JPH10219532A - Polyester-based combined filament yarn different in shrinkage of yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a combined filament yarn different in shrinkage of yarn capable of providing a fabric excellent in hygroscopic property and light resistance and having swelling feeling by constituting the yarn of specific polyester-based conjugated yarns, etc., and weaving or knitting the yarns and subjecting the resultant fabric to weight- reducing treatment by alkali. SOLUTION: This polyester-based combined filament yarn different in shrinkage is composed of plural yarns in which single yarn constituting one or more yarns has hygroscopic property. The combined filament yarn has a three layer structure composed of a core layer comprising a thermoplastic resin 3 such as a polyalkylene terephthalate containing 10-50wt.% polyalkylene glycol having 2,000 to 20,000 average molecular weight, a sheath layer comprising an readily alkali-soluble resin 1, and an intermediate layer comprising a polyester resin 2 which is more slightly soluble in alkali than the sheath layer and arranged in the intermediate between the core layer and the sheath layer and satisfies the formula SA<=50 and the formula SA-SB>=5 [SA is boiling water shrinkage factor (%) of the highest shrinkage yarn in combined filament yarn and SB is boiling water shrinkage factor (%) of the lowest yarn in combined filament yarn].

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hetero-shrink mixed yarn which is knitted and woven and subjected to an alkali weight reduction treatment to give a fabric having excellent hygroscopicity (and light resistance) and a swelling feeling. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polyester fibers represented by polyethylene terephthalate fibers have excellent mechanical and chemical properties and are used in a wide range of fields. However, since such polyester fibers are hydrophobic, their hygroscopicity is remarkably inferior to natural fibers, and their use in fields where hygroscopicity is required is greatly restricted.

Conventionally, various attempts have been made to impart hydrophilicity or hygroscopicity to polyester fibers. For example, a polyalkylene glycol or a hydrophilizing agent such as a polyalkylene glycol and a metal sulfonic acid derivative is polymerized or spun. Sometimes blended polyester fibers have been proposed. However, these hydrophilizing agents, particularly polyalkylene glycols, have an ether bond, and therefore have a very poor light resistance and cannot be used depending on the application.

[0004] In order to solve this problem, conjugate fibers using a polymer containing a hydrophilizing agent as a core component have been proposed. By using a polymer containing a hydrophilizing agent as the core component, a certain effect can be recognized in light resistance.
However, when a general alkali weight reduction treatment is performed to improve the texture, the polyalkylene glycol absorbs water and undergoes alkali decomposition to expand the core. Cracks occur, and the moisture-absorbing component in the core having high alkali solubility is eluted.

[0005] The present inventors have solved the problem of sheath cracking by providing a core layer made of a thermoplastic resin having hygroscopicity, a sheath layer made of an alkali-soluble resin, and an intermediate layer between the core layer and the sheath layer. A polyester composite yarn having a three-layer structure of an intermediate layer made of a polyester resin which is less soluble in alkali than the sheath layer is proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-215289).

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a knitting and weaving method using at least a part of a polyester composite yarn having a three-layer structure as described above, which has no problem of cracking of the fiber surface due to alkali weight reduction treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a different shrinkage mixed fiber which is excellent in hygroscopicity (and light resistance) and has a swelling feeling by alkali reduction treatment.

[0007]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the gist thereof is as follows. Polyester hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber yarn composed of a plurality of yarns,
The single yarn constituting at least one of the plurality of yarns is disposed between the core layer made of a thermoplastic resin having hygroscopicity, the sheath layer made of an alkali-soluble resin, and the core layer and the sheath layer. A hetero-shrink mixed yarn comprising a polyester-based composite yarn having a three-layer structure of an intermediate layer made of a polyester resin which is less soluble in alkali than the sheath layer, and satisfying the following formulas (1) to (4). SA ≦ 50 SA−SB ≧ 5 Here, SA indicates the boiling water shrinkage (%) of the highest shrinkable yarn in the mixed fiber, and SB indicates the boiling water shrinkage (%) of the lowest shrinkable yarn in the mixed yarn.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the present invention, a polyester-based composite yarn having a specific three-layer structure as described above is used as at least one of a plurality of yarns constituting the mixed fiber yarn.

