JPH10249473A - Extruding/forging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce material costs and working costs and also to rapidly and surely change dies by improving the degree of freedom of the shape by extruding. SOLUTION: The extruding diameter of a fixing side die 41 is made to be smaller than the same of a moving side die 51, the moving side additional die 52 having the same or smaller extruding diameter as or than the extruding diameter of the fixing side die 41 is provided at the back of the moving side die 51. First, forming by the moving side die 51 is made to progress, thereafter the moving side extruding load is made to be larger or balanced than or with the fixing side extruding load, whereby forming by the fixing side die 41 is made to progress. Also, the fixing side die and the moving side die are held with respective bolsters 24, 25, the fixing side and the moving side bolsters 24, 25 are combined at the time of changing dies, whereby the fixing side die and the moving side die are made to simultaneously change together with bolsters.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an extrusion forging apparatus for simultaneously forming a rod-shaped material from both ends by moving a movable die toward a fixed die.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a long shaft such as a main shaft of a transmission for a vehicle is formed by extrusion forging, extrusion dies are set on fixed and movable bolsters, and both ends of a round bar as a blank material are formed. Is sequentially inserted into the fixed die and the movable die in each step, and the movable die is pressed and moved toward the fixed die, so that the work is divided into several steps and molded simultaneously from both ends. In this case, the fixed die and the movable die of each process are divided into a plurality of dies, and the plurality of dies of each process are divided into a fixed die and a movable die attached to the apparatus body. Bolster. Then, at the time of die exchange, pull out the dies on the fixed side and the movable side of each process one by one from the bolster,
They had been replaced one by one.

[0003] Also, JP-A-8-57532 discloses that
There is described a method in which a green compact is used as a material, and a die is fixed and a pressing member is moved to perform press molding.

[0004]

In the conventional extrusion forging apparatus, if the extrusion diameters of the fixed die and the movable die are not substantially the same, the extrusion load is not balanced, and either side of the work cannot be machined. Therefore, it is necessary to make the extrusion diameters of the fixed side and the movable side substantially the same. Therefore, if you want the work to have different diameters at both ends, after extrusion, it is necessary to cut the end of the small diameter side by machining, which requires a processing allowance, and the material becomes larger, Material and processing costs were high.

In the conventional extrusion forging apparatus, when exchanging the dies, the dies of the divided structures on the fixed side and the movable side in each process are extracted one by one from the bolster attached to the apparatus main body, and each one is exchanged one by one. However, there is a problem that it takes a long time due to a large number of dice, and the operator is forced to work in an unreasonable posture in a narrow place, so that a setting error easily occurs.

Therefore, the degree of freedom of the shape by extrusion is increased, the necessity of machining after extrusion is reduced, the material cost and the processing cost are reduced, and the die exchange can be performed quickly and reliably. That is the challenge.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a fixed die and a movable die are provided opposite to each other on a coaxial line, and both ends of a rod-shaped material are inserted into the fixed die and the movable die to fix the movable die. In the extrusion forging device that extrudes and forges a bar-shaped material by pressing and moving toward the side die, the extrusion diameter of the fixed side die is smaller than the extrusion diameter of the movable side die and fixed to the rear of the movable side die. The object is achieved by providing a movable-side additional die having an extrusion diameter equal to or smaller than the extrusion diameter of the side die.

In the extrusion forging apparatus according to the present invention, the extrusion diameter of the fixed die is made smaller than the extrusion diameter of the movable die, and at the end of the movable die, the extrusion diameter is equal to or smaller than the extrusion diameter of the fixed die. Since the movable side additional extrusion die having a smaller diameter is provided, both ends of the work (rod-shaped material) are inserted into the fixed side die and the movable side die, and the movable side die is pressed toward the fixed side die. At the time of movement, initially the forming resistance is increased by the movable die because the fixed-side deformation resistance is large, but then, when one end of the work reaches the additional extrusion die at the rear end of the movable die, the movable-side main die is used. Since the extrusion load of the extrusion die is added to the extrusion load of the small-diameter additional extrusion guide, the extrusion load on the movable side is larger than the extrusion load on the fixed side. , Or balanced, proceeds molded by the fixed side die. For this reason, the workpiece can be formed by extruding a portion with a fixed die into a portion having a smaller diameter than a portion extruding with a movable die, and the degree of freedom of the shape by the extrusion is increased.

The fixed die and the movable die are
Each of them may have a divided structure including a plurality of dies. Further, the plurality of fixed-side dies and the plurality of movable-side dies may be held by fixed-side and movable-side bolsters, respectively.

[0010] Further, means for connecting the fixed-side bolster and the movable-side bolster can be provided, whereby the fixed-side bolster and the movable-side bolster are connected to each other when the dies are exchanged, and the fixed-side and movable-side dies are bolstered. The dies can be replaced at the same time, and the dies can be changed quickly and reliably.

