JPH10220547A - Motion converting mechanism of low vibration, internal combustion engine and reciprocating compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reciprocating engine of low vibration with reduced friction and wear of a piston and a cylinder by providing a part put in reciprocating linear motion and two circularly moving parts with equal moment of inertia, and making these two circular motion retrorse to each other and equal in speed. SOLUTION: Two connecting bars 1a, 1b for converting reciprocating motion of a piston 3 into circular motion of two shafts 6a, 6b through cranks 5a, 5b are connected to the lower end of a bar 2 by joints 11a, 11b. Two shafts 6a, 6b are rotated at the same rotating speed in reverse directions by gears 7a, 7b meshed with each other. The cranks 5a, 5b put in circular motion are integrally provided with two eccentric weights 9a, 9b of equal weight at the opposite side end parts to the connected side of the connecting bars 1a, 1b, and the positions and weight are adjusted so as to offset acceleration of the piston 3 or the like. Vibration caused by acceleration of the piston 3 or the like is therefore prevented, and friction and wear of a cylinder and the piston are reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motion conversion mechanism for converting reciprocating linear motion and circular motion with less vibration, and an internal combustion engine and a reciprocating type using the motion conversion mechanism which generate less vibration and have less friction between cylinder and piston. Related to compressors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Converting a reciprocating linear motion and a circular motion is widely and commonly used at present. In particular, it is used essentially for internal combustion engines, reciprocating pumps or compressors. In the case of an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, the expansion of gas caused by the combustion of fuel is converted into linear kinetic energy by a cylinder and a piston.
This linear motion is further converted into a circular motion by a motion conversion mechanism. Conversely, in the case of a reciprocating pump or compressor, a circular motion is converted into a reciprocating linear motion by a motion conversion mechanism, thereby transporting and compressing a fluid.

Particularly serious problems in internal combustion engines and reciprocating compressors are large vibrations during operation, and large friction and wear between the piston and the cylinder. In order to reduce this vibration, generally, four cylinders, six cylinders, V8
Although multiple cylinders such as cylinders are used, the structure becomes complicated and the weight increases. Also, in order to prevent friction and wear between the piston and the cylinder, great efforts must be made in the material and lubrication.

The inventor of the present invention has found that this vibration, friction and wear are
The present invention has been achieved by paying attention to the fact that it is caused by the conventional method of converting reciprocating linear motion and circular motion. Hereinafter, the problems caused by the conventional motion conversion mechanism will be described by taking an internal combustion engine as an example.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional internal combustion engine. Now, when the fuel burns and the combustion gas tries to push down the piston as indicated by the black arrow, a force indicated by a white arrow is generated from the piston to the cylinder. The lateral force of the white arrow is proportional to the torque that the linear motion gives to the circular motion. Taking a 4-cycle engine as an example, the force of this large white arrow is applied only during combustion and gas expansion during one cycle,
Rather, a small reverse force is applied during exhaust. Such a fluctuation of the lateral force within one cycle, in other words, a fluctuation of the torque is a major cause of the lateral vibration of the engine.

Another cause of the vibration is a change in acceleration caused by the periodic reciprocating linear motion of the piston and the connecting rod (hereinafter referred to as "piston etc.") generated by converting the linear motion into the rotary motion. Causes longitudinal vibration of the engine.

Further, the friction and wear between the piston and the cylinder caused by the lateral force described above are particularly serious in a diesel engine having a large torque. Select the material of the cylinder and piston to withstand this lateral force,
The shape must be devised and advanced lubrication applied.

