JPH10239525A - Phase difference plate, and polarizing element using it - Google Patents
Phase difference plate, and polarizing element using itInfo
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- JPH10239525A JPH10239525A JP9044166A JP4416697A JPH10239525A JP H10239525 A JPH10239525 A JP H10239525A JP 9044166 A JP9044166 A JP 9044166A JP 4416697 A JP4416697 A JP 4416697A JP H10239525 A JPH10239525 A JP H10239525A
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- liquid crystal
- phase difference
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Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は光学素子、偏光素
子、光分析装置、光計測装置や光学実験等で、直線偏
光、円偏光、楕円偏光を作り出す際に位相差微調整が容
易で、更に可視光波長域で一様な位相差を発生させる広
帯域波長板として有利な位相差板に関する。The present invention relates to an optical element, a polarizing element, an optical analyzer, an optical measuring device, an optical experiment, and the like, which makes it easy to finely adjust the phase difference when producing linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light. The present invention relates to a retardation plate that is advantageous as a broadband wavelength plate that generates a uniform phase difference in a visible light wavelength region.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】位相差板は、方解石、雲母、水晶などの
無機材料から構成される薄板や固有複屈折性の高いポリ
マーフィルムを延伸処理することにより得られる。この
位相差板の活用例として直線偏光を円偏光に変換する1
/4波長板(以下1/4λ板と略す)や直線偏光の偏光
振動面を90°変換する1/2波長板(以下1/2λ板
と略す)がある。2. Description of the Related Art A retardation plate is obtained by stretching a thin plate made of an inorganic material such as calcite, mica, and quartz or a polymer film having a high intrinsic birefringence. Converting linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light 1
There are a 波長 wavelength plate (hereinafter abbreviated as a λλ plate) and a 波長 wavelength plate (hereinafter abbreviated as a 板 λ plate) that converts a polarization oscillation plane of linearly polarized light by 90 °.
【0003】これらの位相差板は単色光の場合は光線波
長の1/4λまたは1/2λの位相差に調整されるが、
可視光域の光線が混在している合成波である白色光の場
合は、位相差板を構成する材料の位相差の波長分散性か
ら各波長での偏光状態の分布が生じ有色の偏光に変換さ
れる。また、波長板の場合材料の波長分散性から適用さ
れる波長に合わせて調整した位相差板を用意する必要が
あるので、波長ごとの波長板が必要になってくる。つま
り、従来の位相差板では利用する光線波長ごとに波長板
を用意するためコスト高になることや、白色光への適用
が不適である等の問題が生じていた。[0003] In the case of monochromatic light, these retardation plates are adjusted to a phase difference of 1 / 4λ or 1 / 2λ of the light wavelength.
In the case of white light, which is a composite wave in which light rays in the visible light region are mixed, the distribution of the polarization state at each wavelength occurs due to the wavelength dispersion of the phase difference of the material constituting the phase difference plate, and the light is converted into colored polarized light. Is done. Further, in the case of a wavelength plate, it is necessary to prepare a retardation plate adjusted according to the wavelength to be applied from the wavelength dispersibility of the material, so that a wavelength plate for each wavelength is required. That is, in the conventional retardation plate, there are problems that the cost is increased because a wavelength plate is prepared for each light beam wavelength to be used, and that application to white light is unsuitable.
【0004】また、位相差板は複屈折率 nと光線光路
長dの積により定義されるが、方解石、雲母、水晶など
の無機材料から構成される位相差板においてはその厚み
調整が重要であり、固有複屈折性の高いポリマーフィル
ムによる位相差板では、延伸条件を精度良く調整する技
術が重要である。つまり、製造条件を精度良く調整しな
ければ目的の位相差が得られないと言った問題が生じて
いた。A retardation plate is defined by a product of a birefringence n and a light path length d. In a retardation plate made of an inorganic material such as calcite, mica, and quartz, the thickness adjustment is important. In the case of a retardation plate made of a polymer film having a high intrinsic birefringence, a technique for precisely adjusting stretching conditions is important. That is, there has been a problem that a desired phase difference cannot be obtained unless the manufacturing conditions are adjusted with high accuracy.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、可視
光の全ての波長における光学的位相差が、波長によらず
一様な位相差を発生するような波長分散性を有し、更に
位相差の微調整が可能な、広帯域波長板として有用な位
相差板を提供することである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to have a wavelength dispersibility such that an optical phase difference at all wavelengths of visible light generates a uniform phase difference irrespective of wavelength. An object of the present invention is to provide a retardation plate capable of finely adjusting a phase difference and useful as a broadband wavelength plate.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の位相差板は、前
記の解決しようとする課題を達成するために、複屈折率
Δnの波長分散値α(α=Δn(450nm)/Δn
(650nm))の関係がαA<αBであるA及びB液晶
を透明電極及び配向膜を有した基板を用いてホモジニア
ス配向させた液晶セルを積層した位相差素子において、
各液晶セルの位相差Rの関係がRA>RBであり、各液晶
セルの遅相軸が直行する方位に積層しており、波長分散
値αが1より小さいことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the retardation plate of the present invention has a wavelength dispersion value α (α = Δn (450 nm) / Δn) of the birefringence index Δn.
