JPH10221251A - Method and device for sensing oil inclusion in water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sense oil inclusion in the water to cool or heat the fuel oil, lubricating, etc., in an internal combustion engine or the like through a heat exchanger. SOLUTION: Water 5 including oil is sent into a static water chamber A in which an oil film is formed on the water surface owing to the surfacing of the oil, wherein a sensor 4 of a photoelectric reflectiometer is installed at a certain level over the surface in the chamber A, and therefrom light of a certain intensity is cast perpendicularly on the water surface, and the reflected light is received to serve for measurement of the reflectance. On the basis of the difference between the obtained water reflectance and that of the oil film surface, oil inclusion in the water flowing into the chamber is sensed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to cooling and heating of oil such as lubricating oil, fuel oil, hydraulic oil and the like in factory equipment, internal combustion engines for power generation, marine internal combustion engines, etc. with water through a heat exchanger. Heats and keeps equipment, or equipment that heats oil such as lubricating oil, fuel oil, hydraulic oil, etc. with steam from a steam boiler via a heat exchanger, or equipment that may contain oil. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting mixing of oil into water in a condensing section of an installed facility, factory drainage, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cooling of a lubricating oil cooler and a fuel valve of an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine of a ship has been performed by exchanging heat with seawater. Since the oil was discarded in the sea, no problem occurred even if oil and the like were mixed in the cooled seawater. But,
In recent years, such underwater dumping should not be performed from the viewpoint of ecology and the like, and water for cooling is circulated and used as fresh water. Water and steam are also used in other internal combustion engines, steam boilers, and factory equipment to cool and heat oil coolers and equipment such as lubricating oil. Let it be used.

[0003] When oil leaks into such water for cooling or heating due to corrosion or breakage of the pipeline, etc.,
Oil mixed with water adheres to the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, and the oil extremely reduces the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange surface. Therefore, when the purpose is to cool the equipment, the oil to be cooled via the heat exchanger is not sufficiently cooled, and the temperature rises. As a result, the equipment to be cooled by the liquid to be cooled is cooled. Not at all, eventually overheating and leading to an accident. On the other hand, when the purpose is to heat the equipment, the temperature of the liquid to be heated through the heat exchanger does not rise sufficiently, and as a result, the temperature of the equipment to be heated by the liquid to be heated does not rise. Can not achieve the purpose. In addition, it causes a failure.

[0004] For example, it is common that the jacket cooling water cools the lubricating oil cooler and the fuel valve in the internal combustion engine of the above-mentioned ship or the like, but if the cooling surface is damaged due to corrosion or the like from the lubricating oil cooler. Since the pressure of the lubricating oil is higher than the pressure of the cooling water, the lubricating oil always flows into the cooling water. When the lubricating oil is mixed with water in this way, the lubricating oil adheres to the cooling surface of the jacket as described above, lowers the heat transfer coefficient, increases the engine temperature, and causes overheating. In general overheating, the temperature of the jacket cooling water rises, so it can be seen from the high temperature alarm of the jacket cooling water.
Since the jacket cooling water is overheated without a rise in temperature, it is difficult to predict overheating.

In order to prevent the above inconveniences,
It is necessary to detect that oil has mixed into the water flowing and circulating in the heat exchanger and the like. Conventionally, for water that exchanges heat with cooling oil or the like of an internal combustion engine or the like, there are a transmission type and a capacitance type in order to simply detect oil mixed in the water.

In the transmission type, a glass portion is provided at a position (upper, lower, left and right, etc.) on one side of a pipe through which water circulates, light is irradiated from one of the glass portions, and the luminous intensity of the transmitted light is measured on the other. This is a method of detecting oil content. Generally, it is attached to the piping after the oil-water separator. Since the circulating water that exchanges heat with the cooling oil or the like of an internal combustion engine or the like contains a rust preventive, the water itself has low permeability, so that it is difficult to detect the oil content by the permeation method.