[0008] In a reciprocating compressor as well, the same problem can be evident only by converting a circular motion into a reciprocating linear motion, if the input side and the output side in FIG. 1 are reversed.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves these many problems of the conventional motion conversion mechanism.
Provides a new reciprocating linear motion and circular motion conversion mechanism,
An object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine, a reciprocating compressor, and the like, which make use of this and have less vibration and less friction and wear of a piston and a cylinder.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned lateral force by providing a reciprocating linearly moving part having two equal connecting moments by two connecting rods. Consisting of two circular motions,
This is achieved by using a motion conversion mechanism that converts a reciprocating linear motion and a circular motion, wherein the two circular motions are at opposite constant speeds.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent vibration due to a change in acceleration of a piston or the like by using a mechanism obtained by slightly modifying the mechanism of the present invention, that is, by using a mechanism of the present invention.
It has two eccentric weights rotating with two circularly moving parts, and the acceleration of the component parallel to the reciprocating linear motion of these eccentric weights cancels the acceleration of the reciprocating linear motion, and the acceleration of the component perpendicular to the reciprocating linear motion is This is achieved by using a motion conversion mechanism that has been modified to cancel with two eccentric weights.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram of a main part of the internal combustion engine of the present invention. 1
0 is a joint connecting the piston and the rod 2, and 11 is a joint.
Reference numerals a, 11b, 12a, and 12b denote joints that can freely rotate around pins. 1a and 1b are connecting rods for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston 3 into a circular motion of the two shafts 6a and 6b. Reference numeral 2 denotes a rod for lowering the position of movement of the piston to prevent the connecting rod 1a1b from hitting the cylinder 4. The two shafts 6a, 6b rotate in opposite directions at the same rotational speed by gears 7a, 7b meshing with each other and have the same moment of inertia. FIG. 3 is a view of the internal combustion engine of the present invention viewed from below.
a, 16b represent flywheels, 14a, 14b, 15a,
Reference numeral 15b denotes a bearing for the shafts 6a and 6b. The motion conversion mechanism of the present invention includes a piston 3, a rod 2, two connecting rods 1a, 1b, a circular crank 5,
a, 5b, gears 7a, 7b for adjusting the circular motion, and flywheels 16a, 16b for giving an appropriate moment of inertia.

When this engine is operated, FIG.
Obviously, the pressure of the combustion gas shown by the black arrow in the middle does not exert the force of the horizontal white arrow shown in the conventional internal combustion engine of FIG. 1 at all. Whatever torque is applied to the shafts 6a and 6b, a force is applied between the gears 7a and 7b, but no force is applied between the cylinder and the piston.

The mechanism for connecting the piston 3 and the crank 5 will be described in more detail. First, the joint 10 may be a fixed connection between the piston 3 and the rod 2. However, when the left and right balance is slightly out of order due to some accident or the like, it is more difficult for the piston to rotate the joint 10 around the pin. There is an advantage that it does not give any force. However, if the joint 10 is rotatable, the joints 11a and 11b may move laterally and impair the function of the engine of the present invention. This lateral movement is caused by the connecting rods 1a, 1a
b, the length of the rod 2, and the geometrical relationship between the centers of the joints 11a and 11b, and the joints 12a and 12b. It can be prevented by taking as wide as necessary than the center-to-center distance.

Another method of preventing the joints 11a, 11b from moving laterally when the joint 10 is rotatable about pins is the joint 11a, 11b.
a, 11b and the left and right symmetry of the movement of the connecting rods 1a, 1b are to be more secure. For example, joint 11
The gears having the same shape are arranged at a and 11b, and the gears are meshed with each other to ensure the left-right symmetry and prevent the movement in the lateral direction. For example, by providing teeth that mesh with each other on the mutually facing surfaces of the joints 11a and 11b, the left-right symmetry of the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention can be more reliably achieved, and lateral movement can be prevented.

Alternatively, it is possible to provide a device for holding the rod 2 regardless of whether the joint 10 is rotatable or not. The joints 11a and 11b may be integrated instead of being divided into two. In this case, even if the joint 10 is rotatable, the joint 11 does not move in the lateral direction. However, as shown in FIG.
The structure is slightly complicated to prevent the torsional force from acting on the piston 3.

If the joint 10 is fixed,
When a holding device is provided on the rod 2, a rotatable joint 13 is fixed between the rod 2 and the joints 11a and 11b as shown in FIG.
May be provided.

When the connecting rods 1a and 1b do not hit the cylinder, it is not necessary to use the rod 2, and the joint 11 is directly connected to the piston as shown in FIG. It may be attached to.

Further, the meaning of two connecting rods means that two sets of connecting rods having the same function are provided, for example, as shown in FIG.
Each connecting rod may be divided into two and have the same function as the connecting rod 1b of (c).

Although the flywheels 16a and 16b are provided in FIG. 3, the weight of the gears 7a and 7b may be increased and these may be used also as the flywheel.