(650 nm)) in a retardation element in which liquid crystal cells in which A and B liquid crystals having a relationship of α A <α B are homogeneously aligned using a substrate having a transparent electrode and an alignment film are stacked.
Relationship between the phase difference R of the liquid crystal cell is R A> R B, is laminated to the orientation slow axis of each liquid crystal cell is orthogonal, and wherein the chromatic dispersion value α is smaller than 1.
【0007】各液晶よりなる液晶セルを接着層面内の位
相差が5nm以下の接着層を介して積層していることを
特徴とする。A liquid crystal cell comprising each liquid crystal is laminated via an adhesive layer having a phase difference of 5 nm or less in the plane of the adhesive layer.
【0008】各液晶よりなる液晶セルを液晶組成物を少
なくとも1種類以上有した接着層を介して積層している
ことを特徴とする。[0008] A liquid crystal cell comprising each liquid crystal is laminated via an adhesive layer having at least one kind of liquid crystal composition.
【0009】位相差Rが(RA−RB)=λ/4に調整さ
れた1/4λ板であることを特徴とする。[0009] Phase difference R is equal to or is (R A -R B) = λ / 4 1 / 4λ plate which is adjusted to.
【0010】位相差Rが(RA−RB)=λ/2に調整さ
れた1/2λ板であることを特徴とする。The present invention is characterized in that the phase difference R is a half λ plate adjusted to (R A -R B ) = λ / 2.
【0011】また、非偏光光の一部分を互いに偏光面が
直交する2つの偏光に分割する部分と、2つの偏光の内
1つの偏光面を変化させて偏光面の変化しない偏光の偏
光面と一致させる変調部を有している偏光素子におい
て、変調部として本発明の位相差板を用いると良い。Also, a portion that divides a part of the unpolarized light into two polarized lights whose polarization planes are orthogonal to each other, and that one of the two polarized lights is changed to match the polarization plane of the polarized light whose polarization plane is not changed. In a polarizing element having a modulating section to be used, it is preferable to use the retardation plate of the present invention as the modulating section.
【0012】また、非偏光光を偏光に変換する単位が、
連続的に加工されたシート状偏光素子であって、前記単
位が、前記非偏光光の一部分を互いに偏光面が直交する
反射光及び透過光に分割する部分と、前記反射光の偏光
面を変化させて透過光の偏光面と一致させる変調部を有
しているシート状偏光素子において、変調部として本発
明の位相差板を用いると良い。A unit for converting unpolarized light into polarized light is:
A sheet-shaped polarizing element that is continuously processed, wherein the unit changes a part of the unpolarized light into reflected light and transmitted light whose polarization planes are orthogonal to each other, and changes a polarization plane of the reflected light. In a sheet-like polarizing element having a modulation section that is made to coincide with the polarization plane of transmitted light, the retardation plate of the present invention may be used as the modulation section.
【0013】また、キューブ型偏光ビームスプリッター
と、該偏光ビームスプリッターの反射光側の出射面に1
/4波長板を挟むように組み合わせて張り合わせられた
光反射板と、反射板と該偏光ビームスプリッターを挟ん
で張り合わせられた少なくとも2つ以上の直角プリズム
からなる偏光素子において、1/4波長板として本発明
の位相差板を用いると良い。[0013] A cube-type polarizing beam splitter and an output surface on the reflected light side of the polarizing beam splitter are provided with a light source.
