JPH10278525A - Independent suspension for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize the ball joint of a double wishbone type suspension used mainly for a front suspension for large type vehicle such as large type sight seeing buses with sufficient strength and provide an independent suspension for vehicle which can substantially reduce the shock such as joint shock in vertical direction compared with the conventional one by connecting a plurality of links by means of a double column type ball joint in which shock absorbing elastic bodies are built and also provide an independent suspension for vehicles. SOLUTION: In a double wishbone type independent suspension 1 for vehicles, an upper control arm 4, a lower control arm 5, a chassis frame 6 and a shank 8 are connected to each other using a double colum type ball joint 2 in which an elastic body is built, and a forked space section 9a is formed in the upper control arm 4 and the lower control arm 5, and these forked space sections are arranged aligned with each other, and they are penetrated by a shock absorber 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an independent suspension for a vehicle, and more particularly, to an independent suspension for connecting a plurality of links by using a double-ended ball joint having a built-in cushioning elastic body. While minimizing the size of the ball joint of the double wishbone type suspension used mainly for the front suspension of large vehicles such as large sightseeing buses while securing strength, and significantly reducing vertical shocks such as joint shocks compared to the conventional example The present invention relates to an independent suspension for a vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional large-sized vehicles such as sightseeing buses have a vehicle independent suspension in which a plurality of links that can swing vertically are connected, that is, they are basically formed in a triangular shape so that they can swing vertically. The upper control arm is connected to the upper end of the shank and the suspension spring, one end of which is connected to the knuckle and the other end is connected to the vehicle body. In addition, a double wishbone type vehicle independent suspension having a lower control arm connected to the lower end of the shank at the other end is employed.To connect the plurality of links, a tapered roller bearing is mainly used. However, ordinary tapered roller bearings have no built-in cushioning elastic body, Buffering effect is little at the junction of down, cushioning performance, such as joint shock not be said to be good. In addition, tapered roller bearings are expensive and are used in large numbers, which has also increased the cost of vehicles.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 8-40030 discloses a support structure of a suspension arm in an independent suspension device. In this conventional example, a tapered roller bearing having a built-in elastic body is used for an independent suspension. Although it has the effect of absorbing the vertical impact of the vehicle and improving the ride comfort, the structure of the tapered roller bearing is complicated and may be expensive, and in addition to the twisting of the link such as a ball joint and the horizontal surface Since it does not have a function of allowing swinging in the inside, it is functionally equivalent to a conventionally used tapered roller bearing.

As another conventional example, in a type in which a plurality of links are connected by a ball joint, all links are stud type, that is, a free movement in which one side integrated with a ball portion is fitted to one link and the ball portion is fitted. It is a cantilever type in which the sides are connected to other links, respectively. Such a cantilever type ball joint has a small strength, so when it is used for large vehicles, a ball with a considerably large ball portion is used. The use of joints has the disadvantage that not only the cost increases but also the weight of the vehicle increases.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to connect a plurality of vertically swingable links. In the independent vehicle suspension, a ball portion is provided at a central portion, a cushioning elastic body is disposed between the ball portion and a ring for attaching to another member, and rod portions are provided on both sides of the ball portion. A plurality of links are formed by using a doubly supported ball joint in which both sides of the ball portion are connected to other members and the mounting ring is further connected to another member by the rod portion. The connection increases the strength of the ball joint, thereby allowing the use of a smaller ball joint, reducing the weight and cost of the vehicle, and providing vertical cushioning of the vehicle. By increasing the fruit is to greatly reduced compared to joint shock prior art.

