JPH10169538A - Guide vane control device for generator water wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control device capable of driving and position controlling by one kind motor, and using a common motor even the size and shape of a spiral casing are different. SOLUTION: This control device is constituted so as to be that the bar-like stator for a linear motor 79 is fitted to a spiral casing 11 side, a moving element 53 moving about linearly is connected to a guide ring 21 side, the stator is composed of a spindlelike fixed side yoke and permanent magnets arranged at constant intervals in the outer periphery of the yoke, and the moving element 53 is composed of a square tubular movable side yoke and coils arranged at equal intervals in the inner periphery of the yoke. In this case, when an open or close command is inputted, a three-phase A.C, current flows in the coils to obtain driving force in an open or close direction for the stator and the moving element 53 to begin movement, and the opening of a guide vane 16 is gradually controlled in the open or close direction. Thus, driving and position controlling can be made by one kind motor, also a common motor can be used even the size and shape of the spiral casing are different.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a guide vane control device for a power generation turbine for controlling the opening degree of a guide vane such as a Francis turbine and a propeller turbine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hydraulic type and an electric type are known as operating systems for operating a guide vane provided in this type of water turbine. The hydraulic type is widely used from large capacity machines to small capacity machines, and the electric type is used for small capacity machines.

A conventional guide vane control device for an electric power generation turbine will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. The water sent from the dam is guided to the spiral casing 11,
The air passes through a number of guide vanes 16 and is drawn into the suction pipe 15 in a spiral shape.
The main shaft 13 provided with turns to generate electric power. Here, it is necessary to issue a command to increase or decrease the opening degree of the guide vane 16 in accordance with the fluctuation of the water amount, the fluctuation of the power consumption, and the like, and to promptly control the output of the turbine.

[0004] The guide vanes 16 are provided in the spiral casing 1.
The center of the disk-shaped cover 12 is rotatably supported by a vane shaft 17, and the protruding portions of the vane shaft 17 are sequentially connected to a first link 18, a shaft 20, and a second link 19. The other end of the second link 19 is connected to a guide ring 21 and is supported by a shaft 22. An electric drive device 30 is provided outside the spiral casing 11 and is connected via a drive arm 23. The electric drive device 30 reduces the rotation of the motor 25 by the speed reducer 26, and controls the rotation / revolution of a ball screw, a ball nut, and the like.
Transmitted to the slide shaft 29 via the reciprocating motion converting means 27,
It is connected to a drive arm 23 by a drive shaft 24.

The motor 25 rotates forward or backward in response to a control signal for opening and closing the guide vanes 16 in response to fluctuations in water volume, fluctuations in power consumption, and the like, so that the speed reducer 26 and the rotation / reciprocation conversion means 27 are rotated. The guide ring 21 connected to the drive arm 23 is rotated forward or backward to control the opening degree of the guide vane 16 to a predetermined value. In addition, the electric driving device 30
Is slightly transversely moved in accordance with the forward and backward movements of the slide shaft 29, so that a rotatable swing absorbing means 28 for coping with the transverse swing is provided at the base end. If the slide shaft 29 is connected to a pressure oil device including a hydraulic cylinder or the like as a drive source instead of a motor, a hydraulic system is used.

Problems with Electric Drive (1) Since the electric drive device 30 is provided separately from the outside of the spiral casing 11, the size of the device is increased, and a large size is required for installing the electric drive device 30. Requires space. (2) the gear of the speed reducer 26, the ball screw and the ball nut in the rotation / reciprocation conversion means 27, the swing absorption means 28,
The dustproof means covering the movable part is not only structurally complicated, but also has a limited use period due to metal fatigue due to mechanical contact and the like. (3) The gears of the speed reducer 26, the ball screws and the ball nuts in the rotation / reciprocation conversion means 27 need to be replaced at regular intervals due to wear and rust, grease replacement, torque gap calibration, and other troublesome periodic inspections. is necessary. (4) Because of mechanical transmission, precise processing accuracy is required to improve control response. In addition, if rattling occurs in each part of the mechanism, control response may be adversely affected.

Problems of Hydraulic Type (1) Since a hydraulic oil device including a pump, a tank, a pressure adjusting device, and the like is required, the size of the device becomes larger than that of the electric type.
In addition, a large space for installing the driving device is required. (2) Periodic maintenance management for oil change, O-ring change, oil leak, etc. takes time and effort. (3) Since oil is used, there are problems with resources and the environment. (4) Like the electric type, the structure of the mechanical transmission mechanism is complicated.