A 偏光 wavelength plate is used as a 反射 wavelength plate in a light reflecting plate bonded and bonded so as to sandwich a 波長 wavelength plate and at least two or more right angle prisms bonded together with the reflecting plate and the polarizing beam splitter therebetween. It is preferable to use the phase difference plate of the present invention.
【0014】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の位相差板に白色光の直線
偏光が入射すると、複屈折率Δnの波長分散値α(α=
Δn(450nm)/Δn(650nm))の関係がα
A<αBであるA及びB液晶からなる液晶セルの遅相軸が
直行するように積層されているために、波長分散性の小
さいαAの特性を有する液晶材料より生じる光学的位位
相差は、波長分散性の大きいαBの特性を有する液晶材
料により生じる位相差に打ち消される。この時、波長分
散性の大きいαBの特性を有する液晶材料により位相差
が打ち消されるために、短波長で生じる位相差ほど打ち
消される位相差量が大きい。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS When linearly polarized white light is incident on the retardation plate of the present invention, a wavelength dispersion value α (α =
Δn (450 nm) / Δn (650 nm)) is α
Since the liquid crystal cell composed of A and B liquid crystals in which A <α B is laminated so that the slow axes are perpendicular to each other, the optical phase difference generated from the liquid crystal material having the characteristic of α A with small wavelength dispersion is obtained. Is canceled out by the phase difference caused by the liquid crystal material having the property of α B having large wavelength dispersion. At this time, since the phase difference is canceled by the liquid crystal material having the characteristic of α B having a large wavelength dispersion, the phase difference generated at a shorter wavelength has a larger amount of the canceled phase difference.
【0015】また、各液晶から成る液晶セルの位相差の
関係がRA>RBであるため、出射される位相差は短波長
ほど小さな位相差を有する偏光として出射される。つま
り、本発明の位相差板によって、入射する光線波長が短
波長ほど小さな位相差を生じ、入射する光線波長が長波
長ほど大きな位相差を生じる。よって、本発明による位
相差板の波長分散特性は長波長ほど単調増加する傾向を
示し、可視光の全ての波長における光学的位相差が、波
長によらず一様になるような波長分散性を本発明の位相
差板が有するので、白色光として入射した偏光も可視光
域で一様な位相差を生じ白色偏光として得ることができ
る。Further, since the relation of the phase difference of the liquid crystal cell composed of each liquid crystal is such that R A > R B , the emitted phase difference is emitted as polarized light having a smaller phase difference as the wavelength becomes shorter. In other words, the retardation plate of the present invention produces a smaller phase difference as the wavelength of the incident light is shorter, and produces a larger phase difference as the wavelength of the incident light is longer. Therefore, the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the retardation plate according to the present invention tends to monotonously increase as the wavelength becomes longer, and the wavelength dispersion characteristic is such that the optical phase difference at all wavelengths of visible light becomes uniform regardless of the wavelength. Since the retardation plate of the present invention has the same, the polarized light incident as white light also has a uniform phase difference in the visible light region and can be obtained as white polarized light.
【0016】また、本発明の位相差板は各液晶セルのセ
ルギャップを調整することで各セルによる位相差を容易
に調整でき、更にセルに電圧を印可することで、セルに
注入されている液晶がフレデリクス転移を生じセル法線
方位からの複屈折率を電圧調整により制御することがで
きる。つまり、本発明の位相差板はセルギャプ及び印可
電圧によりその位相差を微調整することができる。The phase difference plate of the present invention can be easily adjusted by adjusting the cell gap of each liquid crystal cell, and is injected into the cells by applying a voltage to the cells. The liquid crystal undergoes Freedericksz transition, and the birefringence from the cell normal direction can be controlled by voltage adjustment. That is, the phase difference of the present invention can be finely adjusted by the cell gap and the applied voltage.
【0017】また、本発明の位相差板は波長分散値αの
異なる液晶セルが、各々の位相差の遅相軸を直行した状
態に積層された構造より成る。積層構造はセル同士が接
着性を有していないので接着層を介した構造の3層以上
の層構成が好ましい。The retardation plate of the present invention has a structure in which liquid crystal cells having different wavelength dispersion values α are stacked in a state where the slow axes of the respective retardations are perpendicular to each other. In the laminated structure, since the cells do not have adhesiveness, it is preferable that the laminated structure has a structure of three or more layers via an adhesive layer.