The extrusion forging apparatus of the present invention is suitable for processing a main shaft of a transmission for a vehicle, for example.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an extrusion forging apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. The extrusion forging device shown in this example is for extruding a main shaft of a transmission for a vehicle, and includes an upset portion 1 on an upstream side in a work flow direction and an extrusion portion 2 on a downstream side. Then, the work is transferred to the upset unit 1 and then transferred from the upset unit 1 to the extruding unit 2, and the extruding unit 2
, A work transfer conveyor 3 for sequentially transferring the work to each station is arranged, and a work supply conveyor 4 for supplying the work to the transfer conveyor 3 is arranged upstream of the work transfer conveyor 3. In addition, a die changer rail 5 through which a die exchanging cart for exchanging the dice of the upset unit 1 is disposed beside the upset unit 1,
A die changer rail 6 through which a die exchanging cart for exchanging the dies of the extruding unit 2 is disposed beside the extruding unit 2.

The main shaft is made of a round bar,
This is chamfered in the upset unit 1 and subjected to upset molding, and is extruded stepwise at four stations of the extruding unit 2. FIG. 2A shows the workpiece 100 at a stage where the chamfering process has been completed. FIG.
(A), 101 and 102 are chamfered portions. FIG. 2B shows the workpiece 100 at the stage when the final process of the extrusion unit has been completed.

The upset unit 1 of the extrusion forging apparatus is
A fixed-side upset bolster mounting portion 11 provided on the front surface of the fixed base 10; an upset ejector cylinder 12 provided on the rear surface of the fixed base 10 corresponding to the fixed-side upset bolster mounting portion 11; At the position facing the bolster mounting portion 11 in front,
And a movable upset head 13 with a built-in cylinder for an upset ejector, which is disposed so as to be able to move forward and backward.
1. A fixed-side upset bolster 14 holding a fixed chamfering die and a split-side fixed-side upset die
At the front end of the movable upset head 13, a movable upset bolster 15 holding a movable chamfering die and a movable side die having a divided structure is attached.

The extruding portion 2 includes a fixed-side extruding bolster mounting portion 21 provided on the front surface of the fixed base 10, and a fixing base 10 corresponding to the fixed-side extruding bolster mounting portion 21.
Fixed side ejector cylinder 22 provided on the rear surface
And a movable-side extrusion head 23 with a built-in cylinder for a movable-side ejector pin, which is disposed in front of the fixed base 10 at a position facing the bolster mounting portion 21 so as to be movable toward and away from the fixed base 10. A fixed-side extrusion bolster 24 holding fixed-side extrusion dies each having a divided structure is attached to the fixed-side extrusion bolster mounting portion 21 at each of the stations of four processes (indicated by in FIG. 1). At the front end of the movable-side extrusion head 23, the movable-side extrusion bolster 2 holding the movable-side extrusion dies, each having a divided structure, at a position on a coaxial line opposed to each of the fixed-side extrusion dies, at each station.
5 is attached.

The work is sequentially supplied to the upset unit 1 via the work supply conveyor 4 and the work transfer conveyor 3. Then, one end of the work supplied to the upset unit 1 is inserted into the fixed upset dies held by the fixed upset bolster 14, and the other end is inserted into the movable upset dies held by the movable upset bolster 15. First, both ends are chamfered by a chamfering die to obtain a workpiece 100 in the state of FIG. Then, the flange 103 (see FIG. 2B) and the like of the work 100 are formed by upsetting with a predetermined pressure (for example, 570t).

Work 100 after the upset process has been completed
Is sent to the extruding unit 2 by the work transfer conveyor 3, and is extruded and forged stepwise at four stations of the extruding unit, and is finally formed into a state shown in FIG.

The extrusion dies on the fixed side and the movable side of the extrusion unit 2 are separate assemblies, as shown in FIG. 3A. Among them, the fixed-side extrusion die assembly 40 includes a fixed-side extrusion die 41 of a long and integral body having four die holes defining the respective extrusion diameters of each station, and two holding dies 43, 44. The movable-side extrusion die assembly 50 is a front-end movable-side extrusion die having four die holes defining the respective extrusion diameters of the stations having a larger extrusion diameter than the fixed-side extrusion die 41. The movable side additional extrusion die 52 of a long one-piece having a die 51 and four die holes in the rear portion defining the respective extrusion diameters of the stations equal to or smaller than the extrusion diameter of the fixed-side extrusion die 41. And five holding dies 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 and 2 for each station.
And spacers 58 and 59.

