JPH10292839A - Compound air spring - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily install a compound air spring consisting of air springs and laminated rubbers without increasing the outside diameter and height thereof, and also to increase the horizontal displacement. SOLUTION: A compound air spring is made up of a first cylindrical laminated rubber 13 consisting of a substantially flat upper plate 10, an intermediate plate 14 of an Ω-letter shape in section which is positioned below the upper plate 10 and which is lower in the peripheral part 14a and higher in the central part 14c, a substantially flat lower plate 24 which is positioned below the intermediate plate 14, and a plurality of ringshaped rubber plates 11 and hard plates 12 for connecting the upper plate 10 and the peripheral part 14a of the intermediate plate 14; and a second laminated rubber 20 consisting of a plurality of rubber plates 22 and hard plates 23 for connecting the central part 14c of the intermediate plate 14 and the lower plate 24. Further, the space surrounded by the upper plate 10, the intermediate plate 14, and the first laminated rubber 13 is formed into an air chamber 15 into which compressed air is supplied.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite air spring comprising an air spring and laminated rubber, which is suitable for being interposed between a vehicle body of a railway vehicle and a bolsterless bogie.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an air spring interposed between a vehicle body of a railway vehicle and a bolsterless bogie, there is known a composite air spring in which laminated rubber is connected to the lower side of a diaphragm type air spring using a rubber diaphragm. ing. One example is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, a laminated rubber 1 has a donut-shaped rubber plate 3 and a hard plate 4 alternately laminated on a circular lower substrate 2, an upper substrate 5 is laminated on the upper rubber plate 3, and these are integrated. Formed into a hollow cylindrical shape. The lower substrate 2 is fixed to a bolsterless carriage, and a hollow shaft 2a protruding downward from the center of the lower substrate 2 is connected to a pressure source with an auxiliary air chamber.

On the upper substrate 5 of the laminated rubber 1, a small-diameter bead portion of a rubber diaphragm 7 is provided with a small-diameter bead ring 8.
The large-diameter bead portion of the diaphragm 7 is mounted on the lower surface of the disc-shaped upper plate 9 by the large-diameter bead ring 10. Then, the upper surface plate 9 is fixed to the lower surface of the vehicle body. In order to reduce friction when the small-diameter bead ring 8 and the upper plate 9 come into contact with each other, an anti-friction plate 11 is fixed on the upper surface of the small-diameter bead ring 8 and a lubrication plate 12 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper plate 9. Is done.

In the above-described composite air spring, the laminated rubber 1 is mainly deformed in the horizontal direction, and the diaphragm 7 is mainly deformed in the vertical direction. However, in order to increase the horizontal displacement between the bogie and the vehicle body, the diameter of the diaphragm 7 is small. If the bulge of the diaphragm 7 is increased by increasing the distance between the side bead portion and the large-diameter side bead portion, the outer diameter of the diaphragm 7 is increased, so that the installation space for the air spring is increased, and the rubber plate in the laminated rubber 1 is also provided. When the number of laminated rubber sheets 3 is increased, the height of the laminated rubber 1 increases, and there is a problem that it is difficult to install the laminated rubber sheet 1 between the bogie and the vehicle body.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a composite air spring comprising a diaphragm type air spring and a laminated rubber, wherein the diaphragm is replaced with a laminated rubber different from the above-mentioned laminated rubber, that is, this separate air is used. By using the laminated rubber of the flexible wall of the air spring as a flexible wall, it can be easily installed between the bogie and the vehicle body without increasing the outer diameter and height,
In addition, the horizontal displacement can be increased.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A composite air spring according to the present invention has a substantially flat upper plate, an intermediate plate having a lower peripheral portion located below the upper plate and a higher central portion and having a Ω-shaped cross section. A substantially flat lower plate located below the plate, a cylindrical first laminated rubber comprising a plurality of ring-shaped rubber plates and a hard plate connecting the upper plate and the peripheral portion of the intermediate plate, and It is composed of a second laminated rubber composed of a plurality of rubber plates and a hard plate connecting the central portion of the intermediate plate and the lower plate, and a space surrounded by the upper plate, the intermediate plate and the first laminated rubber is compressed air. It is characterized by being formed in the air chamber supplied.

According to the present invention, an air spring having the first laminated rubber as a flexible wall is formed by the upper surface plate, the intermediate plate and the cylindrical first laminated rubber. Since the two laminated rubbers are connected, a composite air spring in which the above air spring and the second laminated rubber are connected in series is formed. Therefore, the air spring including the first laminated rubber is largely deformed for vertical movement, and is deformed for horizontal movement.
The rubber plates of both the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber are deformed, and large horizontal deformation is enabled. Moreover, since the cylindrical first laminated rubber forms the flexible wall of the air spring system, a large deformation can be obtained with a smaller outer diameter than that of the diaphragm-type flexible wall.

