JPH10236045A - Printed matter for anti-forgery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a printed matter for anti-forgery with which a copied article with clear difference from a manuscript can be always obtd. by copying at any resolution. SOLUTION: A first region 4a where a first pattern 2a consisting of a number of fine elements is formed and a second region 4b where a second pattern 2b consisting of a number of fine elements with different dimension from the fine elements of the first pattern 2a is formed are provided and in the first region 4a and the second region 4b, a copy image constituted by bringing their boundaries into contact with each other and a moire pattern wherein a plurality of polygons or circles or ellipses with each center to be the same are arranged without overlapping are applied.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a printed material using a technology for preventing forgery by a color copier or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, digital color copiers have become widespread, and the performance thereof has been remarkably improved. As a result, counterfeiting of cash vouchers and the like that required special techniques has been made simple and elaborate. Therefore, along with improvement in the performance of the color copying machine, printed matter provided with various means for preventing forgery has been proposed.

[0003] If a difference between the original and the copy is clarified by exposing a pattern or the like that is not present in the original by copying, it is possible to easily find the copy. For example, there is an anti-counterfeit printed matter printed with a pattern of a plurality of concentric circles that do not overlap each other as a background. When this anti-counterfeiting printed matter is copied as a document, moiré occurs in a portion of the copied matter where the pattern is formed. Of course, since the moiré is not present in the manuscript, it can be confirmed at a glance that it is a copy.

[0004]

The resolution of copying differs not only with the type of copying machine but also with the same copying machine. The resolution can be adjusted according to the type of the original (map, character, photograph, etc.). The resolution range is wide, such as increasing the resolution in order to obtain a fine copy, and lowering the resolution in order to obtain an easy-to-view copy for a document with a rough screen. In a conventional forgery-prevention print, the range of resolution at which moiré can be generated in a copy is narrow, so that it is not possible to cope with the above-described various-resolution copy, and there is a case where moire does not occur in the copy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a forgery-preventive printed material which reliably changes the copied material and clarifies the difference from the original even if the image is copied at any resolution. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forgery-preventing printed matter, comprising: a first region in which a first pattern including a large number of fine elements is formed; A second region in which a second pattern formed of a number of fine elements having different sizes from the fine elements of the pattern is formed, and the first region and the second region are in contact with each other. A copy image and a moiré pattern in which a plurality of polygons, circles, or ellipses each having the same center are arranged without overlapping are applied.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to the first aspect, wherein the fine elements of the first pattern and the fine elements of the second pattern are formed of a point-to-point or a point-to-line. Or either a line or a line.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to the first aspect, in the moiré pattern, an interval between adjacent polygons, circles, or ellipses gradually increases from the center toward the outside. It has been enlarged or reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to any one of the first to third aspects, in the moiré pattern, the line width of a polygon, a circle, or an ellipse is proportional to the distance from the center. It is gradually enlarged or reduced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to the first aspect, in the copy image, an area occupied by the fine elements of the first pattern and the fine elements of the second pattern is inclined. It is changing in shape or stepwise.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to the first or fifth aspect, in the copy image, the fine elements of the first pattern and the second pattern per unit area are used. The area occupied by the fine elements is almost the same at any point.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the copy image, the moiré pattern, the pattern other than the copy image and the moiré pattern are included. At least one of the colors distributed on the chromaticity coordinates outside the color reproduction area of the toner is used.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of a forgery-prevented printed matter according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forgery-prevention printed matter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The commuter pass 1 is provided at its center with a circular portion 1a on which a copy image described later is printed, and a moire pattern described later is printed on the entire surface 1b other than the circular portion 1a. With the copy image and the moiré pattern as a background, characters 1c such as a use section, a name, and a use expiration date are printed thereon.

In the present embodiment, the forgery-prevention printed matter according to the present invention is applied to a commuter pass. However, it may be used for other securities, such as securities, which may cause inconvenience when forged. Also,
Although not specifically shown and described below, these commuter passes and securities are often provided with a copy-forgery-inhibited pattern such as a company logo or a mark, and the copy image may be provided avoiding the copy-forgery-inhibited pattern. And may be used.