In order to solve the above problems, the present applicant has already proposed a guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-1).
No. 88907). This means that the spindle 13 with runner 14
The guide vanes 16 provided on the guide ring 21 are rotated by the water flow from the spiral casing 11 to the suction pipe 15.
In the turbine, the output of the turbine is controlled by the opening of
A primary stator 36 of the motor is provided on the spiral casing 11 side, and a rotor of the motor is provided on the guide ring 21 side. The motor includes one or a plurality of driving induction type linear motors and one or a plurality of A guide vane driving device for a water turbine for power generation, comprising a position control pulse type motor, which is arranged concentrically around the guide ring 21 to control the opening and closing of the guide vanes 16.

In such a configuration, when the opening command signal is input, an alternating current flows through the first drive motor 33,
Since the guide ring 21 integrated with the induction rotor portion 40 starts moving, the guide vanes 16 are gradually opened. When the opening of the guide vane 16 reaches the target value, the opening is maintained. At this time, the first drive motor 33 and the second drive motor 34 are both turned on to maintain the opening degree in a forward-reverse balance state, and the position control motor 35
Apply current to it. It is determined whether or not the opening is within the position accuracy error range. If the opening is outside the error range, the motor is moved clockwise by 0.5 or 1 step by the position control motor 35. Conversely, if the target value has already been exceeded, 0.
Move counterclockwise by 5 or 1 step.

[0010]

With the improved guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation as described above, the size of the device can be reduced, and no extra space is required for installing the device. In addition to the capacity machine, it can be used more effectively than the medium capacity machine, and has the effects that periodic inspection and other maintenance are unnecessary, and that the control response is good.

[0011] However, the improved guide vane control device for the water turbine for power generation also has some problems. In other words, two types of motors, ie, one or a plurality of drive induction type linear motors and one or a plurality of position control pulse type motors, are required as the control motors. The concentric configuration of the motor varies depending on the size of the spiral casing 11 due to the concentric arrangement around the outer periphery of the motor.

An object of the present invention is to provide a motor which can be driven and controlled by one type of motor and which can use a common motor even if the size and shape of the spiral casing are different.

[0013]

According to the present invention, a main shaft 13 with a runner 14 is drawn from a spiral casing 11 into a suction pipe 1.
In a water turbine that is rotated by the water flow to 5 and controls the output of the water turbine by the opening degree of the guide vanes 16 provided on the guide ring 21, the rod-shaped stator 52 of the linear motor 79 is attached to the spiral casing 11 side, A mover 53 of a linear motor 79 that is loosely fitted to the stator 52 and moves forward and backward substantially linearly is connected to the guide ring 21 side, and the stator 52 includes a shaft-shaped fixed yoke 54 Permanent magnets 59 are arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed yoke 54 at regular intervals substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mover 53, and the mover 53 has a rectangular tubular movable yoke 61 and a movable side yoke 61. A guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation, comprising coils 62 arranged at equal intervals around the inner periphery of a yoke 61.

When the opening command is input, the linear motor 79
, A three-phase alternating current flows through the coil 62. Fixed yoke 5
Since the stator 52 including the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet 59 is fixedly attached, the movable element 53 including the coil 62 and the spacer 60 is provided with a propulsive force in the opening direction, and starts moving.
The movement of the mover 53 gradually releases the guide vanes 16. Guide ring 21 starts to rotate, and guide vane 1
6 begins to open.

When the speed of the guide ring 21 is high, an output signal from the speed detection unit 77 is sent to the speed control circuit 71, and compared with the specified speed deviation value by the comparison circuit 70. The guide ring 21
To adjust the speed of the guide ring 21. When the speed of the guide ring 21 is low, the speed detection unit 7
7 is sent to a speed control circuit 71, which is compared with a designated speed deviation value by a comparison circuit 70, and the current of the linear motor 79a is increased by the shortage, and a forward force is applied to the guide ring 21 to reduce the speed. Speed up. When the opening of the guide vane 16 reaches the target value, the opening is maintained. At this time, 2
The linear motors 79 are both turned on, and are in a state of being balanced with the thrust of the load.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 11 denotes a spiral casing. A disk-shaped cover 12 is fixedly attached to a central portion of the spiral casing 11. At the center of the cover 12, a suction pipe 15 is provided, and a main shaft 13 with a runner 14 is rotatably provided. At the other end of the main shaft 13, a power generator (not shown) is provided.

