JPH10281901A - Load device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure the instantaneous torque of a torque generating machine without using a mechanical torque measuring device by generating a load torque to be able to oppose the torque generating machine, and measuring a torque instantaneous value during the rotation of the torque generating machine. SOLUTION: A load torque is generated by a load torque generator 7 with a change-over switch thrown down on the side of a mechanical characteristic identification part to drive a continuous rotary system 5 for inputting the information of load torque and speed in the load torque generator 7 into the mechanical characteristic identification part. The mechanical characteristic identification part computes three parameters of the moment of inertia, coefficient of viscous friction and coefficient of Coulomb's friction of the continuous rotary system 5 from the load torque and speed. The change-over switch is thrown down on the side of a torque computing part for driving a torque generator 1 to inspect a torque performance and simultaneously starting the load torque generator 7 inside a load device 6. A torque computing section computes a load torque and speed from the load torque generator 7 and the torque of the torque generator 1 from the three parameters at real time to output them toward an external part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a load device for applying a load against a torque generated by a torque generator. In particular, the present invention relates to a load device in which a function of measuring an instantaneous value of a generated torque of a torque generator is realized at the same time as a load generation function without additional mechanical addition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to improve the torque generation performance of various torque generators represented by engines, turbines, motors, and the like, it is essential to inspect the generation performance. Generally, the torque generation performance of a torque generator depends on the rotation speed, and it is necessary to measure the torque in a rotating state. This characteristic is particularly remarkable in an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine.

FIG. 5 schematically shows a typical example of a conventional system for inspecting a generated torque at the time of rotation of a torque generator from the viewpoint of a mechanical configuration. Reference numeral 1 denotes a torque generator to be subjected to a torque generation performance inspection, and reference numeral 2 denotes a torque measuring device for measuring the torque of the torque generator. Reference numeral 3 denotes a load device for applying a load to the torque generator. As described above, in the conventional typical method, the three mechanical elements are mechanically connected to each other with the shaft, thereby forming a connected rotation system for torque inspection.

In the inspection of the generated torque, a predetermined torque is generated in the torque generator, and at the same time, a torque that can withstand this is also generated in the load device. At this time, it is general that any one of torque control and speed control is directly or indirectly applied to the load device. For this reason, the load device is usually provided with a means for taking in displacement information such as the speed of the coupled rotary system. As is well known, the torque of the coupled rotating system is transmitted through a shaft, and the torque is measured by a torque measuring device arranged in the middle of the coupled rotating system.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As explained above,
Conventionally, for reliable torque performance inspection of torque generators,
It was necessary to install a torque measuring device in addition to the load device. This type of torque measuring device detects a torque by using a torsion of a shaft in the torque measuring device generated according to the application of the torque. That is, the mechanical torsion of the shaft generated according to the intensity of the applied torque is detected and amplified by any method such as mechanical, electrical or magnetic, and the intensity of the applied torque is measured based on the detected amplification. Further, in order to improve the measurement sensitivity, the diameter of the shaft in the torque measuring device is generally smaller than the diameter of the shaft used for transmitting torque.

[0006] When a torque measuring device based on the above-described principle and configuration is installed in a coupled rotating system for torque inspection, a shaft having a relatively small diameter relative to the pulsating instantaneous torque generated by the torque generator. A torque measuring device using the same acts as a kind of spring in the connected rotating system to induce vibration. For this reason, it has been difficult to measure the instantaneous torque generated by the torque generator accurately and accurately. In addition, it has been difficult to increase the capacity of this type of torque measuring device in terms of detection technology if it is desired to maintain the precision to some extent. Further, the torque measuring device is generally as expensive or more expensive than the load device, and it is inconvenient in terms of cost to install the torque measuring device in the connected rotating system.