In the polyester composite yarn having a three-layer structure, the moisture-absorptive thermoplastic resin constituting the core layer is a polyalkylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000, 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 15 to 35% by weight. Polyalkylene terephthalate in which the amount of polyalkylene terephthalate is contained by weight is very high because it exhibits extremely high hygroscopicity, has good spinning and drawing properties, and is advantageous in terms of cost. (In addition,
The “polyalkylene glycol” includes those having a terminal etherified or esterified. If the molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is too small, sufficient hygroscopicity is not exhibited, and if it is too large, the operability during spinning is remarkably reduced, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the content of the polyalkylene glycol is small, sufficient hygroscopicity is not exhibited, and if it is too large, the operability is remarkably reduced, which is not preferable. In addition, when a compound having a sulfonic acid group such as 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is copolymerized, the hygroscopicity can be further improved. In this case, the amount of the copolymer component is desirably 10 mol% or less of the total acid components. If the amount of the copolymer component is too large, the spinnability deteriorates.

As the polyester forming the intermediate layer, polyalkylene terephthalate, specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate are preferable. The polyalkylene terephthalate may contain a small amount of a copolymer component as long as the alkali solubility is not so large. Examples of the copolymer component include 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid. Aromatic dicarboxylic acid component such as acid, adipic acid, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component such as sebacic acid, diethylene glycol,
Examples include diol components such as propylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, pentaerythritol, alkylene oxide adducts of bisphenol A and bisphenol S, and hydroxycarboxylic acid components such as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and ε-caprolactone.

The sheath layer is eluted and removed by an alkali weight reduction treatment, and the alkali-soluble resin constituting the sheath layer preferably has a dissolution rate in alkali at least twice as high as that of the polyester in the intermediate layer. . Specific examples of such an alkali-soluble resin include metal sulfonates such as 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid.
Copolymerized PET obtained by copolymerizing 5 mol% or more, and copolymerized PET obtained by copolymerizing a metal sulfonate and a polyalkylene glycol are exemplified.

In the three-layer composite yarn, the ratio between the core layer and the intermediate layer is desirably in the range of 15/85 to 85/15 by volume. If the ratio of the core layer is smaller than this, the hygroscopicity is inferior. On the other hand, if the ratio of the intermediate layer is smaller than this, cracks occur in the intermediate layer during alkali reduction treatment, which is not preferable.

On the other hand, the ratio of the sheath layer is desirably in the range of 30 to 10% by volume of the whole fiber. Since the sheath layer is to be eluted and removed by the alkali weight reduction treatment, if this ratio is too large, the cost increases, which is not preferable. On the other hand, the alkali weight reduction treatment is intended to improve the texture of the fabric. Generally, a weight loss of about 20% by weight is effective. If the ratio of the sheath layer is too small, the alkali weight loss is not affected without affecting the intermediate layer and the core layer. Processing cannot be performed.

Further, in the three-layer composite yarn, the intermediate layer and / or the core layer contains particles (light-fasting agent particles) composed of cerium oxide and talc or cerium oxide and silica, the surfaces of which are coated with amorphous silica. This is preferable because light resistance can be improved. As such light stabilizer particles, those having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 3.0 μm are preferable, and those commercially available from Nippon Inorganic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. under the trade name of “Serigard” can be used.

The amount of the light stabilizer particles to be added is suitably 0.05 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the resin of the core layer or the intermediate layer. If the amount is less than 0.05% by weight, excellent light resistance cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, the particles tend to agglomerate, deteriorating the spinning operability and deteriorating the color of the yarn.

The composite form of the composite yarn may be any of a concentric type, an eccentric type, and a multifilament type as long as the intermediate layer is not cracked by the alkali weight reduction treatment. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber may be an irregular cross-section such as triangular, flat, or multi-leaf type in addition to the circular shape. Further, a hollow portion can be provided inside the core layer.

The drawing is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-layer composite yarn ((a) in each drawing) and a two-layer composite yarn ((b) in each drawing) obtained by subjecting it to an alkali reduction treatment. 1 shows an example of a concentric type, FIG. 2 shows an example of an eccentric type, and FIG. 3 shows an example of a multi-core type. In the drawings, 1 denotes an alkali-soluble resin (sheath layer), 2 denotes a polyester resin (intermediate layer), and 3 denotes a thermoplastic resin (core layer) having hygroscopicity.

The mixed fiber of the present invention is constituted by using the above-described three-layer composite yarn in an amount of 20% by weight or more, preferably 40% by weight or more. The proportion of the three-layer composite yarn may be appropriately selected according to the required degree of hygroscopicity, drape, dryness and the like. When other yarns are mixed, as the yarns, ordinary polyester fiber yarns, for example, PET fiber yarns, copolymerized PET fiber yarns containing a copolymerization component for improving dyeability and the like are used. Used.

