JPH10290669A - Nutrient for cultivated pearl oyster, and cultivation of pearl oyster by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a nutrient for cultivating a pearl oyster, capable of keeping the growth of the cultivated pearl oyster good, reducing mortality of the cultivated pearl oyster, and manifesting an excellent effect on improvement of quality of the pearl such as a yield, wrapping amount of the pearl material and luster, and further to provide a method for cultivating the pearl oyster by using the nutrient. SOLUTION: This nutrient for cultivating a pearl oyster consists essentially of a garlic extract containing an activated vitamin B1 derivative. The method for cultivating the pearl oyster comprises cultivation while carrying out at least once dipping treatment of the pearl oyster in a diluted liquid of the nutrient for cultivating the pearl oyster.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a nutrient for cultured pearl oysters and a method for culturing pearl mussels using the nutrient. For more information, cultured pearl nutrients that maintain the growth of cultured pearl mussels, reduce the mortality of pearl mussels, and improve the quality of pearls such as pearl quality, pearl winding, and shining And a method for culturing pearl mussels using the nutrients.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in pearl farms, shellfish for pearl cultivation, that is, pearl oysters, have become thin and weak, and their scallops have turned red and died. This is because
Aging of fishing grounds due to overcrowding over the years, improper working system, high water temperature, lack of nutrient plankton, influx of chemicals used in fish farming, weakening of pearl mussels by inbreeding in artificial hatching, virus theory However, it is unknown at this time which of these causes is the cause.

[0003] The damage has spread to pearl producing areas throughout the country, and pearl farmers have suffered enormous damage. There is no effective solution to this serious problem. Therefore, urgent investigation and countermeasures are required.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, maintains the growth of cultured pearl mussels, reduces the mortality of cultured pearl mussels, improves the rate of refined pearls, and increases the pearl winding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a nutrient for cultured pearl mussels that exhibits an excellent effect of improving the quality of pearls such as shine, and a method of culturing pearl mussels using the nutrient.

[0005]

The inventors of the present invention are studying the application of garlic extract containing active vitamin B ₁ derivative to pearl culture, and have studied cultured pearl mussels in a seawater tank containing garlic extract containing active vitamin B ₁ derivative. About once every 1-2 months
By immersion treatment for 0 minutes, glycogen, which is a good indicator of pearl mussels, maintains good growth of the pearl mussel, such as the tip, foot system, wall thickness, meat weight, size, etc. It was found that the amount was significantly increased. In addition, the inventor of the present invention reduced the mortality of cultured pearl mussels by performing the above-mentioned immersion treatment, and in the pearl analysis results after fried pearl, the refined product rate, pearl winding (the state of pearl layer winding), We have found that the quality of pearls such as shine is very good.
Furthermore, the same test was performed in a test conducted with more farms.

Thus, once every one to two months and 30
Although it is not clear why such an effect is obtained by a short immersion treatment for about a minute or so, and what component in the garlic extract containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative contains such an effect is not clear. As described above, cultured pearl mussels are subjected to considerable stress due to environmental changes such as poaching and high water temperature, influx of drugs, lack of food, breeding of pathogenic bacteria, and even intubation work. It seems to have reduced illness and led to death.

On the other hand, garlic and the active vitamin B ₁ derivative may induce stress-resistant substances, such as metal thionein, into the body to relieve stress. Furthermore, the active vitamin B ₁ derivative has a high absorbability and has an action of promoting metabolism in the body. In analysis of shellfish meat, vitamin B ₁ content, compared to the control group, 3 to 5 times immediately after dipping, maintaining 1.5-2 times higher even after 1 month, the energy required for further growth It was also found that the amount of glycogen as a source was significantly increased as compared with the control group.