In each station of the extruding section 2, the work 100 has a fixed-side extruding die assembly 4 at one end.
0, and is supported in contact with the fixed-side ejector pin 26, and the other end is inserted in the movable-side extrusion die assembly 50, and is supported in contact with the movable-side ejector pin 27. Then, the movable extrusion die assembly 50 is pressed and moved toward the fixed extrusion die assembly 40. At this time, since the extrusion diameter of the fixed-side extrusion die 41 is smaller than the extrusion diameter of the movable-side extrusion die 51, the deformation resistance of the fixed-side extrusion die is large at first, and the work 100 is formed exclusively by the movable-side extrusion die 51. Then, when one end of the workpiece 100 formed by the movable-side extrusion die 51 reaches the rear movable-side additional extrusion die 52, the movable-side extrusion load becomes larger than the fixed-side extrusion load, or is balanced. Molding by the fixed-side extrusion die 41 proceeds. In this way, the work 100 has a smaller diameter at the end on the side formed by the fixed-side extrusion die 41 at each station than the diameter at the end formed on the movable-side extrusion die 51 at the end of the final process. But, smaller than the diameter d ₂ of the end diameter d ₁ of the end portion which is molded at the fixed side, as shown in FIG. 2 (b) was molded with the movable side.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the fixed-side extrusion bolster 24 includes a fixed-side extrusion die assembly 40.
And a pair of holding dies 43 and 44 for each station.
And the movable side extrusion bolster 25 is
The movable-side extrusion die 51 of the elongated integrated body constituting the movable-side extrusion die assembly 50, the movable-side additional extrusion die 52 of the elongated integrated body, and five holding dies 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 for each station. Are held together with the spacers 58 and 59 in a connected state. In FIG. 2B, reference numeral 31 denotes a fixed-side extrusion bolster 24.
Is a stopper ring provided at the rear end, and 32 is a stopper plate provided at the front end of the fixed-side extrusion bolster 24. 33 is a movable side extrusion bolster 2
Reference numeral 34 denotes a stopper ring provided at the rear end, and reference numeral 34 denotes a stopper plate provided at the front end of the movable extrusion bolster 25.

The extrusion bolster 24 on the fixed side of the extrusion section 2
The movable side extrusion bolster 25 and the movable side extrusion bolster 25 can be connected to each other by a hydraulic clamp type bolster fastening device 60 at each of the stopper plates 32 and 34.

In the bolster fastening device 60, as shown in FIG. 4, a clamp cylinder 62 is held by a clamp base 61 fixed to the stopper plate 32 of the fixed-side extrusion bolster 24, and a clamper 63 is connected to the clamp cylinder 62. Thus, the clamper 63 can be axially moved by the clamp cylinder 62 from the position of the minimum stroke shown by the dashed line in FIG. 4 to the position of the maximum stroke shown by the solid line, and can be rotated in the direction perpendicular to the axis. The clamped portion 64 provided on the stopper plate 34 of the movable side extrusion bolster 25 is
With a predetermined clamping force.
Combine 4,25. Two bolster fastening devices 60 are provided for each station. When the dies are replaced, the bolster fastening device 60 connects the fixed-side extrusion bolster 24 and the movable-side extrusion bolster 25, and the fixed-side extrusion die assembly 40 and the movable-side extrusion die assembly 50 are simultaneously replaced with the bolsters 24 and 25. Then, the clamp is released and subjected to extrusion molding.

Each of the dies and the bolsters 14 and 15 of the upset unit 1 are also configured such that the fixed-side upset bolster 14 and the movable-side upset bolster 15 can be connected to each other by a bolster fastening device at their respective stopper plate portions. It is. And
When the dies are exchanged, the fixed-side upset bolster 14 and the movable-side upset bolster 15 are also connected by the bolster fastening device, and the dies on the fixed side and the movable side are exchanged simultaneously with the bolsters 14 and 15.

The example of the extrusion forging apparatus for extruding the main shaft of the vehicle transmission has been described above.
The present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to the processing of various long shafts.

According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of the shape by the extrusion molding, reduce the necessity of machining after the extrusion molding, and reduce the material cost and the processing cost. Can be performed quickly and reliably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan layout view of an extrusion forging apparatus according to the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are a diagram illustrating a state of forming a work at an early stage of an extrusion process and a diagram illustrating a state of forming a work at a stage of ending the extrusion process;

FIGS. 3A and 3B are a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a die of an extrusion unit and a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a bolster.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the bolster fastening device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upset part 2 Extrusion part 14 Fixed-side upset bolster 15 Movable-side upset bolster 24 Fixed-side extrusion bolster 25 Movable-side extrusion bolster 40 Fixed-side extrusion die assembly 41 Fixed-side extrusion die 50 Movable-side extrusion die assembly 51 Movable-side extrusion die 52 Movable Side-extrusion dies 24 Fixed-side extrusion bolster 25 Movable-side extrusion bolster 60 Bolster fastening device 100 Work

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B21K 27/00 B21K 27/00 D // B21C 23/03 B21C 23/03

Claims (5)

[Claims] A fixed die and a movable die are provided opposite to each other on a coaxial line, and both ends of a rod-shaped material are inserted into the fixed die and the movable die, and the movable die is directed toward the fixed die. In the extrusion forging apparatus for extruding and forging the rod-shaped material by pressing and moving to form the rod-shaped material into a predetermined size, the extrusion diameter of the fixed side die is made smaller than the extrusion diameter of the movable side die, and the rear side of the movable side die is An extrusion forging device comprising an additional movable die having an extrusion diameter equal to or smaller than the extrusion diameter of the fixed die. 2. The fixed-side die and the movable-side die each have a divided structure including a plurality of dies.
The extrusion forging device as described. 3. The extrusion forging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of fixed-side dies and the plurality of movable-side dies are held by fixed-side and movable-side bolsters, respectively. 4. The extrusion forging apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising means for connecting the fixed bolster and the movable bolster. 5. The extrusion forging device according to claim 1, which is used for machining a main shaft of a transmission for a vehicle.