【0018】より詳しく積層される液晶材料の特性状態
を説明すると、波長分散値の小さな液晶材料と波長分散
値の大きな液晶材料を用いたホモジニアス配向セルの各
遅相軸を直行させ積層されている。また、波長分散性の
小さな液晶材料から成るセルの位相差は波長分散性の大
きな液晶材料から成るセルの位相差よりも大きいことが
好ましい。The characteristic state of the liquid crystal materials to be laminated will be described in more detail. The liquid crystal material having a small chromatic dispersion value and the liquid crystal material having a large chromatic dispersion value are laminated so that the slow axes of the homogeneous alignment cells are perpendicular to each other. . Further, it is preferable that the phase difference of a cell made of a liquid crystal material having a small wavelength dispersion is larger than that of a cell made of a liquid crystal material having a large wavelength dispersion.
【0019】波長分散性の小さな液晶材料から成るセル
の位相差が波長分散性の大きな液晶材料から成るセルの
位相差よりも小さい場合は、波長分散性の大きな液晶材
料による位相差を波長分散性の小さな液晶材料による位
相差で打ち消す際に、打ち消される位相差量が小さいた
めに積層構造による位相差板の波長分散値は1より小さ
くならない場合がある。When the phase difference of a cell made of a liquid crystal material having a small wavelength dispersion is smaller than the phase difference of a cell made of a liquid crystal material having a large wavelength dispersion, the phase difference caused by the liquid crystal material having a large wavelength dispersion is converted to the wavelength difference. When the phase difference is canceled by a liquid crystal material having a small thickness, the wavelength dispersion value of the phase difference plate having the laminated structure may not be smaller than 1 because the amount of the canceled phase difference is small.
【0020】各液晶セルは透明導電性材料を有した電極
基板上に配向処理された配向層を有した固体基板に液晶
材料がスペーサーにより一定のセルギャップで狭持され
た構造が好ましく、液晶配列構造はホモジニアス配向が
好ましい。また、液晶のプレティルトは10°以下が好
ましく、更に好ましくは1°以下が良い。Each liquid crystal cell preferably has a structure in which a liquid crystal material is sandwiched by a spacer at a fixed cell gap on a solid substrate having an alignment layer that has been subjected to an alignment treatment on an electrode substrate having a transparent conductive material. The structure preferably has a homogeneous orientation. The pretilt of the liquid crystal is preferably 10 ° or less, more preferably 1 ° or less.
【0021】次に、本発明の位相差板の動作について説
明する。Next, the operation of the phase difference plate of the present invention will be described.
【0022】本発明の位相差板に白色光の直線偏光が入
射すると、複屈折率Δnの波長分散値α(α=Δn(4
50nm)/Δn(650nm))の関係がαA<αBで
あるA及びB複屈折性媒体の遅相軸が直行するように積
層されているために、波長分散性の小さいαAの特性を
有する液晶材料より生じる光学的位位相差は、波長分散
性の大きいαBの特性を有する液晶材料により生じる位
相差に打ち消される。この時、波長分散性の大きいαB
の特性を有する液晶材料により位相差が打ち消されるた
めに、短波長で生じる位相差ほど打ち消される位相差量
が大きい。When linearly polarized white light is incident on the retardation plate of the present invention, the wavelength dispersion value α (α = Δn (4
Since the A and B birefringent media having a relationship of [alpha] A <[alpha] B with respect to [50 nm) / [Delta] n (650 nm)] are laminated so that the slow axes are perpendicular to each other, the characteristic of [alpha] A having a small wavelength dispersion is obtained. The optical phase difference generated by the liquid crystal material having the above is canceled by the phase difference generated by the liquid crystal material having the property of α B having large wavelength dispersion. At this time, α B
Since the phase difference is canceled by the liquid crystal material having the characteristic described above, the phase difference generated at a shorter wavelength has a larger amount of the canceled phase difference.
