JPH10177088A - Flow control orifice - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flow control orifice that can make a fluid, such as seawater, etc., containing sediments, such as sands, etc., flow increasing the content of the sediments and can prevent a pipeline, through which the fluid flows from being blocked with the sediments. SOLUTION: The flow control orifice 31 is positioned between the parts 21a and 27a of upstream and downstream-side pipes 21 and 27, which are connected to each other in the horizontal direction. The opening 32 of the orifice 31 for making a fluid flow, is positioned so as to open the lower sections of the parts 21a and 27a including the lowest sections 21b and 27b by blocking the upper sections of the parts 21a and 27a on the inner peripheral side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flow control orifice for controlling a flow rate of a fluid containing a sedimentable substance, and a sand discharge device using the flow control orifice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in power plants such as nuclear power generation and thermal power generation, various heat exchangers have been used, and cooling water has been subjected to secondary cooling with seawater in some cases.

In such a heat exchanger utilizing seawater, it is necessary to form an iron coating for protecting the heat transfer tube on the inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer tube through which seawater flows. Therefore, the seawater to be injected into the heat transfer tube is guided from an electrolytic cell that generates iron ions so that the seawater used contains a large amount of iron ions.

In this electrolytic cell for generating iron ions, a positive electrode using a steel plate and a predetermined negative electrode are arranged, seawater flows into the electrolytic cell, and electrolysis is performed to exchange heat with the seawater containing iron ions. It was configured to flow into a bowl.

[0005] However, it is inevitable that sand contained in seawater is stored in the electrolytic cell. If the sand accumulates at a high level, the iron plate is buried in the sand and cannot be electrolyzed. A discharge pipe equipped with a valve was connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell in order to discharge the sand accumulated therein, and at a predetermined time, the valve was opened to discharge the sand collected in the electrolytic cell.

However, if the valve opening time is increased, seawater may flow too much to empty the electrolytic cell, and if the valve opening time is reduced, sand can be removed properly. In some cases, this was not possible. Incidentally, the valve opening time of the valve is theoretically 1/10 second unit (for example, 5.3 seconds).
Although the above problem can be solved by strictly controlling the valve opening, it has been difficult in practice to discharge sand properly even if the valve is controlled in such a short time unit.

Therefore, it has been proposed to provide an orifice provided with an opening in the discharge pipe so as to adjust the flow rate so that the seawater body other than the sand does not flow too much.

However, in a conventional ordinary orifice, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a circular opening is formed at the center on the inner peripheral side of the upstream discharge pipe 3 and the downstream discharge pipe 4 between which the orifice 1 is located. And the upstream discharge pipe 3
Even if the valve disposed in the orifice 1 is opened, the sand S accumulates on the lower part of the periphery of the orifice opening 2 in the upstream discharge pipe 3 on the upstream side of the orifice 1 and discharges the sand S accurately. If it is not possible and it is severe, the opening 2 of the orifice 1
May be closed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a fluid such as seawater containing a precipitating substance such as sand can be flowed at a high ratio of the precipitating substance. An object of the present invention is to provide a flow control orifice that can prevent clogging by a precipitating substance.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a sand discharging device capable of discharging sand stored in an electrolytic cell for generating iron ions without impeding electrolysis in the electrolytic cell. And

[0011]

A flow control orifice according to the present invention is a flow control orifice for controlling a flow rate of a fluid containing a precipitating substance, wherein the orifice is disposed in a horizontal direction with an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe of the fluid. An opening disposed between the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe is arranged between the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe so as to close an upper side and open a lower side including a lowermost side. In addition, it is characterized by being provided.

The opening includes an upper inner peripheral surface extending linearly in a horizontal direction, and a lower inner peripheral surface extending downward from both ends of the upper inner peripheral surface, and a height of the upper inner peripheral surface. It is desirable to dispose such that the entire inner peripheral side of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe below the position is opened.

[0013] Further, the fluid containing the precipitating substance is seawater containing sand, and the upstream pipe is connected to a bottom of an electrolytic cell for inflowing the seawater to generate iron ions. In the case of being provided with a valve for intermittently flowing seawater containing sand therein, the opening area of the opening is determined by repeating the closing and opening of the valve.
It is desirable to set the cycle time according to the amount of sand stored in the electrolytic cell.

