JPH10177051A - Electromagnetic wave generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an electromagnetic wave having a large electric field intensity outputtable, by bringing each gap switch of Marx circuit into closed state with a trigger circuit and outputting electromagnetic wave using electric energy obtained from capacitors connected in series. SOLUTION: By impressing a voltage to a charging terminal, each of capacitors C1 to Cn constituting a Marx circuit is charged to voltage E. Then, by operating switches and activating a trigger circuit 10, each of gap switches S1 to Sn of the Marx circuit is brought into closed state, the capacitors C1 to Cn are connected in series, the voltage between the two ends of the Marx circuit becomes n (number of capacitors) times of voltage E and so as high voltage is obtained. The current caused by this high voltage is supplied to an antenna 20 and electromagnetic wave having electromagnetic energy according to the quantity of supplied current from the antenna generates. Besides, by changing the charged voltage E of the capacitors C1 to Cn , electromagnetic wave having a desired electromagnetic intensity can be generated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating high-output electromagnetic waves, and more particularly to an apparatus suitable for use in, for example, evaluating the noise resistance of various electronic devices against electromagnetic noise.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various devices for generating electromagnetic waves have been proposed. For example, according to the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-157792, a gap switch is provided between two conductor plates constituting an antenna, and the direction in which the gap of the gap switch is opened is determined by the above-mentioned 2nd.
There has been proposed an electromagnetic wave generator in which two conductor plates are parallel to the direction in which they face each other, and another gap switch in which a resistor is connected in parallel to a gap switch of a power supply is connected in series to the gap switch.

[0003] This electromagnetic wave generator is intended to generate an electromagnetic wave with a fast rise time, and is a device capable of reducing the rise time to about 5 (ns).

[0004]

As described above, many conventional electromagnetic wave generators have been developed for the purpose of shortening the rise time.

However, the electromagnetic wave generator has various uses depending on the magnitude of its output. If the output is relatively small, it can be used, for example, for testing electromagnetic noise immunity of various electronic devices.If the output is relatively large, electromagnetic waves generated at a remote location can be used as antennas at the base station. And can be used in a system or the like for detecting the position where an electromagnetic wave is generated.

Therefore, it has been desired to realize an electromagnetic wave generator capable of changing the output to a desired value and outputting a high-power electromagnetic wave. It has also been desired to realize a trigger signal for generating an electromagnetic wave having a simple and compact configuration using explosives.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave generator capable of outputting a high-output electromagnetic wave, the output of which can be set to a desired value. It is to provide an electromagnetic wave generator.

Another object of the present invention is to use an explosive for generating a trigger signal for generating an electromagnetic wave.
An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave generator having a simple device configuration.

[0009]

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a plurality of capacitive elements for charging a voltage applied to a charging terminal and one side of each capacitive element are connected to each other. A Marx circuit including a resistive element that sequentially connects the other side to each other, and a plurality of gap switches provided so that each of the capacitive elements is connected in series when the switch is in a closed state; And an antenna for receiving the supply of electric energy obtained from each capacitance element and radiating it as an electromagnetic wave when each gap switch is in a closed state.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, a gap switch that is closed when an output voltage of the Marx circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, and the gap switch, And a waveform shaping circuit for shaping a voltage waveform obtained via the electromagnetic wave generator.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of capacitive elements for charging a voltage applied to a charging terminal, a resistive element for sequentially connecting one side of each capacitive element and the other side thereof, When the switch is closed, a plurality of gap switches provided so that each capacitive element is connected in series, and a Marx circuit including, when each gap switch is closed, the electric energy obtained from each capacitive element An antenna for receiving the supply and radiating it as an electromagnetic wave, and a switch closed state setting unit for closing each gap switch, the switch closed state setting unit becomes an explosive, and becomes a plasma when the explosive explodes An electromagnetic wave generator is provided, wherein a gas is stored in a storage container, and the plasma is configured to close each gap switch.

According to the present invention, a plurality of capacitive elements for charging a voltage applied to a charging terminal, a resistive element for sequentially connecting one side and the other side of each capacitive element, When the switch is closed, a plurality of gap switches provided so that each capacitive element is connected in series, and a Marx circuit including, when each gap switch is closed, the electric energy obtained from each capacitive element Receiving the supply, an antenna for radiating as an electromagnetic wave, and a switch closed state setting unit for closing each gap switch, the switch closed state setting unit, a detonating wire linear explosive, An electromagnetic wave generator is provided, comprising a metal tube provided therearound and configured to close each gap switch when the metal tube explodes.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect, the switch closed state setting section further includes a circuit for generating a start signal when a predetermined time has elapsed from the time of setting, and a circuit for generating the start signal. In response to the detonation himself
And an electric detonator for detonating the explosive.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The electromagnetic wave generator 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a Marx circuit, a trigger circuit 10, and an antenna 20.

