JPH10255857A - Remaining capacity meter for storage battery - Google Patents

Remaining capacity meter for storage battery

Info

Publication number
JPH10255857A
JPH10255857A JP9057478A JP5747897A JPH10255857A JP H10255857 A JPH10255857 A JP H10255857A JP 9057478 A JP9057478 A JP 9057478A JP 5747897 A JP5747897 A JP 5747897A JP H10255857 A JPH10255857 A JP H10255857A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
remaining capacity
storage battery
circuit voltage
estimated
open
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP9057478A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiromasa Higasa
博正 樋笠
Shigenori Matsumura
茂憲 松村
Masaru Omori
勝 大森
Atsushi Fukui
篤 福井
Tetsuya Hayashida
哲也 林田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shikoku Research Institute Inc
Yuasa Corp
Original Assignee
Shikoku Research Institute Inc
Yuasa Corp
Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shikoku Research Institute Inc, Yuasa Corp, Yuasa Battery Corp filed Critical Shikoku Research Institute Inc
Priority to JP9057478A priority Critical patent/JPH10255857A/en
Publication of JPH10255857A publication Critical patent/JPH10255857A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3828Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To minimize an error at the time of estimating the remaining capacity of a storage battery. SOLUTION: The discharging current and terminal voltage of a storage battery 1 are measured by a measuring instrument 5, and the measured data are inputted into a remaining capacity meter body 4 through an A/D converter 6. In the remaining capacity meter body 4, using the inputted measured data, open-circuit estimated voltage is estimated by obtaining a primary regression expression between the discharging current and terminal voltage of the storage battery 1, and the remaining capacity of the storage battery is estimated from a remaining capacity estimation curve which is indicated with a relation between the estimated open-circuit voltage and discharging electric energy. In the case of estimating the estimated open-circuit voltage, if the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated this time is larger than the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated at the previous time, the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated this time is not used, and the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated at the previous time is used. The remaining capacity estimation curve is moved so that the remaining capacity estimation curve may include data, such as the obtained estimated open-circuit voltage.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は蓄電池残存容量計に
係り、特に、電動車両に搭載された蓄電池の残存電力
量、残存電気量、残存走行距離、残存稼働時間などの残
存容量を、車両走行中に推定することが可能な蓄電池残
存容量計に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a storage battery remaining capacity meter, and more particularly, to measuring the remaining capacity of a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle, such as the remaining power, remaining power, remaining mileage, and remaining operating time. The present invention relates to a battery remaining capacity meter that can be estimated during storage.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】電動車両用の蓄電池残存容量計として
は、従来より、放電中または休止中の蓄電池の電圧を一
時的に計り、蓄電池残存容量がどの位であるかを判断す
るものが知られている。これは、主として休止中の開路
電圧を測定して、予め設定された開路電圧と残存容量と
の関係から残存容量を推定するものである。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a storage battery remaining capacity meter for an electric vehicle, there has been known a storage battery remaining capacity meter for temporarily measuring the voltage of a storage battery during discharging or at rest and judging the storage battery remaining capacity. ing. This is mainly to measure the open circuit voltage during pause and estimate the remaining capacity from the relationship between the preset open circuit voltage and the remaining capacity.

【0003】しかし、このように固定的な方法では、そ
の時々の電池の使われ方、電池の状態、周囲温度などに
よる影響が大きく、正確な推定は不可能であった。
However, such a fixed method has a great influence on the usage of the battery at the time, the state of the battery, the ambient temperature, and the like, so that accurate estimation is impossible.

【0004】そこで、以下のようにして蓄電池の残存容
量を推定する方法が同一出願人より提案されている(特
開平5―242915号公報)。 まず、走行開始から一定時間の消費電力量を求め、一
定時間の終了時点近傍での蓄電池の放電電流と端子電圧
との回帰式を求める。 この回帰式から推定開路電圧を求めて推定開路電圧と
消費電力量との回帰式を求める。 次に、これらに続く走行における推定開路電圧及び予
め決められた放電終止時の開路電圧を、上記における
回帰式に当てはめ、それぞれに相当する放電電力量を求
め、その差から残存電力量を求めて蓄電池の残存容量を
推定する。
Accordingly, a method for estimating the remaining capacity of a storage battery as described below has been proposed by the same applicant (JP-A-5-242915). First, the amount of power consumption for a fixed time from the start of traveling is determined, and a regression equation between the discharge current of the storage battery and the terminal voltage near the end of the fixed time is determined. From the regression equation, an estimated open circuit voltage is obtained, and a regression equation between the estimated open circuit voltage and the power consumption is obtained. Next, the estimated open-circuit voltage and the predetermined open-circuit voltage at the end of discharge in the following running are applied to the above-described regression equation, the discharge power amount corresponding to each is obtained, and the remaining power amount is obtained from the difference. Estimate the remaining capacity of the storage battery.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来の技術では、電動車両の使用限界に相当する開路電圧
の値をどのように決定するかが不明確であり、残存容量
の推定に大きな誤差が生じている。すなわち、蓄電池の
放電の増加に伴って、開路電圧は単調に減少して残存容
量も単調な減少傾向を示すのが一般的であるが、走行パ
ターンの相違などによって開路電圧は必ずしも単調には
減少せず、推定誤差を大きくする要因となっている。
However, in the above prior art, it is unclear how to determine the value of the open circuit voltage corresponding to the usage limit of the electric vehicle, and a large error occurs in the estimation of the remaining capacity. Has occurred. In other words, as the discharge of the storage battery increases, the open-circuit voltage generally decreases monotonically, and the remaining capacity also shows a monotonous decreasing trend. However, this is a factor that increases the estimation error.

【0006】本発明の目的は、蓄電池の残存容量を推定
したときに、その推定誤差を小さくすることができる蓄
電池残存容量計を提供することである。
An object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery remaining capacity meter capable of reducing the estimation error when the remaining capacity of the storage battery is estimated.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の蓄電池残存容量計は、電動車両に搭載され
た蓄電池の放電電流と端子電圧を測定する測定手段と、
前記測定手段から測定データを逐一取り込むとともに、
その取り込んだ測定データに基づいて前記蓄電池の放電
電力量を算出する放電電力量算出手段と、前記測定手段
から測定データを逐一取り込むとともに、その取り込ん
だ測定データのうち、現在から過去に遡った一定時間に
取り込んだ最新の測定データを用いて、前記蓄電池の放
電電流と端子電圧との関係式を求め、その関係式から蓄
電池の推定開路電圧を逐一推定する開路電圧推定手段
と、前記開路電圧推定手段で推定開路電圧を逐一推定し
た結果、今回推定の推定開路電圧が前回推定の推定開路
電圧よりも小さい場合は、今回推定の推定開路電圧を、
今回推定の推定開路電圧が前回推定の推定開路電圧より
も大きい場合は、前回推定の推定開路電圧を選択する開
路電圧選択手段と、前記開路電圧選択手段で選択された
推定開路電圧と前記放電電力量算出手段で算出された放
電電力量の最新データを取り込む一方、推定開路電圧と
放電電力量との関係で示され且つ予め設定された残存容
量推定曲線が、取り込んだ前記最新データを含むよう
に、当該残存容量推定曲線を移動させ、その移動後の残
存容量推定曲線に基づいて、前記蓄電池の現在の残存容
量を推定する残存容量推定手段と、を備えたことを特徴
としている。
In order to achieve the above object, a storage battery remaining capacity meter according to the present invention comprises a measuring means for measuring a discharge current and a terminal voltage of a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle;
While taking in measurement data one by one from the measurement means,
A discharge power amount calculating means for calculating a discharge power amount of the storage battery based on the taken measurement data; and a measurement data taken from the measurement means one by one. Open-circuit voltage estimating means for obtaining a relational expression between the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery using the latest measurement data taken in time, and estimating the estimated open-circuit voltage of the storage battery one by one from the relational expression; and As a result of estimating the estimated open circuit voltage by the means one by one, if the estimated open circuit voltage of the current estimation is smaller than the estimated open circuit voltage of the previous estimation, the estimated open circuit voltage of the current estimation is
When the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated this time is larger than the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated last time, the open-circuit voltage selecting means for selecting the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated last time, the estimated open-circuit voltage selected by the open-circuit voltage selecting means and the discharge power While taking in the latest data of the discharge power amount calculated by the amount calculation means, the remaining capacity estimation curve indicated by the relationship between the estimated open-circuit voltage and the discharge power amount and set in advance includes the obtained latest data. And a remaining capacity estimating means for moving the remaining capacity estimation curve and estimating the current remaining capacity of the storage battery based on the remaining capacity estimation curve after the movement.

【0008】上記構成によれば、開路電圧選択手段を設
けたことにより、開路電圧推定手段で逐一推定される推
定開路電圧の値が、万一、前回推定の推定開路電圧の値
よりも大きい場合は、前回推定の推定開路電圧が選択さ
れるようになる。その結果、蓄電池の放電の増加に伴っ
て、推定開路電圧は単調に減少するようになり、残存容
量を単調な減少傾向とすることができる。
According to the above configuration, the provision of the open-circuit voltage selecting means ensures that the value of the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated by the open-circuit voltage estimating means is larger than the value of the previously estimated estimated open-circuit voltage. Means that the estimated open circuit voltage of the previous estimation is selected. As a result, the estimated open circuit voltage monotonically decreases with an increase in the discharge of the storage battery, and the remaining capacity can have a monotonous decreasing tendency.

【0009】また、測定点の数が少ない放電開始時期に
残存容量推定曲線を用いる場合、推定曲線として相応し
くないという不具合を生じることがあるが、残存容量推
定手段において、残存容量推定曲線を上記のように移動
させるようにすれば、このような不具合の発生を回避で
きる。
Further, when the remaining capacity estimation curve is used at the discharge start time when the number of measurement points is small, there may be a problem that the remaining capacity estimation curve is not suitable. Such an inconvenience can be avoided by such a movement.

【0010】なお、前記残存容量推定手段は、前記蓄電
池の放電電流と端子電圧との相関係数を求め、その相関
係数の絶対値が所定値以下になったとき、蓄電池の残存
容量を推定することを停止する機能を有している。
The remaining capacity estimating means obtains a correlation coefficient between the discharge current of the storage battery and the terminal voltage, and estimates the remaining capacity of the storage battery when the absolute value of the correlation coefficient becomes a predetermined value or less. It has a function to stop doing.

【0011】また、前記残存容量推定手段は、放電・充
電の繰り返しに伴う前記残存容量推定曲線の変化より、
前記蓄電池の寿命判定を行う機能も有している。
Further, the remaining capacity estimating means calculates the remaining capacity estimation curve based on a change in the remaining capacity estimation curve accompanying the repetition of discharging / charging.
It also has a function of determining the life of the storage battery.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面に従って説明する。図1は本発明に係る蓄電池残
存容量計の概略構成を示している。図において、1は電
動車両に搭載された蓄電池であり、電動機2に電力を供
給する。その電力供給により電動機2は回転駆動し、そ
の回転駆動力を駆動系3に伝達することにより、電動車
両は走行する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a storage battery remaining capacity meter according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle, which supplies electric power to an electric motor 2. The electric motor 2 is driven to rotate by the electric power supply, and the electric driving vehicle is driven by transmitting the rotation driving force to the drive system 3.

【0013】また、電動車両には残存容量計本体4が搭
載されている。本実施の形態では、残存容量計本体4と
してはパソコンが用いられている。そして、蓄電池1の
放電電流と端子電圧は測定器5により測定され、その測
定データはA/D変換器6を介して残存容量計本体4に
入力される。また同時に、駆動系3の回転部分(例えば
トランスミッションの出力軸)の回転数が検出器7によ
り検出され、その検出結果もA/D変換器6を介して残
存容量計本体4に入力される。なお、駆動系3の回転部
分の代わりに、電動機2の回転数を直接検出し、その検
出結果を残存容量計本体4に入力するように構成しても
良い。
The electric vehicle is equipped with a remaining capacity meter main body 4. In the present embodiment, a personal computer is used as the remaining capacity meter main body 4. Then, the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 are measured by the measuring device 5, and the measurement data is input to the remaining capacity meter main body 4 via the A / D converter 6. At the same time, the number of rotations of the rotating part of the drive system 3 (for example, the output shaft of the transmission) is detected by the detector 7, and the detection result is also input to the remaining capacity meter main body 4 via the A / D converter 6. Note that, instead of the rotating part of the drive system 3, the number of rotations of the electric motor 2 may be directly detected, and the detection result may be input to the remaining capacity meter main body 4.

【0014】A/D変換器6において、測定器5からの
蓄電池1に関する放電電流と端子電圧のアナログデー
タ、並びに検出器7からの駆動系3に関する回転数のア
ナログデータは、それぞれディジタルデータに変換され
る。
In the A / D converter 6, the analog data of the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 from the measuring device 5 and the analog data of the rotation speed of the drive system 3 from the detector 7 are converted into digital data. Is done.

【0015】残存容量計本体4は、ディジタルデータに
変換された、蓄電池1の放電電流と端子電圧並びに駆動
系3の回転数のデータから、蓄電池1の残存容量kWh
や残存容量%、及び電動車両の走行可能距離kmを演算
し、その演算結果を残存容量計本体4に設けられたLC
D画面8に表示する。
The remaining capacity meter main body 4 calculates the remaining capacity kWh of the storage battery 1 from the data of the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 and the rotation speed of the drive system 3 which are converted into digital data.
And the remaining capacity% and the mileage km of the electric vehicle are calculated, and the calculation result is converted to an LC provided in the remaining capacity meter main body 4.
It is displayed on the D screen 8.

【0016】さらに、残存容量kWhや走行可能距離k
mの残存容量に関する残量データは、D/A変換器9を
介して、電動車両に搭載の計器10等に出力表示され
る。また、A/D変換器6を介してディジタルデータと
して残存容量計本体4に入力された、蓄電池1の放電電
流及び端子電圧並びに駆動系3の回転数の測定データ
は、RS−232C11を介して他のパソコン12に出
力される。
Further, the remaining capacity kWh and the possible travel distance k
The remaining amount data relating to the remaining capacity of m is output and displayed via the D / A converter 9 on an instrument 10 or the like mounted on the electric vehicle. The measurement data of the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 and the rotation speed of the drive system 3 input to the remaining capacity meter main body 4 as digital data through the A / D converter 6 are transmitted through the RS-232C11. The data is output to another personal computer 12.

【0017】図2は、残存容量計本体4、及びその周辺
機器であるA/D変換器6、D/A変換器9、RS−2
32C11等の詳細構成を示している。図に示すよう
に、残存容量計本体4には、A/D変換器6、D/A変
換器9、RS−232C11が接続されている。また、
残存容量計本体4の内部には、CPU4A,ROM4
B,RAM4C,I/O4Dが設けられ、I/O4Dに
LCD画面8びスイッチ13が接続されている。また、
残存容量計本体4にはカレンダー14とバックアップ用
のRAM15が接続されている。
FIG. 2 shows the remaining capacity meter main body 4 and its peripheral devices, ie, A / D converter 6, D / A converter 9, and RS-2.
It shows a detailed configuration such as 32C11. As shown in the figure, an A / D converter 6, a D / A converter 9, and an RS-232C11 are connected to the remaining capacity meter main body 4. Also,
CPU 4A, ROM 4
B, a RAM 4C, and an I / O 4D are provided, and an LCD screen 8 and a switch 13 are connected to the I / O 4D. Also,
A calendar 14 and a backup RAM 15 are connected to the remaining capacity meter main body 4.

【0018】次に、上記構成の蓄電池残存容量計の動作
について説明する。車両走行中、蓄電池1の放電電流と
端子電圧は測定器5により測定され、駆動型の回転数は
検出器7により検出されている。そして、放電電流、端
子電圧、回転数のアナログデータはA/D変換器6に入
力されて、ディジタルデータに変換された後に、蓄電池
残存容量計本体4に取り込まれRAM4Cに記憶され
る。
Next, the operation of the storage battery remaining capacity meter having the above configuration will be described. While the vehicle is running, the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 are measured by the measuring device 5, and the rotation speed of the driving type is detected by the detector 7. Then, the analog data of the discharge current, the terminal voltage, and the number of revolutions are input to the A / D converter 6, converted into digital data, taken into the battery remaining capacity meter main body 4, and stored in the RAM 4C.

【0019】蓄電池残存容量計本体4では、逐一取り込
んだ放電電流と端子電圧のデータに基づいて、蓄電池1
の放電電力量を算出する。この算出結果もRAM4Cに
記憶される。
The storage battery remaining capacity meter main body 4 stores the storage battery 1 based on the data of the discharge current and the terminal voltage taken in one by one.
Is calculated. This calculation result is also stored in the RAM 4C.

【0020】また、蓄電池残存容量計本体4では、逐一
取り込んだ放電電流と端子電圧のデータのうちで、現在
から過去に遡った一定時間に取り込んだ最新の測定デー
タを用いて、蓄電池1の放電電流と端子電圧との1次回
帰式を求める。例えば、逐一取り込んだ放電電流と端子
電圧を(○)印でプロットしていくと、図3のような結
果が得られる。図3では、最も右側のプロット点が最新
のデータで、左側へいく程、測定してから時間が経過し
ているデータである。また図3において、プロット点は
7カ所で、右側に最新のデータが新たにプロットされれ
ば、最も左側にプロットされていたデータは切り捨てら
れる。これによって、現在から過去に遡った一定時間に
取り込んだ最新の測定データがプロットされていること
になる。そして、プロットされた結果に基づいて、放電
電流と端子電圧との1次回帰式が式(1)により求めら
れる。
The storage battery remaining capacity meter main body 4 discharges the storage battery 1 by using the latest measurement data taken during a certain period of time from the present to the past among the data of the discharge current and the terminal voltage taken in each time. A first-order regression equation between the current and the terminal voltage is obtained. For example, when the discharge current and the terminal voltage taken in are plotted with (○) marks, the result as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. In FIG. 3, the rightmost plot point is the latest data, and the data elapses from measurement to the left. In FIG. 3, there are seven plot points. If the latest data is newly plotted on the right side, the data plotted on the leftmost side is discarded. As a result, the latest measurement data taken in a certain period of time from the present to the past is plotted. Then, based on the plotted result, a first-order regression equation between the discharge current and the terminal voltage is obtained by equation (1).

