JPH10293105A - Combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate observation of a state inside a combustion cell. SOLUTION: Fuel 6 in a combustion tray 2 disposed inside a combustion cell 1 of which the wall 5 is a glass plate is combusted and combustion products 1 are produced. Being surrounded by gas from nozzles 10 of a gas supply device 3, the combustion products 1 are guided from an exhaust port 9 to an exhaust gas treating device 4 by a driving force of an exhaust fan 11 and are purified and released into the atmosphere. Since the wall 5 of the combustion cell is the glass plate, a state of combustion and others inside the combustion cell 1 can be observed visually through the wall.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus for grasping a combustion state of a combustion substance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, metallic sodium (Na)
FIG. 6 shows a combustion apparatus for grasping the combustion state of
As shown in the figure, the combustion dish 2 is placed in a steel combustion cell 1, and the combustion of metallic sodium (Na) on the combustion dish 2 is observed through a window 24 provided on the wall of the combustion cell 1. Was.

[0003] The shape of the combustion cell 1 is rectangular.

[0004] In the fire extinguishing training for metallic sodium (Na) during combustion, the trainee wears protective clothing, enters the combustion cell 1 to carry out fire extinguishing activities, and performs other activities outside the combustion cell 1. Observed the fire extinguishing activity in the combustion cell 1 from the window 24 described above.

[0005]

However, in such a conventional technique, since the wall of the combustion cell 1 is made of metal, the internal condition cannot be visually recognized from other than the window 24.

In particular, when a person enters the combustion cell 1 during fire extinguishing training or the like, there is a possibility that the movement of the person cannot be accurately grasped from outside the combustion cell 1.

Further, when the internal trainer in the combustion cell 1 has to escape and evacuate to a clean gas space during the fire extinguishing activity, there is no evacuation place in the combustion cell 1 and it is dangerous. Furthermore, when a large number of visitors are targeted, the field of view from the window 24 to the inside of the combustion cell 1 is narrow, and the observation cannot be performed at once from the window 24 provided on the wall of the combustion cell 1, so the efficiency is very poor.

Further, since the combustion products adhere to the window 24 and the wall, and the window 24 becomes cloudy, it is necessary to clean the window 24 and the inner surface of the combustion cell 1 every time of combustion.

Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a wide field of view of the conditions within a combustion cell.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustion apparatus including a combustion cell forming a closed space in which a combustion substance is disposed, wherein a wall of the combustion cell is provided. This combustion device is characterized in that the walls and ceiling are made of a transparent material.Since the walls of the combustion cell or the walls and ceiling are made of a transparent material, the effect of being able to see through the combustion cell in a wide field of view is obtained. Can be

[0011] Similarly, the second means is a combustion apparatus characterized in that the shape of the combustion cell is cylindrical or polygonal in the first means, and in addition to the operation and effect of the first means,
The shape of the combustion cell is a cylinder or a polygon, and an operational effect is obtained in which the internal combustion state can be seen from an arbitrary position around the combustion cell.

[0012] Similarly, the third means is a means for supplying air to the space in the combustion cell in the first means or the second means,
A means for controlling a flow of a fluid in the combustion cell, which has a function of suppressing diffusion and convection of a gas generated during combustion of a combustion substance and a combustion product toward a combustion cell wall, is communicated in the combustion cell. A combustion device characterized by being mounted as described above, in addition to the operation and effect of the first means or the second means, the high-temperature gas generated during combustion by controlling the flow of fluid in the combustion cell and the combustion products. The effect of suppressing diffusion and convection in the direction of the combustion cell wall is obtained, and the effect of preventing the combustion products from adhering to the inner wall surface of the combustion cell and obstructing the field of view can be obtained.

[0013] Similarly, the fourth means is any one of the first means to the third means, and further comprises means for discharging gas and combustion products in the combustion cell due to combustion of the combustion substance out of the combustion cell. A combustion device for removing combustion products, the combustion device being mounted in communication with the combustion cell. The combustion device further includes a combustion effect in addition to the operation and effect of any one of the first to third means. The effect is obtained that the product is excluded to the outside of the combustion cell and the visibility is clearly secured.

A fifth means is the same as the fourth means, wherein the means for removing combustion products includes a cyclone separator, a water scrubber, a filter, and an electromagnetic dust collector.
At least one of the combustion devices is characterized in that it employs at least one combustion device, and specifically specifies a device that can be employed as a means for removing combustion products in addition to the effect of the fourth means.

The sixth means is characterized in that, in the fourth means, the means for removing combustion products has means for changing the chemical form of the combustion products in order to increase the efficiency of removing the combustion products. In addition to the operation and effect of the fourth means, the chemical form of the combustion product can be changed to a form that can be easily repaired, and the removal efficiency of the combustion product can be increased.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention.

The combustion device comprises a combustion cell 1, a combustion dish 2, a gas supply device 3, and a smoke exhaust treatment device 4.

The combustion cell 1 has a cylindrical shape, and the wall 5 of the combustion cell is transparent so that the inside of the combustion cell can be seen from outside.

