JPH1019412A - Air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and efficient air-conditioning system capable of adsorption and regeneration of the desiccant through a batch process by combining a heat pump with the desiccant. SOLUTION: In an air-conditioning system in which a plurality of desiccant parts are arranged in a switching manner so as to be alternately distributed in a treatment air passage A and a regeneration air passage B, at least four desiccant parts 103A-103D are arranged so that each two desiccant parts are arranged in the treatment air passage A and the regeneration air passage B, the treatment air passage A introduces the treatment air to a heat exchanger 104 to perform the sensible heat exchange between the treatment air and the regeneration air before passing through the desiccant after the treatment air is introduced to one desiccant part to perform the first adsorption, and cools the treatment air, and then, introduces it to the other desiccant part to perform the second adsorption, and further, introduces it to a low heat source of a heat pump 200 to perform the heat exchange and cooling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioning system, and more particularly to an air conditioning system for continuously processing air by switching a plurality of desiccants alternately between processing air and regeneration air.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 shows a prior art disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,430,864, which shows a process air path A.
And regeneration air path B and two desiccant beds 103
A, 103B, and a heat pump 200 for regenerating the desiccant and cooling the processing air. This heat pump 200 has two desiccant beds 103A, 1A.
The heat exchangers 210 and 220 buried in 03B are used as high and low heat sources. One desiccant bed performs an adsorption step by passing process air, and the other desiccant performs a regeneration step by passing regeneration air. After the air conditioning process has been performed for a predetermined time, the four-way switching valves 105 and 106 are switched to flow the regeneration and processing air to the opposite desiccant bed, and the same process as a whole is performed. I do.

[0003]

In the prior art as described above, since the high and low heat sources of the heat pump 200 and the respective desiccants are integrated with each other, the amount of heat corresponding to the cooling effect ΔQ is equal to the heat pump (refrigerator). Is loaded as is. That is, the effect beyond the capacity of the heat pump (refrigerator) cannot be obtained. Therefore, the effect of only making the apparatus complicated cannot be obtained.

In order to solve such a problem, as shown in FIG. 6, a high-temperature heat source 220 of a heat pump 200 is disposed in a regeneration air path B to heat regeneration air, and a heat pump is disposed in a processing air path A. 200 low-temperature heat source 210 is arranged to cool the processing air, and the desiccant 103
It is conceivable to provide a heat exchanger 104 for performing sensible heat exchange between the processed air after passing and the regenerated air before passing through the desiccant 103. Here, a desiccant rotor that rotates over both the processing air path A and the regeneration air path B is used as the desiccant 103.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7, in addition to the cooling effect (Δq) by the heat pump 200, the cooling effect (ΔQ-Δq) by sensible heat exchange between the processing air and the regeneration air.
, A cooling effect (ΔQ) can be obtained, so that higher efficiency can be obtained with a compact configuration than the air conditioning system of FIG.

However, also in the air conditioning system having this configuration, the temperature difference between the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source of the heat pump, that is, the temperature of the temperature head becomes high (ΔT) as shown in FIG. It was enough.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact and highly efficient air conditioning system which combines a heat pump and a desiccant to adsorb and regenerate the desiccant by a batch process.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the invention according to claim 1 has the following features.
A plurality of desiccant parts are switchably disposed so as to alternately flow through a processing air path and a regeneration air path, a high-temperature heat source of a heat pump is arranged in the regeneration air path to heat regeneration air, and a heat pump is disposed in the processing air path. An air conditioning system that cools the processing air by arranging a low-temperature heat source, adsorbs moisture in the processing air to the desiccant part in the processing air path, and regenerates the desiccant part by the regeneration air in the regeneration air path. At least four desiccant parts are provided such that two desiccant parts are arranged in the processing air path and the regeneration air path, and the processing air path is
After conducting the first adsorption by introducing the treated air to one desiccant part, the treated air is guided to a heat exchanger that performs sensible heat exchange with the regenerated air before passing through the desiccant, and cooled, and then to another desiccant part. An air conditioning system characterized by being guided to perform a second adsorption, and further guided to a low heat source of the heat pump to perform heat exchange for cooling.

Thus, the minimum temperature of the heat pump for pumping the same heat is increased by adopting a two-stage adsorption step including a cooling step by heat exchange between the adsorption steps of the moisture in the processing air. Therefore, the temperature head of the heat pump becomes small, and energy is saved. Further, since the adsorption is performed twice using the same desiccant, the hygroscopic capacity can be increased, so that the apparatus can be relatively downsized.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the plurality of desiccant sections are moved relative to the processing air path and the regeneration air path to switch the flow. It is an air conditioning system. This allows
There is no need to provide a plurality of valves in each path to operate in conjunction with each other, and the configuration of the apparatus is simplified.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioning system according to the second aspect, wherein the desiccant units are mechanically coupled to each other so as to be interlocked with each other, and the desiccant itself and a route configuration are provided. , Drive mechanism and the like can be simplified. The invention according to claim 4 is the air conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein the relative movement is a linear movement. The invention according to claim 5 is the air conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein the relative movement is a rotational movement.