【0021】 y=rx+En ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1) ここで、x:放電電流 y:端子電圧 r:回帰係数 En:推定開路電圧 である。Y = rx + En (1) where, x: discharge current y: terminal voltage r: regression coefficient En: estimated open circuit voltage

【0022】上記の式(1)において、推定開路電圧E
nはy切片として求められる。この場合、蓄電池1の放
電の増加に伴って、推定開路電圧Enは単調に減少する
のが一般的である。すなわち、図4のように、前回推定
した推定開路電圧En1よりも、今回推定した推定開路
電圧En2は通常小さくなる。しかし、走行パターンな
どの相違などによって、図5のように、前回推定した推
定開路電圧En1よりも、今回推定した推定開路電圧E
n2が大きくなってしまう場合がある。このような前回
推定した推定開路電圧よりも大きい推定開路電圧を採用
すると、蓄電池1の残存容量を推定したときに、その推
定誤差が大きくなる。
In the above equation (1), the estimated open circuit voltage E
n is obtained as a y-intercept. In this case, the estimated open circuit voltage En generally decreases monotonically with an increase in the discharge of the storage battery 1. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the estimated open circuit voltage En2 estimated this time is usually smaller than the estimated open circuit voltage En1 estimated last time. However, due to differences in running patterns and the like, as shown in FIG. 5, the estimated open circuit voltage E estimated this time is more than the estimated open circuit voltage En1 estimated last time.
There is a case where n2 becomes large. If an estimated open-circuit voltage larger than the previously estimated open-circuit voltage is used, when the remaining capacity of the storage battery 1 is estimated, the estimation error increases.

【0023】そこで、本実施の形態では、今回推定の推
定開路電圧が前回推定の推定開路電圧よりも小さい場合
(図4の場合)は、今回推定の推定開路電圧を採用する
が、今回推定の推定開路電圧が前回推定の推定開路電圧
よりも大きい場合(図5の場合)は、前回推定の推定開
路電圧を採用する選択回路が、残存容量計本体4の内部
に設けられている。
Therefore, in this embodiment, when the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated this time is smaller than the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated last time (case of FIG. 4), the estimated open-circuit voltage estimated this time is used. When the estimated open-circuit voltage is higher than the previously estimated open-circuit voltage (in the case of FIG. 5), a selection circuit that employs the last-estimated estimated open-circuit voltage is provided inside the remaining capacity meter main body 4.

【0024】次に、蓄電池残存容量計本体4の内部で
は、選択された推定開路電圧及びRAM4Cに記憶され
ていた放電電力量の最新データを取り込んで、推定開路
電圧と放電電力量との関係で示され残存容量推定曲線を
求める。残存容量推定曲線の基本的な形状は、図6のよ
うに基準推定曲線として予め設定されている。基準推定
曲線は、2次回帰式で式(2)のように設定されてい
る。
Next, inside the storage battery remaining capacity meter main body 4, the selected estimated open-circuit voltage and the latest data of the discharge power stored in the RAM 4C are fetched, and the relationship between the estimated open-circuit voltage and the discharge power is obtained. The remaining capacity estimation curve shown is determined. The basic shape of the remaining capacity estimation curve is preset as a reference estimation curve as shown in FIG. The reference estimation curve is set by the quadratic regression equation as in equation (2).

【0025】 y=a+bx+cx2 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(2) ここで、 x:放電電力量 y:推定開路電圧 a,b,c:定数 である。Y = a + bx + cx 2 (2) where, x: discharge electric energy y: estimated open circuit voltage a, b, c: constants.

【0026】図3で求めた推定開路電圧と放電電力量と
を(□)印でプロットしていくと、図6のような結果が
得られる。図6では、最も右側のプロット点が最新のデ
ータで、左側へいく程、古いデータである。
When the estimated open-circuit voltage and the amount of discharge power obtained in FIG. 3 are plotted with (□) marks, a result as shown in FIG. 6 is obtained. In FIG. 6, the rightmost plot point is the latest data, and the further to the left, the older the data.

【0027】そして、基準推定曲線は、推定開路電圧と
放電電力量とからプロット点が得られる毎に、それぞれ
のプロット点を通るように移動される。すなわち、図6
において、最も左側のプロット点が得られた場合は、そ
のプロット点を通るよう基準推定曲線が平行移動され
る。なお、平行移動後の推定曲線を修正推定曲線とい
う。さらに、左から2番目のプロット点が得られた場合
は、そのプロット点を通るように前記修正推定曲線が平
行移動される。このような操作をプロット点が得られる
毎に繰り返す。
The reference estimation curve is moved so as to pass through each plot point each time a plot point is obtained from the estimated open circuit voltage and the discharge power amount. That is, FIG.
In, when the leftmost plot point is obtained, the reference estimation curve is translated so as to pass through the plot point. The estimated curve after the parallel movement is referred to as a modified estimated curve. Further, when the second plot point from the left is obtained, the corrected estimated curve is translated so as to pass through the plot point. Such an operation is repeated every time a plot point is obtained.

