JPH10299982A - Adsorbent for vacuum insulation body and vacuum insulation body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the adsorbing performance and a heat insulation property of an adsorbent in a vacuum insulation body, and facilitate the installing work. SOLUTION: A getter material 3 for gas adsorbing consists of a trunk body 33 including a bottom part 31, the front end part 32, and a front end side part 33a to form a sharp head part, and a bottom side part 33b may be provided. A vacuum insulation body panel 1 is composed by inserting getter materials 3 in a spacer material 2, and the getter materials 3 are installed to make their bottom parts 31 at the same plane with the spacer material 2, and then it is covered with a film form container 4 and made in a vacuum condition, so as to form the vacuum insulation body panel 1. Since the getter material 3 can be installed easily in such a way, and the porous getter material 3 is not blocked by a large amount of adhesive and the like, the gas adsorbing property is improved, and the good condition of the heat insulation property can be maintained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorbent and a vacuum heat insulator in a vacuum heat insulator formed by covering a heat insulating material having a continuous space and an adsorbent for adsorbing internal gas with an outer peripheral body. It is used as a box or wall material of a freezer, a refrigerator, a freezer, a heating chamber, a heating furnace, or the like, for a heat insulating structure for insulating between the inside and the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a vacuum insulation panel, which is a vacuum insulation body, a gas generated by a change over time or a gas slightly permeating from a panel material is applied to a urethane board called a core material covered with the panel material. Generally, a structure in which an adsorbent called a getter material for adsorbing and maintaining a vacuum is placed in contact with a urethane board is arranged. However, in this structure, since the getter material has a shape protruding from the vacuum heat insulating panel, this often becomes an obstacle when mounting the panel.

To solve this problem, for example, FIG.
As shown in (a), a vacuum heat insulating panel 1 'formed by kneading a granular getter agent 3' into a heat insulating spacer material 2 'made of communicating urethane (see JP-A-61-65996), As shown in FIG. 2B, as a sheet-type adsorbent, a gas adsorbent such as calcium hydroxide or activated carbon is mixed with an adhesive as in the related art and compressed to form a sheet-shaped getter material 3 '. There has been proposed a vacuum heat insulating panel 1 'formed by combining an aluminum laminated film sheet 4' with a spacer material 2 'of a communicating rigid urethane foam (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-256563).

However, in the former conventional example (a), when the activated carbon as the getter material is kneaded into the hard polyurethane as the spacer material, the urethane itself adheres to the surface of the activated carbon and the porous material required for gas adsorption is required. However, there is a problem that the gas adsorption effect is reduced despite the fact that the pores are closed and the activated carbon is uniformly mixed. In addition, the uncertainty of the effect makes it difficult to determine the optimum mixing amount of the getter material. Furthermore, since the getter material acts as a foreign matter of urethane at the time of foaming, a skin layer is formed on the surface of the getter material, and there is a drawback that the presence of the getter material becomes an obstacle in producing uniform urethane.

[0005] In the latter conventional example (b), activated carbon or the like is finely granulated and mixed with the adhesive in order to make the getter material into a sheet type, so that the adhesive closes the pores similarly to the urethane of the previous example. There is a problem that it acts to lower the adsorption effect. In addition, since the adsorbent such as activated carbon has no flexibility, there has been a problem that it is difficult to manufacture and process the adsorbent into a sheet.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, has good adsorption performance of an adsorbent in a vacuum heat insulator, can maintain good heat insulation for a long period of time, and is easy to manufacture. An object of the present invention is to provide an adsorbent with improved usability and a vacuum insulator using the same.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is used for adsorbing gas in a vacuum insulator provided with a heat insulating material having a continuous space. In the adsorbent, the adsorbent has a bottom portion in which at least another portion of the one portion and the other portion is substantially flat, a tip portion having an area smaller than the area of the bottom portion, the bottom portion and the tip portion. And a portion having a distal end portion having a reduced cross-sectional area in the direction of the distal end portion.

[0008] The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the above, the adsorbent is formed in a gas-permeable container.