The invention according to claim 6 is the air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump is a vapor compression heat pump. The invention according to claim 7 is the air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump is an absorption heat pump.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of an air conditioning system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show the basic configuration of an air conditioning system according to the present invention, in which a processing air path A, a regeneration air path B, four desiccants 103A, 103B, 103C, and 104D, and desiccant regeneration and regeneration. Heat pump 2 for cooling process air
00. As the heat pump, an arbitrary one may be adopted.
It is assumed that the vapor compression type heat pump proposed in US Pat.

In FIG. 1, a processing air path A passes through a processing air inlet (usually a room air intake), a path 110, a processing air blower 102, and a path 111, and is provided with a first processing of a casing 302 for housing the desiccant. It is connected to an air inlet, and is guided from the first processing air inlet to the first processing air outlet of the casing 302 via the desiccant 103B inside the casing 302. Furthermore, casing 3
02 is connected to the heat exchanger 104 for performing heat exchange with the regeneration air via the path 113, and the processing air outlet of the heat exchanger 104 is connected to the second outlet of the casing 302 via the path 114. Air that is connected to the processing air inlet and enters the casing 302 from the second processing air inlet passes through the internal desiccant 103A, is guided to the second processing air outlet of the casing 302, and is connected to the second processing air outlet of the casing 302.
The processing air outlet of the heat pump 20
0 is connected to the low heat source heat exchanger 220, and the processing air outlet of the low heat source heat exchanger 220 reaches the processing air outlet via the path 116.

The regeneration air path B includes a path 120, a blower 140, and a path 12 from a regeneration air inlet (usually, outside air intake).
1. a sensible heat exchanger 104 having a heat exchange relationship with the processing air;
Path 122, high-temperature heat source heat exchanger 2 of heat pump 200
10 and a path 123 to a path 124B or 124A leading to two regeneration air inlets of the casing 302. One of the two regeneration air inlets is selectively closed by a shutter 301A or 301B linked to the desiccant, and the two regeneration air inlets are desiccants 103C and 103C in a casing 302.
One of the two regeneration air outlets of the casing 302 is guided to the path 125A or 125B via 03D, and further reaches the regeneration air exit via the path 126.

The desiccant 103A, 1 divided into four parts
03B, 103C and 104D are pulleys 310 to 313
And a motor 303 via a belt mechanism 304 to move the inside of the casing 302 relative to the casing. Desiccant 103A and 10
In the case where 3B is in the adsorption process and the desiccants 103C and 103D are in the regeneration process, the desiccant 10C is placed at the position shown in FIG.
When the desiccants 103C and 103D are in the adsorption process while 3A and 103B are in the regeneration process, they move to the position shown in FIG. At that time, the desiccants 103A, 103B, 103
In the case of FIG. 1 in conjunction with the movement of C and 103D, the shutter 301A closes the air inlet connected to the path 124A,
In the case of FIG. 2, the shutter 301B is configured to close the air inlet connected to the path 124B. In addition,
In the figure, circled letters K to T are symbols indicating the state of air corresponding to FIG.

Next, the operation of the air conditioning system using the heat pump configured as described above as a heat source will be described with reference to the psychrometric chart of FIG. In FIG. 1, desiccant 1
The positions of 03A, 103B, 103C, and 103D are such that the desiccant 103B is connected to the first adsorption process of the processing air, the desiccant 103A is connected to the second adsorption process of the processing air, and the desiccants 103C and 103D are connected to the regeneration air system. Therefore, the operation in this state will be described.

The process air (state K) is sucked into the blower 102 from the process air inlet via the path 110, is pressurized, flows through the path 111, flows into the casing 302 from the first inlet of the regenerated air in the casing 302, and 1 desiccant 1
03B, the moisture in the air is adsorbed, the absolute humidity decreases, and the temperature rises due to the heat of adsorption (state L). The air whose humidity has decreased and the temperature has increased is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 113, and exchanges heat with the regenerated air to be cooled (state M). The air whose humidity and temperature have been lowered is sent to the second desiccant 103A via the path 114, and the moisture in the air is again adsorbed by the second adsorption step, whereby the absolute humidity decreases and the temperature rises due to heat of adsorption ( State N). Then, the processing air is sent to the heat exchanger 220, which is a low-temperature heat source of the heat pump 200, through the path 115 and is further cooled, and is supplied to the air-conditioned space through the path 116 (state P). In this way, an enthalpy difference ΔQ is generated between the processing air (state K) and the supply air (state P), thereby cooling the air-conditioned space.