【0023】また、各液晶材料の位相差(R)の関係が
RA>RBであるため、出射される位相差は短波長ほど小
さな位相差を有する偏光として出射される。つまり、本
発明の位相差板によって、入射する光線波長が短波長ほ
ど小さな位相差を生じ、入射する光線波長が長波長ほど
大きな位相差を生じる。よって、本発明による位相差板
の波長分散特性は長波長ほど単調増加する傾向を示し、
可視光の全ての波長における光学的位相差が、波長によ
らず一様な位相差を有する波長分散性を示し、白色光と
して入射した偏光も可視光域で一様な位相差を生じるた
めに白色偏光として得ることができる。Further, since the relationship of the phase difference (R) of each liquid crystal material is R A > R B , the emitted phase difference is emitted as polarized light having a smaller phase difference as the wavelength becomes shorter. In other words, the retardation plate of the present invention produces a smaller phase difference as the wavelength of the incident light is shorter, and produces a larger phase difference as the wavelength of the incident light is longer. Therefore, the wavelength dispersion characteristics of the retardation plate according to the present invention show a tendency to monotonically increase as the wavelength increases.
Because the optical phase difference at all wavelengths of visible light shows wavelength dispersion with a uniform phase difference regardless of the wavelength, and polarized light incident as white light also produces a uniform phase difference in the visible light range. It can be obtained as white polarized light.
【0024】次に、本発明の位相差板の各構成部の材料
について説明する。Next, the material of each component of the phase difference plate of the present invention will be described.
【0025】位相差板を構成する複屈折性媒体は、低分
子液晶、光硬化型液晶の重合体、低分子液晶と光硬化型
液晶の複合重合体、熱硬化型液晶の重合体、低分子液晶
と熱硬化型液晶の複合重合体、側鎖型高分子液晶、主鎖
型高分子液晶を固体基板で狭持した液晶セルからなる群
から選ばれる波長分散値αの異なる2種類以上の材料よ
りなる積層構造位相差板であり、入射する光束に対して
一様な位相差を与えるもので構成されることが好まし
く、更に、波長分散値αの差が大きいものがより好まし
い。The birefringent medium constituting the retardation plate includes a low-molecular liquid crystal, a polymer of a photo-curable liquid crystal, a composite polymer of a low-molecular liquid crystal and a photo-curable liquid crystal, a polymer of a thermosetting liquid crystal, and a low-molecular liquid crystal. Two or more materials with different wavelength dispersion values α selected from the group consisting of liquid crystal and thermosetting liquid crystal composite polymer, side-chain polymer liquid crystal, and liquid crystal cell sandwiching main-chain polymer liquid crystal between solid substrates It is preferable that the retardation plate has a laminated structure having a uniform phase difference with respect to an incident light beam, and more preferably a difference in wavelength dispersion value α.
【0026】また、液晶を狭持する基板はガラス基板、
プラスチック基板であり、複屈折性を有していない基板
が好ましい。更に好ましくは複屈折性が実用上問題なけ
れば、軽量で加工性に優れ可撓性も有しているプラスチ
ック基板が良い。また、配向層は無機酸化物の斜方蒸着
膜、ポリイミド系高分子膜をラビング処理した配向膜、
光二量化材料と偏光を利用した光配向膜からなる群から
選ばれる配向膜が好ましく、微細加工性が良好な配向膜
がより好ましい。The substrate holding the liquid crystal is a glass substrate,
A substrate that is a plastic substrate and does not have birefringence is preferable. More preferably, if the birefringence does not pose a practical problem, a plastic substrate that is lightweight, has excellent workability, and has flexibility. The orientation layer is an obliquely deposited inorganic oxide film, an orientation film obtained by rubbing a polyimide polymer film,
An alignment film selected from the group consisting of a photodimerization material and a photo-alignment film using polarized light is preferable, and an alignment film having good fine workability is more preferable.
【0027】[0027]
【実施例】次に、実施例に基づき本発明を詳細に説明す
る。但し、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものでは
ない。本発明の位相差板の光学的物性は次の方法により
測定した。 (1)位相差及び遅相軸 オリンパス光学(株)製偏光顕微鏡BH2とベレックコ
ンペンセーターを用い、波長550nmでの光学的位相
差及び遅相軸を測定した。 (2)波長分散値 王子計測機器(株)KOBRAを用いて450nmから7
54nmの波長範囲の光学的位相差を測定した。Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The optical properties of the retardation plate of the present invention were measured by the following methods. (1) Phase difference and slow axis The optical phase difference and the slow axis at a wavelength of 550 nm were measured using a polarizing microscope BH2 manufactured by Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. and a Berek compensator. (2) Wavelength dispersion value Using Oji Scientific Instruments KOBRA from 450 nm to 7
The optical phase difference in the wavelength range of 54 nm was measured.
