JPH10277857A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool such as machining center embodied in a column structure including a bed having a high rigidity and high responsiveness at a comparatively low cost without enlarging the structure and weight of the bed and column structure. SOLUTION: For installing a column movement guide mechanism 10, a machine tool of column feed structure is equipped with a bed 1 having partially a mounting part 5 inclined to the horizontal oversurface, at least two column movement guide members installed in parallel with the mounting surface of the guide mechanism 10, and a column 2 which is placed on the column movement guide members and furnished at the bottom surface with a slant approx. the same as the inclined mounting part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool, for example, a machine tool having a bed and column structure for realizing high rigidity and light weight in a machining center or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The structure of a conventional machine tool, for example, a machining center, is mainly composed of a bed, a column provided on a bed, a table mounted on the bed, a spindle head mounted on the column, and the like. I have. In a machine tool, a cutting tool is attached to a spindle head using an ATC device to cut a workpiece. During this cutting process,
The XY-axis table and the spindle head (Z-axis) are controlled to move based on a command from the numerical controller, so that the cutting tool and the workpiece are controlled to the correct positions, and the programmed desired shape is formed on the workpiece. You. By the way, in a cutting process, a cutting tool is pressed against a workpiece to perform processing, and therefore a reaction force acts on a machined member of the machine. Therefore, it is necessary to provide sufficient rigidity to the reaction force. In particular, when high-precision processing is required, a processing member becomes large in order to obtain a structure having sufficient rigidity, and the mechanical device becomes large.

In order to increase the rigidity of the bed, the thickness of the bed is increased, and in order to increase the rigidity of the column, the guide rail span is increased in the case of the column field structure. That is, in a device having a structure in which a column is moved forward and backward, a column width is widened, and in a device having a structure in which a column is moved right and left, a structure in which rigidity is increased by, for example, increasing a depth direction is adopted.

[0004]

However, when the thickness of the bed is increased to increase the rigidity of the bed, the machine becomes heavier and the loading height of the workpiece increases. Further, even when the column rigidity is increased, not only the weight of the column becomes heavy, but also the bed becomes large in order to widen the guide rail span. Further, a driving device for moving the column also needs a high-response high-output driving device, which causes a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased. Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a machine tool such as a machining center having a bed and column structure having high rigidity and high responsiveness without increasing the weight of a bed and a column. Is to do.

[0005]

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention is a side view showing the entire structure of FIG. 1, a structural view showing an inclined movement guide mechanism of FIG. 2, and an inclined movement guide mechanism of FIG. 3 viewed from above. This will be described with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a bed, which is made of a casting having sufficient rigidity so that all shaft guide mechanisms and drive mechanisms can be mounted on the bed 1. The upper surface of the bed 1 has a substantially horizontal upper surface, except for an inclined movement guide mechanism mounting portion 5 which will be described later as a characteristic portion of the present invention. In this embodiment, a Y-axis moving mechanism 4 (a moving guide device and a ball screw (not shown)
A shaft moving mechanism including a shaft driving mechanism including a servomotor, a position detecting device, and the like is attached.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a work table on which a workpiece is mounted, which has the same structure as that of the related art in which a T-shaped slot is provided on the upper surface so that a fixing tool for fixing the workpiece can be mounted.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a column whose bottom has the same inclination as the inclination movement guide mechanism mounting portion 5, and is guided and supported by a shaft movement mechanism described later. In this embodiment, the column serves as an X-axis movement mechanism. I have. The processing head 6 on the front side of the column 2 has a Z
An axis movement guide mechanism is provided, and the processing head 6 is moved vertically (Z-axis direction) by the movement guide mechanisms 6a and 6b.
It is movably supported. The processing head 6 includes a servomotor 13 attached to the column 2 and a position detector 14.
The positioning is controlled in the vertical direction by a drive signal from a control device (not shown). A spindle 8 is attached to the processing head 6, and the processing head 6 is configured to rotate at a high speed by a spindle motor 7 fixed to the processing head 6. However, since the configuration is the same as the conventional configuration, a detailed description will be given. Omitted.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a splash guard erected on the bed 1. Reference numeral 10 denotes a moving guide mechanism according to the present invention.
Is a coolant supply device for supplying a cutting fluid to a processing portion, 12 is an anchor bolt for fixing the main body of the processing machine, and 15 is a leveling adjustment bolt for leveling the bed.