The Marx circuit comprises capacitors C ₁ , C ₂ ,
, C _n-2 , C _n-1 , C _n are arranged in parallel, one terminal of each capacitor is connected in sequence by resistors R ₂ ,..., R _n-3 , R _n-1. The terminals on the other side of the capacitors are connected in sequence by resistors R ₁ , R ₃ ,..., R _n-2 , R _n , and a gap switch is provided so that each capacitor is connected in series when the switch is closed. S ₁ , S ₂ , ...,
This is a circuit provided with S _n-1 and S _n .

The trigger circuit 10 has a function of closing each gap switch when it is activated. For example, the trigger circuit 10 includes a battery and a high-voltage pulse generator that receives a voltage supplied from the battery and generates a high-voltage pulse. It is feasible. Note that a high-voltage pulse generator that outputs a high-voltage pulse can be realized by various electronic devices using a known technique, and thus will not be described in detail here.

The antenna 20 converts electric energy into electromagnetic energy and emits an electromagnetic wave when electric power is supplied. The antenna 20 is implemented by an antenna of a monopole type, a biconical type, a pyramidal horn type, or the like. It is possible.

The electromagnetic wave generator 100 is provided with a switch and a charging terminal, and the trigger circuit 10 is activated by operating the switch,
Further, by applying a voltage to the charging terminal, each capacitor constituting the Marx circuit can be charged. Then, by setting the applied voltage to a desired value, each capacitor is charged with a desired voltage.

The operation of the electromagnetic wave generator 100 will now be described.
explain about. First, apply a voltage to the charging terminal to
Capacitor C₁, C_Two, ..., C_n-2, C _n-1, C_nFilling
Charge each capacitor so that the voltage becomes the desired voltage.
Keep going. At this time, charging of one capacitor
Let the voltage be E.

When the switch is operated, the trigger circuit 10
The gap switch S is activated.₁, S_Two,…,
S_n-1, S_nIs closed. Each gap switch
S₁, S _Two, ..., S_n-1, S_nIs closed.
Densa C₁, C_Two, ..., C_n-2, C_n-1, C_nIs connected in series
And the voltage across the Marx circuit becomes n of E
(The number of capacitors) times, high voltage is obtained,
The current flowing by this high voltage is supplied to the antenna 20
Is done.

The antenna 20 which receives the power supply generates an electromagnetic wave having electromagnetic energy corresponding to the received current supply amount. In this embodiment, it is possible to generate an electromagnetic wave having a high output power (corresponding to a large electric field intensity), and also from a low intensity to a high intensity by changing a charging voltage of a capacitor. Electromagnetic waves having various electric field strengths can be generated, and electromagnetic waves having a desired electric field strength can be generated by changing a charging voltage of a capacitor. Even when the charging voltage is a relatively low voltage, when supplied to the antenna, by the operation of the Marx circuit,
Since a high voltage state can be generated, and only a low voltage is required for the operator to handle, an effect that a device that is convenient for the operator can be realized is also obtained.

The circuit shown in FIG. 2 is a circuit for connecting between the Marx circuit and the antenna 20 in FIG. This circuit includes a gap switch 14 that is closed at a predetermined voltage (V1) or higher, and a waveform shaping circuit 16 that includes a transformer that performs voltage conversion (the converted voltage is V2). By connecting this circuit between the Marx circuit and the antenna 20 in FIG. 1, when a voltage equal to or higher than V1 is applied to the gap switch 14, the gap switch 14 is closed and converted by the transformer. The applied voltage V2 is applied to the antenna 20, and it is possible to more strictly generate an electromagnetic wave having a desired electric field strength. The transformer also has a function of matching the impedance of the antenna with the impedance on the power supply side of the transformer and increasing the radiated power of the antenna.

FIG. 5 shows the charging voltage (unit: kV) of one capacitor and the electric field intensity of the electromagnetic field output from the antenna (unit :) when a Marx circuit composed of 15 capacitors is used. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship with the measurement of the distance from the antenna (measured at a distance of 5 (m) from the antenna). Antenna A is a biconical antenna, antenna B
Is a monopole antenna having an antenna length of 2 (m), and antenna C is a monopole antenna having an antenna length of 4 (m).

As can be seen from the graph for antenna A, it is possible to change the electric field strength of the output electromagnetic field by changing the charging voltage of the capacitor. When the electric field strength is relatively small, it is conceivable to use the present device for evaluating electromagnetic noise resistance of various electronic devices. Specifically, by irradiating an electromagnetic wave radiated from the antenna to the device to be evaluated and evaluating the damage state thereof, it is possible to evaluate the electromagnetic wave noise resistance.

