JPH10225781A - Friction stirring joining method - Google Patents
Friction stirring joining methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10225781A JPH10225781A JP3180497A JP3180497A JPH10225781A JP H10225781 A JPH10225781 A JP H10225781A JP 3180497 A JP3180497 A JP 3180497A JP 3180497 A JP3180497 A JP 3180497A JP H10225781 A JPH10225781 A JP H10225781A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- joining
- temperature
- friction stir
- stir welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/1235—Controlling or monitoring the welding process with temperature control during joining
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、例えばアルミニ
ウム材等の金属材の接合に用いられる摩擦撹拌接合法に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method used for joining a metal material such as an aluminum material.
【０００２】なお、この明細書において、「アルミニウ
ム」の語はその合金を含む意味において用いる。[0002] In this specification, the term "aluminum" is used to include its alloy.
【０００３】[0003]
【従来の技術】固相接合法の一つである摩擦撹拌接合法
として、次のような方法が提案されている。即ち、図４
に示すように、径大の円柱状回転子（１１１）の端部軸
線上に、接合部材（１０１）（１０２）よりも硬質の径
小のピン状プローブ（１１２）が突出して一体に設けら
れた接合装置（１１０）を用い、前記回転子（１１１）
を高速で回転させつつ、突き合わせた２枚の接合部材
（１０１）（１０２）の突き合わせ部（１０３）または
その近傍に前記プローブ（１１２）を挿入する。挿入
は、一般には、回転子（１１１）のプローブ側平坦面か
らなる肩部（１１１ａ）が接合部材（１０１）（１０
２）に当接するまで行う。そして、プローブ挿入状態の
まま突き合わせ部（１０３）に沿ってプローブ（１１
２）を接合部材（１０１）（１０２）に対し相対的に移
動させる。プローブ（１１２）の回転により発生する摩
擦熱、あるいはさらに回転子（１１１）の肩部（１１１
ａ）と接合部材との摺動に伴い発生する摩擦熱により、
プローブ（１１２）との接触部分近傍において接合部材
（１０１）（１０２）は軟化しかつプローブにより撹拌
されるとともに、プローブ（１１２）の移動に伴って、
軟化撹拌部分がプローブ（１１２）の進行圧力を受けて
プローブの通過溝を埋めるようにプローブ（１１２）の
進行方向後方へと回り込む態様で塑性流動したのち摩擦
熱を急速に失って冷却固化される。この現象がプローブ
（１１２）の移動に伴って順次繰り返されていき、最終
的に接合部材（１０１）（１０２）が突き合わせ部（１
０３）において接合されるものである。また、このよう
な摩擦撹拌接合法は、同図に示すような突合せ接合の
他、重ね接合等の接合にも用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art The following method has been proposed as a friction stir welding method, which is one of the solid-state welding methods. That is, FIG.
As shown in (1), a small-diameter pin-shaped probe (112) that is harder than the joining members (101) and (102) is provided integrally on the end axis of the large-diameter cylindrical rotor (111). Rotor (111) using the joining device (110)
While rotating at high speed, the probe (112) is inserted into or near the butted portion (103) of the two butted joining members (101) and (102). In general, the shoulder (111a) composed of the probe-side flat surface of the rotor (111) is inserted into the joining member (101) (10).
Perform until 2). Then, the probe (11) is moved along the butt portion (103) with the probe inserted.
2) is moved relatively to the joining members (101) and (102). The frictional heat generated by the rotation of the probe (112) or the shoulder (111) of the rotor (111)
a) due to the frictional heat generated by the sliding between the joining member and
In the vicinity of the contact portion with the probe (112), the joining members (101) and (102) are softened and agitated by the probe, and as the probe (112) moves,
The softening and agitating portion receives the advancing pressure of the probe (112) and plastically flows in such a manner as to fill the passage of the probe so as to fill the passage of the probe (112). . This phenomenon is sequentially repeated with the movement of the probe (112), and finally, the joining members (101) and (102) are brought into contact with the butting portion (1).
03). Further, such a friction stir welding method is used for joining such as lap joining in addition to butt joining as shown in FIG.
【０００４】このような摩擦撹拌接合によれば、固相接
合であるため、接合部材である金属材の種類に制限を受
けないとか、接合時の熱歪みによる変形が少ない、等の
利点がある。According to such friction stir welding, since it is a solid phase welding, there are advantages such as that there is no limitation on the type of metal material as a joining member, and there is little deformation due to thermal distortion during joining. .