A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the features of the first aspect, the part is formed by at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion for handling.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorbent used for adsorbing a gas in a vacuum heat insulator provided with a heat insulating material having a continuous space, wherein the adsorbent has an elongated core shape and has a longitudinal direction. Is used so as to be in a direction substantially perpendicular to one surface of the heat insulating material.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum heat insulator formed by covering a heat insulating material having a continuous space and an adsorbent for adsorbing internal gas with an outer peripheral body, wherein the adsorbent is partly and partly separated from the other part. At least the other portion of the bottom portion is substantially flat, a tip portion having an area sufficiently smaller than the area of the bottom portion, a portion between the bottom portion and the tip portion, A portion having a tip side portion having a reduced cross-sectional area in a direction, and the bottom portion is used so as to be substantially flush with one surface of the heat insulating material. .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum heat insulator formed by covering a heat insulating material having a continuous space and an adsorbent for adsorbing internal gas with an outer peripheral body, wherein the adsorbent has an elongated core shape. The length direction is used so as to be substantially perpendicular to one surface of the heat insulating material.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an example of a vacuum heat insulator and its adsorbent to which the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1A, a vacuum heat insulating panel 1 as a vacuum heat insulator is formed by covering a spacer material 2 as a heat insulating material and a getter material 3 as an adsorbent with a film-shaped container 4 as an outer peripheral body. ing.
As the spacer material 2, a heat insulating material having a continuous space made of, for example, urethane foam, which is a plastic foam, having a light weight and a large heat insulating effect is used. The getter member 3 is attached by piercing the spacer member 2 as described later. The film-shaped container 4 is made of, for example, a laminated film on which aluminum is deposited, and has gas barrier properties, that is, poor gas permeability.

The getter material 3 is used for adsorbing the gas in the vacuum heat insulating panel 1 and is made of an adsorbing material such as activated carbon. As shown in FIG.
And a body portion 33 between them. In this example, the bottom 31 is a substantially flat surface that is uniform over the entire surface. The tip portion 32 only needs to have an area smaller than the area of the bottom portion 31, but in this example, the tip portion 32 has a dot shape as a minimum area. The body portion 33 includes a distal end portion 33a having a reduced cross-sectional area in the direction of the distal end portion 33, and this portion and the distal end portion 32 form a pointed head. Therefore,
The getter material of the present example has a conical shape and is composed of only a pointed head.

FIG. 3C shows another example of the getter material 3. In this example, the distal portion 33a is formed as a truncated cone. The area of the tip 32 is about 1/10 of the area smaller than the bottom 31. Although this area depends on properties such as the size of the getter material and the strength of the spacer material, the area is desirably about 1/5 to 1/10 or less of the bottom area. By adopting a structure in which a fixed area is added to the distal end in this way, even if the getter material 3 has a large brittleness depending on the type and properties thereof, it is possible to prevent the distal end from being broken or chipped. Further, the body portion 33 is provided with a columnar bottom portion 33b which is continuous with the front end portion 33a. By providing a portion having a uniform cross section as described above, the contact area with the spacer material 2 can be increased, and the gas adsorption ability can be increased.

(D) and (e) show another example of the shape of the tip side portion 33a forming the pointed head of the getter material 3. (D) shows a triangular pyramid shape as an example of a pyramid. Since this shape is a simple tetrahedron, its processing is easy.
However, the cone may be a pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid or more, or a modified cone having a bottom surface of an ellipse or the like, in addition to the cones and the triangular pyramids exemplified above. Further, as shown in the above (c), a truncated cone having a truncated portion as the tip portion 32 may be used.

FIG. 3E shows an example in which one surface of the triangular prism is a bottom portion 31 and the opposite side is a tip portion 32. Further, truncated prisms such as truncated prisms, truncated cylinders, and truncated elliptical cylinders, and special shapes such as truncated truncated truncated ellipsoids and cuboids may be used. In addition, as in (b) and (d), the body part 33
May be constituted only by a tip side portion 33a forming a pointed head, or as shown in (c) and (f), a bottom side portion 33b forming a continuous column is formed. Is also good.

(G) shows an example of a simpler shape of the getter material, which is, for example, an elongated core having a thickness of about a pencil lead and a length of about 10 to 20 mm. This one is
In the vacuum heat insulating panel of (a), it is used by piercing and inserting into the spacer material 2 so that the length direction thereof is substantially perpendicular to one surface of the film-like container 4. Therefore, the diameter and the length are determined in consideration of the ease of piercing and the fact that the piercing does not cause breakage.

[0019] This shape has a small adsorption capacity by itself, but it is easy to use a large number of them, for example, by distributing them all over to obtain a uniform gas adsorbing property and heat insulating property in a vacuum heat insulating panel. it can. In addition, by inserting with a suitable flat tool, it is easy to align the rear end side with the surface of the spacer material. Since the cross section is uniform, the inserted state is stably maintained. It is needless to say that the cross section may have another shape such as a polygonal shape.