A sand discharging device according to the present invention is a sand discharging device for preventing the accumulation of the sand in an electrolytic cell for generating iron ions by flowing seawater containing sand, and is connected to a bottom portion of the electrolytic cell. Upstream pipe, and a horizontally arranged end of the upstream pipe, a flow adjustment orifice arranged to close the end, and a flow adjustment orifice interposed therebetween, and A downstream pipe connecting the disposed end to an end of the upstream pipe, and a valve disposed on the upstream pipe and intermittently opened to flow the seawater, An opening provided in the flow rate adjusting orifice for flowing the seawater, comprising: an upper inner peripheral surface extending linearly in a horizontal direction; and a lower inner peripheral surface extending downward from both ends of the upper inner peripheral surface. The upstream pipe below the height position of the upper inner peripheral surface The electrolytic cell is disposed so as to open the entire inner peripheral side of the downstream pipe, and the opening area of the opening is one cycle time in which the valve is repeatedly closed and opened. It is set according to the amount of sand stored in the inside.

[0015]

According to the flow control orifice of the present invention,
Along with being disposed between the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe of the fluid arranged in the horizontal direction, the opening through which the fluid flows closes the upper side on the inner peripheral side of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe. It is arranged so that the lower side including the lowermost part is opened, and even if the sedimentary substance precipitates in the upstream pipe, the lowermost part where the sedimentary substance easily precipitates on the inner peripheral side of the upstream pipe Since the openings are arranged including the above, the fluid can smoothly flow to the downstream pipe while containing a large amount of the precipitating substance.

Therefore, in the flow rate adjusting orifice according to the present invention, a fluid such as seawater containing a sedimentary substance such as sand can be flowed at a high ratio of the sedimentary substance, and the sedimentary substance in the pipe through which the fluid flows is provided. Can be prevented.

Further, an upper inner peripheral surface extending linearly in the horizontal direction and a lower inner peripheral surface extending downward from both ends of the upper inner peripheral surface are provided as openings of the flow rate adjusting orifice. When the opening is arranged so as to open the entire inner peripheral side of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe below the height position of the surface, the upper inner peripheral surface of the opening is straight in the horizontal direction. Since the sedimentary substance that has settled downwards can be made to flow and the body of the fluid that does not contain the sedimentary substance can be made not to flow so much, the pipes can be more effectively blocked by the sedimentary substance. Can be prevented.

Further, in the case of the third aspect, the opening area of the opening in the flow rate adjusting orifice is stored in the electrolytic cell during one cycle of repeating valve closing and opening. The valve is set in accordance with the amount of sand to be discharged, and the intermittently opened valve allows the sand to be stored in the electrolytic cell without emptying the electrolytic cell by flowing too much seawater from the electrolytic cell. Efficient discharge is possible, and electrolysis can be performed without any trouble.

Similarly, in the sand discharger according to the present invention, the flow control orifice according to claim 3 is used, and the sand stored in the electrolytic cell for generating iron ions is not obstructed by the electrolysis in the electrolytic cell. Can be discharged without waste.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the flow rate adjusting orifice 11 of the embodiment is used for a sand discharging device M for discharging sand S stored in an electrolytic tank 15 for generating iron ions. It is arranged between the upstream discharge pipe 21 and the downstream discharge pipe 27 connected to the bottom 15 a of the tank 15.

Referring to the electrolytic cell 15, as shown in FIG. 5, a + electrode 16 made of an iron plate and a predetermined-electrode 17 are provided inside, and side portions 15b and 15c are provided.
A seawater inflow pipe 18 and an injection pipe 19 for supplying seawater L containing a large amount of iron ions F to the heat exchanger 10 are connected to each other, and an upstream discharge pipe 21 is connected to the bottom 15a. .

Referring to the heat exchanger 10, as shown in FIG. 6, the heat exchanger 10 includes two chambers, a cooling water chamber 11 for storing cooling water C and a seawater chamber 12 for storing seawater L as secondary cooling water. Have been.

The cooling water chamber 11 is provided with an inlet 11a through which the cooling water C flows, and an outlet 11b through which the cooling water C is discharged.

The seawater chamber 12 comprises three chambers: an inlet chamber 12a having an inlet 12b for seawater L, an outlet chamber 12c having an outlet 12d for seawater L, and an intermediate chamber 12e. The inlet chamber 1 is inserted so as to pass through the cooling water chamber 11.
A heat transfer tube 13 connecting the 2a and the intermediate room 12e and a heat transfer tube 13 connecting the intermediate room 12e and the outlet room 12c are provided.

As shown in FIG. 7, each of the heat transfer tubes 13 includes a tube body 13a made of aluminum brass or the like, and a tube body 13a.
And an iron coating 13b for covering and protecting the inner peripheral surface of the iron coating 13b. In order to reinforce the iron coating 13b, the seawater L containing a large amount of iron ions F is supplied from the electrolytic cell 15 into the inlet chamber 12a. Has been introduced.

Reference numeral 20 in FIG. 5 denotes an injection pump for flowing seawater L from the electrolytic cell 15 into the inlet chamber 12a.

As shown in FIG. 5, the sand discharge device M includes an upstream discharge pipe 21, a flow rate adjusting orifice 31, a downstream discharge pipe 27, and a solenoid valve 23 disposed in the upstream discharge pipe 21.
And is provided.

The upstream discharge pipe 21 is connected to the bottom 1 of the electrolytic cell 15.
A solenoid valve 23, which is bifurcated and connected to 5a and is opened at regular intervals, is provided. And orifice 3
The end 21a on one side is arranged in the horizontal direction.

The downstream discharge pipe 27 has an orifice 31 interposed and connects an end 27 a disposed in the horizontal direction to an end 21 a of the upstream discharge pipe 21. In addition, the end part side which is not illustrated extends to the sea surface side.

The orifice 31 for adjusting the flow rate is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of gaps are formed between the flange 24 of the horizontally disposed end 21 a of the upstream discharge pipe 21 and the flange 28 of the horizontally disposed end 27 a of the downstream discharge pipe 27. It is arranged so that it may be clamped using a set of bolts 25 and nuts 26.

The discharge pipes 21 and 27 are formed in a cylindrical shape from reinforced plastic mixed with glass fiber or the like.
The orifice 31 is formed from an iron plate. Reference numeral 29 denotes an annular packing. In the case of the embodiment, the inner diameters of the discharge pipe ends 21a and 27a are both 5
cm.

The orifice 31 contains seawater L containing sand S.
An opening 32 for flowing air is formed on the lower side, and the opening 3
The shape of No. 2 is provided so as to linearly connect the upper end of the lower inner peripheral surface 32b with the arc-shaped lower inner peripheral surface 32b along the lower side of the inner peripheral surfaces of the discharge pipe ends 21a and 27a. And an upper inner peripheral surface 32a.

It should be noted that the upper inner peripheral surface 32a is
It may be longer than the horizontal width at the height of the upper inner peripheral surface 32a on the inner peripheral side of 27a, and the lower inner peripheral surface 32b is the lowermost part on the inner peripheral side of the ends 21a and 27a. 2
By arranging 1b and 27b in the opening 32, a U-shape (in this case, it can cover the entire inner peripheral side of the end portions 21a and 27a lower than the height position of the upper inner peripheral surface 32a). The shape of the opening 32 may be a rectangular shape).

The opening area of the opening 32 depends on the electromagnetic valve 23.
Is set in accordance with the amount of sand S stored in the electrolytic cell 15 during one cycle of repeating the valve closing and valve opening.

By the way, in the case of the embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 23 is opened for 5 seconds with 6 hours as one cycle, and the electromagnetic valve 23 is closed for the other periods.
It is set so that the sand S stored during the time can flow to the downstream discharge pipe 27 side.

More specifically, seawater L is constantly flowing into the electrolytic cell 15 through a seawater inflow pipe 18, and the seawater L is supplied for two months.
About 100 liters of sand S flows in. Therefore, in 6 hours, 200000 cm ³ / (60 days × 24 hours ÷ 6 hours) = 833.3 cm ³ of sand S will be stored,
In order to discharge this in 5 seconds, 833.3 cm ³ ÷ 5
Discharge of 167 cm ³ / s per second is required.

In the case of the embodiment, the test is repeated to open a lower third (the height in the vertical direction is about 17 mm) in a circular shape corresponding to the diameter of the pipe ends 21a and 27a. The opening area was set as follows.

In the orifice 31 of this embodiment, as described above, the end 21a of the discharge pipe 21 serving as the upstream pipe of the seawater L and the end 27a of the discharge pipe 27 serving as the downstream pipe are disposed horizontally. And an opening 32 for flowing seawater L closes the upper side of the inner peripheral side between the upstream discharge pipe end 21a and the downstream discharge pipe end 27a, and the lowermost 21b. Even if the sand S is settled on the upstream discharge pipe end 21a, the sand S is settled on the inner peripheral side of the upstream discharge pipe end 21a. Since the opening portion 32 is arranged including the lowermost portion 21b, which is easy to operate, the seawater L can flow to the downstream discharge pipe 27 side in a state where the sand S is contained in a large amount.

Accordingly, in the flow rate adjusting orifice 31 of the embodiment, the seawater L containing the sand S can be flowed at a high ratio of the sand S, and the discharge pipe 21 through which the seawater L flows is prevented from being blocked by the sand S. be able to.

Further, an upper inner peripheral surface 32 extending linearly in the horizontal direction as an opening 32 of the flow rate adjusting orifice 31.
a and a lower inner peripheral surface 32b extending downward from both ends of the upper inner peripheral surface 32a, and an upstream discharge pipe end 21a and a downstream discharge pipe lower than the height position of the upper inner peripheral surface 32a. When the entire inner peripheral side with the end 27a is opened, the upper inner peripheral surface 32a of the opening 32 is formed linearly in the horizontal direction. Since the seawater main body L0 which does not contain the sand S of the seawater L can be prevented from flowing so much, the discharge pipe 21 can be more effectively prevented from being blocked by the sand S.

In the sand discharger M using the flow rate adjusting orifice 31 as in the embodiment, the opening area of the opening 32 in the flow rate adjusting orifice 31 repeats the closing and opening of the solenoid valve 23. At the time of the cycle, the amount of the sand S stored in the electrolytic cell 15 is set, and the electromagnetic valve 23 which is intermittently opened causes the seawater main body L0 to flow too much from the electrolytic cell 15 to perform electrolysis. The sand S stored in the electrolytic tank 15 can be effectively discharged without emptying the tank 15, and the electrolysis can be performed without any trouble.

The setting of the valve opening time of the solenoid valve 23 for 5 seconds is the minimum time during which the sand S can be effectively flowed, and if the valve is opened for more than 6 seconds, Even if the opening area of the opening 32 is appropriate, the electrolytic cell 1
In the case of the embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 23 is opened in a state in which the state in which the seawater L flows so that the space 5 is emptied, or a state in which the accumulation of the sand S in the electrolytic cell 15 cannot be prevented. The time is set to 5 seconds, and by adjusting the opening area of the opening 32, variation is prevented, sand S is discharged, and sand S is discharged.
The discharge of the seawater main body L0 other than the above is suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a conventional orifice.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a state where a conventional orifice is used.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an orifice according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a state where the orifice of the embodiment is used.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an electrolytic cell used in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchanger used in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a portion VII in FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 31: orifice, 2, 32: opening, 3.21, (upstream pipe) upstream discharge pipe, 4.27 ... (downstream pipe) downstream discharge pipe, 15: electrolytic cell, 21b, 27b ... Lowermost, 23: (valve) solenoid valve, 32a: upper inner peripheral surface, 32b: lower inner peripheral surface, S: (precipitable substance) sand, L: (fluid) seawater, L0: seawater body, F: iron ion , M: Sand discharging device.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A flow rate adjusting orifice for adjusting a flow rate of a fluid containing a precipitating substance, wherein the orifice is disposed between an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe of the fluid disposed in a horizontal direction. The flow opening is arranged so that the upper side of the inner peripheral side of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe is closed and the lower side including the lowermost part is opened. Adjusting orifice. 2. The upper inner peripheral surface of the upper inner peripheral surface, comprising: an upper inner peripheral surface extending linearly in a horizontal direction; and a lower inner peripheral surface extending downward from both ends of the upper inner peripheral surface. The flow rate adjusting orifice according to claim 1, wherein the orifice is disposed so as to open the entire inner peripheral side of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe below a height position. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid containing the precipitating substance is seawater containing sand, and the upstream pipe is connected to a bottom portion of an electrolytic cell that causes the seawater to flow to generate iron ions. A valve for intermittently flowing seawater containing sand therein, wherein the opening area of the opening is stored in the electrolytic cell during one cycle of repeating the closing and opening of the valve. 3. The flow control orifice according to claim 2, wherein the orifice is set in accordance with the amount of sand to be formed. 4. A sand discharging device for preventing accumulation of the sand in an electrolytic cell that generates iron ions by flowing in seawater containing sand, comprising: an upstream pipe connected to a bottom portion of the electrolytic cell; At the horizontally arranged end of the upstream pipe, a flow adjustment orifice arranged to close the end, and with the flow adjustment orifice interposed, the horizontally arranged end is A downstream pipe connected to an end of the upstream pipe, and a valve disposed on the upstream pipe and flowing the seawater intermittently opened, and provided at the flow rate adjusting orifice. The opening through which the seawater flows has an upper inner peripheral surface extending linearly in the horizontal direction, and a lower inner peripheral surface extending downward from both ends of the upper inner peripheral surface, and a height of the upper inner peripheral surface Between the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe below the position The amount of sand stored in the electrolytic cell during one cycle time in which the opening area of the opening portion is repeated so as to open and close the valve while being arranged so as to open the entire peripheral side. A sand discharging device, which is set corresponding to the above.