[0008] From these viewpoints, the active vitamin B ₁ derivatives containing garlic extract was added to the seawater, by immersing the pearl thereto, is possible to effectively absorb the component of the active vitamin B ₁ derivatives containing garlic in extract In addition, these components are stored in the shell body for a long time, act synergistically or additively to relieve stress and promote metabolism in the body, thereby preventing the death of pearl mussels, It is estimated that effects such as growth promotion were brought about. It is also believed that the promotion of energy metabolism during growth also increased the secretion of Ca, which is a component of the nacre formed during growth, and was also effective in producing pearls with excellent quality. Can be

[0009] The present inventor has active vitamin B ₁ derivatives containing garlic extract, along with finding a number of excellent action as nutrients aquaculture pearl, as active vitamin B ₁ derivatives containing garlic extract material, and vitamin, food Because only garlic that has a proven track record is used, it has been found that there is no problem in terms of safety for living bodies and the environment, and the present invention has been completed based on these findings.

[0010] That is, the present invention according to claim 1 provides a nutrient for cultured pearl mussels containing a garlic extract containing an active vitamin B ₁ derivative as a main component.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in culturing pearl mussels, the pearl mussels are cultured at least once by immersion in a diluent of the cultured pearl mussel nutrients. The present invention provides a method for culturing pearl oysters, characterized by the following.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below.
First, the present invention described in claim 1 will be described. The nutrient for cultured pearl oysters according to the present invention described in claim ₁ contains a garlic extract containing a vitamin B1 derivative as a main component as described above.

The pearl mussels to which the nutrient for cultured pearls of the present invention described in claim 1 is applicable are not particularly limited as long as they can produce pearls and are used for aquaculture. Examples of such pearl mussels include, for example, marine ax feet such as pearl oysters, white oysters, and black oysters. Further, in addition to such marine species, freshwater species such as pokeweed can be targeted.

Further, as the pearl oysters, any of the larvae before insertion of the nucleus and the inserted nuclei can be the subject of the cultured pearl mussel of the present invention.

The components of the garlic extract containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative are a vitamin B ₁ derivative and garlic.
Among them, the active vitamin B ₁ derivative has high absorbency,
Has the effect of promoting metabolism in the body. The vitamin B ₁ derivatives containing garlic extract are readily prepared by mixing the active vitamin B ₁ derivatives and garlic extract. Here, the active vitamin B ₁ derivative refers to a derivative that exhibits excellent intestinal absorption and tissue transferability, has good persistence in the body, and easily returns to thiamine in a living body. Specific examples include alithiamine, thiamine propyl disulfide, thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide, and the like.

As described above, the garlic extract containing a vitamin B ₁ derivative, which is the main component of the nutrient for cultured pearl oysters according to the present invention, is obtained by mixing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative with the garlic extract. It can be easily prepared. For example, the allylic amine-containing garlic extract can coexist vitamin B ₁ and garlic extract under appropriate conditions to produce alliamine, and then efficiently obtain the allylic amine-containing garlic extract by the method exemplified below. it can.

Vitamin B ₁ (thiamine hydrochloride) is added to the garlic juice obtained by crushing and squeezing the raw garlic, and 0.1 to 5.0%, preferably 0.1%, of the raw garlic as a raw material.
After adding 5 to 3.0% and adjusting the pH to 7.5 to 9.0, preferably pH 7.5 to 8.5, the mixture is heated to 40 to 70 ° C, preferably 55 to 65 ° C, The reaction is carried out for a period of minutes to 4 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 2 hours, whereby an allylic amine-containing garlic extract (liquid substance) can be obtained. Further, this is concentrated and dried under reduced pressure to obtain an allylic amine-containing garlic extract powder. Incidentally, allithiamine the allicin in garlic are activated vitamin B ₁ obtained by reacting with vitamin B _1.

[0018] Note that after the completion of the reaction, the resulting precipitate is removed by filtration or centrifugation sedimentation, most garlic B ₁ extract powder near odorless (allithiamine) is obtained, the precipitate by filtration or centrifugation sedimentation In the removal, a filter aid such as celite or perlite or a protein coagulant such as calcium chloride or magnesium chloride may be used as necessary. Alternatively, the protein may be precipitated at pH 3 to 5 for precipitation.

Here, if the added amount of vitamin B ₁ is less than 0.1% based on garlic as a raw material, the amount of alliamine produced is insufficient. Further, even if added in excess of 5.0%, the amount of alliamine produced does not increase any more, and there is no point in adding. If the reaction pH, treatment temperature, and treatment time are each less than the lower limit shown, the amount of alliamine produced is insufficient, while if it exceeds the upper limit, the decomposition of vitamin B ₁ may occur. There is.