[0007] The capacitance type is a detection method utilizing a specific induction factor of all substances such as liquids, powders, and lumps, but in the case of oil, it cannot be detected unless the oil film has a thickness of 1 cm or more. It is difficult and unsuitable to use as an oil detector in circulating water of an internal combustion engine or the like because it is necessary to keep measurement conditions such as temperature and humidity constant and expensive.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine,
Water and steam for cooling and heating fuel oil, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, etc. through factory heat exchangers
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for detecting oil mixing in water, which can easily and reliably detect mixed oil in circulating water or the like in which oil may be mixed.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydrostatic tank in which water mixed with oil flows in to form an oil film on the water surface by floating the oil. , A sensor of photoelectric reflectometer attached at a certain height above the water surface of the still water tank irradiates light of constant luminous intensity perpendicular to the water surface, receives the reflected light, measures the reflectance, and measures the reflectance from water This is a method for detecting mixing of oil into water flowing into a still water tank based on a difference in reflectance from the oil film surface.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a water tank having a water inlet and a water outlet facing each other is provided, and a water tank is provided in the water tank between the water inlet side tank wall and the water outlet side tank wall to a predetermined height from the bottom of the water tank. A fixed-water-level partition plate is provided, and a communication port is provided between the constant-water-partition plate and the water-inlet-side tank wall at the bottom of the water tank, and the oil stopper is higher than the fixed-water-level partition plate. A partition plate is attached, a space between the oil stop partition plate and the water inlet side tank wall is used as a still water tank for oil separation, and a space between the constant water level partition plate and the water outlet side tank wall is used as a water storage tank. Above the water surface on the water tank side of the partition plate, a sensor of a photoelectric reflectometer having a light emitting port for irradiating light perpendicular to the water surface and a light receiving port for receiving the reflected light from the water surface and detecting the reflectance was installed. This is a device for detecting mixing of oil into water.

The operation of the present invention will be described. According to the method for detecting the mixing of oil in water according to the first aspect, the oil mixed in the water can be easily and reliably detected. The mechanism will be described below. Since oil is lighter than water, when oil is mixed with water, the oil floats on the water surface and forms an oil film. By the way, when light is irradiated perpendicularly to the liquid surface, part of the light is transmitted and part is reflected, but the reflectance differs depending on the liquid. Generally, the reflectance of the water surface is about 2%. On the other hand, when the oil mixed in the circulating water forms an oil film on the water in still water, the reflectance of the oil film surface is about 5%, and the light transmitted through the oil film is reflected at the interface between the oil film and water. The reflectance is slightly less than 2%, and the total reflectance is less than about 7%. For this reason, there is a difference of about 5% or less in the light reflectance between the case where oil is not mixed in the water and the case where oil is mixed in the water, and the difference in luminous intensity of the reflected light is sufficiently detected by the photoelectric reflectometer. The inventors have found that it is possible to detect oil contamination in water.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for detecting oil mixing in water, wherein the water tank is partitioned from the bottom of the water tank to a predetermined height between the water inlet side tank wall and the water outlet side tank wall in the water tank. Since the partition plate is arranged, the water that has entered the water tank from the water inlet accumulates on the still water tank side up to a predetermined height divided by the constant water level partition plate,
The water overflows and falls from the fixed water level partition plate to the water tank on the water outlet side, and then is discharged from the water outlet. For this reason, the water level in the still water tank portion on the water inlet side of the constant water level partition plate of the water tank is kept constant at a predetermined height divided by the constant water level partition plate. However, in order to maintain a constant water level in the still water tank portion on the water inlet side from the fixed water level partition plate, water stays at the water outlet side of the fixed water level partition plate and the constant water level partition plate Water tank capacity, so that the water level does not exceed the height of
It is necessary to set the ratio of the constant water level partitioning plate between the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the water tank and the amount of water entering and exiting.

[0013] A photoelectric reflector having a light emitting port for irradiating light perpendicular to the water surface above the water surface at a certain height position on the side of the still water tank at a certain water level, and a light receiving port for receiving light reflected from the water surface and detecting reflectance. Since the sensor of the rate meter is installed, the effect of the method for detecting the mixing of oil in water according to claim 1 can be exerted, that is, the luminous intensity of the reflected light resulting from the difference in the reflectance between light of water and oil. By detecting the difference, it is possible to detect mixing of oil into water. At this time, by making the water level at the measurement position constant and keeping the distance from the detection sensor to the observation point constant, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of oil mixing.
In the method for detecting the mixing of oil into water according to the first aspect, since it is necessary to detect a relatively small difference in weak reflected light as described above, the distance between the detection sensor and the water surface is kept constant. This effectively functions to exhibit the above action.