It is necessary that the mixed fiber of the present invention satisfies the above formulas. That is, the boiling water shrinkage ratio SA of the highest shrinkable yarn must be 50% or less, and the difference between SA and the boiling water shrinkage ratio SB of the lowest shrinkable yarn must be 5% or more. When the SA is 50% or more, when the fabric is formed, the texture becomes hard, which is not preferable. If the difference between SA and SB is less than 5%, a fabric having a sufficient swelling feeling cannot be obtained.

The ratio of the maximum shrinkage yarn to the minimum shrinkage yarn is 1/9 to 9/1, preferably 3/7 to 7 / by weight ratio.
It is appropriate to set it to 3, and it is desirable that the total of both yarns is 50% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight or more of the mixed fiber. Then, within these ranges, these ratios may be appropriately selected according to the required degree of swelling. When the intermediate shrinkage yarn is present, its boiling water shrinkage is not particularly limited.

Next, a method for producing the different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn of the present invention will be described. The hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber of the present invention has the 3
It can be manufactured by using a layered composite yarn and, if necessary, a normal polyester fiber yarn, and mixing yarn having a predetermined boiling water shrinkage ratio. Then, it can be manufactured efficiently.

That is, first, the above-described three-layer composite yarn is melt-spun by a conventional method, and an undrawn yarn is wound.
Next, the undrawn yarns composed of the three-layered composite yarn or the undrawn yarns composed of the three-layered composite yarn and the undrawn yarn composed of a normal polyester fiber yarn obtained by a conventional melt spinning are simultaneously drawn. The unstretched yarns are supplied to a machine, stretched and heat-treated under different heat treatment conditions, and then mixed to obtain a different shrink mixed yarn. The method of fiber mixing is not particularly limited, and may be aligned, but a method of performing fiber entanglement and mixing the fibers is preferable.

The hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber of the present invention is subjected to false twisting and twisting as required, and then knitted and woven into a fabric, which is subjected to an alkali weight reduction treatment. When the alkali weight loss treatment,
The three-layered composite yarn has the sheath layer eluted and removed, and becomes a two-layered composite yarn having excellent hygroscopicity. Thus, a fabric having hygroscopicity can be obtained. The composite yarn having a three-layer structure has only the sheath portion reduced even when subjected to alkali weight reduction treatment, and the moisture-absorbing component swells and does not crack, so that the moisture-absorbing component is retained in the yarn, and the fabric has excellent moisture absorption. Becomes

The alkali weight reduction treatment may be performed using an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in accordance with a conventional method for alkali weight reduction processing of polyester fibers.

Further, when heat treatment is performed in the steps of scouring, alkali reduction treatment, dyeing, etc., the yarn made of the different shrinkage mixed yarns causes a difference in yarn length due to a difference in shrinkage. Is formed, and a swelling feeling and a lightweight feeling are imparted to the fabric.

[0026]

Next, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples. The methods for measuring and evaluating characteristic values and the like in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows. (1) Intrinsic viscosity ([η]) Measured at a temperature of 20 ° C. using an equal weight mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent. (2) Alkali solubility 5 g of polymer at 70 ° C. with a 20% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
The weight loss rate obtained from the change in weight when treated for 2 hours was used as an index. (3) Boiling water shrinkage ratio Different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn is pulled out from the package, divided into high shrinkage yarn and low shrinkage yarn, and skeined with a measuring machine.
The yarn length L ₀ is measured under a load of 1/30 g / d, then immersed in boiling water under no load for 30 minutes to shrink the yarn, air-dried, and then again under a load of 1/30 g / d. in the length L ₁ after shrinkage was measured to calculate the boiling water shrinkage percentage by the following equation. Boiling water shrinkage (%) = [(L ₀ −L ₁ ) / L ₀ ] × 100 (4) Evaluation of cracks on fiber surface The woven fabric is disassembled to take out the composite yarn, and the fiber cross section is sampled into a flaky shape, and the microscope is used. The presence or absence of cracks was observed for each single yarn, and the following criteria were used to evaluate the ratio of the number of single yarns having cracks. ：: 0%, △: less than 15%, ×: 15% or more (5) Feeling of swelling The woven fabric after the finishing set was evaluated by the following three grades. ：: extremely good, Δ: good, ×: bad (6) Light fastness The light fastness of dyeing was measured according to JIS L-0841-74. (7) Hygroscopicity The woven fabric is conditioned at 25 ° C. and 60% RH, and the weight W ₀ is measured.
Next, the woven fabric is dried at 80 ° C. for 6 hours under a reduced pressure of 2 Torr, left in a thermo-hygrostat set at 34 ° C. × 90% RH for 6 hours, and the weight W ₁ is measured. Then, the moisture absorption rate is calculated by the following equation. Moisture absorption (%) = [(W ₁ −W ₀ ) / W ₀ ] × 100