As described above, in the torque performance inspection of the torque generator, particularly in the measurement of the instantaneous torque during rotation,
Conventionally, installation of a torque measuring device has revealed problems in various points such as precision, accuracy, and cost, and these have been left as problems to be solved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and has as its object to solve the problems of instantaneous torque measurement caused by the introduction and installation of a mechanical torque measuring device. An object of the present invention is to provide a load device capable of measuring the instantaneous torque of a torque generator without using a simple torque measuring device.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a load device for applying a load to a torque generator, which generates a load torque that can withstand the torque generator. And a torque measuring means for measuring an instantaneous torque value during rotation generated by the torque generator.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the load device of the first aspect, the torque measuring means determines a part or all of the mechanical characteristics of a coupled rotary system formed by coupling the torque generator and the load device. Referring to at least the torque generated by the load torque generating means or a physical quantity associated therewith, mechanical characteristic identification means for identifying prior to torque measurement of the torque generator, and a torque generated by the load torque generating means or A torque calculating means for calculating a torque by a torque generator by using at least a physical quantity associated therewith and a mechanical characteristic of the coupled rotating system identified in advance by the mechanical characteristic identifying means, Is what you do.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the load device of the second aspect, the torque measuring means further includes an attaching / detaching means such that the mechanical characteristic identifying means is detachable from the torque measuring means. Is what you do.

Next, the operation that occurs due to the means taken will be described. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the load device can measure not only load torque generating means for generating a load torque that can withstand the torque generator but also an instantaneous torque value during rotation generated by the torque generator. Even the torque measuring means is integrally provided. This allows
In the torque measuring means, various signals used for generating the load torque inside the load torque generating means (for example,
Information such as the angular acceleration, angular velocity, and angle of the coupled rotary system used for generating the load torque, and the load torque generated by the load torque generating means or a physical quantity such as a load torque command value related thereto can be easily used. In addition, it becomes possible to perform necessary signal processing on these signals,
The instantaneous torque of the torque generator can be measured without the necessity of an enormous device configuration only by these signal processings.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, first aspect is provided.
Since the torque measuring means in the load device according to the described invention includes the mechanical characteristic identifying means, all of the mechanical characteristics (mainly, the moment of inertia, the viscous friction coefficient, and the Coulomb friction coefficient) of the coupled rotating system are measured prior to the torque measurement. Or, if there are known properties, the unknown part can be identified. Moreover, since the identification of the mechanical characteristics at this time is performed with reference to at least the torque generated by the load torque generating means or a physical quantity related thereto,
The actual mechanical properties of the coupled rotary system evaluated from the torque measuring means in the load device can be identified and obtained. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the torque measuring means in the load device according to the first aspect can include at least the following torque calculating means. That is, since the calculating means can have at least both the signals used for the load torque generating means and the mechanical characteristics of the actual coupled rotating system identified based on the similar signals, the related various The signal can be subjected to signal processing in consideration of actual mechanical characteristics.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a second aspect is provided.
The effect is obtained that the mechanical characteristic identification means constituting the torque measurement means in the load device according to the invention described above is detachable from the torque measurement means. As a result, an effect is obtained that the mechanical characteristic identification means can be realized using a personal computer or the like. The mechanical property identification means is not used after the required identification of the mechanical properties of the coupled rotary system is completed. Therefore, the removal of the mechanical characteristic identification means after the identification is completed and the required mechanical characteristics are available does not cause any technical hindrance to the torque measurement immediately after.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows a state in which a torque generator to be tested for torque generation performance and a load device of the present invention are connected. Reference numeral 1 denotes a torque generator, 6 denotes a load device of the present invention, 7 denotes a load torque generator embodying a load torque generating means in the load device, and 8 denotes a torque measuring means in the load device. Each of the torque measuring devices is shown. Numeral 5 indicates a connecting rotary system when viewed from a mechanical viewpoint. The load torque generator 7 in the present invention is the same as, for example, the load device 3 having no torque measurement function in the related art shown in FIG. Since this content is obvious to those skilled in the art, further description will be omitted, and focus will be placed on the description of the torque measuring device 8 which is the core of the present invention.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the inside of the torque measuring device 8. Reference numeral 9 denotes a mechanical characteristic identification unit that embodies mechanical characteristic identification means, 10 denotes a torque calculation unit that embodies torque calculation means, and 11 denotes a detachable connector for making the mechanical characteristic identification unit detachable from the torque measuring device main body. It is.
Reference numeral 12 denotes a changeover switch for distributing various signals output from the load torque generator and input to the torque measuring device to one of the mechanical characteristic identification unit and the torque calculation unit.

Prior to the description of the operation of the load device according to the present invention, the principle of measuring the instantaneous torque of the torque generator, which is the foundation of the configuration of the load device, will be described. The mechanical characteristics of the coupled rotary system shown in FIG. 1 can be shown in FIG. 3 from the viewpoint of torque. This can be mathematically expressed as in the following equation (1).