In the present invention according to the first aspect, for example, the garlic extract containing alliamine (garlic extract containing active vitamin B ₁ derivative) thus obtained is used.
(Liquid matter) can be used as a main component of the nutrient as it is, but this extract is further concentrated and dried under reduced pressure to obtain an allylic amine-containing garlic extract (active vitamin B _1).
Derivative-containing garlic extract) powder can also be the main component.

According to the present invention, the content of the active vitamin B ₁ derivative in the garlic extract containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative is usually 0.4 to 20%, preferably 0.4 to 20%, based on the solid content of the garlic extract. 2 to 12%.

The nutrient for cultured pearl oysters according to the present invention according to the first aspect is a garlic extract containing an active vitamin B ₁ derivative as described above as a main component. The active vitamin B ₁ in the nutrient for cultured pearl oysters according to claim 1 of the present invention.
The content ratio of the derivative-containing garlic extract is not particularly limited, but is usually 50 to 100%, preferably 70 to 10%.
It is 0%, and various additives can be appropriately blended as needed. Additives that can be blended are not particularly limited as long as they are generally used for pearl mussel culture, and include, for example, stabilizers, preservatives, various vitamins, minerals, antibiotics, hormones, oils and fats. , Carbohydrates, animal or vegetable proteins, amino acids and the like.

Further, the nutrient for cultured pearl oysters according to the present invention according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned garlic extract containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative as a main component, and optionally contains additives. Further, by adding excipients such as lactose and dextrin thereto, it can be used as a desired dosage form such as powder, granule and liquid.

Next, according to the present invention, in culturing pearl mussels, the pearl mussel is immersed at least once in the diluent of the cultured pearl mussel nut as described above. This is a method for cultivating pearl mussels, which is cultivated while culturing.

The pearl mussels to be subjected to the method for culturing according to the third aspect of the present invention are the same as those described in the first aspect of the present invention. It can be used regardless of any of the inoculated shellfish.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for culturing such pearl mussels, wherein the cultivated pearl mussels containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative-containing garlic extract as a main component as described in the first aspect is preferred. The pearl mussel is cultured while being immersed at least once in a diluent obtained by diluting nutrients.

Here, the water for dilution is seawater in the case of pearl mussels of marine species, but fresh water can also be used in the case of pearl mussels of freshwater species.

The immersion treatment may be carried out at least once during the cultivation of the pearl mussel, but is preferably carried out periodically several times. There are no particular restrictions on the intervals for regular implementation, but once every 2-3 months, especially once
Most preferably about once every two months.

The specific immersion treatment is performed, for example, in the first aspect.
The nutrient for cultured pearl mussels containing an active vitamin B ₁ derivative-containing garlic extract as a main component as described in (1) above is dissolved in a tank (water tank) containing water for dilution, such as seawater, and the pearl mussel is immersed in this. This is done by:

In the aquaculture method according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the nutrient for cultured pearl mussels containing a garlic extract containing an active vitamin B ₁ derivative as a main component is dissolved in water for dilution such as seawater, The addition amount (concentration) to the dilution water varies depending on the immersion treatment time and the like, and it is difficult to determine uniquely.

For example, when the immersion time is 30 minutes, the amount (concentration) of the nutrient added to the dilution water
Is usually 0.05 to 1.5% (0.01 in terms of solid content)
25-0.375%), preferably 0.2-0.7%
(0.05 to 0.175% in terms of solid content). If the amount (concentration) of the nutrient in this case is less than 0.05%, the effect of the addition is insufficient, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. On the other hand, if the nutrient is added in excess of 1.5%, not only may the pearl mussel be weakened, but it is not possible to obtain an effect commensurate with the amount added and the production cost increases, which is not preferable. .

The immersion time of the pearl mussel is generally from 5 minutes to
Although it is within the range of 2 hours, it is appropriately selected according to the above-mentioned addition amount. That is, when the concentration of the nutrient is high, the effect can be obtained with a short immersion treatment time, and when the concentration of the nutrient is low, the immersion treatment needs to be performed for a long time.