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、接合部
材（１０１）（１０２）が大きく接合距離が長いような
場合には、摩擦熱が分散しやすくなるため、接合部（１
０３）に摩擦熱を十分に与えることができず、接合不良
を招いてしまうという欠点があった。その一方で、接合
部（１０３）に摩擦熱を十分に与えようとして接合速度
を遅くしてしまうと、作業能率の低下を招いてしまうと
いう問題も生じる。However, when the joining members (101) and (102) are large and the joining distance is long, frictional heat is easily dispersed, so that the joining portion (1) is difficult.
03) has a drawback in that it is not possible to sufficiently apply frictional heat, resulting in poor bonding. On the other hand, if the joining speed is reduced in order to sufficiently apply the frictional heat to the joining portion (103), there is a problem that the working efficiency is reduced.
【０００６】この発明は、このような難点を解消するた
めになされたものであって、摩擦熱が分散しやすい状況
下でも、接合不良を生じることなく良好に接合すること
ができ、しかも接合速度を向上させることのできる摩擦
撹拌接合法の提供を目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is possible to perform good joining without causing defective joining even in a situation where frictional heat is easily dispersed, and furthermore, a joining speed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction stir welding method capable of improving the friction stir welding.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、この発明の請求項１は、接合部材の接合部又はその
近傍に回転するプローブを挿入し、プローブとの接触部
を摩擦熱にて軟化させ撹拌しながら、プローブを挿入状
態で接合部に沿って相対的に移動させることにより接合
部材を接合する摩擦撹拌接合法において、前記接合部の
うちの前記プローブの移動方向前方部分を外部熱源によ
り加熱しながら、前記プローブを移動させることを特徴
とするものである。In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to insert a rotating probe at or near a joint of a joining member and to form a contact portion with the probe by frictional heat. In the friction stir welding method of joining the joining members by relatively moving the probe along the joining portion in the inserted state while softening and stirring, in the joining portion, the front portion of the joining portion in the moving direction of the probe is connected to an external heat source. Wherein the probe is moved while heating.
【０００８】こうすることにより、摩擦熱が分散しやす
い状況下でも、外部熱源により摩擦熱の損失分が補充さ
れて接合不良が防止される。また、プローブの到達前に
プローブの移動方向前方部分の温度が既に上昇している
ことから、この部分がプローブと接触すると迅速に軟化
するものとなり、接合速度を速くし得ると共に、プロー
ブの移動の際にプローブが受ける抵抗力が軽減されてプ
ローブの寿命が長くなる。さらに、加熱による温度上昇
によって、接合部に付着している油、水分等の接合阻害
物を接合前に蒸発させうるものとなる。外部熱源として
は、レーザ光、ガス炎、ヒータ等が採用される。[0008] By doing so, even under a situation where frictional heat is easily dispersed, the loss of frictional heat is supplemented by the external heat source, thereby preventing defective bonding. In addition, since the temperature of the front part in the moving direction of the probe has already risen before the arrival of the probe, when this part comes into contact with the probe, it quickly softens, so that the joining speed can be increased and the movement of the probe can be improved. In this case, the resistance applied to the probe is reduced, and the life of the probe is extended. Further, the increase in temperature due to the heating makes it possible to evaporate the joining inhibitors such as oil and moisture adhering to the joining portion before joining. As the external heat source, a laser beam, a gas flame, a heater, or the like is used.
【０００９】また、請求項２は、上記請求項１の摩擦撹
拌接合法において、前記接合部材がアルミニウムからな
り、且つ前記加熱部分の温度が５００℃以下となるよう
に加熱することとした。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the friction stir welding method of the first aspect, the joining member is made of aluminum, and the heating portion is heated such that the temperature of the heated portion is 500 ° C. or less.
【００１０】アルミニウムからなる接合部材にあって
は、前記加熱部分の温度が５００℃を超えると、熱歪み
による変形量が著しく増大してしまい、変形量が少ない
という摩擦撹拌接合の利点が失われる。そこで、加熱部
分の上昇温度が５００℃以下となるように加熱すること
が好ましい。特に１００℃乃至３００℃が最適である。
１００℃未満では、接合速度を速くし難く、また３００
℃を超えると熱歪みによる変形が生じ始めるからであ
る。In the case of a joining member made of aluminum, if the temperature of the heated portion exceeds 500 ° C., the amount of deformation due to thermal strain increases remarkably, and the advantage of friction stir welding that the amount of deformation is small is lost. . Therefore, it is preferable to heat the heating portion so that the temperature rise is 500 ° C. or less. Particularly, 100 ° C to 300 ° C is optimal.
If the temperature is lower than 100 ° C., it is difficult to increase the bonding speed.
If the temperature exceeds ℃, deformation due to thermal strain starts to occur.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】図１はこの発明の一実施形態に係
るものである。同図において、（１）（２）は同一平面
内において幅方向の一端面を突き合わせ状態に配置され
たアルミニウム等の金属からなる２枚の板状接合部材で
あり、この突合せ部を接合部（３）とするものである。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In the same figure, (1) and (2) are two plate-like joining members made of metal such as aluminum arranged such that one end surfaces in the width direction abut on the same plane. 3).
【００１２】（１０）は接合装置であり、径大の円柱状
回転子（１１）の端部軸線上に径小のピン状プローブ
（１２）が突出して一体に設けられたものであり、回転
子（１１）を高速回転させることによりプローブ（１
２）も高速回転させうるものとなされている。なお、プ
ローブ（１２）及び回転子（１１）は、接合部材（１）
（２）よりも硬質でかつ接合時に発生する摩擦熱に耐え
うる耐熱材料によって形成されている。Reference numeral (10) denotes a joining device, in which a small-diameter pin-shaped probe (12) is provided integrally on the end axis of a large-diameter cylindrical rotor (11). The probe (1) is rotated by rotating the probe (11) at high speed.
2) can be rotated at high speed. In addition, the probe (12) and the rotor (11) are connected to the joining member (1).
It is made of a heat-resistant material that is harder than (2) and can withstand frictional heat generated at the time of joining.
【００１３】（２０）は加熱装置であって、ＣＯ2 レー
ザやＹＡＧレーザ等の各種レーザ光（２１）を熱源とし
て両接合部材（１）（２）を加熱するものである。この
加熱装置（２０）は、レーザ光を出すレーザ発振器（図
示せず）と、該発振器から出たレーザ光を集光したり、
加熱すべき箇所にレーザ光の照準を合わせたりする光学
系（図示せず）とを備えている。そして、レーザ光（２
１）が照射される略円筒状のノズル部（２２）は、前記
プローブ（１２）の移動方向前方の近傍部位に配置され
ると共に、前記プローブ（１２）の動きと連動するもの
となされ、接合部（３）におけるレーザ照射位置が常に
前記プローブ（１２）の移動方向前方に位置するものと
なされている。レーザ光（２１）の照射幅は、回転子
（１１）先端の平坦状肩部（１１ａ）の径と略同一寸法
に設定されており、接合部（３）のうちプローブ近傍の
部分だけを加熱して、この部分及びその周辺の温度を上
昇させるものとなされている。また、加熱装置（２０）
は、レーザ光（２１）の照射によって照射部の温度が接
合部材（１）（２）の素材金属の融点以上に上昇しない
ようにその照射量が設定されている。接合部材（１）
（２）がアルミニウム製である場合、加熱装置（２０）
による加熱温度は５００℃以下に設定するのが良い。５
００℃を超えると、熱歪みによる変形量が著しく増大し
てしまうからである。特に好ましくは１００℃乃至３０
０℃である。１００℃未満では、接合速度を速くし難
く、また３００℃を超えると熱歪みによる変形が生じ始
めるからである。A heating device (20) heats the two joining members (1) and (2) using various laser beams (21) such as a CO 2 laser and a YAG laser as a heat source. The heating device (20) includes a laser oscillator (not shown) that emits a laser beam, and a laser beam emitted from the oscillator.
An optical system (not shown) for aiming a laser beam at a location to be heated is provided. Then, the laser light (2
A substantially cylindrical nozzle portion (22) to which 1) is irradiated is arranged at a position near the front in the moving direction of the probe (12), and is linked to the movement of the probe (12). The laser irradiation position in the section (3) is always located forward in the moving direction of the probe (12). The irradiation width of the laser beam (21) is set to be substantially the same as the diameter of the flat shoulder (11a) at the tip of the rotor (11), and only the portion of the joint (3) near the probe is heated. Then, the temperature of this part and its surroundings is raised. In addition, a heating device (20)
Is set so that the temperature of the irradiating portion does not rise above the melting point of the base metal of the joining members (1) and (2) by the irradiation of the laser beam (21). Joining member (1)
When (2) is made of aluminum, the heating device (20)
Is preferably set to 500 ° C. or less. 5
If the temperature exceeds 00 ° C., the amount of deformation due to thermal strain increases significantly. Particularly preferably 100 ° C to 30 ° C
0 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 100 ° C., it is difficult to increase the bonding speed, and if the temperature exceeds 300 ° C., deformation due to thermal strain starts to occur.
【００１４】次に、前記接合装置（１０）及び前記加熱
装置（２０）を用いて摩擦撹拌接合を行う場合について
説明する。Next, a case where friction stir welding is performed using the welding device (10) and the heating device (20) will be described.
【００１５】加熱装置（２０）のレーザ発振器を作動さ
せてノズル部（２２）からレーザ光（２１）を照射させ
ると共に、接合装置の回転子（１１）を回転させてこれ
と一体回転するプローブ（１２）を接合部（３）又はそ
の近傍に接触させる。A laser (21) is emitted from a nozzle section (22) by operating a laser oscillator of a heating device (20), and a rotor (11) of a joining device is rotated to rotate a probe (11) integrally therewith. 12) is brought into contact with the joint (3) or its vicinity.
【００１６】そして、その摩擦熱により接触部分を軟化
可塑化させ、更にプローブ（１２）を押し付けて該プロ
ーブ（１２）を接合部材（１）（２）の厚さ方向内部に
挿入していく。プローブ（１２）の挿入状態で、回転子
（１１）の肩部（１１ａ）を接合部材（１）（２）の表
面に当接させる。肩部（１１ａ）の当接により、接合開
始時あるいは接合途中の軟化部分の素材の飛散を防止し
得て均一な接合状態を実現し得ると共に、接合部材
（１）（２）と肩部（１１ａ）との摺動による摩擦熱を
生ぜじめて、プローブ（１２）との接触部あるいはその
近傍の軟化を促進し、さらに接合部材（１）（２）表面
の凹凸形成を防止する。Then, the contact portion is softened and plasticized by the frictional heat, and the probe (12) is further pressed to insert the probe (12) into the joining members (1) and (2) in the thickness direction. With the probe (12) inserted, the shoulder (11a) of the rotor (11) is brought into contact with the surfaces of the joining members (1) and (2). The contact of the shoulders (11a) can prevent the material of the softened portion from being scattered at the start of the joining or during the joining, so that a uniform joining state can be realized, and the joining members (1) (2) and the shoulder ( By generating frictional heat due to sliding with 11a), softening of the contact portion with probe (12) or the vicinity thereof is promoted, and furthermore, formation of unevenness on the surfaces of joining members (1) and (2) is prevented.
【００１７】プローブ（１２）の挿入後、接合部（３）
に沿って回転子（１２）を移動させる。すると、これに
連動して加熱装置（２０）のノズル部（２２）が接合部
（３）に沿って移動し、これに伴いレーザ照射位置も移
動する。プローブ（１２）及び回転子（１１）の回転に
より、プローブ（１２）との接触部分周辺において、接
合部材（１）（２）が摩擦熱によって軟化し且つ撹拌さ
れる。そして、プローブ（１２）の移動によって、軟化
撹拌部分がプローブ（１２）の進行圧力を受けてプロー
ブ（１２）の通過溝を埋めるようにプローブ（１２）の
進行方向後方へと回り込む態様で塑性流動したのち、摩
擦熱を急速に失って急冷固化される。After inserting the probe (12), the joint (3)
The rotor (12) is moved along. Then, in conjunction with this, the nozzle part (22) of the heating device (20) moves along the joint part (3), and accordingly, the laser irradiation position also moves. Due to the rotation of the probe (12) and the rotor (11), the joining members (1) and (2) are softened and agitated by frictional heat around the contact portion with the probe (12). Then, by the movement of the probe (12), the softening and agitating portion receives the advancing pressure of the probe (12) and wraps backward in the traveling direction of the probe (12) so as to fill the passage groove of the probe (12). After that, it rapidly loses frictional heat and is quenched and solidified.
【００１８】而して、プローブ（１２）の移動方向前方
部分は、レーザ光（２１）の照射によって加熱され、予
め温度が上昇しているから、プローブ（１２）及び肩部
（１１ａ）は、この温度上昇部分を移動するものとな
り、プローブ（１２）及び肩部（１１ａ）が加熱部分に
到達するとプローブ（１２）及び肩部（１１ａ）との接
触部が迅速に軟化し、プローブ（１２）による軟化撹拌
が容易になり得て、接合速度を速くすることができる。
また、この迅速軟化により、プローブ（１２）が受ける
抵抗力が軽減され、プローブ（１２）の寿命を長くする
ことができる。Since the front portion of the probe (12) in the moving direction is heated by the irradiation of the laser beam (21) and the temperature has been increased in advance, the probe (12) and the shoulder (11a) are When the probe (12) and the shoulder (11a) reach the heated portion, the contact portion between the probe (12) and the shoulder (11a) softens quickly, and the probe (12) moves. Softening and stirring can be facilitated, and the joining speed can be increased.
In addition, due to the rapid softening, the resistance applied to the probe (12) is reduced, and the life of the probe (12) can be extended.
【００１９】こうして、接合部（３）の迅速軟化、撹
拌、冷却固化がプローブ（１２）の移動に伴って順次繰
り返されていき、突合せ部において接合部材（１）
（２）は相互に一体化され順次接合されていき、熱歪み
の小さく良好な接合状態の接合品が得られる。In this way, the rapid softening, stirring and cooling and solidification of the joint (3) are sequentially repeated with the movement of the probe (12), and the joining member (1) at the butt portion.
(2) is integrated with each other and joined in sequence, and a joined product with small thermal distortion and good joining can be obtained.
【００２０】図２は加熱装置の変形例の一つを示すもの
であって、酸素アセチレン、酸素プロパン、酸素天然ガ
ス等の各種ガス炎（３１）を熱源として両接合部材
（１）（２）を加熱するものである。この加熱装置（３
０）も同様に、ガス炎（３１）が噴射される略円筒状の
ノズル部（３２）は、前記プローブ（１２）の移動方向
前方の近傍部位に配置されると共に、前記プローブ（１
２）の動きと連動するものとなされ、接合部（３）にお
けるガス炎（３１）噴射位置が常に前記接合装置（１
０）の移動方向前方に位置するものとなされている。ま
た、ガス炎（３１）の噴射幅は、接合部材（１）（２）
の表面にぶつかってその先端部が広がった状態になった
ときに回転子（１１）の肩部（１１ａ）の径と略同一寸
法になるように設定されており、接合部（３）のうちプ
ローブ近傍の部分だけを加熱して、この部分及びその周
辺の温度を上昇させるものとなされている。また、加熱
装置（３０）は、ガス炎（３１）の噴射によって噴射部
の温度が接合部材（１）（２）の素材金属の融点以上に
上昇しないようにその噴射量が設定されている。FIG. 2 shows a modification of the heating device, in which the two joining members (1) and (2) are formed by using various gas flames (31) such as oxygen acetylene, oxygen propane and oxygen natural gas as heat sources. Is to be heated. This heating device (3
Similarly, in the case of (0), the substantially cylindrical nozzle portion (32) from which the gas flame (31) is jetted is arranged at a position near the front of the probe (12) in the moving direction, and the probe (1) is formed.
2), the gas flame (31) injection position at the joint (3) is always set to the position of the joining device (1).
0) in the moving direction. Further, the injection width of the gas flame (31) is determined by the joining members (1) and (2).
When the front end of the rotor (11) comes into contact with the surface of the rotor (11), the diameter of the shoulder (11a) of the rotor (11) is substantially the same as that of the shoulder (11a). Only the portion near the probe is heated to raise the temperature of this portion and its surroundings. The injection amount of the heating device (30) is set so that the temperature of the injection portion does not rise above the melting point of the base metal of the joining members (1) and (2) by the injection of the gas flame (31).
【００２１】図２に示した加熱装置（３０）を用いた摩
擦撹拌接合では、ガス炎（３１）の熱によってプローブ
（１２）及び肩部（１１ａ）との接触部が迅速に軟化
し、接合速度を速くすると共に、プローブ（１２）の寿
命を長くする。In the friction stir welding using the heating device (30) shown in FIG. 2, the contact between the probe (12) and the shoulder (11a) is quickly softened by the heat of the gas flame (31), and the welding is performed. The speed is increased and the life of the probe (12) is extended.
【００２２】図３は加熱装置の変形例のもう一つを示す
ものであって、ヒータから発生する熱を熱源として両接
合部材（１）（２）を加熱するものである。この加熱装
置（４０）は、加熱ヒータ（図示せず）を内蔵した加熱
ローラ（４１）を接合部（３）に沿って転動させること
で、接合部（３）に熱を付与するものである。この加熱
装置（４０）も同様に、加熱ローラ（４１）が回動自在
に枢支された略コ字状のローラ支持体（４２）は、前記
プローブ（１２）の移動方向前方の近傍部位に配置され
ると共に、前記プローブ（１２）の動きと連動するもの
となされ、接合部（３）における加熱ローラ接触位置が
常に前記プローブ（１２）の移動方向前方に位置するも
のとなされている。また、加熱ローラ（４１）の幅は、
回転子（１１）の肩部（１１ａ）の径と略同一寸法に形
成されており、接合部（３）のうちプローブ近傍の部分
だけを加熱して、この部分及びその周辺の温度を上昇さ
せるものとなされている。また、加熱装置（４０）は、
加熱ローラ（４１）の熱によってその接触部の温度が接
合部材（１）（２）の素材金属の融点以上に上昇しない
ようにその発熱量が設定されている。FIG. 3 shows another modification of the heating device, in which the two joining members (1) and (2) are heated using heat generated from the heater as a heat source. The heating device (40) applies heat to the joint (3) by rolling a heating roller (41) having a built-in heater (not shown) along the joint (3). is there. Similarly, in this heating device (40), a substantially U-shaped roller support (42) on which a heating roller (41) is rotatably supported is provided at a position near the front in the moving direction of the probe (12). The probe (12) is arranged and interlocked with the movement of the probe (12), and the contact position of the heating roller at the joint (3) is always located forward in the moving direction of the probe (12). The width of the heating roller (41) is
The diameter of the shoulder (11a) of the rotor (11) is substantially the same as that of the shoulder (11a), and only the portion of the joint (3) near the probe is heated to increase the temperature of this portion and its surroundings. It has been done. Also, the heating device (40)
The amount of heat generated is set so that the temperature of the contact portion does not rise above the melting point of the base metal of the joining members (1) and (2) due to the heat of the heating roller (41).
【００２３】図３に示した加熱装置（４０）を用いた摩
擦撹拌接合では、加熱ローラ（４１）の熱によってプロ
ーブ（１２）及び肩部（１１ａ）との接触部が迅速に軟
化し、接合速度を速くすると共に、プローブ（１２）の
寿命を長くする。In the friction stir welding using the heating device (40) shown in FIG. 3, the contact between the probe (12) and the shoulder (11a) is quickly softened by the heat of the heating roller (41), and the welding is performed. The speed is increased and the life of the probe (12) is extended.
【００２４】なお、図２及び図３に示した実施形態にお
いて、接合装置（３０）（４０）による摩擦撹拌接合法
は図１に示したものと同一である。In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the friction stir welding method using the welding devices (30) and (40) is the same as that shown in FIG.
【００２５】以上の三つの実施形態は、接合部材（１）
（２）を局部的に加熱するものであるため、加熱部分の
温度を上昇させるために消費されたエネルギー量が少な
く、経済的に優れている。また、これらの実施形態のう
ち、図１に示したレーザ光（２１）を利用した加熱装置
（２０）の方が、照射部の温度をフィードバックさせて
その照射量を調節することで温度調節を容易に行うこと
ができる点で望ましい。さらに、接合部材（１）（２）
の表面に凹凸や段差がある場合であっても、レーザ光
（２１）はこれらの障害に関係なく照射し得る点でも、
図１に示したレーザ光（２１）を利用した加熱装置（２
０）の方が望ましい。In the above three embodiments, the joining member (1)
Since (2) is locally heated, the amount of energy consumed to raise the temperature of the heated portion is small and is economically excellent. In addition, of these embodiments, the heating device (20) using the laser beam (21) shown in FIG. 1 performs the temperature adjustment by feeding back the temperature of the irradiation unit and adjusting the irradiation amount. This is desirable because it can be easily performed. Furthermore, joining members (1) and (2)
Even if the surface has irregularities or steps, the laser beam (21) can be irradiated regardless of these obstacles.
The heating device (2) using the laser beam (21) shown in FIG.
0) is more preferable.
【００２６】なお、これら実施形態では、接合部材
（１）（２）は突合せ接合によって一体化しているが、
この発明では、この他、重ね接合等によって一体化して
も良い。また、接合部材（１）（２）の全体を外部熱源
（２１）（３１）（４１）により加熱しながらプローブ
（１２）を移動させても良い。In these embodiments, the joining members (1) and (2) are integrated by butt joining.
In the present invention, other than that, they may be integrated by lap joining or the like. Further, the probe (12) may be moved while the whole of the joining members (1) and (2) is heated by the external heat sources (21), (31) and (41).
【００２７】[0027]
【実施例】Ａ６Ｎ０１−Ｔ５アルミニウム押出材からな
る幅１００ｍｍ×長さ１０００ｍｍ×厚さ３ｍｍの２枚
の接合部材（１）（２）を用い、各接合部材（１）
（２）の幅方向の端面を突き合わせてここを接合部
（３）とした。なお、両接合部材（１）（２）には押出
後のストレッチを施さなかった。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Two joining members (1) and (2) made of extruded A6N01-T5 aluminum and having a width of 100 mm, a length of 1000 mm and a thickness of 3 mm were used.