Since the fixed water level partition plate side and the water outlet side have a communication port on the bottom side of the water tank and the oil stop partition plate that is higher than the fixed water level partition plate is attached, Even if oil is mixed, if the oil floats up to the height of the communication port, it is separated by the oil stop partition plate in the still water tank portion on the water inlet side, and the oil flows into the water, and the communication port with water From flowing into the water storage tank. This means that the volume of the still water tank is sufficiently large compared to the amount of water flowing into the still water tank, and
When the height of the communication port is sufficiently low and the area is small, the oil floats on the surface of the water due to the difference in specific gravity during the stagnation for a predetermined time, and the oil that floats and forms an oil film is blocked by the oil stopping partition plate. This is because they cannot flow toward the communication port.
On the other hand, the water flows out from the communication port of the oil stop partition plate to the fixed water level partition plate side, further overflows from the upper end of the fixed water level partition plate to the water outlet side, and is discharged from the water outlet to the circulating water flow path. .

When oil is mixed in the circulating water, an oil film on the water surface is detected by a detection sensor in a still water tank between the water inlet side tank wall of the water tank and the oil stop partition plate to give an alarm. This makes it possible to stop the equipment before a large amount of oil adheres to other heat exchangers or equipment, to investigate the cause of the oil contamination, and to take countermeasures, which is an effective means of preventing a major accident from occurring.

[0016]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a device for detecting mixing of oil into water according to one embodiment, and FIG. 2A is a side view showing a sensor of the device for detecting mixing of oil into water of FIG. FIG. 2B is a front view of the sensor and the mounting state. A device for detecting the mixture of oil in the water (hereinafter, referred to as
It is called "oil detection device". ) Is provided on the flow path of the circulating water for cooling and heating the cooling lubricating oil or the like of the internal combustion engine or the like via the heat exchanger as described above.

As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus for detecting the mixing of oil in water includes a water tank 1, a constant water level partition plate 2 provided inside the water tank 1, an oil stop partition plate 3, and a sensor 4. And so on. The water tank 1 is a bottomed box body including a flat bottom 10 and a tank wall 11 perpendicular to the bottom 10 and has a predetermined capacity and stores water 5 for a predetermined time. In addition, water tank 1
Has a water inlet 6 connected to the upstream side 8 of the circulation channel of the water 5 above the tank wall 11, and the tank wall 11 on the opposite side to the water inlet 6.
Has a water outlet 7 connected to the downstream side 9 of the circulation channel of the water 5. Therefore, the water 5 flowing from the upstream side 8 of the circulation channel flows into the water tank 1 from the water inlet 6, stays for a predetermined time, and then flows out of the water outlet 7 to the downstream side 9 of the circulation channel.

Inside the water tank 1, there is provided a constant water level partition plate 2 for partitioning between the tank wall 11 on the water inlet 6 side and the tank wall 11 on the water outlet 7 side from the bottom 10 to a predetermined height. The constant water level partition plate 2 is in the shape of a flat plate, and is disposed perpendicular to the bottom 10 and parallel to the tank walls 11 on the water inlet 6 side and the water outlet 7 side.
Further, an oil stop partition plate 3 was provided inside the water tank 1 so as to partition the fixed water level partition plate 2 side and the water inlet 6 side except for the vicinity of the bottom 10. That is, the oil stopping partition plate 3 is
It has a predetermined communication port 12 without coming into contact with 0 and reaches the upper part of the water tank 1. The oil stop partition plate 3 is a fixed water level partition plate 2.
Similarly to the above, it is flat and perpendicular to the bottom 10 and parallel to the tank walls 11 on the water inlet 6 side and the water outlet 7 side.

