JPH10163737A - Primary radiator for antenna for satellite reception and converter for satellite reception - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a primary radiator for efficiently receiving radio waves from a satellite while being miniaturized and reducing gain reduction concerning a small diameter multibeam antenna for narrow separation. SOLUTION: Around the outer periphery of circular waveguides 1a and 1b parallelly provided at a prescribed interval, a 1st choke 2a having the depth of almost 1/4 wavelength is formed and further around that outer periphery, a 2nd choke 2b is formed so that a primary radiator 3 can be constituted. A substrate 4 is arranged on the bottom of circular waveguides 1a and 1b, and a feeding point 5 is provided so as to be positioned at the center of the base of circular waveguides 1a and 1b by printing wiring formed on this substrate 4. Moreover, a terminal part 6 is formed on the base part of primary radiator 3. By forming the chokes 2a and 2b around the circular waveguides 1a and 1b, the opening face terminal parts of circular waveguides 1a and 1b become theoretically infinite impedances, the backward current rather than the opening face terminal part can be suppressed and the backward radiation of primary radiator 3 can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna and a satellite receiving converter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a small-aperture multi-beam antenna for receiving a plurality of satellites located at relatively small intervals with a single reflecting mirror, the primary radiators corresponding to the respective satellites are spaced apart from each other. In a narrow arrangement using a normal flare horn, there is a problem that each flare horn comes into contact and a primary radiator cannot be constructed structurally. For example, 4 of 12GHz band
If a primary radiator of a 45 cmφ dual beam antenna system that receives two satellites separated by two degrees is used, the horn interval is about 25 mm. If the primary radiator of this antenna is constituted by a normal flare horn as shown in FIG. 14, the aperture diameter is about 30 mm, and cannot be structurally constituted. In order to realize this antenna system, it is necessary to set the aperture diameter of the primary radiator to be 25 mm or less. However, the circular waveguide of the EIAJ (Japan Electronic Machinery Manufacturers Association) WCI-120 is required. Is used, the inner diameter of the waveguide is 17.475 mm, so that the flare angle of the horn is substantially close to 0 ° in consideration of product production. That is, the horn has a circular waveguide cutting opening as shown in FIG.

FIG. 14A is a front view of a conventional flare horn type primary radiator, and FIG.
It is A 'sectional drawing. FIG. 15A is a front view of a conventional circular waveguide type primary radiator, and FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.

In FIG. 14, reference numeral 31 denotes a flare-guided waveguide provided on a substrate 32. A feed point 33 is provided by the printed wiring formed on the substrate 32 so as to be located at the center of the bottom surface of the circular waveguide 31.

A circular waveguide type primary radiator shown in FIG. 15 has a circular waveguide 3 instead of the flared waveguide 31.
The other configuration is the same as that of the flare horn type primary radiator in FIG.

FIG. 16 shows the directivity characteristics of the circular waveguide type primary radiator. When the reflector is offset, the illumination angle of the primary radiator is about 40 °. In the directivity shown in FIG. 16, since the leakage power of the irradiation of the reflector is large and the unevenness of the electric field is large within the irradiation range of the reflector, the antenna gain is reduced.

As means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, a method of reducing the horn aperture diameter, a method of using a linear antenna for coaxial feed, or a traveling wave type such as a circular waveguide feed type polyrod antenna is used. A method of using the antenna as a primary radiator is conceivable.

[0008]

However, when the primary radiator is constructed by the above-mentioned conventional method, the current from the feeding point becomes
The radiator flows backward from the end of the horn opening or the end of the base plate of the linear antenna, and the primary radiator directivity has a large amount of radiation other than the irradiation to the reflecting mirror. As a result, the antenna gain is reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a primary radiator and a primary radiator-integrated satellite receiving converter with a small gain reduction in a small-diameter multi-beam antenna for narrow separation. With the goal.

[0010]

According to the present invention, a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to the present invention comprises two or more primary radiator openings which are juxtaposed at predetermined intervals, and an outer periphery of the plurality of openings. And a choke having a depth of about 1/4 wavelength, which is provided at least one or more in common with the above.

With the above configuration, the impedance at the end of the opening surface becomes theoretically infinite, so that the current flowing backward from the end of the opening surface can be suppressed, and the radiation toward the rear of the primary radiator can be prevented. Thus, it is possible to efficiently receive radio waves from a plurality of satellites.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of a primary radiator of a small-diameter multi-beam antenna for satellite reception according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is A in FIG. 1 (a). It is -A 'sectional drawing.

In FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), 1a, 1b
Is a circular waveguide of a predetermined length, which is provided integrally with an interval of several mm. A primary radiator opening is formed by the circular waveguides 1a and 1b. Then, the circular waveguide 1
A first choke 2a composed of a groove having a depth of about 1/4 wavelength is formed on the outer periphery of a and 1b, and a second choke 2b similar to the first choke 2a is formed on the outer periphery thereof. . The circular waveguides 1a and 1b and the chokes 2a and 2b
Forms the primary radiator 3. A substrate 4 is disposed at the bottom of the circular waveguides 1a and 1b. This substrate 4
Of the circular waveguides 1a, 1
The feeding point 5 is provided so as to be located at the center of the bottom surface of b.
Further, a terminal portion 6 is formed on the bottom surface of the primary radiator 3.
The primary radiator 3 and the terminator 6 are made of, for example, aluminum or the like.