On the other hand, when the electric field strength is relatively large,
Electromagnetic waves radiated from this device can be detected by an antenna of a receiving base station and used for a system that can grasp the location of the device. According to such a usage mode, it is possible to notify the user of his / her existing position on the sea or in a mountainous area.

Next, an electromagnetic wave generator 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is characterized by a trigger function for closing a gap switch of a Marx circuit.

As shown in FIG. 2, an electromagnetic wave generator 200
Has a Marx circuit, an antenna 20, a storage container 30 including an electric detonator 40 operating as a trigger circuit, and a start signal generating circuit 50 for supplying a start signal to the electric detonator 40 by operating a switch 60. I have. Further, a charging terminal for applying a voltage to charge each capacitor constituting the Marx circuit is provided.

As described in the first embodiment, the Marx circuit includes capacitors C ₁ , C ₂ ,..., C _n−2 ,
C _n-1 and C _n are arranged in parallel, one terminal of each capacitor is connected in sequence by resistors R ₂ ,..., R _n-3 and R _n-1 , and the other terminal of each capacitor is connected The resistance R ₁ ,
R ₃ ,..., R _n−2 , R _n , and gap switches S ₁ , S ₂ ,..., S _n− such that the capacitors are connected in series when the switches are closed. ₁ , S
_n is a circuit provided with _n .

Similarly to the antenna described in the first embodiment, when power is supplied, the antenna 20 converts this electric energy into electromagnetic energy and emits electromagnetic waves. Mold, biconical mold,
It can be realized by a pyramidal horn type antenna or the like.

The activation signal generation circuit 50 is a circuit for supplying an activation signal to the electric detonator 40 after a predetermined time has elapsed since the operation of the switch 60. Such a circuit employs various known techniques. Since it can be realized by an electronic device, a detailed description will not be given here.

The storage container 30 stores an explosive and an argon gas, and further includes an electric detonator 40 for detonating the explosive. As the electric detonator 40, a No. 6 electric detonator for mining and industrial use, an electric detonator for seismic exploration (high accuracy in time), a gas pipe detonation system, and a nonel system (both systems are non-electric detonation systems and are based on the surrounding electric current A malfunction can be prevented and high reliability) can be used.

Explosives include explosives such as dynamite, hydrous explosives, nitrite explosives, and nitrate oil explosives, PETN,
A single product such as RDX, HMT, and TNT, or a mixture of two or more thereof, or a product obtained by adding an oxidizing agent such as an oil-based or silicon-based binder or a nitrate or chloric acid thereto may be used.

Now, the operation of this device will be described. First,
A voltage is applied to the charging terminal, and each of the capacitors C ₁ , C ₂ ,
.., C _n-2 , C _n-1 , and C _n are charged in advance so that the voltages of the capacitors become desired voltages. At this time, the charging voltage of one capacitor is E.

When the switch 60 is operated, the start signal generating circuit 50 starts operating. The activation signal generation circuit 50 supplies an activation signal to the electric detonator 40 after a predetermined time. When this activation signal is supplied, the electric detonator 40 explodes, explosives explode, and argon gas becomes plasma and is blown to the gaps of the gap switches, so that the gap switches are closed.

Each of the gap switches S ₁ , S ₂ ,..., S
_{When n-1} and _Sn are closed, the capacitors C ₁ , C ₂ ,
..., C _n-2 , C _n-1 , C _n are connected in series, and the voltage across the Marx circuit is equal to n of E (the number of capacitors).
As a result, a high voltage is obtained, and a current flowing by the high voltage is supplied to the antenna 20. The antenna 20 receiving the power supply generates an electromagnetic wave having electromagnetic energy corresponding to the received power supply amount.

According to this embodiment, an extremely high-output electromagnetic wave is generated, and a device incorporating a simple and small trigger circuit using explosives can be realized. Of course, the magnitude of the electromagnetic wave output can be changed to a desired value by changing the charging voltage. In addition, since a relatively low voltage is used for starting the electric detonator 40 and charging each capacitor, the device design and handling are convenient.

Also in this embodiment, by connecting the circuit shown in FIG. 2 between the Marx circuit and the antenna 20, it is possible to more strictly generate an electromagnetic wave having a desired electric field strength. Becomes

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the trigger circuit. An electric detonator 40 is provided on a detonating wire 70 which is a linear explosive, and the detonating wire 70 has a structure inserted into a hollow metal tube 80.

When the start signal is supplied, the electric detonator 40 detonates and the detonating wire 70 explodes, destroying the metal tube and closing each gap switch with the metal fragments blown off by the blast. This is to operate the Marx circuit. Even if this is used as a trigger circuit, it is possible to realize a device that generates an extremely high-output electromagnetic wave with a simple and small configuration using explosives.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a simple, compact, and high-output electromagnetic wave generating device, and to change the magnitude of the output to a desired value by changing the charging voltage. It is possible. Further, it is possible to realize a device incorporating a simple and small trigger circuit using explosives.