For this reason, the water 5 flowing into the water tank 1 from the water inlet 6 flows between the oil stop partition plate 3 and the bottom 10 to the constant water level partition plate 2 side, and thereafter the constant water level partition plate 2 And flows to the water outlet 7 side, and flows from the water outlet 7 to the downstream side 9 of the flow path. Therefore, the water level of the still water tank A configured on the water inlet 6 side from the fixed water level partition plate 2 of the water tank 1 is maintained at the same level as the height of the upper end of the constant water level partition plate 2. Further, even when oil is mixed in the water 5, when the oil flows into the water tank 1, the oil floats due to a difference in specific gravity and forms an oil film. Does not flow out. As described above, in order to make the water level from the constant water level partition plate 2 to the water inlet 6 side constant and relatively calm, and to form an oil film from the oil stop partition plate 3 to the water inlet 6 side even when oil is mixed, The volume of the portion of the water tank 1 on the side of the water inlet 6 from the oil stop partition plate 3 with respect to the flow rate of the water 5 is sufficiently provided so that the water 5 stays for a predetermined time.
And the constant water level partition plate 2 are installed at an interval such that resistance does not occur. The space between the constant water level partition plate 2 and the tank wall 11 on the water outlet 7 side is defined as a water storage tank B.

A sensor 4 is provided on the water inlet 6 side of the oil stop partition plate 3 above the upper end of the constant water level partition plate 2. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a method of attaching the sensor 4 is to fix the mounting base 13 to the inflow port 6 side of the oil stop partition plate 3, and to attach the mounting base 13 to an L-shaped section. A plate-shaped bracket 14 bent so as to have a shape is provided with a bolt 15 and a nut 1
6 and protruded. However, the bolt holes 18 through which the bolts 15 of the bracket 14 pass are lengthened up and down, so that the position of the bracket 14 and thus the sensor 4 attached to the bracket 14 can be moved up and down within a very small range in accordance with the water surface. The adapter 19 is fixed to the socket 17 with the bolts 18 such that the adapter 19 faces vertically downward. The adapter 19 held the tip of the optical fiber cable 21 vertically downward. The sensor 4 includes a light projecting unit that can irradiate light of a predetermined wavelength (not shown) and a light receiving unit that receives reflected light of the light, and is connected to an amplifier of a photoelectric reflectometer by a flexible cable 22 passing through an optical fiber cable 21. I have. Further, a cylindrical cover 23 having a large number of holes on the side surface is protrudingly provided on the lower surface of the bracket 14,
Intrusion of dust and the like into the tip of the optical fiber cable 21 is prevented.

The two-dot chain line indicates the optical fiber cable 21
The bracket 14 is moved up and down and fixed so that the line of the reference water surface 24 and the water surface of the still water tank A coincide with each other. When the sensor 4 is operated in this state, the difference between the reflectance of about 2% when the oil is not mixed into the water 5 and the reflectance of about 7% when the oil is mixed is detected as described above. Thus, the mixing of oil can be detected.

When used on a ship, the water surface of the water tank 1 fluctuates due to the movement of the ship, but since the tip of the sensor does not use electricity with an optical fiber cable, there is no danger of short-circuiting even if it gets wet with water, and there is no problem. . Adapter 1
9 is fixed with four bolts 20 so that it can be removed from the bracket 14 by removing the four bolts 20, and the optical fiber cable 21 can be cleaned and inspected.

[0023]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention are shown in the following table. The photoelectric reflectometer used in the examples is a fiber unit: E32-
D51 is connected to the amplifier unit: E3X-NH11,
Further, it was configured by connecting to a sensor controller: S3D2-CK (trade name of OMRON Corporation). On the other hand, prepare a white paper container and a black paper container inside the container,
Water was poured into these paper containers, and heavy oil A, lubricating oil, salad oil, and oil-based ink were dropped into the water with a dropper to form an oil film. Table 1 shows the result of measuring a paper container having a white inner surface in a room with illumination. Table 2 shows the results obtained by measuring a paper container having a black inner surface in a room with illumination. Table 3 shows the results obtained by measuring a paper container having a white inner surface in a dark place. The distance at the left end of each table indicates the distance from the liquid surface to the tip of the sensor. ○ indicates the detection, ×
Indicates that it could not be detected. The oil-based ink could not form an oil film owing to the surfactant.