Another object is to form an essentially triangular shape which is swingable in the vertical direction, one end of which is connected to the vehicle body and the other end of which is connected to a knuckle, and an upper end which is connected to the upper end of a shank and a suspension spring, respectively. For a vehicle of a double wishbone type having a control arm and a lower control arm which is basically triangularly swingable in the vertical direction, one end of which is connected to the vehicle body and the other end of which is connected to the lower end of the shank. In the independent suspension, using the above-mentioned double-supported ball joint, the upper control arm is connected to the upper end of the vehicle body and the shank, and the lower control arm is connected to the lower end of the vehicle body and the shank. Miniaturization, weight reduction and cost of ball joints used for suspension With reduced is to improve the riding comfort of such large tourist buses by particularly reduced joint shock about 30% by increasing the buffering effect in the vertical direction.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an independent suspension for a vehicle of the double wishbone type, wherein the upper control arm is connected to the upper end of the vehicle body and the shank by using the double-supported ball joint.
The lower control arm is connected to the vehicle body and the lower end of the shank, respectively, and the upper control arm is formed in a forked shape and connected to the vehicle body at a right angle in the horizontal plane, and the upper beam is connected diagonally to the vehicle body in the horizontal plane. To form a right triangle, the lower control arm is also formed in a bifurcated shape and connected to the vehicle body at a right angle in the horizontal plane, and the lower beam is connected diagonally to the vehicle body in the horizontal plane to basically form a right triangle. By forming the upper control arm and the lower control arm at the same position in the vertical direction, and arranging the shock absorber through the forked space of both control arms, the shock absorber is provided as in the related art. Eliminating the need for a special detour structure, etc., for simplification of the mechanism and weight reduction, It is to increase the degree of freedom in designing the independent suspension.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In summary, the present invention (claim 1) is an independent suspension for a vehicle in which a plurality of links that are swingable in the vertical direction are connected to each other. An elastic body for buffering is disposed between the portion and a ring for attachment to another member, and rod portions are formed to extend on both sides of the ball portion, and both sides of the ball portion are connected to other members by the rod portion. The plurality of links are connected using a doubly supported ball joint that is connected and the mounting ring is further connected to another member.

According to the present invention (claim 2), the upper end of a shank and a suspension spring, each of which is basically formed in a triangular shape so as to be able to swing vertically and has one end connected to the vehicle body and the other end connected to a knuckle, respectively. A double wishbone having an upper control arm connected thereto, and a lower control arm formed basically in a triangular shape so as to swing vertically and having one end connected to the vehicle body and the other end connected to the lower end of the shank. In a vehicle independent suspension of the type, a ball portion is provided at a central portion, and a cushioning elastic body is disposed between the ball portion and a ring for attaching to another member, and rod portions are provided on both sides of the ball portion. Using a doubly supported ball joint, which is formed so as to be extended and connected on both sides of the ball portion to another member by the rod portion and the mounting ring is further connected to another member, It is characterized in that the lower end of said body and said shank and said Lower control arm and respectively connected with the upper control arm and the upper end of said body and said shank respectively connected.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an upper end of a shank having a triangular shape which is swingable in a vertical direction and having one end connected to a vehicle body and the other end connected to a knuckle, and a spring for suspension. A double wishbone having an upper control arm connected thereto and a lower control arm formed basically in a triangular shape so as to swing vertically and having one end connected to the vehicle body and the other end connected to the lower end of the shank. In a vehicle independent suspension of the type, a ball portion is provided at a central portion, and a cushioning elastic body is disposed between the ball portion and a ring for attaching to another member, and rod portions are provided on both sides of the ball portion. Using a doubly supported ball joint, which is formed so as to be extended and connected on both sides of the ball portion to another member by the rod portion and the mounting ring is further connected to another member, The upper control arm and the upper end of said body and said shank with respectively connected,
The lower control arm is connected to the lower end of the vehicle body and the shank, respectively, and the upper control arm is formed in a forked shape and connected to the vehicle body at a right angle in a horizontal plane, and the upper beam is connected to the vehicle body. Obliquely connected in a horizontal plane to form a right triangle, the lower control arm is also formed in a bifurcated shape and connected at a right angle to the vehicle body in a horizontal plane, and the lower beam is formed obliquely to the vehicle body in a horizontal plane. The upper control arm and the lower control arm are vertically aligned at the same position in the front-rear direction of the vehicle by connecting the upper control arm and the lower control arm, and a forked space of the upper control arm and the lower control arm is formed. The shock absorber is provided so as to penetrate the portion.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 to 6, an independent suspension 1 for a vehicle according to the present invention is an independent suspension for a vehicle in which a plurality of links that can swing vertically are connected to each other. For example, in the illustrated double wishbone type independent suspension 3, an upper control arm 4 and a lower control arm 5 are provided, and a double-supported ball joint 2 is used. The upper control arm 4 is connected to an upper end 8a of a chassis frame 6 and a shank 8 disposed in the front-rear direction of a vehicle, which is an example of a vehicle body, and the lower control arm 5, the chassis frame 6 and the shank 8 are connected to each other.
And the lower end 8b.

