JPH10217024A - Blade tool - Google Patents

Blade tool

Info

Publication number
JPH10217024A
JPH10217024A JP2480897A JP2480897A JPH10217024A JP H10217024 A JPH10217024 A JP H10217024A JP 2480897 A JP2480897 A JP 2480897A JP 2480897 A JP2480897 A JP 2480897A JP H10217024 A JPH10217024 A JP H10217024A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
blade
gash
shape
cutting
lead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2480897A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kuninori Imai
邦典 今井
Takeji Shiokawa
武次 塩川
Kouji Umeo
幸治 梅尾
Chikakazu Ninomiya
千佳和 二宮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP2480897A priority Critical patent/JPH10217024A/en
Publication of JPH10217024A publication Critical patent/JPH10217024A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly discharge a chip to the rear of a blade tool, by forming the shape of a gash part into a protruded surface, and connecting the boundary part between a lead rake face and a bottom blade rake face in with R (Roundness). SOLUTION: A lead rake surface 5 is extendedly formed until crossing with a bottom blade 1, and a gash part 21 is formed so as to be a protruded surface to connect the boundary part with the lead rake surface 5 with R (roundness). However, the whole gash part 21 is not needed to be a single R, but changeable from place to place, for instance, some remainder of a recessed surface in nearby the center part, instead of the single R, is allowed. But an outer peripheral part must be a protruded surface, and the tilt of the surface of the gash part 21 can increase effect as increasing the tilt until about 45 degrees.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、マシニングセンタ
ーやボール盤等を用いて、特に穴加工や中ぐり加工等の
作業を、高能率(単位時間当たりの被削材切削除去体積
が大きいこと)で行うのに好適な切削加工用刃具(エン
ドミル、ドリル等)に関する。特に、近年大きく進歩し
ている高速切削加工に好適な刃物に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention uses a machining center, a drilling machine, and the like to perform operations such as drilling and boring with high efficiency (a large volume of material cut and removed per unit time). Cutting tool (end mill, drill, etc.) suitable for In particular, the present invention relates to a cutting tool suitable for high-speed cutting, which has made great progress in recent years.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来多く採用されてきたエンドミルの刃
先形状として「エンドミルのすべて」(大河出版、19
88年6月1日発行、p.10)に示されたものがあ
る。その外観図を図2に示す。同図は、形状が分かりや
すい2枚刃の場合を示しているが、3枚刃、4枚刃等で
も同様の形態である。
2. Description of the Related Art As the edge shape of an end mill which has been widely adopted, "All about an end mill" (Taiga Shuppan, 19
Published June 1, 1988, p. There is one shown in 10). FIG. 2 shows an external view thereof. This figure shows the case of a two-blade, whose shape is easy to understand, but a three-blade, a four-blade and the like have the same form.

【0003】このエンドミルの形状的な特徴を見ると、
底刃すくい面4が、リードすくい面5には関係なく、底
刃1からエンドミルの中心軸に沿ってほぼ垂直(底刃す
くい角=0)若しくは数度で成形されている。また、ギ
ャッシュ部2は、砥石の外周面が当たったままの凹面状
に形成され、更に底刃すくい面4との境界部3は直角に
形成されている。
[0003] Looking at the shape characteristics of this end mill,
Regardless of the reed rake face 5, the bottom rake face 4 is formed substantially perpendicularly (the bottom rake angle = 0) or several degrees along the center axis of the end mill from the bottom cutter 1. Further, the gash portion 2 is formed in a concave shape with the outer peripheral surface of the grinding stone abutting, and the boundary 3 with the bottom rake face 4 is formed at a right angle.

