive unit for rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control unit for controlling the operation of the rotation drive unit, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. Signal recording means; and signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head. A signal recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk is managed on a disk surface basis, and rotation of the magnetic disk is controlled. A recording / reproducing apparatus, wherein the number is a predetermined number of revolutions for each disk surface. 17. A rotation drive unit for rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control unit for controlling the operation of the rotation drive unit, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. Signal recording means; and signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head. A signal recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk is provided in a cylinder or a disk surface of the magnetic disk. A recording / reproducing apparatus which is managed in a specific zone or a file unit, and wherein the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is a predetermined rotation speed for each management unit area. 18. A rotation drive unit for rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control unit for controlling the operation of the rotation drive unit, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. Signal recording means, and signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head, in order to maintain the recording density at the innermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk, A recording / reproducing apparatus, wherein the rotation speed of the magnetic disk decreases as the magnetic head moves toward the outer periphery of the magnetic disk. 19. A rotation drive unit for rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control unit for controlling the operation of the rotation drive unit, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. A signal recording unit; and a signal reproducing unit for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head. The rotation control unit operates at a rotational speed of such a degree that the magnetic head makes contact traveling in a standby mode. A recording / reproducing apparatus which controls the rotation driving means so that the magnetic disk rotates. 20. A rotation drive unit for rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control unit for controlling the operation of the rotation drive unit, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. Signal recording means, and signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head, wherein the rotation control means operates at a rotational speed such that the magnetic head makes contact running in an idle mode. A recording / reproducing apparatus which controls the rotation driving means so that the magnetic disk rotates. 21. A rotation driving means for driving a magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, a recording signal processing means for processing write data and obtaining a recording signal. A signal recording means for recording the recording signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head; a signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; and a signal reproduced by the signal reproducing means. A high-speed rotation mode for rotating the magnetic disk at a high speed, comprising:
A low-speed rotation mode for rotating the magnetic disk at a lower speed than the high-speed rotation mode, wherein the reproduction signal processing means corresponds to the high-speed rotation mode, and the reproduction signal is reproduced by the signal reproduction means in the high-speed rotation mode. A recording / reproducing apparatus for supplying the reproduced signal directly to the reproduction signal processing means, and supplying the signal reproduced by the signal reproduction means to the reproduction signal processing means via a low-pass filter in the low-speed rotation mode. 22. A rotation driving means for driving the magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, a recording signal processing means for processing write data and obtaining a recording signal. A signal recording means for recording the recording signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head; a signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; and a signal reproduced by the signal reproducing means. Reproduction signal processing means for processing read signals to obtain read data, wherein a recording track on the magnetic disk includes a header section and a data section for each sector, and the number of rotations of the magnetic disk is set to a first value. A first rotation mode that is a rotation speed, and a second rotation mode in which the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is k times the first rotation speed.
And a second rotation mode having a rotation speed of the first rotation mode and the second rotation mode, wherein a distance of a signal gap portion between the header portion and the data portion is equalized. Recording / reproducing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 23. A rotation driving means for driving the magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, a recording signal processing means for processing write data and obtaining a recording signal. A signal recording means for recording the recording signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head; a signal reproducing means for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; and a signal reproduced by the signal reproducing means. A low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed by the rotation control means, and a high-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a high speed by the rotation drive means. When the write data is audio data, the low-speed rotation mode is selected, and the write Data recording and reproduction apparatus, characterized in that the high-speed rotation mode is selected when a video data. 24. A rotation driving means for driving the magnetic disk to rotate at a plurality of rotation speeds, a rotation control means for controlling the operation of the rotation driving means, and recording a signal on the magnetic disk using a recording magnetic head. A signal recording unit; a signal reproducing unit for reproducing a signal from the magnetic disk using a reproducing magnetic head; a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed by the rotation control unit; A first recording / reproducing unit capable of operating in a high-speed rotation mode in which the driving unit rotates at a high speed; and a second recording / reproducing unit to which the first recording / reproducing unit is detachable. Operates in the low-speed rotation mode when not mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit, and operates in the low-speed rotation mode when mounted on the second recording / reproducing unit. A recording / reproducing apparatus, which operates in one of a mode and the high-speed rotation mode. 25. The first recording / reproducing unit has drive means capable of processing only the low-speed rotation mode, and the second recording / reproducing unit is capable of processing both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 24, further comprising a unit. 26. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the first recording / reproducing section comprises only a recording / reproducing device section. 27. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, wherein the signal is reproduced on the magnetic disk using a magnetic flux responsive magnetic head. Characteristic recording / reproducing method. 28. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, wherein the substrate of the magnetic disk is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity. Recording and playback method. 29. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, comprising: a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed;
A high-speed rotation mode for rotating the magnetic disk at a high speed. In both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode, the floating recording / reproduction from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. Recording / reproduction method. 30. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, comprising: a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed;
A high-speed rotation mode for rotating the magnetic disk at a high speed. In both the low-speed rotation mode and the high-speed rotation mode, contact-type recording / reproduction from the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk. Recording / reproduction method. 31. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, comprising: a low-speed rotation mode in which the magnetic disk is rotated at a low speed;
A high-speed rotation mode for rotating the magnetic disk at a high speed. From the innermost position to the outermost position of the recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk, in the low-speed rotation mode, perform contact-type recording and reproduction. A recording / reproducing method, wherein floating recording / reproducing is performed in a rotation mode. 32. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, wherein a signal recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk is a unit of a disk surface of the magnetic disk. Wherein the number of rotations of the magnetic disk is controlled to be a predetermined number of rotations for each disk surface. 33. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head by rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, wherein a signal recorded / reproduced on / from the magnetic disk is a cylinder or a disk of the magnetic disk. A recording / reproducing method, which is managed in a specific zone or a file unit in a plane, and is controlled so that the rotation speed of the magnetic disk becomes a predetermined rotation speed for each management unit area. 34. A recording / reproducing method for recording / reproducing a signal by a magnetic head while rotating a magnetic disk at a plurality of rotation speeds, wherein a recording density at an innermost peripheral position of a recordable / reproducible area of the magnetic disk is maintained. A recording / reproducing method, wherein the rotation speed of the magnetic disk is reduced as the head moves toward the outer peripheral side of the magnetic disk.