[0024]

[Table 1]

[0025]

[Table 2]

[0026]

[Table 3]

As a result, no difference was found in the detection ability in any case even when the inner surface of the container was whitened or blackened. In addition, no difference was observed between the room lighting and the dark place. When the distance from the sensor tip to the liquid surface was 15 mm, the presence of an oil film could not be detected in any case. However, when the distance from the sensor to the liquid surface was 10 mm or 5 mm, heavy oil A, lubricating oil, and salad oil were used. Both could be detected. The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the method and apparatus for detecting mixing of oil into water according to the present invention are not limited to this. For example, although the position of the tip of the optical fiber cable 19 is provided at a position 5 mm or 10 mm from the water surface, it goes without saying that the interval can be appropriately changed according to the capability of the sensor 4.

[0028]

As described above, according to the method for detecting the incorporation of oil into water according to the present invention, the reflectance of the liquid surface when no oil is incorporated and the oil are mixed to form an oil film. By detecting a slight difference in the reflectance of the liquid surface in such a case, it is possible to detect oil mixed in the water. For this reason, water circulated or fluidized for the purpose of cooling and heating in equipment such as factory equipment, power generation internal combustion engines, and ships and the like as described above,
By using the method for detecting oil contamination in water according to the present invention for condensing steam boilers, oil contamination can be easily and reliably detected, and unexpected accidents due to overheating and the like are prevented beforehand. be able to. In addition, the water mixed with oil can be used repeatedly as circulating water by removing the oil content by an oil-water separator, and because the oil content can be removed, the pollution of factory wastewater and the like by disposal is prevented,
Contribute to nature conservation.

According to the apparatus for detecting oil contamination in water according to the present invention, a method for detecting oil contamination in water can be implemented, the water level is kept constant by a constant water level partition plate, and measurement is performed from a sensor. By making the distance to the position constant, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy of oil mixing. Therefore, even if a small amount of oil is mixed in, detection becomes possible, and the mixed oil flows,
It is possible to avoid the inconvenience of circulating and adhering to the pipe wall such as the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger and the disposal of oil-mixed water.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a device for detecting mixing of oil into water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 (a) is a side view showing a sensor of the device for detecting mixing of oil in water shown in FIG. 1 and a mounting state thereof, and FIG. 2 (b) is a front view of the sensor and the mounting state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water tank 2 partition plate for constant water level 3 partition plate for oil stop 4 sensor 5 water 6 water inlet 7 water outlet 8 upstream side of circulation channel 9 downstream side of circulation channel 10 bottom 11 tank wall 12 communication port 13 mounting stand 14 bracket 15 Bolt 16 Nut 17 Socket 18 Bolt hole 19 Adapter 20 Bolt 21 Optical fiber cable 22 Flexible tube 23 Cover 24 Reference water surface A Still water tank B Water tank

Claims (2)

[Claims] In a still water tank in which water mixed with oil flows in to form an oil film on the water surface by floating of oil, a sensor of a photoelectric reflectometer attached at a certain height above the water surface of the still water tank detects the water surface. Irradiates light with a constant luminous intensity perpendicular to the surface and receives the reflected light to measure the reflectance. Based on the difference between the reflectance from water and the reflectance from the oil film surface, the oil How to detect contamination. 2. A water tank having a water tank having a water inlet and a water outlet facing each other, and a water tank for partitioning the water tank from the bottom of the water tank to a predetermined height between the water inlet side tank wall and the water outlet side tank wall in the water tank. A partition plate is provided, and an oil stop partition plate having a communication port on the bottom side of the water tank between the constant water level partition plate and the water inlet side tank wall and having a height higher than the constant water level partition plate is provided. An oil separation tank is provided between the oil stop partition plate and the water inlet side tank wall, and a water storage tank is provided between the constant water level partition plate and the water outlet side tank wall. Above the water surface on the aquarium side, a photoreflectometer sensor with a light emitting port for irradiating light perpendicular to the water surface and a light receiving port for receiving the reflected light from the water surface and detecting the reflectance was installed. A device for detecting mixing of oil into water.