The copy image of this embodiment will be described. The copy image is composed of two halftone dots, a first halftone dot and a second halftone dot. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing only a portion where a copy image 2 is formed (a circular portion 1a in FIG. 1) in the commuter pass 1 according to the present embodiment. The first halftone dot 2a is provided in the portion 4a in which the character "NO" is formed, and the second halftone dot 2b is provided in the other portion 4b. Here, the character "NO" is used as the portion where the first halftone dot 2a is provided, but the shape of other warning phrases and marks is not particularly limited, and the copy image of this embodiment will be described later. It is only necessary to combine the two halftone dots and visually determine the area in which each halftone dot is formed.

A halftone dot is a pattern in which fine elements consisting of many points are regularly arranged. The points forming the first halftone dots 2a are line densities 150 to 20 having different directions from each other.
In a large number of frames formed by intersecting two line groups of 0 lines / inch, they are arranged so as to be located at the center of each frame. The sizes of these points occupy a predetermined area ratio (about 10 to 30%) in each frame.

Further, the points forming the second halftone dots 2b have line densities of 50 to 80 lines / inch having directions different from each other.
Are arranged so as to be located at the center of each of a large number of frames formed by intersecting the two line groups. The size of each of these points occupies almost the same area ratio as that of the first embodiment in each frame.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a part of each of the first halftone dot 2a and the second halftone dot 2b, respectively. (I)
Indicates a first halftone dot 2a, and (b) indicates a second halftone dot 2b, both having the same area (unit area). In this embodiment, the sum of the area of each point forming the first halftone dot 2a shown in (a) and the area of each point forming the second halftone dot 2b shown in (b) It is almost equal to the sum.

As described above, although the size of each of the first halftone dot 2a and the second halftone dot 2b is different, each point is fine and the area occupied by the point per unit area is almost equal. Since they are the same, they can hardly be distinguished visually, and the character “NO” cannot be confirmed.

However, depending on the color used for each halftone dot, the halftone dot having the larger dot (in this embodiment, the second halftone dot 2b)
May be noticeable. In this case, for example, if the first halftone dot 2a is based on a line group having a line density of 175 lines / inch and the second halftone dot 2b is based on a line group having a line density of 65 lines / inch, The area ratio occupied by points in the area may be slightly different from each other, such as 30% for the first halftone dot 2a and 25% for the second halftone dot 2b. In FIG. 2, the size difference between the first halftone dot 2a and the second halftone dot 2b is markedly shown so that the first halftone dot 2a and the second halftone dot 2b can be distinguished from each other.
Are surrounded by a dotted line, but these points are originally very fine, and the dotted line is not provided.

When the copy image 2 is copied, if the resolution of the copy is relatively high, the copying machine operates as the first halftone dot 2a.
Difference between the first halftone dot 2a and the second halftone dot 2b.
And the second halftone dot 2b in a different state. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the copied copy image 2 of FIG. The second halftone dot 2b is clearly reproduced and has a dark color as a whole, while the first halftone dot 2a is reproduced as a finer and thinner dot than the second halftone dot 2b. Accordingly, the character "NO" appears white in the portion where the copy image 2 is formed in the copy, and thus the copy is clearly different from the original.

The two types of halftone dots constituting the copy image 2 of the present embodiment are both formed by circular points, but need not be limited thereto. The two halftone dots used here cannot be distinguished from each other in the document, and it is sufficient if the difference clearly appears in the copy.

For example, the dots forming the halftone dots may be of a complicated shape composed of a plurality of unit fines. In that case, one dot forming point has a shape in which the unit fine particles are relatively in contact with each other, and the other dot forming point has a shape in which the unit fine particles are relatively separated from each other. I do. In either halftone dot, the same number of unit microparticles are used to construct one dot, and the area ratio occupied by the point per unit area is almost the same. Objects are reproduced in different states.