The fuel 6 is supplied to the combustion dish 2, and combustion is performed by heating or igniting the fuel 6 in the combustion dish 2.

The gas 8 required for combustion is supplied by the gas supply device 3 into the combustion cell.

The combustion products 7 generated by the combustion rise in the combustion cell together with the gas 8, and are discharged from the exhaust port 9 to the outside by the exhaust fan 11 through the smoke exhaust treatment device 4.

The smoke exhaust treatment device 4 removes combustion products 7 contained in the gas from the exhaust port 9 to purify the gas.

The nozzle 10 arranged on the floor of the combustion cell
Is for controlling the airflow inside the combustion cell and suppressing the diffusion of the combustion products 7 toward the wall 5 of the combustion cell. 2a and 2b show one embodiment of the combustion cell 1.
Shown in

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the wall 5 of the hexagonal combustion cell 1 is made of a transparent glass plate 12.
, And the 16 sides of the combustion cell 1 have the same configuration.

Of course, a transparent acrylic plate may be used instead of the glass plate 12 depending on conditions.

Each glass plate 12 is incorporated in a metal frame 13 and reinforced. As the material of the metal frame 13, a SUS material is usually used, but depending on conditions, an aluminum plate may be used to reduce the weight.

At the center of the floor of the combustion cell 1, a combustion dish 2 is placed via a heat insulating material 14.

The gas supply pipe 17 for flowing gas into the combustion cell 1 on the floor of the combustion cell 1 and the nozzles 10a, 1
0b is attached.

One nozzle 10a is located between the combustion dish 2 and the wall 5 of the combustion cell.

The other nozzle 10b is located closer to the wall 5 of the combustion cell.

The flow rate of the gas from each of the nozzles 10a and 10b is controlled so as to rise vertically in the form of an air curtain and then exit through the upper exhaust port 9.

The air curtain 15a controlled in this way acts so as to prevent the combustion products 7 from diffusing to the periphery (in the radial direction), so that no combustion products 7 exist between the air curtain 15a and the cell wall 5. A transparent and clean gas space, that is, a clean gas space 16 exists.

The combustion products 7 are mixed and discharged while being trapped in the space inside the air curtain 15a.

As a result, even when a fire extinguishing operation is performed while entering the combustion cell 1, it is possible to evacuate to the clean gas space 16, which is safe.

The air curtain 15b near the wall 5 of the combustion cell acts to prevent the combustion products 7 from adhering to the inner surface of the wall 5 of the combustion cell. Has been maintained.

Instead of the air curtain 15b, a method of giving a swirling flow near the wall surface may be used. In this case, nozzle 1
The direction of Ob is the tangential direction around the wall 5 of the combustion cell.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are system diagrams of one embodiment of the gas supply device 3. FIG.

FIG. 3A is a gas supply device for the air curtain 15a, and FIG. 3B is a system diagram of the gas supply device 3 for the air curtain 15b.

In the above embodiment, since the wall 5 of the combustion cell is hexagonal, the number of nozzles 10a and 10b is also equal to one.
The number is six, and the gas is supplied from one supply pipe 17 to two nozzles.

The flow rate of gas supplied to each nozzle is adjusted by a valve 18.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the smoke exhaust device.

The present embodiment is directed to combustion of metallic sodium (hereinafter, Na), and aims to remove sodium oxide (Na ₂ O) generated during combustion. It comprises a cyclone separator 19, a water scrubber 20, and an exhaust fan 11.

The gas in the combustion cell 1 flows out of the exhaust port 9 by the exhaust fan 11 and enters the cyclone separator 19.

Here, combustion products Na ₂ contained in the gas
Some of the O 2 is eliminated by centrifugal force.

The gas exiting the cyclone separator 19 enters a downstream water scrubber 20 where most of the Na
₂ O is transformed into an aqueous solution of caustic soda and removed.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the smoke exhaust device.

The present embodiment is also directed to the combustion of metallic sodium (hereinafter referred to as Na), and aims to more efficiently remove sodium oxide (Na ₂ O) generated during combustion.

The configuration is such that the cyclone separator 19,
Mixer 2 in addition to water scrubber 20 and exhaust fan 11
5, a CO ₂ cylinder 21, a heater 22, and a steam generator 23.

In this embodiment, in order to increase the efficiency of removing the cyclone separator 19, Na ₂ O particles are converted into Na ₂ CO ₃ particles before entering the cyclone separator 19.

Na ₂ CO ₃ has a larger mass than Na ₂ O particles, and a larger centrifugal force acts thereon. Also, it is possible to easily remove particles that are scattered and are trapped on the inner wall surface of the cyclone separator. In addition, there is an advantage that it is harmless to the human body and no problem occurs even if it is released into the atmosphere.

In this embodiment, the gas leaving the exhaust port 9 enters the mixer 25, where Na ₂ O contains water vapor and CO ₂
With Na ₂ CO ₃ particles.