The end faces in the width direction of (2) were abutted to each other to form a joint (3). In addition, the stretch after extrusion was not given to both joining members (1) and (2).
【００２８】そして、図３に示した接合装置（１０）と
加熱装置（４０）を用い、接合装置（１０）の回転子
（１１）及びプローブ（１２）を回転させて、回転子肩
部（１１ａ）が接合部材（１）（２）の表面に当接する
までプローブ（１２）を接合部（３）に挿入し、加熱ロ
ーラ（４１）の表面温度とプローブ（１２）の移動速度
を表１に示した値に設定して摩擦撹拌接合を行った。こ
れを実施例１乃至４とする。Then, the rotor (11) and the probe (12) of the bonding device (10) are rotated using the bonding device (10) and the heating device (40) shown in FIG. The probe (12) is inserted into the joint (3) until 11a) comes into contact with the surfaces of the joining members (1) and (2), and the surface temperature of the heating roller (41) and the moving speed of the probe (12) are shown in Table 1. And the friction stir welding was performed. This is referred to as Examples 1 to 4.
【００２９】ここに、回転子（１１）の外径は７．５ｍ
ｍ、プローブ（１２）の外径は３ｍｍ、加熱ローラ（４
１）とプローブ（１２）との距離は５０ｍｍ、プローブ
（１２）の挿入深さは３ｍｍである。Here, the outer diameter of the rotor (11) is 7.5 m.
m, the outer diameter of the probe (12) is 3 mm, and the heating roller (4
The distance between 1) and the probe (12) is 50 mm, and the insertion depth of the probe (12) is 3 mm.
【００３０】なお、接合部（３）における加熱ローラ
（４１）との接触部の温度は、加熱ローラ（４１）の移
動速度、即ちプローブ（１２）の移動速度が４００ｍｍ
／ｍｉｎ乃至８００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎの間で加熱ローラ（４
１）の表面温度まで上昇し、この温度はプローブ（１
２）が到達するまで冷えることなく保持されていたこと
を予備実験により確認している。The temperature of the contact portion of the joint (3) with the heating roller (41) depends on the moving speed of the heating roller (41), that is, the moving speed of the probe (12) is 400 mm.
/ Min to 800 mm / min.
1) to the surface temperature of the probe (1).
Preliminary experiments confirmed that the material was kept without cooling until 2) was reached.
【００３１】一方、比較例として、加熱ローラ（４１）
を用いないで、プローブ（１２）の移動速度を４００ｍ
ｍ／ｍｉｎ（比較例１）及び８００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ（比較
例２）にして摩擦撹拌接合を行った。なお、比較例１
は、従来の摩擦撹拌接合法に採用されるプローブ移動速
度である。On the other hand, as a comparative example, a heating roller (41)
Without moving the probe (12) at a moving speed of 400 m
Friction stir welding was performed at m / min (Comparative Example 1) and 800 mm / min (Comparative Example 2). Comparative Example 1
Is the probe moving speed employed in the conventional friction stir welding method.
【００３２】この結果を表１に示す。Table 1 shows the results.
【００３３】[0033]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３４】表１に示すように、実施例１乃至４では、
プローブ（１２）の移動速度を速くしても、良好な接合
状態を維持することができることが分かる。このうち、
加熱ローラ（４１）の表面温度が１００℃乃至３００℃
の間にある実施例１乃至３は、変形が認められず、熱歪
みが生じなかったことが分かる。As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4,
It can be seen that a good bonding state can be maintained even when the moving speed of the probe (12) is increased. this house,
The surface temperature of the heating roller (41) is 100 ° C. to 300 ° C.
In Examples 1 to 3 in between, no deformation was recognized, and it can be seen that thermal distortion did not occur.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】上述の次第で、請求項１の発明では、接
合部のうちのプローブの移動方向前方部分を外部熱源に
より加熱しながら、プローブを移動させるものなので、
摩擦熱が分散しやすい状況下でも、外部熱源により摩擦
熱の損失分が補充され、接合不良を防止することができ
る。また、プローブの移動方向前方部分の温度が予め上
昇していることから、プローブとの接触部が迅速に軟化
するものとなり、接合速度を速くすることができる。し
かも、この迅速軟化によりプローブの移動の際にプロー
ブが受ける抵抗力が軽減され、プローブの寿命を長くす
ることができる。さらに、接合部に付着している油、水
分等の接合阻害物を接合前に蒸発させることができる。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the probe is moved while the front part of the joint in the moving direction of the probe is heated by an external heat source.