【0004】このようなエンドミルを用いて切削加工を
行う場合、加工能率は、切り粉の流れ易さと密接な関係
を持ち、切り粉がエンドミルの後方にスムーズに排出さ
れるほど、切削能率を大きくできる。図2のようなエン
ドミルでも、側壁加工(エンドミルの側刃7で加工する
場合)には、それなりに効能率切削が可能であったが、
穴加工やポケット加工のように、Z軸方向(エンドミル
の中心軸方向)に堀り込むような場合には、この形状は
不十分であった。なぜならば、側壁加工においては、被
加工材はリードすくい面5によって切削され、切り粉は
リードすく角(図3参照)の効果でエンドミル後方には
ねとばされる結果、刃先周辺に滞ることなく排除され、
高能率加工が可能である。これに対し、堀り込み加工の
場合には、被加工材は底刃1によって削られるが、切り
粉は、境界部3と直角をなしているギャッシュ部2に真
っ直ぐにぶつかり、その面が凹面状に形成されているこ
ともあって後方には流れにくく、ここに詰まりやすい。
この結果、切削抵抗は非常に大きくなり、高能率切削は
到底望めない状態にあった。また、刃の寿命も短くなっ
てしまう欠点があった。
[0004] When cutting is performed using such an end mill, the cutting efficiency is closely related to the easiness of the flow of the chips, and as the chips are smoothly discharged to the rear of the end mill, the cutting efficiency increases. it can. Even with the end mill as shown in FIG. 2, in the side wall processing (in the case of processing with the side blade 7 of the end mill), efficiency cutting was possible as such.
In the case of digging in the Z-axis direction (the direction of the center axis of the end mill) as in the case of drilling or pocketing, this shape is insufficient. This is because, in the side wall processing, the workpiece is cut by the lead rake face 5, and the swarf is repelled behind the end mill by the effect of the lead rake angle (see FIG. 3). And
High efficiency processing is possible. On the other hand, in the case of digging, the workpiece is shaved by the bottom blade 1, but the swarf hits the gash portion 2, which is perpendicular to the boundary 3, and the surface thereof is concave. Because it is formed in a shape, it does not easily flow backward, and is easily clogged here.
As a result, the cutting resistance became very large, and high efficiency cutting was in a state where it could not be expected at all. Further, there is a disadvantage that the life of the blade is shortened.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明では、エンドミ
ルの刃先形状として、穴やポケットのような堀り込み加
工をより高能率に行えるような、切り粉が後方に流れや
すい形状を提供し、その寿命を延長すると共に、またそ
の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
According to the present invention, there is provided an end mill having a shape such that chips can easily flow backward, so that digging such as holes and pockets can be performed more efficiently. It is an object of the present invention to extend its life and to provide a manufacturing method thereof.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明では、ギャッシュ部及び境界部の形状を、
切り粉がエンドミルの後方に流れやすい形状にすること
を特徴とする。すなわち、具体的には、底刃をエンドミ
ルのリード面の延長上に形成すること、また、従来は凹
面状であったギャッシュ部の形状を、凸面状に形成する
こと、また更に、底刃すくい面との境界部のつなぎ方
を、従来は直角であったものをR(丸み)を以ってつな
ぐこと、を特徴とする。これにより、今までギャッシュ
部に詰まりやすかった切り粉が、凸面状のギャッシュ部
表面に倣って外周方向へ流れやすくなり、リードすくい
角の効果でエンドミルの後方に排出されやすくなるもの
である。
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the shapes of the gash portion and the boundary portion are set as follows.
It is characterized in that the shape is such that chips can easily flow behind the end mill. That is, specifically, the bottom blade is formed on the extension of the lead surface of the end mill, and the shape of the gash portion, which was conventionally concave, is formed to be convex, and further, the bottom blade is raked. A method of connecting a boundary portion with a surface is characterized in that a conventionally perpendicular portion is connected with R (roundness). As a result, the chips that have been easily clogged in the gash portion can easily flow in the outer peripheral direction following the convex-shaped gash portion surface, and are easily discharged to the rear of the end mill by the effect of the lead rake angle.

【0007】[0007]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を、実施例に基づい
て詳細に説明する。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.

【0008】図1は、本発明からなるエンドミルの刃先
形状の外観図を示している。同図において、クロスハッ
チングをを施した面はリードすくい面5であり、底刃1
と交叉するまで、延長して形成されている。(図2にお
ける底刃すくい面4は、無くなっている。)また、ギャ
ッシュ部は凸面になるように形成され、リードすくい面
との境界部は、丸み(R)を以てつながっている。
FIG. 1 is an external view of the shape of the cutting edge of an end mill according to the present invention. In this figure, the cross-hatched surface is the lead rake surface 5 and the bottom blade 1
It is formed to extend until it crosses with. (The bottom rake face 4 in FIG. 2 has been eliminated.) The gash portion is formed so as to be convex, and the boundary with the lead rake face is connected with a roundness (R).

【0009】直径がφ16mmのエンドミルを例にとっ
て、代表的な寸法を示せば、次の通りである。
Taking an end mill having a diameter of 16 mm as an example, typical dimensions are as follows.

【0010】(a)境界部31の丸みR:1〜2mm、 (b)ギャッシュ部21の凸面形状:凸面の丸みRは2
0〜50mm位。ただし、ギャッシュ部全体が単一のR
である必要はなく、場所によって変化しても構わない。
例えば、図4において、二点鎖線で示した単一Rではな
く、実線で示したように、中心部付近に若干の凹面残り
があっても構わない。ただし、外周部は必ず凸面になっ
ていることが必要である。ギャッシュ部の面の傾斜は、
図1(b)では訳20〜30度に描いたが、45度位ま
で、大きく取るほど効果が出やすい。
(A) Roundness R of boundary portion 31: 1 to 2 mm; (b) Convex shape of gash portion 21: Roundness R of convex surface is 2
0-50mm. However, the entire gash portion is a single R
It does not need to be, and may vary depending on the location.
For example, in FIG. 4, instead of a single R shown by a two-dot chain line, there may be a slight concave surface residue near the center as shown by a solid line. However, the outer peripheral portion must always be convex. The inclination of the face of the gash part is
In FIG. 1 (b), the translation is drawn at 20 to 30 degrees.