FIG. 2 shows another example of the getter material. (A)
The getter material 3 is formed by placing the bottom portion 31, the front end portion 32, and the body portion 33 in a pellet-shaped front-end container 5 and a rear-end container 6 for encapsulating the whole. The front and rear end containers 5 and 6 have the front end container 5 separably fitted in the rear end container 6 so that the getter material can be put therein. The getter material 3 put in these containers is pierced into the spacer material 2 and is formed as a vacuum heat insulating panel in that state. The containers 5 and 6 are formed so as to have air permeability by the properties of the material itself or appropriate processing, and the gas in the spacer material 2 is adsorbed through the containers.

In this example, the activated carbon or the like as the getter material may be integrated into a shape close to the shape of the container, but may be a small granular material which is the shape when manufactured normally. Is also good. When small particles are used as they are, no adhesive is required for bonding, and the gas adsorption surface is maximized. Therefore, the gas adsorption performance is also in the best condition.

(B) and (c) show examples in which a hole 31a as a concave portion for handling the getter material and a projection 31b as a convex portion are provided in a part of the bottom 31 of the getter material 3, respectively. These holes and projections may be provided simultaneously. By providing such a portion, when the operation of piercing the getter material 3 into the spacer material 2 is to be mechanized, a tool or the like to be used can be fitted into the holes or protrusions and easily connected. Also, in the case of manual work, the holding and handling properties are improved. The protrusion 31b is broken off after the getter material is mounted on the spacer material. For this reason,
The protrusions may be appropriately sized or cut to make them easy to cut.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the vacuum insulation panel. As the vacuum insulation panel, various shapes and structures can be manufactured in accordance with the intended use by combining with various types and shapes of getter materials. In this example, three types of conical getter materials 3a are used. , 3b and 3c are arranged to form the vacuum heat insulating panel 1. The same type of activated carbon or the like is put in each getter material, but different types may be used. By combining different types of getter materials in this way, a getter material is compounded corresponding to the spacer material 2,
A good adsorption effect can be exhibited by adjusting the amount and properties.

The getter material and the vacuum insulation panel using the same as described above are manufactured, for example, as follows. The spacer material 2 is manufactured into a panel shape by foaming a foam material in a mold having the size and shape of the vacuum heat insulating panel 1. The getter material 3 is manufactured in any one of various shapes as shown in FIG. For example, in the case of activated carbon, since the size is usually smaller than that obtained as the getter material 3 shown in FIG. 1, the required strength is obtained by temporarily bonding or sintering them to a desired shape with a small amount of adhesive. Manufacture to come out.

The spacer material 2 and the getter material 3 are joined by piercing the getter material 3 having a pointed head into the spacer material 2 so that the bottom 33 is substantially flush with the spacer material 2. In this case, the getter material itself penetrates while expanding the spacer material, so that the spacer material 2
It is not necessary to provide a space for a getter material by performing drilling or notching beforehand. Therefore, the work of attaching the getter material is easy. This operation is performed directly by hand or by using a suitable tool. When a tool is used, the bottom hole 33a or the protrusion 33b shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C can be effectively used.

FIG. 4 shows a state of force when the getter member 3 is pierced into the spacer member 2 when the getter member 3 is the cone shown in FIG. Getter material 3 is, for example, 10 mm
When the size is small and small, the force for piercing does not matter so much, but when the size is increased to some extent, the piercing force increases. The condition at this time is the same as when the wedge is driven. As shown in FIG. 3A, the getter material 3 is uniformly perpendicular to the conical slope of the getter material 3 from the spacer material 2 with respect to the piercing force P. It receives the reaction force N and the slope direction friction force F.

The resultant force R balances with the piercing force P as shown by the force polygon in FIG. N and F are
It is determined by the contact area and surface pressure when the getter material pierces. In this case, since the spacer material 2 is a porous material having a continuous space and has various strengths, when the getter material 3 advances, the material is deformed close to plastic deformation or is locally broken and the space portion is sequentially reduced. Although the pressure density of the material itself increases, the surface pressure does not increase so much even near the end of the piercing. Therefore, no excessive vertical reaction force is generated.

Although the spacer material 2 has a certain degree of compressive strength as a whole, it is easily deformed or sheared locally as described above. No large frictional force is generated when sliding. When the getter material 3 is put in a container as shown in FIG. 2, the frictional force is further reduced because the surface is smooth.

Therefore, the normal force N and the frictional force F
Since the piercing resistance R acting as a resultant force does not increase so much, by using a getter material having a pointed head as in the present invention, even if the size is slightly increased,
It can easily pierce the spacer material. Since the spacer material is soft and has a space,
Even if the getter material having a sharp tip is pierced, cracking due to stress concentration does not proceed in the spacer material and no residual stress is generated, and therefore, the spacer material does not break at the getter material portion. And the heat insulation property is maintained favorably.

On the other hand, since the spacer member 2 has an appropriate elasticity and a coefficient of friction although it is small as described above,
When the getter material is pierced into the spacer material 2, the state is stably maintained without getting out. Since the bottom surface 31 is substantially flat, the bottom surface 31 is stably held along the film container 4.

Although the case where the tip of the getter material is a sharp cone is described with reference to FIG. 4, even in various other shapes, the getter material is easily pierced into the spacer material by substantially the same action. Can be. For example, in FIGS. 1 (c) and (f), the tip 32 is truncated,
Since this area is small, when the getter material is pierced, the truncated portion breaks the low-strength spacer material so that it can easily proceed. The inclined portion is as described in FIG.

When the getter material 3 is mounted on the spacer material 2, they are covered with a film-like container 4 in the same manner as in the conventional manufacturing method, and the inside of the container is brought into a high vacuum state using a vacuum pump or the like (not shown) and welded. The container is hermetically closed by, for example, to complete the vacuum insulation panel.

In the vacuum insulation panel as described above, since the step of piercing the getter material at the time of manufacturing and the various properties of the spacer material are well matched, the mounting operation of the getter material is extremely easily performed by the present invention. be able to. In addition, since the pores on the surface of the getter material are not closed by melting or adhesion of the spacer material during the adhesive or foaming, the gas absorption performance of the getter material is high and is maintained well for a long time. The effect can be improved. or,
Since the getter material is inserted into the spacer material, no projecting portion is formed on the panel surface, so that the design and manufacture of the vacuum insulation panel can be facilitated and the convenience in using the panel can be improved.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the adsorbent has a cross-sectional area in the direction of the substantially flat bottom, the tip having a smaller area, and the tip. Having a portion with a reduced distal portion, so that the tip is pierced into the insulative material and placed therein,
The bottom can be substantially flush with this. As a result, it is necessary to pre-drill the heat-insulating material as in the prior art, and the mounting work becomes extremely easy. Also, since the bottom and the heat insulating material can be coplanar,
The design and manufacture of the vacuum heat insulator can be facilitated, and its usability can be improved.

Since the operation of piercing the adsorbent into the heat insulating material can advantageously utilize the strength characteristics and the like of the heat insulating material having a continuous space, a large force is not required for piercing, and the state after piercing is not changed. It is held stably and the work itself can be performed very easily.

Further, since the adsorbent is applied to the heat-insulating material which has already been foam-molded in this way, as in the case where the conventional adsorbent is mixed and foamed, the pores of the adsorbent are tightly closed by the heat insulating material itself. Never be. Further, unlike the case where the conventional adsorbent is made into fine powder and processed into a sheet, the pores are not blocked by a large amount of adhesive. As a result, the gas adsorbing performance of the adsorbent is good, and the good heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulator can be maintained for a long time. Also, the amount of the adsorbent used can be reduced.

Further, since the adsorbent is attached by piercing, the number of attachments can be freely increased or decreased. Therefore, the type and number of adsorbents can be freely adjusted according to the properties of the heat insulating material, that is, the type and amount of gas to be generated, the amount of external air permeating the outer peripheral body covering the vacuum heat insulator, and the heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulator It is possible to realize an optimum state for maintaining the state. In this case, since the adsorbent includes not only the front end portion but also a portion having an enlarged cross-sectional area therefrom, the gas adsorbing effect of the single adsorbent can be increased.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above, since the adsorbent is formed in a gas-permeable container, the surface of the adsorbent is made uniform, and the adsorbent is pierced into the heat insulating material. The frictional resistance at the time can be reduced, and the mounting work can be further facilitated. In addition, since it is not necessary to bond the adsorbent with an adhesive, sintering, or the like, an adsorbent that does not use this at all facilitates its production and further improves the gas adsorption performance. In this case, for example, small-sized activated carbon can be used as it is, so that the operation of forming the adsorbent becomes extremely simple, and its surface area is maximized, so that the gas adsorption performance can be further improved. .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect of the present invention, since a concave portion or a convex portion for handling the adsorbent is provided in a part of the bottom portion, the handling becomes easy, and In the case of mechanization of production, mounting of a tool or the like for piercing can be facilitated.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the size of the adsorbent used for adsorbing the gas in the vacuum heat insulator provided with the heat insulating material having a continuous space becomes smaller with respect to the length. It can be pierced into the heat insulating material and easily attached thereto. In this case, since the heat-insulating material has the mechanical properties of the substance itself and the continuous space, the strength is low, and therefore, the elongated core-shaped adsorbent has a length direction substantially perpendicular to one surface of the heat-insulating material. It can be easily pierced in the direction.