The moving guide mechanism 10 of the present invention is a novel moving guide mechanism which is mounted on the inclined mounting portion 5 of the bed 1 and supports and guides the column 2 in the X-axis direction. Hereinafter, the column 2, the inclined mounting portion 5 of the bed 1, and the movement guide mechanism 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

As is apparent from FIG. 2, the side surface of the column 2 is substantially triangular, and the bottom receiving the moment in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction has an inclined structure, so that the linear guide rail 10b The span can be widened and the structure is mechanically stable. Also, the inclined mounting portion 5 of the bed 2 corresponding to the bottom of the column 2 is provided so as to have the same angle, and can be wider than that of the conventional guide rail, so that the moment in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction The column 2 can be supported and guided against the force.

[0013] Inclined mounting portion 5 provided on bed 1
The front of the machine main body is low and the rear is high, and has a 45-degree inclination with respect to the upper surface of the bed 1. A flat guide mounting surface 10c for mounting the linear guide rail 10b is provided at the forefront of the inclined mounting portion 5, and another linear guide rail 10b is mounted on the rear portion of the inclined mounting portion 5. A surface 10c is provided. These two linear guide rails 10b are mounted with a difference in height between them, and the two linear guide rails 10b are mounted at the oblique sides of a 45-degree right-angled triangle. You can take distance.
This angle need not necessarily be 45 °, and may be set to about 30 ° to 60 ° depending on the size of the machine and the reaction force during cutting.

The two linear guide rails 10b are provided with two movable members 10a per linear guide rail 10b (see FIG. 3), and a total of four movable members 10a are provided at the bottom of the column 2. The column 2 is fixed to the surface 2a and movably supports the column 2 along the linear guide rail 10b in the X-axis direction. The mounting surface 2a at the bottom of the column 2 for mounting the movable member 10a has the same inclination angle as the inclined mounting portion 5, and is screwed to the ball screw nut 2a and the nut 2a at substantially the center of the inclined portion. Is provided with a ball screw 2b, which is connected to a drive motor by a coupling (not shown). The column 2 is guided and supported by the tilting movement guide mechanism 10 by a drive signal from the numerical control device, and is positioned and controlled in the X-axis direction. The processing head 6 of the column 2
On the side (left side in FIG. 1), the movable member 6a and the linear guide rail 6 are provided to movably support the processing head 6.
Although b is provided on a plane, this guide mechanism is not attached in an inclined manner like the inclined movement guide mechanism 10.

FIG. 3 is a view of the bed 1 as viewed from above. The linear guide rail 10b and the movable member 10a are mounted in parallel, the column 2 is mounted on the movable member 10a, and the front surface of the column 2 is mounted. The positional relationship of the linear guide rail 6b, the movable member 6a, and the processing head 6 attached to the movable member 6a is shown. The distance between the two linear guide rails 10b mounted in parallel is the same as the depth dimension of the bed 2 when the bed 2 is mounted without the inclined mounting portion 5, but is doubled when inclined. Recognize.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the bed is provided with a mounting portion which is inclined with respect to the horizontal upper surface of the bed in order to mount the column movement guide mechanism on a part of the bed, and is provided on the inclined mounting surface of the movement guide mechanism. Since it is configured to have two column moving guide members mounted with height and a column mounted on the column moving guide member and having a bottom surface having substantially the same inclination as the inclined mounting portion, the Z-axis or It is possible to stably support the Y-axis moment force, and a highly rigid mechanical structure can be achieved with a smaller bed and column structure. Another advantage is that the installation space for the machine tool can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire configuration showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural view of an inclined movement guide mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view of the tilt movement guide mechanism as viewed from above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 Bed 2 Column 2a Movable member mounting surface 3 Work table 4 Y-axis moving mechanism 4 5 Incline and tilt mounting section 5 6 Processing head 7 Spindle motor 10 Moving guide mechanism 10a Movable member 10b Linear guide rail

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a machine tool having a column feed structure, a bed having a mounting portion inclined with respect to a horizontal upper surface of the bed for mounting a column moving guide mechanism on a part of the bed, and a bed parallel to the moving guide mechanism mounting surface. Bed and column structure for a machine tool, comprising: at least two column moving guide members mounted on the column; and a column mounted on the column moving guide member and having a bottom surface having substantially the same inclination as the inclined mounting portion. A machine tool comprising: