JPH10191779A - Vegetation foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a vegetation foundation which prevents erosion without hindering the growth of plants, is capable of supplying the required min. nutrient components over a long period of time and is adequate for the growth environment, etc., of trees, etc., by incorporating unfermented plant materials and clay ores into this foundation. SOLUTION: The vegetation foundation 15 formed by spraying vegetation foundation materials 15 to a slope is formed by incorporating the unfermented plant materials 2, such as wooden waste chips, and the clay ores 3, such as smectite- or kaolin-based clay ores, into the vegetation foundation. The vegetation foundation 15 is preferably formed pneumatically transporting the vegetation foundation materials 5 contg. unfermented plant materials 2 and mixing the slurry-like clay ores 11 with the foundation materials near a spraying nozzle 7. A swelling preventive agent 10 of an electrolyte for suppressing the swelling of the clay ores, such as bentonite, is preferably added to the mixture.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for revegetation on a slope, and more particularly to a technique for creating a vegetation base that is oligotrophic and close to natural soil.

[0002] A vegetation base is created by spraying a vegetation base material mainly composed of fermented soil improvement material such as bark compost or peat moss mixed with seeds and a binder on the slope, and vegetation is vegetated on the vegetation base. There is known a construction method for stabilizing a slope.

[0003]

The above-mentioned greening technology has the following problems. <A> The conventional vegetation base is eutrophic from the initial stage of the introduced plant because it is desired to be sufficiently fermented. Therefore, it is unsuitable for woody species that prefer oligotrophic quality. In addition, when grasses and the like that prefer eutrophication are mixed with woody plants, growth is prioritized by the grasses and the like, and the trees and grasses that grow slowly tend to be pressed and die. <B> The conventional vegetation base is sufficiently fermented to decompose slowly and maintain a eutrophic state for a relatively long period of time. Invasion of native species). <C> Due to the vigorous growth potential of pastures, the surrounding ecosystem may be destroyed. <D> In order to prevent erosion of the vegetation base exposed to the weather, it is known to mix a binder or caking agent, which is a polymer-based or cement-based chemical, into the vegetation base. If an appropriate amount is added to achieve this purpose, the germination and growth of the plant will deteriorate. Also, if the addition amount of the caking material or the caking material is reduced with priority given to the germination of the plant, the effect of preventing erosion of the vegetation base is reduced. <E> At present, waste wood such as cut wood and root removal generated in large quantities in various forestry works is burned or landfilled, but open burning is being restricted and landfills are bulky, making it difficult to secure landfill sites. It is. Against such a background, a proposal for an effective processing technique is desired.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide the following vegetation base. A vegetation base that is oligotrophic but can provide the minimum required nutrients for long periods. A vegetation base where plants (native species) can be introduced from the surrounding area. A vegetation base that is suitable as a growth environment for woody trees and can be turned into trees. A vegetation base that can prevent erosion without inhibiting plant growth. A vegetation base that can reduce the growth impairment caused by wood waste that has been disposed of and can effectively use wood waste.

[0005]

The invention according to claim 1 is
A vegetation base characterized by mixing unfermented plant materials and clay minerals in a vegetation base formed by spraying a vegetation base material on a slope. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in a vegetation base formed by spraying a vegetation base material on a slope, a clay mineral is mixed in a vegetation base material containing unfermented plant material, and the vegetation is formed. It is the foundation. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vegetation base according to the second aspect, the vegetation base material including the unfermented plant material is conveyed by air, and a slurry-like clay mineral is mixed near the spray nozzle to form the vegetation base material. Characteristic, vegetation base. The invention according to claim 4 is the vegetation base according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the unfermented plant material is a wood waste chip. The invention according to claim 5 is the vegetation base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the clay mineral is a smectite clay mineral or a kaolin clay mineral. is there. The invention according to claim 6 is the vegetation base according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the clay mineral is bentonite. The invention according to claim 7 is the vegetation base according to claim 6, wherein an electrolyte swelling inhibitor for suppressing swelling of bentonite is added.

[0006]

Embodiment 1 An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

<A> Composition of Vegetation Base FIG. 1 shows a model diagram of a vegetation base 1 according to the present invention. The vegetation base 15 according to the present invention is formed by mixing the unfermented plant material 2 and the clay mineral 10 into the vegetation base material 5.

[0008] In addition to the above, the present invention provides a soil conditioner 1
And the case where the vegetation base material 15 is formed by mixing the vegetation base material 15 with the auxiliary. The soil improving material 1 is an organic material, and for example, compost compost obtained by sufficiently fermenting and mature bark compost, livestock dung, sewage sludge, and the like can be used. Further, earth and sand such as soil generated at the site and mountain sand may be mixed.