Further, the upper control arm 4 is connected to the forked arm 9 having the forked space 9a and the upper beam 1
The bifurcated arm 9 is formed at right angles to the chassis frame 6 and the upper beam 10 is obliquely connected to the chassis frame 6 to form a basically right triangle. The lower control arm 5 includes a forked arm 11 having a forked space 11a formed therein and a lower beam 12,
The forked arm 11 is connected to the chassis frame 6 at a right angle, and the lower beam 12 is connected to the chassis frame 6 at an angle. The forked arms 9 and 11 are vertically aligned at the same position in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and a shock absorber 14 is provided through both control arms, that is, the forked spaces 9a and 11a of the forked arms 9 and 11. Have been. Since the widths of the forked spaces 9a and 11a are formed sufficiently wider than the maximum diameter of the shock absorber 14, the shock absorber 14 is disposed through these forked spaces without any interference. You can do it.

The bifurcated arm 9 is provided with an end 9b on the chassis frame 6 side, the end portion 9c on the shank 8 side is opened, and the end 9c on the side of the shank 8 is provided with an end 10c of the upper beam 10. A doubly supported ball joint 2 is attached to an end 10b of the upper beam 10 on the chassis frame side. The bifurcated arm 9 is arranged at right angles to the chassis frame 6, and the upper beam 10 is arranged obliquely from the end 9 c of the bifurcated arm 9 toward the rear of the vehicle, and forms a right angle between the chassis frame 6, the bifurcated arm 9 and the upper beam 10. Form a triangle.

The bifurcated arm 9 and the shank 8 are connected to the shank 8 side of the bifurcated arm 9 by mounting the double-supported ball joint 2 mounted on the upper end 8 a of the shank 8. End 9b on chassis frame 6 side
Of the upper beam 10 is attached to the chassis frame 6 via a bracket 15.
Is attached to the chassis frame 6 via the

The bifurcated arm 11 constituting the lower control arm 5 is arranged at the same position in the front-rear direction of the vehicle as the bifurcated arm 9 of the upper control arm 4 and is vertically aligned with the bifurcated spaces 9a and 11a. Are arranged vertically and concentrically, and a doubly supported ball joint 2 attached to an end 11 b is attached to the chassis frame 6 via a bracket 18.

On the other hand, the lower beam 12 has an end 12c on the shank 8 side fixed to the end 11c of the forked arm 11, and is disposed obliquely from the end 11c toward the front of the vehicle. 12b is mounted on the chassis frame 6 via the bracket 19.
The forked arm 11 and the lower beam 1
2 and a chassis frame 6 form a right-angled triangle.

The shank 8 is for connecting the double wishbone suspension 3 and the knuckle 20. A bracket 21 is fixed to a lower end 8b of the suspension 3 and a pin 22 is connected to an end 21a of the bracket via a pin 22. A lower end 14a of the shock absorber 14 is connected, and an upper end 14b of the shock absorber is connected to the vehicle body. A lower end 25a of an air spring 25 is mounted on a mounting seat 8c formed at an upper end of the shank 8 with four bolts 24 via a bracket 23.

The knuckle 20 is integrally formed with an axle 28 for mounting wheels and a tie rod arm 29. The tie rod arm is provided with a ball joint 30.
The tie rod 26 is connected via the.

Next, the double-supported ball joint 2 will be described in detail. The doubly supported ball joint 2 has a ball portion 31a at the center and a cushioning elastic body 33 (for example, oil-resistant synthetic rubber, urethane, etc.) between the ball portion and a ring 32 for attachment to another member. Rubber parts) are provided, and rod parts 31 are formed to extend on both sides of the ball part 31a. Both ends of the ball part 31a are connected to other members by the rod parts, and the mounting ring 32 is further connected to another member. The elastic body 33 is fixed to the outer periphery of the metal housing 34, and a synthetic resin ball receiver 35 is built in between the metal housing 34 and the ball part 31a. 36 and a washer 38, and a dust seal 39 and an O-ring 40 for preventing foreign matter such as dust from entering.
The axial movement of the O-ring 40 and the dust seal 39 is restricted by the flange portion 31b.
The rod portion 31 is formed in a hollow shape with a rectangular cross section, and a hole 31c is formed in the direction perpendicular to the axis so that the shaft portion 41a of the mounting bolt 41 is fitted precisely.