On the entire periphery near the outer peripheral edge of the cover 12,
A plurality of, for example, 18 guide vanes 16 are provided rotatably by a vane shaft 17 at intervals of a central angle of 20 degrees. A first link 18 is connected and fixed to each of the vane shafts 17. A second link 19 is rotatably connected to the other end of the first link 18 by a shaft 20.
The other end of the link 19 is supported by a shaft 22 on a guide ring 21 rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the cover 12.

The base plate 5 is provided on the upper surface of the guide ring 21 outside the spiral casing 11 at intervals of 180 degrees.
1 are fixed, and linear motors 79, 79 are mounted on these base plates 51, respectively.

The linear motor 79 is mounted on the base plate 5.
The shaft fixing plates 56 are attached to both ends of the upper surface of the base 1, and the stator 52 is fixedly attached between them. This stator 5
Numeral 2 is constituted by arranging a large number of square bar-shaped permanent magnets 59 at regular intervals on the four outer peripheral surfaces of the fixed side yoke 54 made of a square bar-shaped magnetic material at right angles to the longitudinal direction. Non-magnetic spacers 6 such as aluminum between 59
0 is interposed. Further, the permanent magnet 59 is configured as shown in FIG.
, The odd-numbered upper surface is N, the lower surface is S,
The even-numbered upper surface is arranged so as to be S and the lower surface as N. A support shaft 55 is attached to both ends of the fixed yoke 54 and is fixed to the shaft fixing plate 56. A stopper 57 having a cushion 58 at the tip is attached to the shaft fixing plates 56 at both ends.

The movable element 53 has a large number of coils 62 wound around a coil bobbin in the same direction as the permanent magnet 59 on an inner peripheral wall surface of a movable yoke 61 formed of a magnetic material in a rectangular cylindrical shape. It is configured. In FIG. 6, assuming that the permanent magnets 59 are electrically arranged at intervals of 180 degrees, the coils 62 are arranged at intervals of 60 degrees without any gap. And these coils 62 are
If A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3,...
Are the U-phase, A2, B2,... Are the W-phases, A3, B3,.
The direction at the beginning of winding is alternately normal and reverse sequentially from one end.

The movable element 53 thus configured is loosely fitted on the outer periphery of the stator 52 with a small gap, and both ends are covered with a nonmagnetic cover 63. A sliding shoe 65 is provided on the bottom plate portion of the mover 53, and is provided movably while sliding while being fitted to the rail 64 on the upper surface of the base plate 51. Further, pins 66 project from the top plate portion and the bottom plate portion of the mover 53, and are fitted into the long holes 67 of the horizontal arm 68 provided extending from the drive arm 23.

The movable yoke 61 of the movable element 53 has
The arm 83 is fixed, and a nut 82 is provided at the tip of the arm 83. A screw 80 is screwed into the nut 83. Both ends of the screw 80 are supported on the base plate 51 by bearings 82, 82. A pole position detector 76 is provided at one end of the screw 80 via a coupler 84 and a speed reducer 85, and an encoder 86 is connected thereto.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control circuit. The opening degree command circuit 69, the comparison circuit 70, the speed control circuit 71, the phase control circuit 72, the current control circuit 73, the power circuit 74,
Current detector 75, pole position detector 76, speed detector 7
7. It comprises an opening detector 78 and a linear motor 79.

The guide vanes 16 having the above configuration
Opening / closing control will be described with reference to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8. FIG. (1) It is assumed that, for example, a command to “set the opening to 80%” is output from the opening command circuit 69 in a state where the turbine is stopped and the opening of the guide vane 16 is 0%. Opening command signal,
If the signal from the opening detection unit 78 matches, “is the servo opening the same?” Is YES, but the opening command signal is 80%,
Since the signal from the opening detection unit 78 is 0%, the determination is NO and the process proceeds to the next step.

If "is the opening smaller than the command?" Is YES, the command signal is sent to the power circuit 74 via the comparison circuit 70, the speed control circuit 71, the phase control circuit 72, and the current control circuit 73. The U-phase currents of the three-phase alternating currents flow simultaneously through (A1, B1, C1, D1,...) Of the coils 62 of the two linear motors 79 to be excited, and the mover 53 is moved up (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6). Start moving to. Then the W phase (A
2, B2, ...) → V phase (A3, B3, ...) → U phase (A
1, B1,...) → are sequentially excited. Then, the mover 53 of the linear motor 79 moves continuously. The movement of the mover 53 causes the second link 19 and the first link 1 to move.
The guide vane 16 is gradually opened by rotating the vane shaft 17 through the opening 8 to increase the opening.