【0028】図6においては、右側から2番目のプロッ
ト点は前回得られたものであり、最も右側のプロット点
は今回得られたものである。そして、前回得られたプロ
ット点を通る前回修正推定曲線を平行移動して、今回得
られたプロット点を通るようにすれば、今回修正推定曲
線を求めることができる。
In FIG. 6, the second plot point from the right is the one obtained last time, and the rightmost plot point is the one obtained this time. Then, by moving the previously corrected estimated curve passing through the previously obtained plot points in parallel and passing through the currently obtained plot points, the current corrected estimated curve can be obtained.

【0029】ここで、推定曲線の移動について、図7を
用いて詳細に説明する。図7に示すように、まず、前回
修正推定曲線をdxだけx軸方向に平行移動し、次に、
今回得られたプロット点であるA点を通るようにy軸方
向に平行移動する。結果的には、前回修正推定曲線が斜
め方向に平行移動されて、今回修正推定曲線が形成され
たことになる。
Here, the movement of the estimation curve will be described in detail with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, first, the previously corrected estimated curve is translated in the x-axis direction by dx,
The object is translated in the y-axis direction so as to pass through the point A, which is the plot point obtained this time. As a result, the previous correction estimation curve is translated in the oblique direction, and the current correction estimation curve is formed.

【0030】以上のようにして今回修正推定曲線が形成
されると、次に推定開路電圧の下限制限値を決定する。
この下限制限値は、図8及び図9のように蓄電池の放電
電流と端子電圧との相関係数を用いて決定される。蓄電
池の放電電流と端子電圧の多数の測定データを集めてプ
ロットすると、図9のようになる。図9から分かるよう
に、放電電流が比較的小さい範囲(図の左半分側)では
プロット点が密集しており、放電電流と端子電圧とはほ
ぼ直線的な関係にあるが、放電電流が比較的大きい範囲
(図の右半分側)ではプロット点が離散しており、放電
電流と端子電圧とは直線的な関係にはない。
When the current corrected estimated curve is formed as described above, the lower limit value of the estimated open circuit voltage is determined.
This lower limit value is determined using the correlation coefficient between the discharge current of the storage battery and the terminal voltage as shown in FIGS. FIG. 9 is a graph obtained by collecting and plotting a large number of measurement data of the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery. As can be seen from FIG. 9, the plot points are dense in a range where the discharge current is relatively small (left half side of the figure), and the discharge current and the terminal voltage are almost linear. The plot points are discrete in an extremely large range (right half of the figure), and the discharge current and the terminal voltage do not have a linear relationship.

【0031】したがって、放電電流と端子電圧との間の
相関係数を求めると、放電電流が比較的小さい範囲では
相関係数の絶対値はほぼ1となるが、放電電流が増加す
ると相関係数の絶対値は1より小さくなる。そして、相
関係数の絶対値が1より小さくなったときを下限制限値
とし、図8に示したように推定開路電圧の推定を停止す
る。結果的には、相関係数の絶対値が所定値以下となっ
たときに、蓄電池の残存容量の推定を停止することにな
る。
Therefore, when the correlation coefficient between the discharge current and the terminal voltage is obtained, the absolute value of the correlation coefficient becomes substantially 1 in a range where the discharge current is relatively small, but when the discharge current increases, the correlation coefficient becomes larger. Is smaller than 1. Then, when the absolute value of the correlation coefficient becomes smaller than 1, the lower limit value is set, and the estimation of the estimated open circuit voltage is stopped as shown in FIG. As a result, when the absolute value of the correlation coefficient becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value, the estimation of the remaining capacity of the storage battery is stopped.

【0032】そして最後に、図6において、基準推定曲
線が下限制限値と交わるときの放電電力量をx0、今回
修正推定曲線が下限制限値と交わるときの放電電力量を
x1、放電量実測値をx2とすれば、蓄電池1の残存容
量(kWh)、残存容量(%)、走行可能距離(km)
は、それぞれ以下のようにして求められる。
Finally, in FIG. 6, the discharge power amount when the reference estimation curve intersects the lower limit value is x0, the discharge power amount when the current correction estimation curve intersects the lower limit value is x1, and the measured discharge amount is x1. Is x2, the remaining capacity (kWh), the remaining capacity (%), and the possible travel distance (km) of the storage battery 1
Are respectively obtained as follows.

【0033】 残存容量(kWh) =x1−x2 残存容量(%) =100(x1−x2)/x0 走行可能距離(km)=km/kWh・残存容量(kW
h)
Remaining capacity (kWh) = x1-x2 Remaining capacity (%) = 100 (x1-x2) / x0 Travelable distance (km) = km / kWh · Remaining capacity (kW)
h)

【0034】次に、残存容量(kWh)及び残存走行可
能距離(km)の推定例について説明する。図10は残
存容量(kWh)の推定例を、図11はその残存容量の
誤差を示している。この例では、推定誤差の時間平均値
は、kWh総量(4.98kWh)に対し5.8%の結果
が得られている。
Next, an example of estimating the remaining capacity (kWh) and the remaining travelable distance (km) will be described. FIG. 10 shows an example of estimating the remaining capacity (kWh), and FIG. 11 shows an error in the remaining capacity. In this example, the time average value of the estimation error is 5.8% of the total kWh (4.98 kWh).