【0011】(c)リードすくい面の形状:図1では、
リードすくい面を側刃7の延長で描いた。これが理想的
ではあるが、リードねじれ角が例えば45度のように大
きな場合には、そのまま延長するのが難しい場合もあ
る。このような場合には、必ずしも完全に延長しなくと
も良いが、側刃から滑らかにつながるように研削加工す
ることが重要である。
(C) Shape of the lead rake face: In FIG.
The lead rake face was drawn by extending the side blade 7. This is ideal, but if the lead twist angle is large, for example, 45 degrees, it may be difficult to extend the lead as it is. In such a case, it is not always necessary to completely extend, but it is important to perform grinding so as to smoothly connect from the side blade.

【0012】このような刃形状を研削加工する方法を、
図3を用いて説明する。砥石6は、境界部3のRに応じ
た丸み(ほぼ等しいもの、若しくは若干小さいもの)を
有するものを用いる。図1のような刃形状を研削する場
合、その動かし方は図3のa,b,cのようにする。す
なわち、砥石はリードねじれ角と同等若しくは若干大き
めに傾けた状態で設置し、aのようにリードすくい面と
平行に動かす。また、ギャッシュ部表面を研削するに
は、奥行き方向には所望の凸面形状に沿うように、bの
ように、更に左右方向にはほぼエンドミルの中心軸に垂
直方向(c)のように動かしながら研削することが必要
である。
A method of grinding such a blade shape is described below.
This will be described with reference to FIG. The whetstone 6 has a roundness (approximately equal or slightly smaller) corresponding to the radius R of the boundary portion 3. When grinding the blade shape as shown in FIG. 1, the way of movement is as shown in a, b and c of FIG. That is, the grindstone is installed in a state where it is tilted to be equal to or slightly larger than the lead twist angle, and is moved parallel to the lead rake face as shown in a. Further, in order to grind the surface of the gash portion, while moving along the desired convex shape in the depth direction, as in b, and further moving in the left-right direction substantially in the direction perpendicular to the center axis of the end mill (c). It is necessary to grind.

【0013】ここで、図3では、砥石の厚さをRの2倍
に描いているが、厚さはこれに限られるものではなく、
これよりも薄くとも、また逆に厚くとも加工は可能であ
る。ただし、厚い場合には、砥石の先端に平坦部が発生
するが、ここを(90−α)度(α=リードねじれ角)
にほぼ等しくなるように成形することが必要である。ま
た、砥石の先端の丸みを境界部3の丸みより小さくした
場合には、砥石の動かし方を、所望の丸みが成形できる
ように制御することが必要となる。この条件は、NC制
御装置を用いることで、十分に達成される。
Here, in FIG. 3, the thickness of the grindstone is drawn twice as large as R, but the thickness is not limited to this.
Processing is possible even if it is thinner than this, or conversely, thicker. However, when the grindstone is thick, a flat portion is generated at the tip of the grindstone, and this is set to (90−α) degrees (α = lead twist angle).
It is necessary to mold so as to be approximately equal to When the roundness of the tip of the grinding stone is smaller than the roundness of the boundary portion 3, it is necessary to control the movement of the grinding stone so that a desired roundness can be formed. This condition is sufficiently achieved by using the NC control device.

【0014】図5には、従来の刃形状と、本発明による
刃形状とを用いて穴加工を行ったときの切削抵抗を、切
削動力計を用いて測定した結果を示している。(穴加工
はステップ送りをしており、測定結果の一つの波形は、
1回のステップに対応している。) 同図において、(a)は従来の刃形状の場合であり、切
削抵抗は図の下に記した値(例えば右端に記した値、5
5kgf)に達している。これに対して、(b)の本発
明による刃形状を用いた場合には、切削抵抗は20kg
fに減少している。また記録波形の頂上における幅は、
切削抵抗の変動量を示しているが、この幅も、従来の刃
形状では12kgfと大きいのに対し、本発明品では9
kgfに減少しており、切削が滑らかに、また低加工力
のもとに行われていることが分かる。
FIG. 5 shows the results of measurement using a cutting dynamometer of cutting resistance when drilling holes using the conventional blade shape and the blade shape according to the present invention. (Drilling is step feed, and one waveform of the measurement result is
It corresponds to one step. In the figure, (a) shows the case of the conventional blade shape, and the cutting force is the value shown at the bottom of the figure (for example, the value shown at the right end, 5
5 kgf). On the other hand, when the blade shape according to the present invention (b) is used, the cutting force is 20 kg.
f. The width at the top of the recording waveform is
The variation of the cutting resistance is shown, and this width is also as large as 12 kgf in the conventional blade shape, whereas it is 9 kgf in the product of the present invention.
kgf, which indicates that the cutting is performed smoothly and under a low working force.