<C> Unfermented plant material The unfermented plant material 2 is composed of wood waste chips, and for example, wood chips and root extraction chips can be used. The unfermented plant material 2 is used as a raw material for supplying nutrients to plants for a long period of time, and various unfermented plant materials that have been treated as industrial waste are formed into chips (including powdered materials). ). The size of the chip differs depending on the form of mixing into the base material, but when spraying together with the vegetation base material, the size is preferably 2 mm to 20 mm, but the size is not particularly limited.

<D> Clay Mineral The clay mineral 3 functions as a binder material for suppressing decomposition of the unfermented plant material 2 by aluminum ions contained therein and preventing the vegetation base 15 from collapsing due to viscosity.
Although there is no limitation on the type of the clay mineral 3, bentonite (mainly a montmorillonite mineral) having a water retention function in addition to the above two functions is more preferable. When a swelling clay mineral (including bentonite) such as a smectite clay mineral is used, it is preferable to add an electrolyte swelling inhibitor 10 to suppress swelling. This is an electrolyte swelling inhibitor 1
If 0 is not added, the swellable clay mineral 3 takes water in the vegetation base 15 from the plant or the vegetation base 15 becomes brittle. By adding the electrolyte swelling inhibitor 10, such a problem is solved. As the swelling inhibitor 10, superphosphate lime which does not harm the growth of plants,
Heavy phosphorus lime, phosphorous ammonium, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium lime, slaked lime can be used. In addition, when the clay mineral 3 does not have swelling property, the addition of the swelling inhibitor 10 becomes unnecessary.

<E> Method of Forming Vegetation Base A method of forming a vegetation base 15 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A predetermined amount of the soil improving material 1, the unfermented plant material 2 made into chips, and the like are charged into the spraying machine 4, and stirred to produce the vegetation base material 5. The vegetation base material 5 is conveyed by air from the spraying machine 4 to the spraying nozzle 7 through the hose 6. The vegetation base material 5 can be premixed in a factory.

On the other hand, the water 9 and the clay mineral 3 are put into a stirring tank 8 provided with stirring and mixing means, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a clay mineral 11 in a slurry state. When the clay mineral 3 is a swellable clay mineral, the swelling inhibitor 10 is added as described above. The slurry-like clay mineral 11 thus generated
Is transported to the spray nozzle 7 via the storage tank 12 or directly from the stirring tank 8 via the hose 13. Vegetation base material 5 conveyed from spraying machine 4 and slurry-like clay mineral 11
Is 3 m from the vicinity of the spray nozzle 7 or before the spray nozzle 7.
At the position of 10 m, the vegetation base 15 mixed with the unfermented plant material 2 and the clay mineral 3 is formed into a layer by spraying by merging and adding.

Nozzle 7 for spraying slurry-like clay mineral 11
The reason why the vegetation base material 5 is conveyed near or in front of the vegetation base material 5 is to consider the transportability of the vegetation base material 5. In other words, when these are transported together by the same hose, the clay mineral 3 becomes thicker and sticky as the water content of the vegetation base material 5 increases, so that the clay mineral 3 becomes blocked in the hose and cannot be transported. . In order to prevent such a blockage accident, both were conveyed by different routes, and were merged immediately before spraying.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 16 denotes a pump for conveying the clay mineral 11 in a slurry state, and reference numeral 17 denotes a net material laid on a slope. The net member 17 is a member for preventing the vegetation base 15 from collapsing. For example, a thick net member knitted with a wire net or a resin fiber can be used.

<F> Characteristics of the vegetation base Since the conventional vegetation base is mainly composed of fermented compost-like organic matter, it becomes eutrophic from the initial stage of plant growth. On the other hand, in the present invention, the unfermented plant material 12 is used, and since the aluminum ions in the clay mineral 3 suppress the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms, the plant is in an oligotrophic state from the initial stage of plant growth and for a long time. To provide the minimum necessary nutrients for the plant.

In a vegetation base mainly composed of unfermented plant material 12 into which the clay mineral 3 is not mixed, nitrogen and oxygen inside the base are taken up by microorganisms and are not supplied to the plants, so that root rot or the like may occur. Causes growth failure. In the present invention, since the presence of the clay mineral 3 suppresses the activity of microorganisms, that is, the decomposition of organic matter, it is difficult for microorganisms to deprive nitrogen and oxygen necessary for plant growth.

In the present invention, since the clay mineral 3 mixed in the vegetation base 15 functions as a binder, it is useful for preventing erosion of the vegetation base 15 due to wind and rain. Since the clay mineral 3 is a substance existing in the natural world, there is no concern that the growth of plants will be inhibited.

As described above, the vegetation base 15 according to the present invention is oligotrophic from the initial stage, and the oligotroph is supplied over a long period of time. In other words, vegetation soil that is not much different from natural soil of oligotrophic quality suitable for the growth environment of woody plants can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to introduce plants (native species) from the surroundings.

[0019]

【Example】

 [Composition of base material] Root extraction chip: 871 parts by weight Bark compost: 91 parts by weight Peat moss: 67 parts by weight Bentonite: 63 parts by weight Water: 500 parts by weight Chemical fertilizer: 4 parts by weight Seed: 1 part by weight

[Seed composition] Seed type and seeding rate (g / m
3) is as follows. Orchard grass: 11 g / m3 Creeping red festival: 24 g / m3 Medhagi: 98 g / m3 Itachihagi: 442 g / m3 Yamahagi: 492 g / m3 Total 1067 g / m3

[0021]

Comparative Example In order to confirm the characteristics of the vegetation base according to the present invention, the following tests were conducted. That is, the vegetation base material 15 according to the present invention in which the clay mineral 3 was mixed into the vegetation substrate material 5 containing the unfermented plant material 2, and the comparative example 1 in which the clay mineral 3 was not mixed and the unfermented plant material 2 was mixed. Vegetation base (same as above-mentioned composition of the present invention except clay mineral)
And a conventional vegetation base according to Comparative Example 2 using bark compost and peat moss (bark compost: peat moss = 6: 4 in volume ratio) as main materials, and a comparative test is performed on the number of germinating plants over time and the growth status. Was.

FIG. 2 shows the test results. According to FIG. 2, in both Comparative Examples 1 and 2, death of the introduced plant was observed, and there was no fact that peripheral plants were introduced. On the other hand, in the present invention, no death of the introduced plant was observed, and conversely, the number of the surrounding plants was increased due to the introduction of the surrounding plants, which proved to be excellent as a vegetation base.

[0023]

[Embodiment 2] Aggregate may be mixed in a vegetation base material. As the aggregate, in addition to naturally occurring aggregates such as gravel, recycled asphalt with adjusted particle size, recycled concrete, plastic waste material, and granules obtained by coagulating fired ash generated as industrial waste can be used. Any of the above-mentioned aggregates has a particle size in the range of 2 mm to 19 mm, more preferably 10 mm to 1 mm.
Use a material whose particle size has been adjusted to a range of 5 mm. The mixing ratio of the aggregate is preferably in the range of 20% to 70% by volume of the vegetation base material, and most preferably in the range of 30% to 50%.

[0024]

The present invention has the following unique effects. <A> Wood waste generated in large quantities at construction sites can be effectively used. <B> Even with the use of wood waste material, organic decomposition of microorganisms can be suppressed, so that nutrients can be supplied to plants over a long period of time, and the problem of plant growth failure caused by wood waste material can be resolved. <C> Since the vegetation base is oligotrophic, the growth of initially introduced plants can be suppressed. Therefore, plants can be introduced from the periphery. <D> Since eutrophication does not occur in the early stage of plant growth, it is possible to mix sows with slow-growing trees under favorable conditions. <E> Since bentonite functions as a vegetation-based binder, it is not necessary to use a conventional binder that inhibits plant growth, which is a favorable condition for germination of plants. <F> When a swelling clay mineral is used, the addition of an electrolyte swelling inhibitor can eliminate the problems of water swelling and fragility of the vegetation base due to the swelling clay mineral.

[Brief description of the drawings]

[Fig. 1] Illustration of construction method of vegetation base

FIG. 2

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Soil improving material 2 ... Unfermented plant material 3 ... Clay mineral 4 ... Spraying machine 5 ... Vegetation base material storage tank 6 ... Hose for transporting vegetation base material 7 ... Spray nozzle 8 ... Stirring tank 9 ... water 10 ... swelling inhibitor 11 ... slurry clay mineral 12 ... storage tank 13 ... slurry hose for clay mineral transport 14 ... slope 15 ... vegetation base 16 ... slurry Pump for transporting clay minerals in Japan 17 ... Net material

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation base, wherein an unfermented plant material and a clay mineral are mixed in a vegetation base formed by spraying a vegetation base material on a slope. 2. A vegetation base formed by spraying a vegetation base material onto a slope, wherein the vegetation base material is formed by mixing a clay mineral into a vegetation base material containing unfermented plant materials. 3. The vegetation base according to claim 2, wherein
A vegetation base, wherein the vegetation base material including the unfermented plant material is conveyed by air, and formed by mixing a slurry-like clay mineral near a spray nozzle. 4. The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein said unfermented plant material is a wood waste chip. 5. The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein the clay mineral is a smectite clay mineral or a kaolin clay mineral. 6. The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein the clay mineral is bentonite. 7. The vegetation base according to claim 6, wherein
A vegetation base characterized by adding an electrolyte swelling inhibitor for suppressing swelling of bentonite.