By mounting two eccentric weights 9a, 9b of equal weight on the shafts 6a, 6b with their positions and weights adjusted so as to offset the acceleration of the piston, etc., vibrations due to acceleration of the piston, etc. can be prevented. it can. Even in the conventional internal combustion engine as shown in FIG. 1, the vertical acceleration of the piston or the like can be offset by such an eccentric weight. In a conventional internal combustion engine, generally, a compensating weight for compensating for the eccentric motion of the crank and the connecting rod as shown in FIG. 1 is provided to compensate for the eccentric motion of the crank and the like. However, if an eccentric weight such as 9 in FIG. 1 for compensating the vertical acceleration of the piston or the like is further provided, the vertical acceleration can be compensated, but a lateral acceleration newly occurs due to the eccentric weight.
This causes a new vibration. In the case of the present invention, the movement of both eccentric weights is mirror-symmetric with respect to the plane of symmetry of the engine of the present invention, so that the lateral accelerations cancel each other out, so that it is possible to prevent the vertical vibration without generating the lateral vibration. it can.

Strictly speaking, however, the vertical movement of the center of gravity of the piston or the like deviates from a sinusoidal curve with time as the length of the connecting rods 1a and 1b is shorter, while the vertical movement component of the eccentric weight is Since they draw a sinusoidal curve with respect to time, they do not completely compensate each other. However, the eccentric weight can still offset most of the vertical vibration. The eccentric weight does not need to be directly attached to the crank part, but may be attached to another place such as a flywheel.

In the case where two sets of cylinders and pistons are provided, each of which has the same period and rotates two shafts having the same rotational speed in opposite directions, the structure is complicated but falls within the scope of the present invention. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the period of the force applied to the piston accurately.

An internal combustion engine using the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention,
It goes without saying that the reciprocating compressor or the like may be multi-cylinder along the axis to further suppress vibration.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of an internal combustion engine and a reciprocating compressor to which the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention is applied will be described below. A method of using the internal combustion engine to which the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention is applied with the least vibration is to obtain equal power from the two shafts 6a and 6b. However, in this case, both power receiving sides must have the same moment of inertia.
In this case, similar to when the internal combustion engine is idling,
No force is theoretically applied between the gears 7a and 7b that mesh with each other. Such a use example will be described in the following embodiments.

2 and 3 described in the section of the embodiment of the present invention are examples of the most typical internal combustion engine using the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention. The vibration during operation of this internal combustion engine is less than that of the conventional engine, and the friction and wear of the piston and cylinder are less.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention is used in a ship engine. Shaft 6 of engine 18
a, 6b to the clutch / rotational direction changing devices 19a, 19
b through the universal joints 20a, 21a, 2a
0b, 21b and two screws 22a, 22
It turns b. By operating two symmetric, identical screws directly on the two shafts of the engine, operation with less vibration can be achieved.

FIG. 6 shows an internal combustion engine having a structure similar to that of FIG. 2, in which a gear pump 23 having the same center distance is mounted on the shafts 6a and 6b instead of the gears 7a and 7b of FIG. The gear pump rotates the shafts 6a and 6b in opposite directions and at the same speed, and converts engine power into hydraulic energy.

FIG. 7 shows that the hydraulic pumps 24a, 24b of the same capacity are rotated on the shafts 6a, 6b of the internal combustion engine of FIG. 2, and that the same torque is applied to both shafts with the outlet and the inlet of each pump being common. This is an example.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which two generators 25a, 25b of the same capacity are turned around the shafts 6a, 6b of the internal combustion engine of FIG.

On the other hand, when power is taken out from only one shaft of the internal combustion engine of the present invention, or when unequal power is taken out from both shafts, a force is applied between the gears meshing with each other. If the moment of inertia on the power receiving side is not sufficiently small compared to the moment of inertia of the rotating parts about the two shafts of the internal combustion engine, the force applied between the gears will follow the torque pulsation generated by the internal combustion engine. And this produces vibrations in the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine, i.e., sideways. To prevent this, the following method can be used.

One method is to attach a flywheel having an inertia moment equal to the moment of inertia of the power receiving side to a shaft other than the output shaft. That is, as a whole, both axes have the same moment of inertia. Such an embodiment will be described below.

FIG. 9 shows one output shaft 6 of the internal combustion engine of FIG.
In this example, a generator 25 is rotated by a, and a flywheel 17 having a moment of inertia equal to the moment of inertia of a rotor of the generator is attached to the other shaft 6b. In this case, a force is applied between the two gears according to the power consumption.