【0028】(実施例) ITOフィルム基板(住友ヘ゛
―クライト社製FST-1351N)上にポリアミド酸系配向膜(住
友ヘ゛―クライト社製CRD-8441)をフレキソ印刷した後、焼成
後ラビング処理して液晶配向基板を作製した。一対の液
晶配向基板を7.2μのスペーサーとシール剤を介して
ラビング方向が逆平行状態になるように組み合わせ空セ
ルを作製した。セルに液晶(メルク社製ZLI-2293)を注
入し液晶セルを得た。作製した液晶セルの位相差は55
0nmの光線に対し950nmであり、遅相軸がラビン
グ方向に一致し、波長分散値αは1.154であった。(Examples) Flexographic printing of a polyamic acid-based alignment film (CRD-8441, manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.) on an ITO film substrate (FST-1351N, manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.), followed by baking and rubbing treatment Thus, a liquid crystal alignment substrate was produced. An empty cell was fabricated by combining a pair of liquid crystal alignment substrates via a 7.2 μ spacer and a sealant so that the rubbing directions were in an antiparallel state. Liquid crystal (Merck ZLI-2293) was injected into the cell to obtain a liquid crystal cell. The phase difference of the manufactured liquid crystal cell is 55
The wavelength was 950 nm with respect to the light of 0 nm, the slow axis coincided with the rubbing direction, and the chromatic dispersion value α was 1.154.
【0029】ITOフィルム基板(住友ヘ゛―クライト社製FS
T-1351N)上にポリアミド酸系配向膜(住友ヘ゛―クライト社
製CRD-8441)をフレキソ印刷した後、焼成後ラビング処
理して液晶配向基板を作製した。一対の液晶配向基板を
5.2μのスペーサーとシール剤を介してラビング方向
が逆平行状態になるように組み合わせ空セルを作製し
た。セルに液晶(ロディック社製DLC-42111)を注入し
液晶セルを得た。作製した液晶セルの位相差は550n
mの光線に対し675nmであり、遅相軸がラビング方
向に一致し、波長分散値αは1.363であった。ITO film substrate (FS manufactured by Sumitomo Hep-Crite Co., Ltd.)
T-1351N), a polyamic acid-based alignment film (CRD-8441 manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.) was flexographic-printed, baked and then rubbed to prepare a liquid crystal alignment substrate. An empty cell was fabricated by combining a pair of liquid crystal alignment substrates with a 5.2 μ spacer and a sealant so that the rubbing directions were in an antiparallel state. Liquid crystal (DLC-42111 manufactured by Roddick) was injected into the cell to obtain a liquid crystal cell. The phase difference of the manufactured liquid crystal cell is 550n.
m was 675 nm, the slow axis coincided with the rubbing direction, and the chromatic dispersion value α was 1.363.
【0030】作製した液晶セルの遅相軸を互いに直行さ
せて積層貼り合わせした位相差板を作製した。積層液晶
セル位相差板の位相差は550nmの光線に対し275
nmであり、波長分散値αは0.720であった。A retardation plate was prepared by laminating the liquid crystal cells by laminating them with their slow axes perpendicular to each other. The retardation of the laminated liquid crystal cell retarder is 275 for a light of 550 nm.
nm, and the wavelength dispersion value α was 0.720.
【0031】450nmから754nmの波長範囲の光
学的位相差を測定した結果、本発明による積層型液晶セ
ル位相差板から作製した1/2λ板の光学的機能は、4
50nmから650nmの波長範囲において10%以下
の位相差ずれであり、450nmから650nmの波長
範囲において良好な1/2λ機能を示した。As a result of measuring the optical retardation in the wavelength range from 450 nm to 754 nm, the optical function of the 1 / 2λ plate produced from the multilayer liquid crystal cell retarder according to the present invention was 4
The phase difference shift was 10% or less in the wavelength range of 50 nm to 650 nm, and a favorable 1 / 2λ function was exhibited in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 650 nm.