In this embodiment, copy image 2
Is composed of two halftone dots, but in addition, the copy image 2 may be composed of halftone dots and lines, or lines. In this case, by making the area ratio occupied by points and lines or unit lines per unit area substantially equal, the original
The two patterns cannot be distinguished, but can be reproduced differently on the copy.

Next, the moiré pattern 3 will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing only the moiré pattern 3 in the commuter pass 1 of the present embodiment. The moiré pattern 3 is made up of a plurality of concentric circles, and the circles are arranged at regular intervals from adjacent circles without overlapping each other.

When the moiré pattern 3 is copied, in the case of a copy having a relatively low resolution, moiré appears in the moiré pattern 3 portion of the copy regardless of the scanning direction of the copy. At this time, the radial linear density of the concentric circle is about 30 to 130 lines.
When set to / inch, moiré is likely to occur, especially 40 to 8
When set to 5 lines / inch, a remarkable effect is exerted on a copying machine having a resolution of 400 dpi. In the present embodiment, the moiré pattern 3 is formed as a concentric circle. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and moiré can be generated in a copy even with a plurality of polygons or ellipses arranged at the same center so as not to overlap each other. .

In this embodiment, at least the commuter pass 1
For example, a color distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates is used for a part of the image, for example, the copy image 2 or the moiré pattern 3 or a pattern provided in the other. The colors distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates will be described. FIG. 5 shows chromaticity coordinates. Both the x-axis and the y-axis represent hues, and points on the coordinates indicate the color represented by the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) at that position. A in a bold line frame indicates a color that can be recognized by a human as an area.

There is a limit to the colors that can be reproduced by the three primary color toners of the color copier and the colors that can be reproduced by the printing ink. The number of colors that can be reproduced by toner is smaller than the number of colors that can be reproduced by printing ink, and when shown as an area on chromaticity coordinates, the color reproduction area of toner is higher than the color reproduction area of printing ink. It becomes narrow. Therefore, there are colors that are included in the color reproduction region of the printing ink but not included in the color reproduction region of the toner.

For example, in FIG. 5, B is a light green color reproducible with printing ink, and C is a light green color distribution reproducible with toner. As shown in the figure, the color B reproducible with the printing ink is different from the color distribution C reproducible with the toner. That is, since the color B reproducible with the printing ink is a color distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner, it cannot be reproduced with the toner. Therefore, when a printed matter using the color B reproducible with the above printing ink is copied as an original, that portion is reproduced as light blue completely different from the light green color, and a clear difference from the original occurs. .

As described above, in the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment, in the case of a copy having a relatively high resolution, the character "NO" appears in the copy image 2 forming portion of the copy, and the copy having a relatively low resolution is obtained. In this case, moire occurs at the moire pattern 3 in the copy. Therefore, the difference between the manuscript and the copy is clear, and the copy can be found instantaneously. Further, since a color outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates is used for the original, a color that does not exist in the original appears on the copy. It is possible to obtain a copy at first glance that it can be determined that the original is different from the original even if the original is copied at an appropriate resolution.

Next, a forgery-prevented printed matter according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The anti-counterfeit printed matter of the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the anti-counterfeit printed matter of the first embodiment, and the commuter pass has a circular portion on which a copy image is printed at the center as a background portion. And a moire pattern described later is printed on the entire surface other than the circular portion (see FIG. 1).

The copy image of this embodiment will be described. The copy image is composed of two lines, a first line and a second line. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating only a portion where the copy image 12 is formed in the commuter pass 11 according to the present embodiment. The first line 12a having a line density of 175 lines / inch is provided in the portion 14a in which the character "NO" is shaped, and the line density 65 is provided in the other portion 14b.
A second line 12b of lines / inch is provided.

Although the first line 12a and the second line 12b have different line widths and line intervals, each line is very thin and has a line width per unit area as in the first embodiment. It occupies almost the same area. Therefore, these cannot be distinguished visually, and the character "NO" cannot be confirmed. In FIG. 6, the first line 12a and the second line 1
2b, the difference between the thicknesses of the respective lines is markedly shown, and the formation portion 14a of the first line 12a is surrounded by a dotted line, but these lines are originally very thin, and the dotted line Is not provided.