The second adsorption occurs in the above adsorption step for the following reason. That is, the heat exchanger 104
As the relative humidity rises when cooling from the state L to the state M at the same humidity, the potential for performing the adsorption step again with the desiccant 103A is generated. The second adsorption can be performed using the difference in the adsorption potential.

In the same cycle, the other desiccants 103C and 103D undergo a regeneration process as follows. That is, the regenerated air (state Q) is sucked into the blower 140 via the path 120, is pressurized and sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 121, and cools the processing air to increase its temperature (state R). ), Heat pump 20 via path 122
0, flows into the heat exchanger 210 of the high heat source,
The temperature rises to ８０80 ° C., and the relative humidity decreases (state S). The regeneration air having a reduced relative humidity flows into the interior through a regeneration air inlet provided in the casing 302 via a path 123 and a path 124B, and is desiccants 103C and 103D.
Are passed in parallel to remove the desiccant water (state T). The regenerated air that has passed through the desiccants 103C and 103D reaches the outlet of the regenerated air via the paths 125B and 126. In this case, the regeneration air inlet connected to the path 124A is closed by the shutter 301A interlocking with the desiccant inside the casing 302, so that the regeneration air does not flow through the path 124A.

When the air-conditioning process is performed for a predetermined time and the moisture content in the desiccant becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value, the motor 303 is operated, and the desiccants 103A, 103B, 103C and 103D are moved to the casing 302 by the pulley belt mechanisms 304 and 310-313. As shown in FIG. 2, the desiccants 103A and 103B are in the regeneration air path B, the desiccants 103D are in the path of the first adsorption step in the processing air path A, and 103C is in the second adsorption step. Connect to the route. In this manner, desiccant adsorption and regeneration are performed in batches. In the case of FIG. 2, the regeneration air flows through the path 124B and the path 124A is closed, but the operation is the same as that of FIG. 1 and the description is omitted.

In this manner, the desiccant is air-conditioned by repeating the desiccant regeneration and the dehumidification and cooling of the processing air. In addition, although the method of using the exhaust accompanying the indoor ventilation as the regeneration air has also been widely used in the desiccant air conditioning, the exhaust from the room may be used as the regeneration air in the present invention. The same effect can be obtained.

In this air conditioning system, the minimum temperature of the heat pump for pumping the same heat ΔQ is lower than that shown in FIG. 7 by employing a two-stage adsorption step including a cooling step by heat exchange between the desiccant and the desiccant. , FIG.
Moves from the state N to the state P. Therefore, the temperature head ΔT2 of the heat pump becomes as small as ΔT1, and energy is saved. Further, since the adsorption is performed twice using the same desiccant, the hygroscopic capacity can be increased, so that the apparatus can be relatively downsized.

Further, in the desiccant air-conditioning system configured as described above, the cooling effect of the heat pump is the enthalpy difference Δq between the state M and the state P in FIG. 3, which is much smaller than the cooling effect ΔQ of the entire apparatus. A cooling effect exceeding the capacity of the heat pump can be obtained. Therefore, the size of the device can be reduced, and a device with low cost can be provided.

FIG. 4 shows the flow of heat in the heat pump portion of the desiccant air conditioner thus constructed. In FIG. 4, the heat input is the heat input from the low heat source heat exchanger and the compressor power,
All the heat output is applied to the high heat source heat exchanger. Now, assuming that the power of the compressor is 1 calorie, the temperature lift of this type of heat pump is 55 ° C. to lift the heat from the processing air of at least 15 ° C. and raise the temperature to 70 ° C. 2 compared to 45 ° C temperature lift
Since the pressure ratio increases by 2% and the pressure ratio slightly increases, the operation coefficient can be designed to be approximately three. Therefore, the amount of heat input from the process air is 3, while the amount of heat output is 4 in total of 1 + 3, and all of this heat amount heats the regeneration air and is used for the desiccant air conditioner.

Operating coefficient (COP) indicating energy efficiency of a desiccant air conditioner excluding a heat pump
Is shown as a value obtained by dividing the cooling effect ΔQ in FIG. 3 by the regeneration heating amount, and it is generally reported that the maximum is approximately 0.8 to 1.2. Therefore, if the operation coefficient (COP) of the desiccant air conditioner is approximately 1, a cooling effect of 1 can be obtained by the desiccant air conditioner. Therefore, the cooling effect of 4 is obtained by this regeneration heating. In this air conditioning system, there are three other cooling effects by the evaporator of the heat pump, so that a total of seven
Is obtained, and the operation coefficient of the whole desiccant external controller is as follows: operation coefficient = cooling effect / compressor input = 7. This value greatly exceeds the value "4 or less" of the conventional system.