For example, when the amount (concentration) of the nutrient added is 0.
In the case of 5%, the immersion time is preferably in the range of 5 to 90 minutes, preferably 10 to 60 minutes. If the immersion treatment time in this case is less than 5 minutes, the effect of adding as a nutrient is insufficient, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. On the other hand, if the immersion time exceeds 90 minutes, the pearl mussel may be weakened.

In the cultivation method according to the second aspect of the present invention, the pearl oysters cultivated by a normal cultivation method are:
The immersion treatment as described above is performed at least once. As described above, the interval of the immersion treatment is preferably about once every one to two months. After the immersion treatment, it is necessary to return the pearl mussel to the farm immediately. The cultivation conditions in the cultivation site are normal cultivation conditions.

According to the aquaculture method of the present invention described in claim 2,
The pearl mussel immersed in the diluted solution of the nutrient for cultured pearl mussels according to claim 1 effectively absorbs the component in the garlic extract containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative in the nutrient. As a result, cultured pearl mussels maintain good growth, increase the amount of glycogen, which is an indicator of pearl mussels, reduce the mortality of cultured pearl mussels, and further improve the refined rate, It is possible to make pearls with very good quality such as winding and shining.

In this regard, as described above, the ingredients in the garlic extract containing the active vitamin B ₁ derivative in the nutrients are stored in the shell for a long period of time and act synergistically or additively to increase the stress. It is presumed that the effect of preventing mortality of pearl mussels and promoting growth was promoted by alleviating metabolism and promoting metabolism in the body. It is also believed that the promotion of energy metabolism during growth also increased the secretion of Ca, which is a component of the nacre formed during growth, and was also effective in producing pearls with excellent quality. Can be

[0037]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

Production Example 1 (Production of garlic extract containing alitiamine) 100 liters of fresh garlic were washed, crushed by adding 50 liters (L) of water, and squeezed. To the juice was added 2 kg of thiamine hydrochloride, adjusted to pH 8 with NaOH, and then kept at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling, the reaction solution was filtered to obtain about 100 kg of garlic extract containing alliamine. This alliamine-containing garlic extract (active vitamin B ₁ derivative-containing garlic extract) was used as a nutrient in Examples 1 to 4 below.

Production Example 2 (Production of garlic extract powder containing alliamine) To 100 g of fresh garlic washed, 50 L of water was added, and the mixture was crushed and squeezed. To the juice was added 2 kg of thiamine hydrochloride, adjusted to pH 8 with NaOH, and then kept at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling, the reaction solution was filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried with a spray drier to obtain about 25 kg of a garlic extract powder containing alliamine. This alliamine-containing garlic extract powder was used as a nutrient in Example 5 below.

Example 1 The nutrients obtained in Production Example 1 were combined with the garlic extract containing arithiamine at concentrations of 0%, 0.05% and 0.1%, respectively.
%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% to seawater to prepare a diluted solution of nutrients for cultured pearl oysters. In each dilution, pearl oysters (mothers 5-6)
After immersion treatment for 10 minutes each for 30 minutes, they were taken out and immediately left in the sea for 1 hour. This Toage, was disassembled, was measured the vitamin B ₁ content in the shellfish meat. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0041]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, it can be seen that the higher the nutrient concentration, the higher the vitamin B ₁ content, 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%,
0.5%, 1.0%, vitamin B ₁ content of dipping the shellfish in dilution of 1.5% concentration was found to be approximately proportional to allithiamine containing garlic extract concentration. However, some shellfish immersed in a diluent with a concentration of 2.0%
Somewhat weak were seen. From these results, if the concentration of nutrients in the diluent is 1.5% or less,
By immersing the pearl mussel in this for 30 minutes, it was found that the pearl mussel can be effectively supplied with vitamin B ₁ in the nutrient.