When the copy image 2 is copied, if the resolution of the copy is relatively high, the copying machine
The difference between a and the second line 12b can be recognized, and an attempt is made to make the first line 12a and the second line 12b appear on the copy in different states. The second line 12b is clearly reproduced and has a dark color as a whole.
"a" is reproduced as a thin line thinner than the second line 12b. Therefore, the character "NO" appears white in the portion where the copy image 2 is formed in the copy (see FIG. 3), which is clearly different from the original.

In this embodiment, copy image 1
Although 2 is composed of two parallel lines, a copy image may be composed of halftone dots or a halftone dot and a parallel line. In this case, the two patterns cannot be distinguished in the state of the original document by making the area ratio of points or lines occupied by points or lines per unit area substantially equal, but reproduced in a different state in a copy. be able to.

Next, the moiré pattern 13 will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing only the moiré pattern 13 in the commuter pass 11 of the present embodiment. The moiré pattern 13 is composed of a plurality of ellipses having the same center, and is arranged without overlapping each other. The ellipse of the moiré pattern 13 has a plurality of concentric circles according to the ratio of the vertical length to the horizontal length of the commuter pass 11,
Since the image is compressed in the vertical direction, approximately the same number of lines are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions of the moiré pattern 13.

Further, as the moiré pattern 13 moves away from the center in the radial direction, the interval between adjacent ellipses decreases in inverse proportion. The linear density is, for example, about 40 lines / inch in the vertical direction near the center, continuously increases toward the outside, and is about 85 lines / inch on the outermost side. Here, the interval of the ellipse is continuously changed, but the interval may be divided into a plurality of groups, and the intervals may be changed stepwise for each group.

When the moiré pattern 13 is copied, moiré appears in the moiré pattern 13 of the copy regardless of the scanning direction of the copying machine. In this embodiment, since the interval between the ellipses is changed, the moiré pattern 13
In the radial direction, the intervals of the ellipses are coarse and dense, and moire is likely to occur when the resolution is relatively low in areas where the ellipses are coarse, and moire occurs when the resolution is relatively high in areas where the ellipses are dense It's easy to do.

In the case of a moiré pattern consisting of a circle, when the moiré pattern is formed on the entire surface of a horizontally long rectangular object such as the commuter pass 11, moiré is less likely to appear in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. In the embodiment, the ratio of the vertical and horizontal lengths of the ellipse is the same as the vertical and horizontal lengths of the commuter pass 11, so that moire also occurs in the vertical direction of the center in the same manner as in the horizontal direction. Can be made easier to determine. Furthermore, in the case of an ellipse, since the line width and the interval slightly change depending on the ratio of the vertical and horizontal lengths, it is necessary to have various line widths and intervals in one pattern than a circular moiré pattern Can be. Therefore, moire can be generated in a part of the copy in a wider range of the copy resolution.

In the present embodiment, the moiré pattern 13 is constituted by an ellipse, but the present invention is not limited to this, and moiré can be generated even with a plurality of polygons or circles having the same center. Further, although the interval between the ellipses is gradually enlarged, a moiré pattern which is reduced may be used. Further, as in a moiré pattern 13a shown in FIG. 12, a spiral (spiral) pattern composed of a single line, or as in a moiré pattern 13b shown in FIG. A shape similar to an ellipse connected by a straight line may be used.

As described above, in the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment, in the case of a copy having a relatively high resolution, the character “NO” appears in the copy image 2 forming portion of the copy, and the elliptical shape of the moire pattern 13 is formed. Moiré occurs in a part where the interval is dense. In the case of copying having a relatively low resolution, moiré occurs in a portion of the copy where the moire pattern 3 has a coarse elliptical space. Therefore, the difference between the manuscript and the copy becomes clear, and the copy can be found instantaneously.