In the above embodiment, the heat pump 2
Although a vapor compression heat pump was used as 00, any heat source device having a heat pump action may be used according to the above-mentioned contents. For example, an absorption heat pump as proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-333053 is adopted. However, a similar effect can be obtained. Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the evaporation / condensation action of the refrigerant is directly used as the heat transfer medium has been described. However, the heat transfer medium may be connected to a heat pump using cold and hot water instead of the refrigerant.

Although the pulley belt mechanism connected to the motor is used as the moving mechanism for the desiccants 103A and 103B, any mechanism that directly generates a motion can be used according to the above-described contents. A diaphragm piston mechanism using the static pressure of a blower, a cylinder piston mechanism using air pressure, an electric rack and piston mechanism, a recirculating ball mechanism using a spiral screw, or a link mechanism, etc. No problem.

Further, in the above embodiment, the casing and the desiccant are moved linearly, but they may be rotated. That is, the casing is formed in a cylindrical shape, which is divided in the circumferential direction, and an inlet and an outlet are provided respectively. On the other hand, the desiccant is formed into a columnar shape corresponding to this and is circumferentially separated from each other by a partition wall. It is good also as a structure which rotates and moves. Also, desiccants are separated from each other by partition walls to regulate the mutual flow of air,
A completely separated structure may be used for interlocking with a predetermined mechanism. Conversely, in some cases, there may be a certain degree of mutual air circulation.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, at least four desiccant parts are alternately switched between the processing air and the regenerating air to allow the air to flow therethrough, and a cooling step by heat exchange between the desiccant and the desiccant is performed. By adopting a two-stage adsorption process, the temperature head of the heat pump becomes smaller and energy is saved. In addition, since the adsorption is performed twice using the same desiccant, the moisture absorption capacity can be increased. Can be. Further, the high-temperature heat source of the heat pump is disposed in the regeneration air path to heat the regeneration air, and the low-temperature heat source of the heat pump is disposed in the processing air path to cool the processing air. The processing air after passing the desiccant and the desiccant passing By performing sensible heat exchange with the previous regenerated air, a cooling effect greater than the cooling capacity of the heat pump can be exerted, and an air conditioning system with significantly higher energy efficiency can be provided as compared with the conventional case.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of an embodiment of an air conditioning system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another operation state of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a desiccant air-conditioning cycle of air of the air-conditioning system of FIG. 1 in a psychrometric chart.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing heat transfer of a heat pump according to the air conditioning system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a conventional air conditioning system.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a virtual air conditioning system.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a desiccant air-conditioning cycle of air of the air-conditioning system of FIG. 6 by a psychrometric chart.

[Explanation of symbols]

102,140 Blowers 103A to 103D Desiccant part (desiccant rotor) 104 Sensible heat exchanger 200 Heat pump 210 Cooler (Cold water heat exchanger) 220 Heater (Hot water heat exchanger) 261 Compressor A Processing air path B Regeneration air path SA air supply RA return air EX exhaust OA outside air ΔQ Cooling effect Δq Cooling amount by cold water ΔH Heating amount by hot water

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of desiccant parts are disposed so as to be switchable so as to alternately flow through a processing air path and a regeneration air path, and a high-temperature heat source of a heat pump is arranged in the regeneration air path to heat the regeneration air. A low-temperature heat source of a heat pump is disposed in a processing air path to cool the processing air, adsorb moisture in the processing air to the desiccant part in the processing air path, and regenerate the desiccant part by the regeneration air in the regeneration air path. In the air conditioning system, at least four desiccant units are provided such that two desiccant units are arranged in the processing air path and the regeneration air path, and the processing air path guides the processing air to one desiccant unit. After performing the adsorption of 1, desiccant is led to a heat exchanger that performs sensible heat exchange with the regenerated air before passing through the desiccant. The second performs adsorption, air conditioning system, characterized by being adapted to further cool led performing heat exchange in the low-temperature heat source of said heat pump leading to. 2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of desiccant units are moved relative to the processing air path and the regenerating air path to switch the flow. 3. The air conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the desiccant units are mechanically connected to each other so as to be interlocked. 4. The air conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein the relative movement is a linear movement. 5. The air conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein the relative movement is a rotational movement. 6. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump is a vapor compression heat pump. 7. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump is an absorption heat pump.