On the lower surface of the first laminated rubber, there is provided an intermediate plate having an Ω-shaped cross section, that is, a ring-shaped peripheral portion having an outer shape substantially equal to that of the above-mentioned upper plate, and a cylindrical portion standing upward on an inner peripheral edge of the peripheral portion. And an intermediate plate comprising a central portion provided in the shape of a lid plate is attached to the upper end of the cylindrical portion. Between the central portion of the intermediate plate and the lower surface plate thereunder, in other words, the cylindrical first plate
Since the cylindrical portion of the intermediate plate and the second laminated rubber are arranged inside the laminated rubber in order, the height of the entire composite air spring is significantly lower than the total height of the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber.

The mounting height of the air spring can be maintained at a constant height irrespective of load by adjusting the air pressure filled in the air chamber, similarly to the conventional diaphragm type. Therefore, as the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber connected in series with the first laminated rubber, a rubber that is easily deformed can be selected and used without considering static load deflection. For example,
The rubber plate of the first laminated rubber can have a relatively large thickness, a relatively small number thereof, a large amount of vertical deformation, and an easy adjustment of the mounting height. on the other hand,
The rubber plate of the second laminated rubber has a relatively small thickness, and the number thereof is set relatively large, so that the horizontal displacement can be further increased. Further, by providing an auxiliary air chamber outside the air chamber inside the first laminated rubber and connecting them, the spring constant of the air spring system can be adjusted.

[0010] The rubber plates of the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber are both vulcanized rubbers of relatively high hardness made of natural rubber and synthetic rubber such as ethylene propylene diene rubber, nitrile rubber and butadiene rubber. It is a board.
However, as the first laminated rubber and the second laminated rubber, a rubber which is easily deformed as described above can be selected and used. Further, the hard plate can be made of metal, ceramics, fiber laminate, thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, FRP, or the like.
The shape of the rubber plate and the hard plate may be any of a circle, a square, a rectangle, an ellipse and the like, but a circle is usually preferable.

In the first laminated rubber, a relatively large circular hole is provided at the center of the circular rubber plate and the hard plate to form a ring, and the ring-shaped rubber plate and the hard plate are alternately laminated to form a first laminated rubber. It is preferable to form one laminated rubber into a cylindrical shape. Note that the rubber plate and the hard plate are alternately stacked and integrated by bonding, and this bonding is advantageously performed by vulcanization bonding which also serves as vulcanization of the rubber plate. On the other hand, the rubber plate and the hard plate of the second laminated rubber do not necessarily require a hole at the center, but a hole is provided at the center to form the second laminated rubber into a hollow cylindrical shape, and the hollow portion is formed into a hollow cylinder. It is possible to communicate with the air chamber of one laminated rubber, and in this case, it is preferable in that the air chamber capacity of the entire air spring is increased, and it also has a role as a communication hole connected to an auxiliary air chamber or a pressure source. Also in this second laminated rubber, the rubber plate and the hard plate are preferably bonded by vulcanization.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 In FIG. 1, an upper surface plate 10 is formed as a substantially flat disk, and an upwardly directed hollow shaft 10a protrudes at the center.
A ring-shaped rubber plate 11 and a hard plate 12 made of a steel plate whose outer diameters are approximately equal to the upper plate 10 are alternately laminated on the lower surface of the upper plate 10, and these are integrated by vulcanization bonding.
The rubber plate 11 and the hard plate 12 form a cylindrical first laminated rubber 13, which constitutes a flexible wall of the air spring. The lower surface of the lowermost hard plate 12 has a section Ω.
A letter-shaped intermediate plate 14 is fixed, and an air chamber 15 is formed inside the upper surface plate 10, the first laminated rubber 13, and the intermediate plate 14.

The intermediate plate 14 has a ring-shaped peripheral portion 14a having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the upper plate 11 and the hard plate 12.
A cylindrical portion 14b is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the peripheral portion 14a to stand upward, and a central portion 14c is provided at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 14b in the form of a cover plate. Is provided. The ring-shaped peripheral portion 14a is fixed to the lower surface of the lowermost hard plate 12 with bolts (not shown).

On the lower surface of the central portion 14c of the intermediate plate 14,
An intermediate substrate 16 having a center hole 16a having an outer shape substantially equal to that of the central portion 14c is fixed, and a ring-shaped upper plate 21 of the second laminated rubber 20 is fixed to a lower surface of the intermediate substrate 16 with bolts (not shown). Is done. The second laminated rubber 20 is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of ring-shaped rubber plates 22 and hard plates 23 each having a smaller outer diameter on the lower surface of the ring-shaped upper plate 21, and forming the lowermost rubber A substantially disk-shaped lower plate 24 having a diameter larger than that of the rubber plate 22 is superimposed on the lower surface of the plate 22, and these ring-shaped upper plate 21 and rubber plate 2
2. The hard plate 23 and the lower plate 24 are integrated by vulcanization bonding to form a cylinder having a smaller outer diameter than the cylindrical portion 14 of the intermediate plate 14.