Further, in addition to the copy image 12 and the moiré pattern 13 described above, similar to the first embodiment,
By using a color distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates for at least a part of the commuter pass 11, a color not found in the original appears on the copy. Therefore, the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment can obtain a copied matter that can be determined at first glance to be different from the original even when copied at any resolution.

Next, a forgery-preventing printed matter according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a forgery-prevention printed matter of the third embodiment. The commuter pass 21 is provided with an annular portion 21a on which a moiré pattern described later is printed, and a copy image described later is printed on the entire surface 21b other than the annular portion 21a. Other configurations are almost the same as the forgery-prevention printed matter of the first embodiment.

The copy image of this embodiment will be described. The copy image is composed of a third halftone dot and a fourth halftone dot. FIG. 9 shows a commuter pass 21 of the present embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically illustrating only a portion where the copy image 22 is formed (the entire surface 21b other than the annular portion in FIG. 8). A third halftone dot 22a is provided in a portion 24a in which a plurality of "copy" characters are formed, and a fourth halftone dot 22b is provided in other portions 24b.

The point forming the third halftone dot 22a is located at the center of each of a large number of frames formed by intersecting two line groups having a line density of 175 lines / inch having directions different from each other. They are arranged like this. Each of these points occupies a predetermined area ratio in each frame, and the area ratio decreases continuously from the left to the right of the commuter pass 21.

The point forming the fourth halftone dot 22b is located at the center of each of a large number of frames formed by intersecting two line groups having a line density of 65 lines / inch having directions different from each other. They are arranged like this. The size of each of these points occupies a predetermined area ratio in each frame. However, as in the case of the third halftone dot 22a, the area ratio continuously increases from left to right of the commuter pass 21. Become smaller. At this time, the area ratios of the points forming the third halftone dots 22a and the points forming the fourth halftone dots 22b in the commuter pass 21 with respect to each frame are equal between the points arranged in the vertical direction. Is different from the point adjacent in the horizontal direction.

As described above, in the copy image 2 of the present embodiment, the size of the points forming the third halftone dots 22a and the fourth halftone dots 22b decreases continuously from left to right. The commuter pass 21 has a color tone having a so-called gradation, in which the color is darkest on the left side and gradually becomes lighter toward the right. The third halftone dot 22
a and the fourth halftone dot 22b have different sizes, but each point is fine and the area occupied by a unit area per unit area is almost the same as in the first embodiment. These cannot be distinguished visually, and the word “copy” cannot be confirmed. With the above-described configuration, the copy image 22 in the present embodiment can be used for a copier having a wider resolution.

In FIG. 9, the size difference between the third halftone dot 22a and the fourth halftone dot 22b is markedly shown so that the third halftone dot 22a can be distinguished from the fourth halftone dot 22b. Are surrounded by a dotted line, but these points are originally very fine, and the dotted line is not provided.

When the copy image 22 is copied,
If the resolution of the copy is relatively high, the copier
The difference between the second halftone dot 22a and the fourth halftone dot 22b can be recognized, and the third halftone dot 22a and the fourth halftone dot 22b are to appear on the copy in different states. The fourth halftone dot 22b is clearly reproduced and has a dark color as a whole.
2a is reproduced at a point finer and thinner than the fourth halftone dot 22b. Therefore, the character of "copy" appears white in the portion where the copy image 22 is formed in the copy, which is clearly different from the original.

In addition, depending on the copying machine, adjustments can be made so that very small dots forming halftone dots can be clearly reproduced, so that the above-mentioned "copy" character may not appear. However, since the third halftone dot 22a and the fourth halftone dot 22b have gradations, if a very small dot forming the fourth halftone dot 22b located on the right side of the commuter pass 21 is also reproduced clearly, The change in shading of the document becomes small, and the color tone becomes almost uniform throughout, so that the difference from the original document becomes clear.

In this embodiment, the copy image 22 is composed of two halftone dots. However, the copy image 22 may be composed of halftone dots and multiple lines or between multiple lines. In that case, the points and lines per unit area, or the area ratio occupied by the lines is equal between the points and lines or the lines arranged in a certain direction, and the points or lines adjacent in another direction are the points or lines of that point or line. By changing the area ratio by changing the size or thickness, it is not possible to distinguish these two patterns in the state of the original, but to reproduce in a different state in the copy Can be.