Example 2 The nutrient obtained in Production Example 1 was added to seawater such that the concentration of garlic extract containing arithiamine was 0.5% to prepare a diluent. 100 pearl oysters (mothers of 5 to 6 moms) were immersed in a seawater tank containing the diluent, and 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes after the start of immersion.
After a lapse of 120 minutes, 10 shells were taken out from the diluent. Retrieved shellfish, was allowed to stand immediately 1 hour into the sea, was disassembled, it was measured the vitamin B ₁ content in the shellfish meat. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0044]

[Table 2]

From Table 2, it was found that the longer the immersion time, the higher the vitamin B ₁ content of the pearl mussel. In particular, when the immersion time was up to 60 minutes, it was found that the immersion time and the vitamin B ₁ content showed a substantially proportional relationship. However, in the case of the immersion treatment time of 120 minutes,
A slightly weaker shell was found. From these results,
When the concentration is 0.5% of the nutrients in the diluent, if the immersion treatment time in the range of 5 to 90 minutes, it was found that it is possible to effectively supply vitamins B ₁ to pearl.

Example 3 3.2 kg of the nutrient obtained in Production Example 1 was put into a water tank filled with 800 L of seawater to prepare a diluent having a nutrient concentration of 0.4%. Next, pearl oyster (mother shellfish 7-8 momme)
8000 pieces were prepared. Before immersion treatment, 20 were selected from among them, the vitamin B ₁ content was measured, and the average value was determined. Thereafter, all of these pearl oysters were immersed in the above-mentioned diluent for 30 minutes, and then taken out. The taken out shellfish were immediately returned to the farm. 20 pearl oysters after the above immersion treatment were collected and vitamin B contained in the shell meat
_{1 The} content was measured, and the average value was determined. One month later, 20 pearl oysters were collected from the farm and dismantled.
Vitamin B ₁ content in shellfish meat, glycogen content, the total weight of the shellfish, shell weight, raw meat weight, the can crystallize weight of measured, the average thereof was calculated. As a control, pearl oysters 20 cultivated at the same farm and not subjected to immersion treatment
Individuals were collected and subjected to the same measurement, and the average value was obtained.
Table 3 shows the results.

[0047]

[Table 3]

Table 3 shows the following. Vitamin B ₁ content in shellfish meat in the test group, relative to the immersion pretreatment of 0.10 .mu.g / g, the immediately after the immersion for 30 minutes, increased to about four times 0.43μg / g Was. And, even if one month has passed since the immersion treatment, 0.21
and μg / g, about 1.5 times the amount of vitamin B ₁ in the control group (0.14μg / g) it has been included. Therefore, by dipping the oyster in nutrients of the present invention, the allithiamine is rapidly absorbed in the shellfish flesh tissue, a long period of time as vitamin B ₁ (at least one month) to be stored Do you get it.

In addition, the glycogen content, the total weight of the shellfish, the weight of the shell, the weight of the raw meat, and the weight of the perilla in the shell meat one month after the immersion treatment were significantly increased in the test group as compared with the control group. I knew I was doing it. It is also a great feature that the can crystals are developed by the immersion treatment in the nutrient of the present invention. The can crystals here are in the digestive tract, are translucent gelatinous rods containing a large amount of digestive enzymes, and are the main supply of digestive enzymes. A shell with a larger can crystallite has a higher ability to digest and absorb the nutrients ingested, and together with the amount of glycogen, is a measure of the superiority of the shell. From these results, by immersing the pearl oyster in the nutrient of the present invention, arithiamine is quickly absorbed into the shell tissue, and the absorbed vitamin B ₁ is stored in the shell for a long time, It is presumed that they act synergistically or additively to promote metabolism in the body and thereby bring about effects such as promotion of growth of pearl mussels.

Example 4 6000 inoculated pearl oysters (14 to 16 momes) after removal of those that died and enucleated during the curing period after intubation were prepared, divided into two groups of 3,000, and one of them was divided into two groups. The test group and the other group were used as control groups. In the test plot, 1000 L of the nutrient obtained in Production Example 1 was added to a concentration of 0.4%.
In a seawater tank, 3000 nucleated pearl oysters were immersed for 30 minutes, then taken out, and the taken out shellfish were immediately returned to the farm. Further, these were subjected to immersion treatment under the same conditions after 2 months and 4 months. On the other hand, in the control plot, about 3000 inoculated pearl oysters,
Without performing the immersion treatment, it was returned to the farm as it was.