Even in a situation where frictional heat is easily dispersed, the loss of frictional heat is replenished by the external heat source, so that poor joining can be prevented. In addition, since the temperature of the front portion in the moving direction of the probe is increased in advance, the contact portion with the probe is quickly softened, and the joining speed can be increased. In addition, the rapid softening reduces the resistance applied to the probe when the probe is moved, so that the life of the probe can be extended. Further, it is possible to evaporate a joining inhibitor such as oil and moisture attached to the joining portion before joining.
【００３６】請求項２の発明では、接合部材がアルミニ
ウムからなり、且つ加熱部分の温度が５００℃以下とな
るように加熱することから、アルミニウムからなる接合
部材であっても良好な接合状態を維持したまま接合速度
を速くすることができる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the joining member is made of aluminum and the heating portion is heated so that the temperature of the heating portion becomes 500 ° C. or less, a good joining state is maintained even if the joining member is made of aluminum. The joining speed can be increased while the welding is performed.
【図１】この発明の一実施形態を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】この発明のもう一つの実施形態を示す斜視図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】この発明の更にもう一つの実施形態を示す斜視
図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】摩擦撹拌接合方法を説明するための斜視図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining a friction stir welding method.
１、２…接合部材 ３…接合部 １０…接合装置 １１…回転子 １２…プローブ ２０、３０、４０…加熱装置 ２１…レーザ光（外部熱源） ３１…ガス炎（外部熱源） ４１…加熱ローラ（外部熱源） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Joining member 3 ... Joining part 10 ... Joining device 11 ... Rotor 12 ... Probe 20, 30, 40 ... Heating device 21 ... Laser beam (external heat source) 31 ... Gas flame (external heat source) 41 ... Heating roller ( External heat source)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 橋本 武典 堺市海山町６丁224番地 昭和アルミニウ ム株式会社内 (72)発明者 岩井 一郎 堺市海山町６丁224番地 昭和アルミニウ ム株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takenori Hashimoto 6,224, Kaiyama-cho, Sakai City, Showa Aluminum Co., Ltd.
Claims (2)
はその近傍に回転するプローブ（１２）を挿入し、プロ
ーブとの接触部を摩擦熱にて軟化させ撹拌しながら、プ
ローブ（１２）を挿入状態で接合部（３）に沿って相対
的に移動させることにより接合部材（１）（２）を接合
する摩擦撹拌接合法において、 前記接合部（３）のうちの前記プローブ（１２）の移動
方向前方部分を外部熱源（２１）（３１）（４１）によ
り加熱しながら、前記プローブ（１２）を移動させるこ
とを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合法。1. A probe (12) is inserted into or near a joint (3) of a joining member (1) (2), and the probe is softened by frictional heat and stirred while being in contact with the probe. In the friction stir welding method of joining the joining members (1) and (2) by relatively moving the (12) along the joining portion (3) in the inserted state, the probe of the joining portion (3) A friction stir welding method, wherein the probe (12) is moved while the front part in the movement direction of (12) is heated by an external heat source (21) (31) (41).
ムからなり、且つ前記加熱部分の温度が５００℃以下と
なるように加熱する請求項１記載の摩擦撹拌接合法。2. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the joining members (1) and (2) are made of aluminum, and heating is performed so that the temperature of the heating portion is 500 ° C. or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3180497A JP3081808B2 (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1997-02-17 | Friction stir welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3180497A JP3081808B2 (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1997-02-17 | Friction stir welding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10225781A true JPH10225781A (en) | 1998-08-25 |
| JP3081808B2 JP3081808B2 (en) | 2000-08-28 |
Family
ID=12341286
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3180497A Expired - Fee Related JP3081808B2 (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1997-02-17 | Friction stir welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3081808B2 (en) |
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| JP2002263864A (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-17 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Friction/agitation joining method and friction/agitation joining device |
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| JP2003236681A (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-08-26 | Boeing Co:The | Structural assembly, structural assembly manufacturing method, and friction stir welding equipment and method therefor |
| WO2003106098A1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-12-24 | Smith International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding |
| JP2004506516A (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2004-03-04 | エーアーデーエス・ドイッチェランド・ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Laser assisted friction stir welding |
| WO2004026521A1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-04-01 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparstus for radiation assisted friction stir welding |
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| US7156277B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-01-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Friction stir welding method and apparatus |
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| US20130276299A1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Clamping and Heating Apparatus For Joining Tools |
| WO2015004794A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 株式会社 日立製作所 | Method for friction stir welding and device for friction stir welding |
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| KR20160051895A (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2016-05-11 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | Friction stir welding method for steel sheets and method of manufacturing joint |
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1997
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