This shape has a low adsorbing capacity by itself, but can easily be used in a large number, for example, by distributing the heat in a heat insulating material as a whole to obtain uniform gas adsorbing and heat insulating properties in a vacuum heat insulating panel. Can be obtained. In addition, by driving with a flat tool such as a hammer, it is easy to align the rear end side with the surface of the heat insulating material. Since the cross section is uniform, the inserted state can be stably maintained.

Even in this shape, as in the case of the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to omit processing such as perforating the heat insulating material, to facilitate the design and manufacture of the vacuum heat insulator, and to improve the usability. Various effects such as good gas adsorption performance, reduction in the amount of adsorbent used, and freedom in the number of attachments can be obtained.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorbent for a vacuum heat insulator formed by covering a heat insulating material having a continuous space and an adsorbent for adsorbing internal gas with an outer peripheral body. Since the same structure is used, the same function and effect as in claim 1 can be obtained in the vacuum heat insulator.

According to the invention of claim 6, the adsorbent of the vacuum heat insulator formed by covering the heat insulating material having a continuous space and the adsorbent for adsorbing the gas inside with the outer peripheral body is provided. Since they have the same configuration, the same function and effect as in claim 4 can be obtained in the vacuum heat insulator.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a structural example of a vacuum heat insulating panel and a getter material to which the present invention is applied, (a) is a sectional view of the vacuum heat insulating panel,
(B) thru | or (g) are perspective views which show the various shapes of a getter material.

FIGS. 2A to 2C are perspective views showing another example of a getter material.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another example of the vacuum heat insulating panel.

4A is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a force when piercing a getter material, and FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing a polygon of a force.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views showing an example of a conventional vacuum heat insulating panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum heat insulation panel (vacuum heat insulator) 2 Spacer material (heat insulation material) 3 Getter material (adsorbent) 3a, 3b, 3c Getter material (adsorbent) 4 Film-shaped container (peripheral body) 5 Tip-side container (container) 6 Rear end side container (container) 31 Bottom part 31a, hole (concave part, part) 31b Projection (convex part, part) 32 Front part 33 Body part (part between) 33a Front part 33b Bottom part

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An adsorbent used for adsorbing gas in a vacuum insulator provided with a heat insulating material having a continuous space, wherein at least one of the part and the other part is substantially flat. A bottom portion, a tip portion having an area smaller than the area of the bottom portion, and a portion between the bottom portion and the tip portion, the tip side portion having a reduced cross-sectional area in the direction of the tip portion. An adsorbent, comprising: 2. The adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is formed in a container having air permeability. 3. The adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the part is formed of at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion for handling. 4. An adsorbent used for adsorbing gas in a vacuum insulator provided with a heat insulating material having a continuous space, wherein the adsorbent has an elongated core shape and the length direction is substantially equal to one surface of the heat insulating material. An adsorbent characterized by being used so as to be at right angles. 5. A vacuum heat insulator formed by covering a heat insulating material having a continuous space and an adsorbent for adsorbing internal gas with an outer peripheral body, wherein the adsorbent is at least one of a part and another part. Part is substantially flat, a tip part having an area sufficiently smaller than the area of the bottom part, and a part between the bottom part and the tip part, and a cross-sectional area in a direction of the tip part. A vacuum insulation, wherein the bottom is used such that the bottom is substantially flush with one surface of the insulating material. 6. A vacuum heat insulator formed by covering a heat insulating material having a continuous space and an adsorbent for adsorbing an internal gas with an outer peripheral body, wherein the adsorbent has an elongated core shape and has a longitudinal direction. A vacuum insulator which is used so as to be substantially perpendicular to one surface of the heat insulating material.