Reference Example 1 A slurry of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol at a molar ratio of 1 / 1.6 was continuously supplied to an esterification reactor in which bis (β-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and its oligomer were present, and the mixture was heated at normal pressure and temperature. The esterification reaction was carried out at 250 ° C. with a residence time of 6 hours, and an esterification product having an average degree of polymerization of 7.5 was continuously obtained. To 36.3 kg of this esterified product, 15.0 kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG) having an average molecular weight of 8500 was added and mixed by stirring for 30 minutes, and then a 10% by weight ethylene glycol solution of "Serigard T-3018" was added.
1.3 kg, 0.5 kg of a solution of 4 × 10 ^-4 mol of antimony trioxide and sodium acetate in a 5% by weight ethylene glycol solution per mol of the total acid component were added, and then 0.5 mol% of 5-sodium sulfo acid was added to the total acid component. Ethylene glycol ester of isophthalic acid (SIP) was added, the pressure was gradually reduced, and finally polycondensation was performed at a pressure of 0.5 torr and a temperature of 270 ° C. for 3 hours. "Serigard T-3018" is a trade name of Nippon Inorganic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., in which particles made of cerium oxide and talc are coated with amorphous silica.
The weight ratio of cerium oxide: talc: amorphous silica is 30: 5
2:18. The obtained polyester (referred to as polymer A) had a good color tone, and [η] was 0.83.
Table 1 shows the characteristic values of the polymer A and the like.

Reference Examples 2 to 8 Polyester was prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the molecular weight and the amount of PEG, the amount of SIP added, and the amount of “Serigard T-3018” were changed to the values shown in Table 1. (Polymer B ~
H). Table 1 shows the characteristic values of the polymers B to H.
Shown in

[0029]

[Table 1]

Reference Examples 9 to 14 Concentric circular three-layer composite yarns were melt-spun at a composite ratio (volume ratio) of core / intermediate layer / sheath of 65/15/20 using the combinations of polymers shown in Table 2. Winding at 1400m / min, 125d
/ 18f of undrawn yarns a to f were obtained.

[0031]

[Table 2]

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 15 A concentric double-layered composite yarn was melt-spun at a composite ratio (volume ratio) of core / sheath = 80/20 using polymer A as the core component and polymer B as the sheath component. At a speed of / min to obtain a 125d / 18f undrawn yarn g.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 16 A single component yarn was melt-spun using polymer B and polymer E, wound at a speed of 1400 m / min, and undrawn yarn h and polymer E using 125 d / 18 f polymer B were used. The obtained undrawn yarn i was obtained.

Example 1 An undrawn yarn a and an undrawn yarn h are supplied to a drawing machine, and a drawing speed is set.
At the same time, drawing is performed at 700 m / min, at a temperature of 80 ° C., and at a draw ratio of 3.5, yarn a is heated at 50 ° C. (processing length 50 cm) and yarn h is drawn
The whole was brought into contact with a heating plate of 170 ° C. (treatment length: 50 cm) and heat-treated. After that, the two yarns were combined and subjected to a fluid entanglement treatment, and then the hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber was wound. The different shrinkage blended yarn is used for warp and weft, and has a warp density of 110 yarns / 2.54 cm and a weft density of 78.
After weaving an untwisted plain weave at 2.54 cm, scouring according to a conventional method, and then performing an alkali weight reduction treatment with a 0.5% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 95 ° C. for 20 minutes. The dyeing and finishing set were performed according to a conventional method. The obtained woven fabric has a good swelling feeling and a moisture absorption rate.
4.2%, dyeing light fastness class 5 and excellent properties. Further, the woven fabric was disassembled to take out the composite yarn, and the cross section of all 36 single yarns constituting the composite yarn was observed, but none of the single yarns had any cracks on the surface layer. Table 3 shows the boiling water shrinkage of the different shrinkage mixed fiber and the evaluation results of the woven fabric.

Examples 2 to 5 As shown in Table 3, undrawn yarns were combined and supplied to a drawing machine.
The yarn is drawn under the same conditions as in Example 1, heat-treated at a selected temperature so that the boiling water shrinkage ratio of each yarn becomes a predetermined value, then conjugated, and subjected to a fluid entanglement treatment to obtain a different shrinkage mixed fiber. Using these, a mixed fiber fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 3 shows the boiling water shrinkage of the different shrinkage mixed fiber and the evaluation results of the woven fabric.