In the chemical process, first, Na ₂ O reacts with steam to form caustic soda NaOH, and then reacts with CO ₂ to form Na ₂ CO ₃ .

Water vapor required for the reaction is supplied from a steam generator 23, and CO ₂ is supplied from a CO ₂ cylinder 21.

Since the above reaction is accelerated when the gas temperature reaches 300 ° C., a heater 22 is provided to increase the temperature of CO ₂ .

According to the embodiment of the present invention, since the combustion cell 1 is cylindrical and the wall of the combustion cell is transparent, the situation inside the combustion cell 1 can be visually recognized from outside the combustion cell 1 from any position. .

In this way, a large number of people can observe and experience from the outside of the entire circumference of the combustion cell 1 at a time, and can understand the whole movement of the person inside the combustion cell 1.

Further, since the combustion products 7 do not adhere to the inner surface of the combustion cell 1 due to the action of the air curtain, it is not necessary to clean the inner surface of the combustion cell 1 each time combustion is performed, so that the working efficiency is improved.

Further, since the clean gas space 16 always exists in the combustion cell 1, the person in the combustion cell 1
You can evacuate without having to escape.

Further, the generated combustion products 7 are continuously treated, converted into a chemical form harmless to the human body, and then released to the atmosphere, which is safe.

As described above, the combustion test,
The contribution to improving the efficiency of fire extinguishing drills and improving safety is significant.

Each embodiment of the present invention is used as a facility for a combustion test, a fire extinguishing experience, and a training of various substances including dangerous substances.

Each embodiment of the present invention is particularly effective as a fire extinguishing training facility for fires of dangerous substances such as Na.

When the embodiment of the present invention is adopted, a combustion test,
The contribution to improving the efficiency of fire extinguishing drills and improving safety is significant.

[0065]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since at least the wall of the combustion cell is transparent, it is possible to easily understand the situation in the combustion cell.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, since the combustion cell is cylindrical or polygonal, a large number of the inside of the combustion cell is formed around the outside of the combustion cell from a polygonal direction. The effect that the situation can be easily grasped is obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second aspect, by controlling the airflow in the combustion cell, it is possible to secure a view to the inside of the combustion cell, and to secure the view inside the combustion cell. This has the effect that the clean gas space can be secured as an evacuation place.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the combustion products in the combustion cell are excluded from the combustion cell to remove the combustion products from the combustion cell. This has the effect that the visibility can be secured and the situation inside the combustion cell can be grasped reliably.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 4, a specific configuration can be pointed out as a means for removing combustion products.

According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 4, it is possible to change the chemical form of the combustion product to a form that is easy to repair, and to increase the efficiency of removing the combustion product.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a combustion cell of the combustion device of FIG. 1,
(A) is an upper plan view, and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a gas supply device for an air curtain shown in FIG. 2;
The system diagram of the gas supply device for a is shown, and the diagram (b) is the system diagram of the gas supply device for the air curtain 15b.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a flue gas treatment device provided in a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a system diagram of another embodiment of the flue gas treatment device provided in the combustion device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional combustion device.

[Description of Signs] 1 ... combustion cell, 2 ... combustion dish, 3 ... gas supply device, 4 ... smoke exhaust treatment device, 5 ... combustion cell wall, 6 ... fuel, 7 ... combustion product, 8 ... gas, 9 ... Exhaust ports, 10a, 10b ... Nozzles, 11 ... Exhaust fans, 12 ... Glass plates, 13 ... Metal frames, 14 ... Heat insulators, 15a, 15b ... Air curtains, 16 ... Clean gas spaces, 17 ... Gas supply pipes, 18 …
Valve: 19: cyclone separator, 20: water scrubber, 21: CO ₂ cylinder, 22: heater, 23: steam generator, 25: mixer.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Moto Yamamoto 3-2-2 Sachimachi, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Within Hitachi New Clear Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kengo Iwashige 7-2 Omikacho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture No. 1 Inside Power and Electricity Development Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Masao Mine 3-1-1, Sachimachi, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Pref. Hitachi, Ltd. Hitachi Plant

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A combustion device comprising a combustion cell forming a closed space in which a combustion substance is disposed, wherein a wall or a wall and a ceiling of the combustion cell are made of a transparent material. . 2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the combustion cell is cylindrical or polygonal. 3. A means for supplying air to a space in a combustion cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein gas generated during combustion of a combustion substance and diffusion of combustion products toward the combustion cell wall are provided.
Means for controlling a flow of a fluid in the combustion cell having a function of suppressing convection, and being mounted in communication with the combustion cell. 4. A means for discharging gas and combustion products in a combustion cell due to combustion of a combustion substance out of the combustion cell, and removing the combustion products according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A combustion device, wherein the combustion device is mounted in communication with the combustion cell. 5. The combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein at least one of a cyclone separator, a water scrubber, a filter, and an electromagnetic dust collector is employed as means for removing combustion products. 6. A combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said means for removing combustion products has means for changing the chemical form of the combustion products in order to increase the efficiency of removing the combustion products. .