Another method is to provide a damping device, such as a spring, between the output shaft and the power receiving shaft, which is capable of absorbing the pulsation of the rotation speed of the output shaft resulting from the pulsation of the torque of the internal combustion engine. It is to provide. By doing so, vibration as a reaction of the pulsation of the rotation speed can be suppressed. In this case as well, a force is applied to both gears according to the power consumption.

FIG. 10 shows one output shaft 6 of the internal combustion engine of FIG.
This shows an example of use in which power is taken out from a through the shock absorber 26.

FIG. 11 is a view showing an embodiment of a two-stroke engine using the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention. The two-stroke engine of the present invention is characterized by a rod 2 at the bottom of the cylinder.
Is provided and a gas pre-compression chamber 29 is provided. Airtightness is maintained between the rod 2 and the wall 27, and it is desirable that the cross section of the rod 2 be circular in order to maintain airtightness. This two-stroke engine differs from a conventional two-stroke engine in that the compression chamber 29 is separated from structural parts such as a connecting rod and a crank, and the volume thereof can be freely changed. Can be adjusted. Also, the structure can be freely designed and lubricated. Further, a high compression ratio can be easily obtained because no lateral force is generated between the piston and the cylinder, and the fuel injection nozzle 33 is preferably used for a two-cycle diesel engine. This type of two-stroke engine is applicable as long as the rod 2 connected to the piston has a motion conversion mechanism that does not move sideways, but especially when the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention is used, vibration can be significantly reduced at the same time. it can.

FIG. 12 shows a reciprocating compressor using the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention through the clutches 19a and 19b by the internal combustion engine 18 using the motion conversion mechanism of the present invention to operate the compressor with less vibration and less wear. This is a working example. Speaking of this example only, gears and flywheels that rotate both shafts in opposite directions and at the same rotational speed can be installed only in the engine, and the gears and flywheels of the compressor can be omitted. In this case, the cylinder diameter of the compressor is larger than the cylinder diameter of the engine, but the stroke is the same.

[0038]

The motion conversion mechanism of the present invention converts a reciprocating linear motion and a rotary motion smoothly, and is used for an internal combustion engine or a reciprocating compressor to reduce vibrations and reduce friction and wear of cylinders and pistons. can do. Further, it can be applied to a more efficient two-stroke engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional internal combustion engine.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an internal combustion engine.

FIG. 3 is a view of the internal combustion engine of FIG. 2 as viewed from below.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment of a mechanism for connecting a piston and a crank.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an embodiment of a marine engine.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment of an internal combustion engine in which a gear pump is mounted on a shaft instead of a gear.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an internal combustion engine that rotates two pumps of the same capacity.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an internal combustion engine that rotates two generators of the same capacity.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an internal combustion engine having a flywheel that rotates one generator.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an internal combustion engine that extracts power from one output shaft through a shock absorber.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a two-cycle engine.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a reciprocating compressor is operated by an internal combustion engine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b Connecting rod 2 Rod 3 Piston 4 Cylinder 5, 5a, 5b Crank 6, 6a, 6b Shaft 7a, 7b Gear 8 Compensating weight 9, 9a, 9b Eccentric weight 10 Joint 11, 11a, 11b, 12, 12a , 12b, 13
Joints 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b freely rotating around pins Bearings 16a, 16b, 17 Flywheels 18 Internal combustion engines 19a, 19b Clutch and rotation direction change devices 20a, 20b, 21a, 21b Universal joints 22a, 22b Screws 23 Gear pumps 24a , 24b Hydraulic pump 25, 25a, 25b Generator 26 Shock absorber 27 Wall 28 Seal 29 Precompression chamber 30 Exhaust pipe 31 Suction pipe 32 Gas introduction passage 33 Fuel injection device 34 Gas compressor

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A reciprocating linear motion and two circular motions connected by two connecting rods having equal moments of inertia. The two circular motions have opposite constant velocities. A motion conversion mechanism that converts reciprocating linear motion and circular motion. 2. Rotation 2 with two circularly moving parts
Two eccentric weights, the acceleration of the component parallel to the reciprocating linear motion of these eccentric weights cancels the acceleration of the reciprocating linear motion, and the acceleration of the component perpendicular to the reciprocating linear motion cancels the acceleration of the two eccentric weights. The motion conversion mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: 3. An internal combustion engine having the motion conversion mechanism according to claim 1. 4. A reciprocating compressor having the motion conversion mechanism according to claim 1.