Example 6 Three kinds of undrawn yarns a, h and i were supplied to a drawing machine and drawn under the same conditions as in Example 1. The yarn a was heated at 45 ° C. and the yarn h
For i and i, the whole was brought into contact with a hot plate at 160 ° C., heat-treated, three yarns were combined, subjected to a fluid entanglement treatment, and then a different shrinkage mixed fiber was wound. A mixed fiber woven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained different shrinkage mixed fiber. Table 3 shows the boiling water shrinkage of the different shrinkage mixed fiber and the evaluation results of the woven fabric.

Comparative Examples 1 to 5 As shown in Table 3, undrawn yarns were combined and supplied to a drawing machine.
It is stretched under the same conditions as in Example 1, heat-treated at a selected temperature such that the boiling water shrinkage of each yarn becomes a predetermined value, then combined, subjected to a fluid entanglement treatment, and subjected to a different shrinkage mixed fiber. Using these, a mixed fiber fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 3 shows the boiling water shrinkage of the different shrinkage mixed fiber and the evaluation results of the woven fabric.

[0038]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 3, the woven fabrics obtained from the different shrinkage-mixed yarns of Examples 1 to 6 have no cracks on the fiber surface, have excellent swelling and hygroscopic properties, and have light resistance. It was a good fabric. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the boiling water shrinkage rate of the maximum shrinkable yarn was too large, so that the entire woven fabric was hard and no swelling feeling was obtained. In Comparative Example 2,
Since the difference in boiling water shrinkage ratio between the yarns was small, no swelling was obtained. In Comparative Example 3, since a polymer having higher alkali solubility than the sheath portion was used for the intermediate layer of the three-layer structure type composite yarn, cracks occurred on the fiber surface after the alkali weight reduction treatment.
In Comparative Example 4, although the fiber surface was not cracked due to the alkali weight reduction treatment, the light resistance was good, and a woven fabric having a swelling feeling was obtained, but the hygroscopicity was low. In Comparative Example 5,
Since the two-component core-sheath composite yarn was used as the hygroscopic yarn, sheath cracking occurred due to the alkali weight reduction treatment.

[0040]

According to the present invention, a polyester-based composite yarn having a three-layer structure having no problem of cracking on the fiber surface due to the alkali weight reduction treatment is used at least in part, and is knitted and woven to carry out the alkali weight reduction treatment. The present invention provides a different shrinkage mixed fiber which is excellent in hygroscopicity (and light resistance) and has a swelling feeling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a cross section of a concentric three-layer composite yarn (a) and a two-layer composite yarn (b) obtained by subjecting it to an alkali reduction treatment in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of an eccentric type three-layer composite yarn (a) and a two-layer composite yarn (b) obtained by subjecting it to an alkali reduction treatment in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a cross section of a multifilament three-layer composite yarn (a) and a two-layer composite yarn (b) obtained by subjecting the multifilament three-layer composite yarn to an alkali weight reduction process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Alkali easily soluble resin 2 Polyester resin 3 Moisture-absorbing thermoplastic resin

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A polyester-based hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber composed of a plurality of yarns, wherein a single yarn constituting at least one of the plurality of yarns is made of a thermoplastic resin having hygroscopicity. It is composed of a polyester-based composite yarn having a three-layer structure of a core layer, a sheath layer composed of an alkali-soluble resin, and an intermediate layer composed of a polyester resin that is less soluble in alkali than the sheath layer disposed between the core layer and the sheath layer. And the following formula:
A different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn characterized by satisfying the following. SA ≦ 50 SA−SB ≧ 5 Here, SA indicates the boiling water shrinkage (%) of the highest shrinkable yarn in the mixed fiber, and SB indicates the boiling water shrinkage (%) of the lowest shrinkable yarn in the mixed yarn. 2. The thermoplastic resin of the core layer of the polyester composite yarn having a three-layer structure is a polyalkylene terephthalate containing 10 to 50% by weight of a polyalkylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000. Different shrinkage mixed fiber. 3. The resin of a core layer and / or an intermediate layer of a polyester-based composite yarn having a three-layer structure is made of cerium oxide and talc or cerium oxide and silica, and the surface is coated with amorphous silica. The mixed-shrink mixed fiber according to claim 1 or 2, which contains 0.05 to 5% by weight of particles.