More specifically, (A) in the coil 62
1, B1,...) (U phase) and (A2, B2,.
(A3, B3,...) (V phase) are given sinusoidal currents having a phase shift of 120 degrees as shown in FIG. Since the permanent magnets 59 are arranged so that N and S alternate, the same direction (for example, the opening direction)
Thrust is obtained. 6 and 7, the mover 53 is used.
In this example, the moving distance of the image is 360 degrees with respect to 204 mm.

If "is the opening smaller than the command?"
One of the three-phase alternating currents is switched, and the coils 62 of the two linear motors 79 are connected to the V-phase (A1, B1,...) →
W phase (A2, B2, ...) → U phase (A3, B3, ...) → V
Excitation is sequentially performed in the order of phases (A1, B1,...). Then, the mover 53 of the linear motor 79 moves continuously. The movement of the mover 53 causes the second link 19, the first
The vane shaft 17 is rotated via the link 18, and the guide vane 16 is gradually closed to reduce the opening.

When the opening of the guide vane 16 reaches the target value, the opening is maintained by balancing the current value of the linear motor 79 and the load thrust. After the opening is detected, when the opening exceeds the error range, the opening is detected by the opening detecting section 78 and fed back to the comparison circuit 70 to control the position within the error range by the same operation as described above.

(2) The speed of the main shaft 13 is detected by the speed detector 77 and fed back to the speed control circuit 71.
"Is the speed a target value?" If YES, proceed to the next step; if NO, "Is the speed lower than the target value?"
Is determined. This "is the speed lower than the target value?"
If S, processing of the up signal is performed, and if NO, processing of the down signal is performed and the speed is controlled to a constant value.

(3) Since the phase of the guide vane 16 is interlocked with the moving position of the mover 53, the screw 80 is rotated via a nut 82 in accordance with the movement of the mover 53, Pole position detecting unit 7 to be linked
At 6, the phase of the guide vane 16 is detected. This phase detection signal is fed back to the phase control circuit 72 to determine "is the phase relationship good?" If YES, the process proceeds to the next step. If NO, "is the phase advanced?" If YES, the phase is delayed, and if NO, the phase is advanced and the phase is controlled to a predetermined value.

(4) The current sent from the power circuit 74 to the coil 62 is detected by the current detection unit 75 and fed back to the current control circuit 73, where "is the current value a target value?"
Is determined. If YES, proceed to the next step, NO
Then, "is the current value smaller than the target value?" YE
If S, the current is increased, and if NO, the current is decreased and the target value is controlled. As described above,
The speed, phase, and current values are controlled to set values, respectively, and the linear motor 79 is driven by the output from the power circuit 74 to obtain the target value of the turbine output.

When a stop signal is input from the opening degree command circuit 69, when the current value of the linear motor 79 is reduced, the guide vanes 16 are closed by a self-closing force based on water pressure. Here, there is a so-called one-stage closing in which the guide vane 16 is closed at a constant speed at a stretch, and a so-called two-stage closing in which the guide vane 16 is closed at a high speed halfway and slowly closed from the middle.
It is determined by the relationship between the rate of increase in rotation and the rate of increase in water pressure during load rejection. When the opening of the guide vanes 16 becomes 0%, the water turbine stops.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the case where two linear motors 79, 79 are provided at an interval of 180 degrees has been described. Or a single unit may be used when used in a small capacity machine.
Further, a guide ring 21 is provided not only on the same surface of the spiral casing 11 but also on the other surface of the guide vane 16 on the side of the vane shaft 17 and is connected via a first link 18 and a second link 19. A plurality of linear motors 79 may be provided on 21.

In the above embodiment, the stator 52 constituting the linear motor 79 has a square rod shape, and the mover 53 has a square tubular shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be a polygon.

In the above embodiment, two linear motors 7
9 and 79 are wound in the same direction so that the three-phase power supply is switched so as to function for forward rotation and reverse rotation. However, the present invention is not limited to this. One linear motor 79 and the other linear motor are used. Depending on the winding direction of the coil 62 of 79, it can be used for normal rotation and for reverse rotation.

In the above embodiment, the permanent magnet 59 is mounted as the rod-shaped stator 52 on the spiral casing 11 side, and the coil 62 is mounted as the movable element 53 on the guide ring 21 side. 62 may be attached to the fixed side.

Although the linear motor 79 of the above-described embodiment has been described with respect to the case where the rod-shaped stator 52 and the movable element 53 move forward and backward linearly, the linear motor 79 includes a motor that moves slightly forward and backward with a slight curve.