【0032】(比較例) ITOフィルム基板(住友ヘ゛
―クライト社製FST-1351N)上にポリアミド酸系配向膜(住
友ヘ゛―クライト社製CRD-8441)をフレキソ印刷した後、焼成
後ラビング処理して液晶配向基板を作製した。一対の液
晶配向基板を2.1μのスペーサーとシール剤を介して
ラビング方向が逆平行状態になるように組み合わせ空セ
ルを作製した。セルに液晶(メルク社製ZLI-2293)を注
入し液晶セルを得た。作製した液晶セルの位相差は55
0nmの光線に対し275nmであり、遅相軸がラビン
グ方向に一致し、波長分散値αは1.154であった。(Comparative Example) A polyamic acid-based alignment film (CRD-8441, manufactured by Sumitomo Polycrite Co., Ltd.) was flexographic-printed on an ITO film substrate (FST-1351N, manufactured by Sumitomo Polycrite Co., Ltd.), followed by rubbing after firing. Thus, a liquid crystal alignment substrate was produced. An empty cell was fabricated by combining a pair of liquid crystal alignment substrates via a 2.1 μ spacer and a sealant so that the rubbing directions were in an antiparallel state. Liquid crystal (Merck ZLI-2293) was injected into the cell to obtain a liquid crystal cell. The phase difference of the manufactured liquid crystal cell is 55
The wavelength was 275 nm with respect to a light beam of 0 nm, the slow axis coincided with the rubbing direction, and the chromatic dispersion value α was 1.154.
【0033】450nmから754nmの波長範囲の光
学的位相差を測定した結果、単相液晶セルの位相差板か
ら作製した1/2λ板の光学的機能は、450nmから
650nmの波長範囲において33%の位相差ずれであ
り、1/2λ機能が大きく低下した。As a result of measuring the optical retardation in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 754 nm, the optical function of the 1 / 2λ plate produced from the retardation plate of the single-phase liquid crystal cell was 33% in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 650 nm. This was a phase difference shift, and the 1 / 2λ function was greatly reduced.
【0034】[0034]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の位相差板
を用いることにより、可視光域の全ての波長における光
学的位相差が光線波長によらずほぼ一様になるため、白
色偏光を容易に得られるばかりでなく、波長板を得る際
に適用光線波長ごとの波長板も必要にはならず、一枚の
波長板で全波長域に適用できる利点を備えた位相差板を
提供できる。また、液晶のフレデリクス転移を利用した
電界による複屈折制御も可能であり、位相差の微調整が
容易な位相差板が提供できる。本発明の位相差板は上記
の特徴を活かして、偏光を必要とする各種表示素子、特
に液晶表示素子、光スイッチ、光学フィルターや、それ
を構成要素とする各種光学測定機器など、広範囲の応用
が可能である。As described above, by using the retardation plate of the present invention, the optical phase difference at all wavelengths in the visible light range becomes almost uniform irrespective of the light wavelength. In addition to being easily obtained, a wave plate for each applied light wavelength is not required when a wave plate is obtained, and a retardation plate having an advantage that one wave plate can be applied to the entire wavelength range can be provided. . In addition, birefringence can be controlled by an electric field utilizing the Freedericksz transition of liquid crystal, and a phase difference plate that allows easy fine adjustment of the phase difference can be provided. The retardation plate of the present invention takes advantage of the above-mentioned characteristics, and can be applied to a wide range of applications such as various display elements requiring polarization, particularly liquid crystal display elements, optical switches, optical filters, and various optical measuring instruments including the same. Is possible.
【図1】 可視光域における位相差板の波長分散特性FIG. 1 Wavelength dispersion characteristics of a retardation plate in the visible light region
【図2】 本発明の位相差板により作製した1/2波長
板の可視光域における位相差特性FIG. 2 shows a retardation characteristic in a visible light region of a half-wave plate produced by the retardation plate of the present invention.
Claims (8)
(450nm)/Δn(650nm))の関係がαA<
αBであるA及びB液晶を透明電極及び配向膜を有した
基板を用いてホモジニアス配向させた液晶セルを積層し
た位相差素子において、各液晶セルの位相差Rの関係が
RA>RBであり、各液晶セルの遅相軸が直行する方位に
積層しており、波長分散値αが1より小さいことを特徴
とする位相差板。1. A wavelength dispersion value α (α = Δn) of a birefringence index Δn.
(450 nm) / Δn (650 nm)) is α A <
In the phase difference element formed by laminating a liquid crystal cell aligned homogeneously with a substrate having an A and B liquid crystal transparent electrode and an alignment film is alpha B, the relationship of the phase difference R of the liquid crystal cell R A> R B Wherein the retardation plate is stacked in a direction in which the slow axis of each liquid crystal cell is orthogonal, and has a wavelength dispersion value α smaller than 1.