[0041]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the trigger circuit closes each gap switch provided in the Marx circuit, and connects each capacitance element constituting the Marx circuit in series. Since the electromagnetic energy is output from the antenna upon receiving the supply of the electric energy obtained from each capacitance element, an electromagnetic wave having a large electric field intensity is generated. The magnitude of the output can be changed to a desired value by changing the charging voltage of the capacitor.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the gap switch is closed when the output voltage of the Marx circuit becomes a predetermined value or more, and the waveform shaping circuit is provided. Shaping the voltage waveform, it is possible to obtain an effect that the power to be supplied to the antenna can be set more strictly.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the gas which becomes a plasma state when the explosive explodes closes each gap switch provided in the Marx circuit, and connects each capacitance element constituting the Marx circuit in series. Since the connection state is established, and the electromagnetic energy is output from the antenna while receiving the supply of the electric energy obtained from each capacitance element, an electromagnetic wave having extremely large electric field intensity is generated. The electromagnetic wave having an extremely large electric field strength can be obtained with a simple configuration, and the device itself becomes small. Of course, the magnitude of the output can be changed to a desired value by changing the charging voltage of the capacitor.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a detonating wire having a linear explosive and a metal tube provided therearound are provided, and the metal tube explodes to close each gap switch. With such a configuration, the electromagnetic energy is output from the antenna while receiving the supply of the electric energy obtained from each of the capacitive elements, so that an electromagnetic wave having an extremely large electric field intensity is generated. According to the third or fourth aspect, a simple and compact trigger circuit using explosives can be realized.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the invention, the explosive explodes due to the explosion of the explosive due to the explosion of the electric detonator to which the start signal is given after a predetermined time has elapsed from the setting, and the gas in the plasma state is generated. Since the operation of closing each gap switch is automatically performed, an effect of realizing a device with a simple configuration that can easily handle each gap switch in a closed state can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an electromagnetic wave generation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a trigger circuit.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an electromagnetic wave generation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another trigger circuit.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a relationship between a charging voltage and the intensity of an electromagnetic wave.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Trigger circuit 14 Gap switch 16 Waveform shaping circuit 20 Antenna 30 Storage container 40 Electric detonator 50 Start signal generation circuit 60 Switch 70 Detonating wire 80 Metal tube 100 Electromagnetic wave generator 200 Electromagnetic wave generator

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of capacitive elements for charging a voltage applied to a charging terminal, a resistive element for sequentially connecting one side and the other side of each capacitive element, and each capacitive element when a switch is closed. A plurality of gap switches provided so as to be connected in series, a Marx circuit including: a trigger circuit for closing each gap switch; and an electric current obtained from each capacitance element when each gap switch is closed. An electromagnetic wave generator having an antenna for receiving energy supply and radiating as electromagnetic waves. 2. The gap switch according to claim 1, further comprising: a gap switch that is closed when an output voltage of the Marx circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value; and a waveform for shaping a voltage waveform obtained through the gap switch. An electromagnetic wave generator comprising a shaping circuit. 3. A plurality of capacitance elements for charging a voltage applied to a charging terminal, a resistance element for sequentially connecting one side and the other side of each capacitance element, and each capacitance element when a switch is in a closed state. A plurality of gap switches provided so as to be connected in series, and a Marx circuit including, when each gap switch is in a closed state, receiving electric energy obtained from each capacitance element and radiating it as an electromagnetic wave And a switch closed state setting unit that closes each gap switch. The switch closed state setting unit stores an explosive and a gas that becomes plasma when the explosive explodes in a storage container. An electromagnetic wave generator, wherein the plasma is configured to close each gap switch. 4. A plurality of capacitance elements for charging a voltage applied to a charging terminal, a resistance element for sequentially connecting one side and the other side of each capacitance element, and each capacitance element when a switch is in a closed state. A plurality of gap switches provided so as to be connected in series, and a Marx circuit including, when each gap switch is in a closed state, receiving electric energy obtained from each capacitance element and radiating it as an electromagnetic wave And a switch closed state setting unit that closes each gap switch. The switch closed state setting unit includes a detonating wire having an explosive in a linear shape, and a metal tube provided around the detonating wire. An electromagnetic wave generator configured to close each gap switch when a metal tube explodes. 5. The explosive according to claim 3, wherein the switch closed state setting unit further generates a start signal when a predetermined time elapses from the setting, and the explosive itself receives the start signal and explodes. And an electric detonator for detonating the electromagnetic wave.