[0038]

According to the present invention, a linear motor 79 is provided on one of the spiral casing 11 side and the guide ring 21 side.
And a movable member 53 of a linear motor 79 which is loosely fitted to the stator 52 and moves forward and backward. The stator 52 is connected to a shaft-shaped fixed yoke 54 and a fixed side yoke 54. On the outer periphery of the yoke 54, there are permanent magnets 59 arranged at regular intervals substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mover 53,
The mover 53 has a rectangular tubular movable yoke 61 and coils 62 arranged at equal intervals around the inside of the movable yoke 61. Therefore, only one type of motor for control needs to be used, one or more linear motors for both driving and position control. The structure is extremely simple and the control circuit is also simple.

Further, since the linear motor has a structure that moves substantially linearly, it is not necessary to arrange it concentrically around the outer periphery of the guide ring 21, and even if the spiral casing 11 has a different size or capacity, it has the same shape. Can be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of a linear motor 79 used in the guide vane control device of the power generation turbine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a linear motor 79 used in the guide vane control device of the power generation turbine according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control circuit used in the guide vane control device of the power generation turbine according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a development view of a stator 52 and a mover 53 used in the guide vane control device of the power turbine for power generation according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a three-phase coil current waveform diagram of the coil 62 of the mover 53 used in the guide vane control device of the water turbine for power generation according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a conventional electric drive device 30.

FIG. 10 shows a guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation proposed earlier according to the present application, wherein (a) is a front view,
(B) is a sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

11: spiral casing, 12: cover, 13: spindle,
14 runner, 15 suction tube, 16 guide vane, 17 vane shaft, 18 first link, 19 second link, 20 shaft, 21 guide ring, 22 shaft, 23
... Drive arm, 24 ... Drive shaft, 25 ... Motor, 26 ... Reducer, 27 ... Rotation / reciprocation conversion means, 28 ... Swing absorption means, 29 ... Slide shaft, 30 ... Electric drive device, 33
... First drive motor, 34 ... Second drive motor, 35 ...
Position control motor, 36 ... primary stator, 37 ... fixed base,
38 ... iron core, 39 ... winding, 40 ... induction rotor part, 41
... Pulse type rotor part, 42 ... Permanent magnet, 50 ... Base plate, 51 ... Base plate, 52 ... Stator, 53 ... Movator, 5
4 ... fixed side yoke, 55 ... support shaft, 56 ... shaft fixing plate, 5
7: stopper, 58: cushion, 59: permanent magnet, 6
0: spacer, 61: movable yoke, 62: coil, 6
3 ... Cover, 64 ... Rail, 65 ... Sliding shoe, 66 ... Pin, 67 ... Elongated hole, 68 ... Horizontal arm section, 69 ... Opening command circuit, 70 ... Comparison circuit, 71 ... Speed control circuit, 72 ... Phase Control circuit, 73: current control circuit, 74: power circuit,
75: current detector, 76: pole position detector, 77: speed detector, 78: opening detector, 79: linear motor, 8
0: Screw, 81: Bearing, 82: Nut, 83: Arm, 84: Coupler, 85: Reducer, 86: Encoder.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoichi Haruki 2940 Shinyoshida-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. 2940 Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Yokohama Office (72) Inventor Hideaki Koike 2940 Shinyoshida-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A spindle 13 with a runner 14 is rotated by a water flow from a spiral casing 11 to a suction pipe 15,
In a turbine for power generation in which the output of a turbine is controlled by the opening degree of a guide vane 16 provided on a guide ring 21, a rod-shaped stator of a linear motor 79 is mounted on one of the spiral casing 11 and the guide ring 21. The movable vane 53 of a linear motor 79 that is loosely fitted to the stator 52 and moves forward and backward is connected to one of the spiral casing 11 side and the guide ring 21 side to open and close the guide vane 16. And a guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation. 2. A bar-shaped stator 52 of a linear motor 79 is mounted on the spiral casing 11 side, and a movable element 53 of a linear motor 79 which is loosely fitted to the stator 52 and moves forward and backward is connected to the guide ring 21 side. The guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The stator 52 includes an axial fixed yoke 54.
And permanent magnets 59 arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed side yoke 54 at regular intervals substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the mover 53, and the mover 53 is a rectangular cylindrical movable yoke 61.
3. The guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation according to claim 1, further comprising: coils 62 arranged at equal intervals around the inner periphery of the movable yoke 61. 4. 4. The coils 62 are sequentially arranged as a set of three such that the applied three-phase power is sequentially switched, and the permanent magnets 59 are formed by alternately arranging NS for every three of the coils 62. The guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: 5. The guide vane control device for a water turbine for power generation according to claim 1, wherein the winding start direction of the coil 62 is sequentially and alternately reversed.