The moiré pattern (not shown) provided on the annular portion 21a of the commuter pass 21 of the present embodiment is a pattern composed of a plurality of concentric circles, similar to the pattern 3 of the first embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this as long as it is a pattern that does. Also, at least a part of the commuter pass 21, for example, a copy image 22 or a moiré pattern,
Alternatively, colors distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates are used for other provided patterns and the like.

As described above, in the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment, in the case of a copy having a relatively high resolution, the character "copy" appears in the copy image 2 forming portion of the copy. Alternatively, the change in the shade of the color disappears, and the entire color becomes uniform. In the case of a copy having a relatively low resolution, a moire pattern portion in the copy (in FIG.
Moire occurs in a). Therefore, the difference between the manuscript and the copy is clear, and the copy can be found instantaneously. Also,
Even if the characters "copy" and moiré are not clear, colors outside the color reproduction region of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates are used in the document, so colors not found in the document appear on the copy. Therefore, the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment can obtain a copied matter that can be judged to be different from the original at a glance even if copied at any resolution.

Next, a forgery-prevented printed matter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The anti-counterfeit printed matter of the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the anti-counterfeit printed matter of the first embodiment, and has a copy image similar to that of the first embodiment at the center of the commuter pass as a background portion (see FIG. 2). Is provided, and a moire pattern described later is printed on the entire surface other than the circular portion.

The moire pattern 33 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating only the moiré pattern 31 in the commuter pass 31 according to the present embodiment. The moiré pattern 33 is composed of a plurality of concentric circles, and the concentric circles have a state in which the spatial frequency increases in proportion to the distance from the center, that is, the line width and the interval become narrower outward from the center. The line width is about 0.5m / m near the center.
And it becomes narrower continuously toward the outside, about 0.1m / m
To change.

When the moiré pattern 33 is copied, moiré appears in the moiré pattern 33 of the copy regardless of the scanning direction of the copying machine. Further, in the present embodiment, since the line width and interval of the circle are changed in proportion to the distance from the center, moiré easily occurs when the resolution is relatively low in a portion where the line width of the circle is thick, and Moire is likely to occur in a narrow portion when the resolution is relatively high. Note that the same effect can be obtained with a moire pattern in which the distance between adjacent circles is fixed and only the line width is changed.

In the present embodiment, the moiré pattern 33 is constituted by concentric circles, but the present invention is not limited to this, and moiré can be generated even with a plurality of polygons or ellipses having the same center. Further, although the line width of the concentric circles is gradually reduced, an enlarged moiré pattern may be used. Further, similarly to the moiré pattern 13 of the second embodiment, a spiral (spiral) shape composed of one line or a shape similar to an ellipse in which semicircles are connected to each other by two straight lines are used. It does not matter (see FIGS. 12 and 13).

As described above, in the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment, in the case of a copy having a relatively high resolution, the character “NO” appears in the copy image forming portion of the copied matter, and the circle line of the moire pattern 33 appears. Moiré occurs in narrow portions. In the case of copying having a relatively low resolution, moiré occurs in a portion of the copy where the line width of the circle of the moiré pattern 33 is large. Therefore, the difference between the manuscript and the copy becomes clear, and the copy can be found instantaneously.

Further, in addition to the copy image and the moiré pattern 33 described above, as in the first embodiment, at least a part of the commuter pass 31 uses a color distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates. As a result, a color not found in the original appears on the copy. Therefore, the forgery-prevention printed matter of the present embodiment can obtain a copied matter that can be determined at first glance to be different from the original even when copied at any resolution.

[0060]

As described above, the anti-counterfeit printed matter according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, when copied at a relatively high resolution, causes characters or patterns which are not present in the original to appear on the copied matter due to the copy image. When a copy is made at a relatively low resolution, moiré patterns, which are not present in the original, appear on the copy due to the moiré pattern. Therefore, a copy different from the original can be obtained at any resolution.