【0035】図12は残存走行可能距離(km)の推定
例を、図13はその走行可能距離の誤差を示している。
この例では、推定誤差の時間平均値は、km総量(2
9.4km)に対し7.7%の結果が得られている。
FIG. 12 shows an example of estimating the remaining mileage (km), and FIG. 13 shows the error of the mileage.
In this example, the time average value of the estimation error is the total km (2
7.7 km for 9.4 km).

【0036】また、推定曲線の変化から蓄電池1の寿命
を判定することができる。すなわち、図6に示したよう
に、蓄電池1は放電・充電の繰り返しに伴って劣化する
ため、可能放電量(つまり放電電力量x1)は小さくな
るのが一般的である。そこで、例えば充電後で放電開始
前の放電電力量x1の値が、新品時の可能放電量である
放電電力量x0の80%を割り込むようになれば、蓄電
池1に寿命がきたと判定する。
Further, the life of the storage battery 1 can be determined from the change in the estimation curve. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, since the storage battery 1 deteriorates with repetition of discharge and charge, the possible discharge amount (that is, the discharge power amount x1) generally decreases. Therefore, for example, if the value of the discharge power amount x1 after charging and before the start of discharge falls below 80% of the discharge power amount x0 which is a possible discharge amount in a new state, it is determined that the storage battery 1 has reached the end of its life.

【0037】[0037]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
走行中にも蓄電池の残存容量を高精度に推定することが
可能となり、車の路上での立ち往生や車の無理な走行に
よる電池の過放電などを回避することができる。
As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to highly accurately estimate the remaining capacity of the storage battery even during traveling, and it is possible to avoid over-discharging of the battery due to the vehicle getting stuck on the road or the vehicle running unreasonably.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明に係る蓄電池残存容量計の全体構成図で
ある。
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a storage battery remaining capacity meter according to the present invention.

【図2】本発明に係る蓄電池残存容量計の要部構成図で
ある。
FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram of a storage battery remaining capacity meter according to the present invention.

【図3】推定開路電圧の推定方法を説明するための図で
ある。
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating an estimated open circuit voltage.

【図4】推定開路電圧が単調に減少する例を示した図で
ある。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example in which an estimated open circuit voltage monotonically decreases.

【図5】推定開路電圧が増加してしまう例を示した図で
ある。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example in which an estimated open circuit voltage increases.

【図6】残存容量の推定方法を説明するための図であ
る。
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a method of estimating a state of charge.

【図7】推定曲線の移動方法を説明するための図であ
る。
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of moving an estimated curve.

【図8】推定開路電圧と相関係数の変化を示した図であ
る。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in an estimated open circuit voltage and a correlation coefficient.

【図9】放電電流と端子電圧をプロットした例を示した
図である。
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example in which a discharge current and a terminal voltage are plotted.

【図10】残存容量の推定例を示した図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of estimating a remaining capacity.

【図11】残存容量誤差を示した図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a residual capacity error.

【図12】残存走行可能距離の推定例を示した図であ
る。
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of estimating a remaining travelable distance.

【図13】残存走行可能距離誤差を示した図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a remaining travelable distance error.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 蓄電池 2 電動機 3 駆動系 4 残存容量計本体 5 測定器 6 A/D変換器 7 検出器 8 LCD画面 9 A/D変換器 11 RS−232C DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage battery 2 Motor 3 Drive system 4 Residual capacity meter main body 5 Measuring instrument 6 A / D converter 7 Detector 8 LCD screen 9 A / D converter 11 RS-232C

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 福井 篤 大阪府吹田市五月が丘南7番17号101 (72)発明者 林田 哲也 大阪府高槻市南芥川町19番18号3―25 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Atsushi Fukui 7-17-17, Maygaoka Minami, Suita-shi, Osaka (72) Inventor Tetsuya Hayashida 19-18, Minami-Akutagawa-cho, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 3-25