The ring-shaped upper plate 21, rubber plate 22 and hard plate 23 are provided with a central hole 16 of the intermediate substrate 16.
A central hole larger than “a” is provided, and a hollow shaft 24 a protrudes downward from the lower plate 24. In this embodiment, the thickness of the rubber plate 22 of the second laminated rubber 20 is smaller than the thickness of the rubber plate 11 of the first laminated rubber 13, and the number of laminated layers is set to be larger. Rubber 20
Are set almost equal.

The composite air spring is interposed between the body of the railway vehicle and the bolsterless bogie, and is provided with the upper plate 10
Are fixed to a vehicle body (not shown), and the lower surface plate 24 is fixed to a bogie (not shown). One of the upward hollow shaft 10a of the upper surface plate 10 and the downward hollow shaft 24a of the lower surface plate 24 is connected to a pressure source, and the other is connected to an auxiliary air chamber via an air tube. The air chamber 15, the hollow portion of the second laminated rubber 20, and the auxiliary air chamber are filled with compressed air of a predetermined pressure for use.

In this embodiment, the first layered rubber 13, the second layered rubber 20, and the air pressure filled in the air chamber 15 act as a composite system against a vertical load, and the air pressure is adjusted at that time. Thereby, the total height of the first laminated rubber 13 and the second laminated rubber 20 can be kept constant regardless of the magnitude of the load. In this case, since the thickness of the rubber plate of the first laminated rubber 13 is large, the first laminated rubber 13 is easily deformed in the thickness direction, so that the flexible wall of the air spring is easily displaced in the vertical direction. And, for the horizontal force, the rubber plate 11 of the first laminated rubber 13 and the rubber plate 2 of the second laminated rubber 20
Since each 2 is sheared, a large horizontal displacement becomes possible. On the other hand, since a large number of rubber plates 22 having a small thickness are used for the second laminated rubber 20, a larger horizontal displacement can be achieved. The cylindrical first laminated rubber 1 surrounding the air chamber 15 is also provided.
Since 3 constitutes the flexible wall of the air spring, it enables a large horizontal displacement with a small outer diameter as compared with the diaphragm. Further, since the second laminated rubber 20 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and communicates with the air chamber 15 inside the first laminated rubber 13, the air chamber capacity of the entire air spring system increases, and the pressure fluctuation decreases accordingly. can do.

[0018]

As described above, the composite air spring of the present invention is interposed between the body of the railway vehicle and the bolsterless bogie, similarly to the conventional composite air spring composed of a diaphragm type air spring and laminated rubber. Can be used. The first laminated rubber forms a flexible wall of the air spring, an intermediate plate fixed to the lower surface of the first laminated rubber is formed in an Ω shape, and the first laminated rubber is formed on the ring-shaped peripheral portion. Since the rubber is installed and the second laminated rubber is provided below the central portion, the outer diameter and height of the entire composite air spring do not increase, so that it can be easily installed between the bogie and the vehicle body, and can be installed horizontally. The displacement can be increased.

In particular, in the composite air spring according to the second aspect, the thickness of the rubber plate of the first laminated rubber is relatively thick, the number thereof is relatively small, and the thickness of the rubber plate of the second laminated rubber is relatively small. Because it is thin and the number is relatively large,
The vertical deformation can be increased, the adjustment of the mounting height can be easily performed, and the horizontal displacement can be further increased. Also, in the composite air spring according to the third aspect, the second laminated rubber is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the inner space thereof is communicated with the air chamber inside the first laminated rubber. As a result, the volume of the air chamber becomes large, the spring coefficient of the air spring portion can be reduced, and the pressure fluctuation can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Top plate 10a: Hollow shaft 11, 22: Ring-shaped rubber plate 12, 23: Ring-shaped hard plate 13: First laminated rubber 14: Intermediate plate with Ω-shaped cross section 14a: Ring-shaped peripheral portion 14b: Cylindrical portion 14c: Central portion of lid plate 14d: Vent hole 15: Air chamber 16: Intermediate substrate 20: Second laminated rubber 21: Upper plate 24: Lower plate 24a: Hollow shaft

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A substantially flat upper plate, an intermediate plate having a lower peripheral portion located below the upper plate and a higher central portion having a Ω-shaped cross section, and a substantially flat lower plate located below the intermediate plate. A face plate, a cylindrical first laminated rubber comprising a plurality of ring-shaped rubber plates and a hard plate connecting the upper plate and the peripheral portion of the intermediate plate, and a plurality of connecting the central portion of the intermediate plate and the lower plate. A space formed by a second laminated rubber composed of two rubber plates and a hard plate, and a space surrounded by the upper surface plate, the intermediate plate, and the first laminated rubber is formed in an air chamber to which compressed air is supplied. Features a composite air spring. 2. The rubber plate of the first laminated rubber has a relatively large thickness and a relatively small number thereof, and the rubber plate of the second laminated rubber has a relatively small thickness and a relatively large number thereof. The composite air spring according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The second laminated rubber is formed in a cylindrical shape by laminating a ring-shaped rubber plate and a hard plate, and an inner space thereof is communicated with an air chamber inside the first laminated rubber.
A composite air spring according to item 1.