In both the test group and the control group, 5 months after intubation,
Fifty samples were taken from each, and the glycogen content, total weight, shell weight, raw meat weight, dry meat weight, and can crystallite weight were measured, and the average value was determined. At the same time, the number of deaths at the time of 5 months after the intubation was examined. Table 4 shows the results. Furthermore, the resulting pearl pearl winding and the state of formation of the nacre were visually evaluated in two stages (good and bad).

[0052]

[Table 4]

Table 4 shows the following. In all the measured items, the test plot was significantly higher than the control plot, and showed good growth. From these, it is understood that the immersion treatment has an effect of promoting the growth of the shellfish. Among them, the difference in the amount of glycogen indicates that excellent pearl mussels can be obtained by performing the immersion treatment.

The number of deaths (329) in the test plot was about 60% of that in the control plot (526), indicating that the immersion treatment also had an effect of reducing the mortality. Furthermore, the state of pearl wrapping and nacre formation obtained from the shellfish in the test plot was good, and the number of defects was small. Therefore, it was found that the immersion treatment increased the energy metabolism and simultaneously increased the amount of Ca secreted to form a nacre, which was also effective in producing pearls excellent in quality.

Example 5 5400 inoculated pearl oysters (14 to 16 momes) after removal of those that died and enucleated during the curing period after inoculation were prepared, divided into 2 groups of 2700, and one of them was divided into two groups. The test group and the other group were used as control groups. In the test plot, the concentration of the garlic extract powder containing alithiamine obtained in Production Example 2 was 0.1%.
In a 1000 L seawater tank added so that
After immersion treatment of 700 inoculated pearl oysters for 20 minutes,
The shellfish were taken out and immediately returned to the farm. Furthermore, these were again subjected to the immersion treatment under the same conditions two months later. On the other hand, in the control group, 2700
Each of the inoculated pearl oysters was returned to the farm without being immersed.

In both the test and control plots, after 3 months of intubation,
50 samples were collected from each, and the glycogen content,
The total weight, shell weight, raw meat weight, dried meat weight, and can crystal weight were measured, and the average value was determined. Table 5 shows the results.

[0057]

[Table 5]

Table 5 shows the following. In Example 5 as in Example 4, the test plot clearly showed an increasing tendency with respect to the control plot in all the measurement items. In particular, the amount of glycogen, which is an index of pearl mussels, showed a remarkable increase. The growth of the tip and foot system was also very good. From these results, it was found that the same effect as the immersion treatment with the allylic amine-containing garlic extract (liquid material) can be obtained even when the allylic amine-containing garlic extract powder is used in the immersion treatment.

[0059]

The nutrient of the present invention according to claim 1 is presumed to have a stress relieving effect and an in vivo metabolism promoting effect on cultured pearl oysters.

Therefore, the nutrient according to the present invention described in claim 1 maintains the growth of cultured pearl mussels, reduces the mortality of cultured pearl mussels, and improves the pearls such as the percentage of refined products, pearl winding, and shining. Demonstrates an excellent effect in improving the quality of

Further, according to the culture method of the present invention described in claim 3, the cultured pearl mussel can effectively absorb the active ingredient in the nutrient and store it in the shell for a long time.
Therefore, according to the culture method of the present invention described in claim 3, the growth of the pearl mussel during the cultivation can be favorably maintained, the mortality of the cultured pearl mussel can be reduced, and further, the cultured pearl mussel during the cultivation can be obtained. The quality of pearls, such as the rate of refined products, pearl winding, and shine, can be improved.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A nutrient for cultured pearl mussels comprising a garlic extract containing an active vitamin B ₁ derivative as a main component. Wherein the active vitamin B ₁ derivative content containing active vitamin B ₁ derivatives occupying the garlic in extract, aquaculture pearl for nutrition of claim 1, wherein a 0.4 to 20% per the garlic extract solids . 3. A method for culturing pearl mussels, wherein culturing pearl mussels is performed by immersing the pearl mussels at least once in a diluent of the nutrient for cultured pearl mussels according to claim 1. .