Next, the mounting of the double-supported ball joint 2 will be described. In any of the double-supported ball joints 2, the mounting is performed in the same manner. Screw portion 41b,
41c are formed respectively, and the screw portion 41b is screwed and fixed to the forked arms 9, 11 and the brackets 15, 16, 18, 19, etc., and the shaft portion 4 protruding from each bracket.
1a has a hole 3 in the rod portion 31 of the doubly supported ball joint 2
1c is fitted precisely and the nut 4 is
The screw 4 is screwed to the male screw portion 41c, and is securely fixed to the mating member by screwing.

The present invention is configured as described above,
Hereinafter, the operation will be described. In FIG. 1, when the vehicle runs, an axle 28 and a shank 8 move up and down together with wheels (not shown), and the upper control arm 4 in which each part is rotatably supported by a double-supported ball joint 2. And the lower control arm 5 swings up and down, the shank 8 is allowed to move in parallel with the chassis frame 6, and the air spring 25 expands and contracts up and down to exert a spring effect, thereby providing a cushioning effect. The operation of the double wishbone suspension system is performed smoothly.

In addition to the above, in the vehicle independent suspension 1 of the present invention, the shank 8 and the upper control arm 4 and the lower control arm 5 are provided by the double-supported ball joint 2 having the elastic body 33 therein. Control arm 4 and lower control arm 5
And the chassis frame 6 are rotatably connected to each other, so that the impact from the road surface, for example, joint shock, is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional example in which these are connected by a tapered roller bearing without using an elastic body. A comfortable ride can be obtained.

Further, since the ball joint is of a double-supporting type, the force applied to the ball joint is dispersed on both sides to reduce the stress, so that a large load can be received by the small ball portion 31a. The ball portion 31a can be made considerably smaller than a cantilever type ball joint, and the processing cost can be reduced. Further, while having the same load resistance as the tapered roller bearing, the cost is extremely low, which is very advantageous.

The shock absorber 14 is efficiently disposed through the forked arms 9 of the upper control arm 4 and the forked arms 9a, 11a of the forked arm 11 of the lower control arm 5, so that the shock absorber 14 can be compacted without difficulty. The shock absorber can be attached, and the degree of freedom in designing the attachment of the shock absorber 14 can be increased.

[0025]

According to the present invention, there is provided an independent suspension for a vehicle in which a plurality of links which are swingable in the vertical direction are connected as described above. An elastic body for buffering is provided between the mounting ring and a rod portion extending on both sides of the ball portion, and both sides of the ball portion are connected to other members by the rod portion. Since a plurality of links were connected by using a doubly supported ball joint in which the ring was further connected to another member, it was possible to increase the strength of the ball joint,
Also, as a result, it is possible to use a ball joint of a small ball portion, and it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the vehicle, and it is also possible to enhance the effect of buffering the vehicle in the vertical direction. There is an effect that it can be significantly reduced as compared with the example.

An upper control arm connected to an upper end of a shank and a suspension spring, one end of which is basically triangularly swingable in the vertical direction and one end of which is connected to the vehicle body and the other end of which is connected to a knuckle; An independent suspension for a double wishbone type vehicle, which is basically formed in a triangular shape so as to be able to swing in the direction and has a lower control arm having one end connected to the vehicle body and the other end connected to the lower end of the shank, respectively. Since the upper control arm was connected to the upper end of the vehicle body and the shank using a two-sided ball joint, and the lower control arm was connected to the lower end of the vehicle body and the shank, respectively, the ball joint used in the double wishbone type suspension was used. Size, weight and cost. Rutotomoni, there is an effect that can be vertical buffering effect greatly reduced, especially the joints shock increase by improving the ride comfort, such as a large tourist buses.