位相差が5nm以下の接着層を介して積層していること
を特徴とする請求項1記載の位相差板。2. The retardation plate according to claim 1, wherein liquid crystal cells made of the respective liquid crystals are laminated via an adhesive layer having a retardation in the plane of the adhesive layer of 5 nm or less.
少なくとも1種類以上有した接着層を介して積層してい
ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の位相差板。3. The retardation plate according to claim 1, wherein liquid crystal cells made of each liquid crystal are laminated via an adhesive layer having at least one type of liquid crystal composition.
された1/4λ板であることを特徴とする請求項1、2
または3記載の位相差板。4. The method of claim, wherein the phase difference R is (R A -R B) = λ / 4 1 / 4λ plate which is adjusted to 1,2
Or the phase difference plate of 3.
された1/2λ板であることを特徴とする請求項1、2
または3記載の位相差板。5. A half -lambda plate whose phase difference R is adjusted to (R A -R B ) = λ / 2.
Or the phase difference plate of 3.
する2つの偏光に分割する部分と、2つの偏光の内1つ
の偏光面を変化させて偏光面の変化しない偏光の偏光面
と一致させる変調部を有している偏光素子において、変
調部として請求項5記載の位相差板を有していることを
特徴とする偏光素子。6. A part that divides a part of the unpolarized light into two polarized lights whose polarization planes are orthogonal to each other, and matches a polarization plane of a polarized light whose polarization plane is not changed by changing one of the two polarization planes. A polarizing element having a modulating section for causing the phase difference plate according to claim 5 as a modulating section.
的に加工されたシート状偏光素子であって、前記単位
が、前記非偏光光の一部分を互いに偏光面が直交する反
射光及び透過光に分割する部分と、前記反射光の偏光面
を変化させて透過光の偏光面と一致させる変調部を有し
ているシート状偏光素子において、変調部として請求項
5記載の位相差板を有していることを特徴とするシート
状偏光素子。7. A unit for converting non-polarized light into polarized light, wherein the unit is a continuously processed sheet-like polarizing element, and the unit is configured to reflect a part of the non-polarized light as reflected light whose polarization plane is orthogonal to each other. 6. The retardation plate according to claim 5, wherein the retardation plate is a modulator in a sheet-shaped polarizing element having a portion that divides the transmitted light and a modulator that changes the polarization plane of the reflected light to match the polarization plane of the transmitted light. A sheet-like polarizing element comprising:
該偏光ビームスプリッターの反射光側の出射面に1/4
波長板を挟むように組み合わせて張り合わせられた光反
射板と、反射板と該偏光ビームスプリッターを挟んで張
り合わせられた少なくとも2つ以上の直角プリズムから
なる偏光素子において、1/4波長板として請求項4記
載の位相差板を有していることを特徴とする偏光素子。8. A cube-type polarizing beam splitter,
The output surface on the reflected light side of the polarizing beam splitter is 1/4
Claims: In a polarizing element comprising a light reflecting plate bonded together so as to sandwich a wavelength plate, and at least two or more right-angle prisms bonded together across a reflecting plate and the polarizing beam splitter, a 1/4 wavelength plate is claimed. A polarizing element comprising the retardation plate according to 4.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9044166A JPH10239525A (en) | 1997-02-27 | 1997-02-27 | Phase difference plate, and polarizing element using it |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9044166A JPH10239525A (en) | 1997-02-27 | 1997-02-27 | Phase difference plate, and polarizing element using it |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH10239525A true JPH10239525A (en) | 1998-09-11 |
Family
ID=12684016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP9044166A Pending JPH10239525A (en) | 1997-02-27 | 1997-02-27 | Phase difference plate, and polarizing element using it |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JPH10239525A (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03126910A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-05-30 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Polarization light source device and polarization beam splitter |
JPH0545520A (en) * | 1991-08-14 | 1993-02-23 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
JPH07225379A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-22 | Nec Corp | Projection type liquid crystal display device |
-
1997
- 1997-02-27 JP JP9044166A patent/JPH10239525A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03126910A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-05-30 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Polarization light source device and polarization beam splitter |
JPH0545520A (en) * | 1991-08-14 | 1993-02-23 | Nitto Denko Corp | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
JPH07225379A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-22 | Nec Corp | Projection type liquid crystal display device |
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