Tg = J (sw) + Dw + Fsgn (w) -Tl (1)

The meanings of the symbols in FIGS. 3 and (1) are as follows.
It is as follows. Tg is the generated torque generated by the torque generator 1, Tl is the load torque generated by the load torque generator 7 in the load device 6, J is the moment of inertia of the connecting rotary system 5, D is viscous friction accompanying the connecting rotary system. The coefficient, F, is the Coulomb friction coefficient associated with the connected rotating system. Also, w is the angular velocity of the coupled rotary system, s is a differential operator, its reciprocal is an integral operator, and sgn is a sign function that extracts only the sign of a variable. Also, i in FIG. 3 represents a physical quantity associated with the torque generated by the load torque generator. In the present embodiment, in order to simplify the description, the physical quantity i and the load torque Tl are related by the gain Kt.

If all physical quantities on the right side of the equation (1) are available, it is obvious that the torque Tg generated by the torque generator can be calculated according to the equation (1). Load torque T
Since l is generated under the control of the load torque generator 7 in the load device, the value of Tl can be obtained without difficulty through its command value or other relevant physical quantity. Also,
Since the angular velocity w is usually used in the load torque generator in connection with the torque control and the speed control, it can be obtained without any problem. In many cases, the angular acceleration, which is the differential value of the velocity, cannot be directly obtained. In this case, however, the angular acceleration can be obtained by signal processing (approximate differential processing) of the angular velocity.

The problem here is how to obtain the actual values of the moment of inertia, viscous friction coefficient, and Coulomb friction coefficient that govern the mechanical characteristics of the coupled rotating system. In particular, when calculating the instantaneous value of the generated torque Tg, a high precision is required because the moment of inertia acts as a proportional gain of the angular acceleration. After understanding the above basic principles and problems in realizing the basic principles, the operation of the present invention will be described.

The operation of the present invention can be broadly divided into two operations, namely, the identification of the mechanical characteristics of the coupled rotating system, which is the first stage operation, and the measurement of the instantaneous torque using this identification value, which is the second stage operation. Hereinafter, these two operations will be described individually in order to maintain the clarity of the description.

In the identification operation, first, the changeover switch 12 is turned to the mechanical characteristic identifier. As a result, information on the load torque generated by the load torque generator or information on the speed and the like used here is input to the mechanical characteristic identification unit. The role of the mechanical property identification part is the mechanical properties of the connected rotating system (moment of inertia, viscous friction coefficient, Coulomb friction coefficient)
In the identification of unknown parts. Therefore, at the time of identification, since the torque Tg generated by the torque generator 1 is unnecessary, the generation of torque due to this is stopped.

Next, the load torque generator 7 of the load device generates a load torque Tl to drive the coupled rotary system 5. At this time, information such as the load torque and the speed in the load torque generator has been input to the mechanical characteristic identification unit as described above. The relationship at this time is expressed by the following equation (2).

Tl = J (sw) + Dw + Fsgn (w) (2)

In the worst case, at least the speed w and the load torque Tl can be obtained from the mechanical characteristic identification unit 9 without any problem, and the parameters expressing the mechanical characteristics to be identified are J, D, and F at most. There are three. For example, an algorithm for adaptively identifying three parameters J, D, and F using two signals of a speed w and a load torque Tl is implemented in the mechanical characteristic identification unit. Implementation of the algorithm for adaptive identification is described in the literature (Shinchu, "Adaptive Algorithm", Industrial Books,
1990), which can be used. According to the mounting algorithm, the mechanical characteristic identifier can output three parameters identified with high accuracy as an output in response to the input of two signals. The output destination is a torque calculating unit in the torque measuring device as shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows an actual situation when the mechanical characteristics are identified using the information on the load torque and the speed inside the load torque generator 7. This figure shows the state of identification of each of the moment of inertia J, Coulomb friction coefficient F, and viscous friction coefficient D from the top. The horizontal axis is the time axis, and the unit is seconds. Identification starts at time 2 seconds, and at time 3 seconds after 1 second, a stable identification value has already been obtained.

When the operation of the adaptive identification is completed, the signal changeover switch 12 is moved down to the torque calculating section 10 side. As a result, the signal in the load torque generator 7 is
Will be entered. As described above, the mechanical characteristic parameters of the coupled rotating system identified with high accuracy have already been input to the torque calculating unit from the mechanical characteristic identifying unit. Further, when the torque calculation unit completes the reception of the identification value from the mechanical characteristic identification unit, the torque calculation unit sets the calculation algorithm shown in Expression (1) to be executable using the identification value.