Further, in the independent suspension for a double wishbone type vehicle, the upper control arm is connected to the vehicle body and the upper end of the shank by using the double-supported ball joint, respectively. The lower end of the shank is connected to each other, and the upper control arm is formed in a forked shape and connected to the vehicle body at a right angle in the horizontal plane, and the upper beam is connected diagonally to the vehicle body in the horizontal plane to form a right triangle. The lower control arm is also bifurcated and connected to the vehicle body at right angles in the horizontal plane, and the lower beam is connected to the vehicle body diagonally in the horizontal plane to form a basically right triangle, and the upper control arm And the lower control arm at the same vertical position. Since the shock absorber penetrates the forked space of the arm arm, it is possible to eliminate the need for a special detour structure for arranging the shock absorber as in the past, simplifying the mechanism and reducing the weight. In addition, there is an effect that the degree of freedom in designing an independent suspension for a vehicle can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle independent suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the vehicle independent suspension.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a doubly supported ball joint.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a doubly supported ball joint.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the vehicle independent suspension.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a main part of a partial transverse cross section of the vehicle independent suspension.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Independent suspension for vehicles 2 Double-supported ball joint 3 Double wishbone suspension 4 Upper control arm 5 Lower control arm 6 Chassis frame 8 as an example of a car body 8 Shank 8a Upper end 8b Lower end 9 Bifurcated arm 9a Bifurcated space 10 Upper beam 11 Bifurcated arm 11a Forked space part 12 Lower beam 14 Shock absorber 25 Air spring as an example of suspension spring 31 Rod part 31a Ball part 32 Mounting ring 33 Elastic body

Claims (3)

[Claims] An independent suspension for a vehicle comprising a plurality of links vertically swingable connected to each other, wherein the independent suspension for a vehicle has a ball portion at a central portion, and is provided between the ball portion and a ring for attaching to another member. An elastic body for buffering is provided, and rod portions are formed to extend on both sides of the ball portion. Both sides of the ball portion are connected to other members by the rod portions, and the mounting ring is further connected to another member. An independent suspension for a vehicle, wherein the plurality of links are connected using a doubly supported ball joint to be connected. 2. An upper control arm which is basically formed in a triangular shape so as to be swingable in a vertical direction and has one end connected to an upper end of a shank having one end connected to the vehicle body and the other end connected to a knuckle and a suspension spring. In a double wishbone type vehicle independent suspension having a basically triangularly swingable vertical direction, one end of which is provided on the vehicle body and the other end of which is connected to the lower end of the shank, respectively. An elastic body for buffering is disposed between the spherical portion and a ring for attaching to another member, and a rod portion is formed to extend on both sides of the spherical portion. The upper control arm is provided by using a double-supported ball joint in which both sides of the ball portion are connected to another member and the mounting ring is further connected to another member. And a lower end of the lower control arm is connected to a lower end of the vehicle body and the shank, respectively, and an independent suspension for a vehicle of a double wishbone type. 3. An upper control arm which is basically formed in a triangular shape so as to be swingable in a vertical direction, one end of which is connected to an upper end of a shank in which one end is connected to the vehicle body and the other end of which is connected to a knuckle, and a suspension spring. In a double wishbone type vehicle independent suspension having a basically triangularly swingable vertical direction, one end of which is provided on the vehicle body and the other end of which is connected to the lower end of the shank, respectively. An elastic body for buffering is disposed between the spherical portion and a ring for attaching to another member, and a rod portion is formed to extend on both sides of the spherical portion. The upper control arm is provided by using a double-supported ball joint in which both sides of the ball portion are connected to another member and the mounting ring is further connected to another member. And the upper end of the shank is connected to the lower control arm, and the lower end of the shank is connected to the lower control arm. At the same time, the upper beam is connected to the vehicle body at a right angle in the horizontal plane, and the upper beam is obliquely connected to the vehicle body in the horizontal plane to form a right triangle. The lower control arm and the lower control arm are connected at the same position in the front-rear direction of the vehicle in the vertical direction by connecting the lower beam obliquely to the vehicle body in a horizontal plane to form a basically right triangle. And a shock absorber in the forked space between the upper control arm and the lower control arm. Double wishbone vehicle for independent suspension of which is characterized in that by penetrating were provided with.