【0015】この測定結果から、本発明によれば、切削
時の一刃当たりの切り込み量を大きくすることが可能で
あり、加工能率を大幅に高め得ることが明らかである。
一刃当たりの切り込み量を少しでも大きく出来れば、切
削加工時間は切り込み量増大率の自乗に反比例して減少
することから、その効果は大きい。本発明によれば、切
り込み量は、従来の刃形状に比較して30%〜2倍程度
まで増大できることから、その効果は極めて大きい。
From these measurement results, it is clear that according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the cutting depth per blade during cutting, and to greatly increase the processing efficiency.
If the depth of cut per tooth can be increased as much as possible, the cutting time will be inversely proportional to the square of the rate of increase of the depth of cut, and the effect is large. According to the present invention, the cutting amount can be increased to about 30% to about 2 times as compared with the conventional blade shape, so that the effect is extremely large.

【0016】特に、近年大きく進歩している高速切削加
工では、刃物の切り粉排除性能は切削加工そのものの可
能性をも左右する要因であり、その向上は極めて重要で
ある。すなわと、本発明による刃形状は、高速切削加工
用に用いれば、非常に大きな効果をもたらすものであ
る。
In particular, in high-speed cutting, which has made great progress in recent years, the ability of cutting tools to remove chips is a factor that also affects the possibility of cutting itself, and its improvement is extremely important. In other words, the blade shape according to the present invention has a very great effect when used for high-speed cutting.

【0017】[0017]

【発明の効果】以上に述べたような方法によれば、発生
した切り粉はスムーズにエンドミルの後方に排出され、
この結果、切削抵抗を増すことなく、一刃当たりの切り
込み量を大きくすることが可能になる。
According to the method as described above, the generated chips are smoothly discharged to the rear of the end mill,
As a result, it is possible to increase the depth of cut per blade without increasing the cutting resistance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の刃形状を示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a blade shape of the present invention.

【図2】従来の刃形状を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conventional blade shape.

【図3】本発明の刃形状の研削方法を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a blade shape grinding method of the present invention.

【図4】ギャッシュ部の研削形状を示す図。FIG. 4 is a view showing a grinding shape of a gash portion.

【図5】本発明の刃形状による切削抵抗の測定結果を示
す図。
FIG. 5 is a view showing a measurement result of a cutting force according to the blade shape of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1…底刃、2、21…ギャッシュ部、3、31…境界
部、4…底刃すくい面、5…リードすくい面、6…研削
砥石、7…側刃。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bottom blade, 2, 21 ... Gash part, 3, 31 ... Boundary part, 4 ... Bottom blade rake face, 5 ... Lead rake face, 6 ... Grinding grindstone, 7 ... Side blade.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 二宮 千佳和 神奈川県秦野市堀山下1番地 株式会社日 立製作所汎用コンピュータ事業部内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Chikazu Ninomiya 1 Horiyamashita, Hadano-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】底刃が、リードすくい面の延長上に交叉さ
せて設けられ、また、ギャッシュ部が凸面状に成形さ
れ、該リードすくい面とギャッシュ部との交わる境界部
がRを持たせて成形されてなることを特徴とする刃具。
A bottom blade is provided so as to cross over an extension of a lead rake face, and a gash portion is formed in a convex shape, and a boundary where the lead rake face and the gash portion intersect has a radius. A cutting tool characterized by being formed by molding.
JP2480897A 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Blade tool Pending JPH10217024A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2480897A JPH10217024A (en) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Blade tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2480897A JPH10217024A (en) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Blade tool

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10217024A true JPH10217024A (en) 1998-08-18

Family

ID=12148503

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2480897A Pending JPH10217024A (en) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Blade tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH10217024A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005125433A (en) * 2003-10-22 2005-05-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corp End mill
EP3150313A1 (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-05 Fraisa SA Solid milling tool for machining rotating materials
JP2019202378A (en) * 2018-05-23 2019-11-28 三菱日立ツール株式会社 End mill

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005125433A (en) * 2003-10-22 2005-05-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corp End mill
EP3150313A1 (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-05 Fraisa SA Solid milling tool for machining rotating materials
JP2019202378A (en) * 2018-05-23 2019-11-28 三菱日立ツール株式会社 End mill

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