When the above preparation is completed, the torque generator 1 whose torque performance is to be tested is driven, and at the same time, the load torque generator 7 in the load device 6 is started. The torque calculating unit calculates the torque by the torque generator to be inspected in real time in response to the reception of the two signals from the load torque generator 7 and externally outputs the calculation result (for example, a recorder,
Display). Since the torque calculation algorithm shown in the equation (1) is extremely simple, it can be executed in real time without any problem using a normal arithmetic element.

In the above embodiment, the torque measuring device 8
The information such as the speed of the connected rotary system used in the above is obtained from the load torque generator 7.
It should be pointed out that a dedicated detector for the torque measuring device may be installed and obtained in the coupled rotating system.

If at least one of angular acceleration, angular velocity, and angle can be obtained, information such as velocity can be generated through signal processing because they have a differential / integral relationship with each other. It should be pointed out.

It is pointed out that after the adaptive identification operation by the mechanical characteristic identification unit is completed and the signal changeover switch 12 is moved down to the torque calculation unit 10 side, the mechanical characteristic identification unit may be removed from the torque measuring device main body. deep.

[0031]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to solve the problems of instantaneous torque measurement caused by the introduction and installation of a mechanical torque measuring device, that is, to solve the problem of mechanical torque. A load device capable of measuring the instantaneous torque of the torque generator without using a measuring device can be realized, and an excellent effect that can sufficiently achieve the object of the present invention can be obtained.

In particular, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the load device includes not only load torque generating means for generating a load torque that can withstand the torque generator but also an instantaneous torque value during rotation generated by the torque generator. Can be integrally provided, so that the torque generated by the torque generator can be measured without installing a new torque measuring device. As a result, it is possible to relieve the problems caused by installing the mechanical torque measuring device between the torque generator and the load device as in the prior art, that is, to easily solve the problems caused by this at once. Become.

In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the torque measuring means, the actual mechanical characteristics of the coupled rotary system formed by coupling the torque generator and the load device are generated by the load torque generating means. With reference to the torque or a physical quantity related to the torque, an effect is obtained that the identification can be accurately performed prior to the torque measurement of the torque generator.
Further, in addition to the use of this practical and precise identification value, it is possible to easily use a practical signal related to the load torque such as the torque generated by the load torque generating means or a physical quantity related thereto, As a result, an effect is obtained that the instantaneous value of the generated torque of the torque generator can be calculated accurately and at high speed.

In particular, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the mechanical characteristic identifying means can be detached from the torque measuring means, and the mechanical characteristic identifying means can be realized by using a personal computer. As a result, an effect is obtained that the mechanical characteristic identification means can be realized at low cost. Further, removing the mechanical property identification means after the identification is completed and the required mechanical properties are obtained has an effect that the ergonomic operability of the load device can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a load device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration inside a torque measuring device of the load device.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of mechanical characteristics of the rotary connection system according to the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of identification of mechanical characteristics of a rotation connection system by a mechanical characteristic identification unit.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional connection rotating system using a mechanical torque measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Torque generator 2 Torque measuring device 3 Load device 4 Connecting rotating system 5 Connecting rotating system 6 Loading device 7 Load torque generator 8 Torque measuring device 9 Mechanical characteristic identification unit 10 Torque calculation unit 11 Detachable connector 12 Changeover switch

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A load device for applying a load to a torque generator, a load torque generating means for generating a load torque that can withstand the torque generator, and a torque instantaneous value during rotation generated by the torque generator. And torque measuring means capable of measuring
A load device characterized by being provided integrally. 2. The torque measuring means according to claim 1, wherein at least a part or all of the mechanical characteristics of a coupled rotary system formed by coupling said torque generator and said load device are determined by a torque generated by said load torque generating means. With reference to a physical quantity related to the torque generator, a mechanical characteristic identifying means for identifying prior to the torque measurement of the torque generator, and a torque generated by the load torque generating means or a physical quantity related thereto and the mechanical property identifying means 2. The load device according to claim 1, further comprising: torque calculating means for calculating a torque generated by the torque generator by using at least the mechanical characteristics of the coupled rotating system identified in advance. 3. The load device according to claim 2, wherein said torque measuring means further comprises a detachable means so that said mechanical characteristic identifying means is detachable from said torque measuring means.