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 電動車両に搭載された蓄電池の放電電流
と端子電圧を測定する測定手段と、 前記測定手段から測定データを逐一取り込むとともに、
その取り込んだ測定データに基づいて前記蓄電池の放電
電力量を算出する放電電力量算出手段と、 前記測定手段から測定データを逐一取り込むとともに、
その取り込んだ測定データのうち、現在から過去に遡っ
た一定時間に取り込んだ最新の測定データを用いて、前
記蓄電池の放電電流と端子電圧との関係式を求め、その
関係式から蓄電池の推定開路電圧を逐一推定する開路電
圧推定手段と、 前記開路電圧推定手段で推定開路電圧を逐一推定した結
果、今回推定の推定開路電圧が前回推定の推定開路電圧
よりも小さい場合は、今回推定の推定開路電圧を、今回
推定の推定開路電圧が前回推定の推定開路電圧よりも大
きい場合は、前回推定の推定開路電圧を選択する開路電
圧選択手段と、 前記開路電圧選択手段で選択された推定開路電圧と前記
放電電力量算出手段で算出された放電電力量の最新デー
タを取り込む一方、推定開路電圧と放電電力量との関係
で示され且つ予め設定された残存容量推定曲線が、取り
込んだ前記最新データを含むように、当該残存容量推定
曲線を移動させ、その移動後の残存容量推定曲線に基づ
いて、前記蓄電池の現在の残存容量を推定する残存容量
推定手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする蓄電池残存容量
計。
A measuring means for measuring a discharge current and a terminal voltage of a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle;
A discharge power amount calculating unit that calculates a discharge power amount of the storage battery based on the taken measurement data, and while taking measurement data one by one from the measurement unit,
Among the acquired measurement data, a relational expression between the discharge current and the terminal voltage of the storage battery is obtained by using the latest measurement data acquired at a certain time retroactively from the present, and the estimated open circuit of the storage battery is obtained from the relational expression. Open-circuit voltage estimating means for estimating the voltage one by one, and as a result of estimating the estimated open-circuit voltage by the open-circuit voltage estimating means one by one, when the estimated open-circuit voltage of the current estimation is smaller than the estimated open-circuit voltage of the previous estimation, When the estimated open-circuit voltage of the current estimation is larger than the estimated open-circuit voltage of the previous estimation, the open-circuit voltage selecting means for selecting the estimated open-circuit voltage of the previous estimation, and the estimated open-circuit voltage selected by the open-circuit voltage selecting means. While the latest data of the discharge power amount calculated by the discharge power amount calculation means is fetched, the remaining capacity estimation indicated by the relationship between the estimated open circuit voltage and the discharge power amount is set in advance. A remaining capacity estimating means for moving the remaining capacity estimation curve so that the curve includes the acquired latest data, and estimating the current remaining capacity of the storage battery based on the remaining capacity estimation curve after the movement; A remaining capacity meter for a storage battery, comprising:
【請求項2】 請求項1記載の蓄電池残存容量計におい
て、 前記残存容量推定手段は、前記蓄電池の放電電流と端子
電圧との相関係数を求め、その相関係数の絶対値が所定
値以下になったとき、蓄電池の残存容量を推定すること
を停止することを特徴とする蓄電池残存容量計。
2. The storage battery remaining capacity meter according to claim 1, wherein the remaining capacity estimation means obtains a correlation coefficient between a discharge current and a terminal voltage of the storage battery, and an absolute value of the correlation coefficient is equal to or less than a predetermined value. A remaining battery capacity meter that stops estimating the remaining capacity of the storage battery when the condition becomes.
【請求項3】 請求項1記載の蓄電池残存容量計におい
て、 前記残存容量推定手段は、放電・充電の繰り返しに伴う
前記残存容量推定曲線の変化より、前記蓄電池の寿命判
定を行うことを特徴とする蓄電池残存容量計。
3. The storage battery remaining capacity meter according to claim 1, wherein said remaining capacity estimating means determines the life of said storage battery based on a change in said remaining capacity estimation curve accompanying repetition of discharging and charging. Battery remaining capacity meter.
JP9057478A 1997-03-12 1997-03-12 Remaining capacity meter for storage battery Pending JPH10255857A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9057478A JPH10255857A (en) 1997-03-12 1997-03-12 Remaining capacity meter for storage battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9057478A JPH10255857A (en) 1997-03-12 1997-03-12 Remaining capacity meter for storage battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10255857A true JPH10255857A (en) 1998-09-25

Family

ID=13056827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9057478A Pending JPH10255857A (en) 1997-03-12 1997-03-12 Remaining capacity meter for storage battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH10255857A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011203260A (en) * 2011-05-12 2011-10-13 Nippon Soken Inc State quantity operation method of battery
KR20190111963A (en) * 2017-02-08 2019-10-02 라이테크 래보러토리즈 엘엘씨 Monitoring system for series connected battery cells

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011203260A (en) * 2011-05-12 2011-10-13 Nippon Soken Inc State quantity operation method of battery
KR20190111963A (en) * 2017-02-08 2019-10-02 라이테크 래보러토리즈 엘엘씨 Monitoring system for series connected battery cells
JP2020506650A (en) * 2017-02-08 2020-02-27 ライテック・ラボラトリーズ・エルエルシー Monitoring system for series-connected battery cells
JP2022089830A (en) * 2017-02-08 2022-06-16 ライテック・ラボラトリーズ・エルエルシー Monitoring system for series-connected battery cells

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