In particular, in the forgery-prevention printed matter according to the third and fourth aspects, moiré is generated in at least a part of the copied matter regardless of the resolution at the time of copying, so that the difference between the original and the copied matter becomes clear. Further, since the irregular intervals and the line width of the moiré pattern are gradually enlarged or reduced from the center outward, the design of the printed matter is not impaired.

In the forgery-prevention printed matter according to the fifth aspect, even when an extremely small point forming a halftone dot is copied by a copying machine which can be adjusted so that it can be clearly reproduced, the difference between the two halftone dots does not appear. In addition, the gradation of the halftone dots disappears, and the color becomes uniform throughout. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a wider range of resolution.

In the forgery-preventing printed matter according to claim 7, the color pattern distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on the chromaticity coordinates is not reproduced in the same color as that of the original even when copied.
In addition to the characters and moiré generated by the copy image and the moiré pattern according to claim 6, the difference between the original and the copy is further clarified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a forgery-prevention printed matter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing only a portion where a copy image 2 is formed in the commuter pass 1 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a copied copy image 2 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing only a moiré pattern 3 in the commuter pass 1 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is chromaticity coordinates representing the colors used in the forgery-prevention printed matter of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing only a portion where a copy image 12 is formed in a commuter pass 11 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing only a moiré pattern 13 in a commuter pass 11 according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a forgery-prevented printed matter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically illustrating only a portion where a copy image 22 is formed in a commuter pass 21 according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of (a) a first halftone dot 2a and (b) a second halftone dot 2b per unit area in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing only a moiré pattern 33 in a commuter pass 31 according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing another moiré pattern 13a in the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a view schematically showing another moiré pattern 13b in the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 Commuter pass 2 Copy image 2a First halftone dot 2b Second halftone dot 3 Moiré pattern 4a Forming portion of first halftone dot 2a 4b Forming portion of second halftone dot 2b 11 Commuter pass 12 Copy image 12a First 12b Second line 13 Moiré pattern 13a, 13b Moiré pattern 14a Part where first line 12a is formed 14b Part where second line 12b is formed 21 Commuter ticket 22 Copy image 22a Third halftone dot 22b Fourth halftone dot 24a Formed portion of third halftone dot 22a 24b Formed portion of fourth halftone dot 22b 31 Commuter pass 33 Moiré pattern

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A first region in which a first pattern composed of a large number of fine elements is formed, and a second pattern composed of a large number of fine elements having a size different from that of the first pattern. A copy image having a second region formed, wherein the first region and the second region are in contact with each other, and a plurality of polygons, circles, or ellipses each having the same center. And a moiré pattern arranged without overlapping with a forgery prevention printed matter. 2. The fine element of the first pattern and a second element of the first pattern.
2. The forgery-preventive printed matter according to claim 1, wherein the fine element of the pattern is any one of a point-to-point, a point-to-line, or a line-to-line. 3. The moiré pattern according to claim 1, wherein an interval between adjacent polygons, circles, or ellipses is gradually enlarged or reduced outward from a center. Forgery-prevention printed matter. 4. In the moiré pattern, a polygon,
4. The forgery-preventive printed matter according to claim 1, wherein the line width of the circle or the ellipse is gradually enlarged or reduced in proportion to the distance from the center. 5. 5. The copy image according to claim 1, wherein the area occupied by the fine elements of the first pattern and the fine elements of the second pattern is inclined or changes stepwise. Anti-counterfeit printed matter as described. 6. The copy image, wherein the area occupied by the fine elements of the first pattern and the fine elements of the second pattern per unit area is substantially the same at any location. A forgery-preventive printed matter according to claim 1 or claim 5. 7. The copy image, the moiré pattern, and at least one of the patterns other than the copy image and the moiré pattern, a color distributed outside the color reproduction area of the toner on chromaticity coordinates. The forgery-preventive printed matter according to claim 1, wherein the printed matter is used.