When the primary radiator 3 is used as a primary radiator of a 45 cm dual beam antenna system for receiving radio waves from, for example, two satellites at 4 ° apart in the 12 GHz band, the inner diameters of the circular waveguides 1 a and 1 b are 17. 475mm,
The center interval is set to about 25 mm.

By forming the chokes 2a and 2b around the circular waveguides 1a and 1b as described above, the ends of the opening surfaces of the circular waveguides 1a and 1b have a theoretically infinite impedance, and the It is possible to suppress a current flowing backward from the end of the surface, and to prevent radiation backward from the primary radiator 3. As a result, the power leaking from the reflector is reduced, and an antenna gain substantially equal to that when a normal flare horn is used can be obtained.

FIG. 2 shows the primary radiator directivity. Compared with the conventional directivity shown in FIG. 16, the leakage power and the unevenness of the electric field within the reflecting mirror irradiation range are also improved. The antenna gain in this case is almost the same as when a flare horn is used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first choke 2a adjacent to the circular waveguides 1a, 1b is used to form a second choke for impedance matching with the circular waveguides 1a, 1b. It may be formed lower than the wall on the 2b side.

In the above embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by using a horn having a small flare angle instead of the circular waveguides 1a and 1b. (Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a primary radiator 3 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment is an example in which the second choke 2b is removed from the primary radiator 3 according to the first embodiment. In the primary radiator 3 according to the second embodiment, the improvement in the directivity of FIG. 2 in the first embodiment is not seen, but the antenna efficiency is improved up to around 60%.

(Third Embodiment) FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are front views of a primary radiator 3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The primary radiator 3 according to the third embodiment includes a choke 2 in order to prevent the directivity shown in FIG.
The shape of (2a, 2b,...) Is formed on the circular line at the center of each circular waveguide, and the shape where the circles intersect is removed.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which only the first choke 2a is provided, FIG. 6 shows an example in which the first and second chokes 2a and 2b are provided, and FIG. 7 shows first, second and third examples. Chalk 2
This shows an example in which a, 2b, and 2c are provided.
In the example shown in FIG. 6, the second choke 2b provided on the outside has the same shape as that of the first embodiment. However, like the first choke 2a, the second choke 2b is on the circular line at the center of the circular waveguide. May be formed.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show
It is a front view of primary radiator 3 concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. This third embodiment shows an example of the configuration of the primary radiator 3 for three satellites.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which one choke 2a is provided outside the circular waveguides 1a, 1b, 1c. FIG. 9 shows that one choke 2a is provided outside the circular waveguides 1a, 1b, 1c, and the circular waveguides 1a, 1b, 1c are provided.
This shows an example in which b and 1c are arranged in a “U-shape” due to the difference in elevation angle difference between satellites. For example, the openings are arranged in a “H” shape from the extension of the arrangement of the two circular waveguides 1 a and 1 b according to the elevation angle of each satellite.

FIG. 10 shows that two chokes 2a, 2b are provided outside the circular waveguides 1a, 1b, 1c, and the circular waveguides 1a, 1b, 1c are adjusted to the height difference between the satellites. FIG. 7 shows an example of a case where the elements are arranged in a “shape”.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 11A is a front view of a primary radiator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG.

The fifth embodiment shows an example in which a dielectric 10 is loaded in circular waveguides 1a and 1b in order to converge a beam. In this example, a case where one choke 2a is provided is shown.

(Sixth Embodiment) FIG. 12A is a front view of a primary radiator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.

The sixth embodiment shows an example in which a linear antenna 12 such as a dipole, helical, polygonal antenna, or the like is mounted on a ground plane 11. That is, a plurality of, for example, two circular openings 13a, 13b are provided at intervals of several mm in a base plate 11 formed of aluminum or the like, and the linear antennas 12 are respectively provided at the center portions of the openings 13a, 13b. Provide. The power supply to the linear antenna 12 is performed from the power supply point 5 provided on the ground plane 11. In the base plate 11, a choke 2a having a depth of about 1/4 wavelength is formed on the outer periphery of the openings 13a and 13b.

Even when the linear antenna 12 is provided as shown in the sixth embodiment, the same effects as those of the above embodiments can be obtained. In the sixth embodiment, the case where one choke 2 is provided is shown.
Needless to say, a plurality of chokes may be formed as in the above embodiments.

(Seventh Embodiment) FIGS. 13A and 13B
Shows an example of a case where a satellite receiving converter 20 is configured using the primary radiator 3 according to the present invention. FIG. 13A is a front view of a satellite receiving converter 20 according to the seventh embodiment, and FIG. 13B is a side view of the same.

13A and 13B, reference numeral 21 denotes a case having a built-in converter main body, which is attached to a reflecting mirror (not shown) via an arm 22. An angle adjusting mechanism 23 is provided at a converter support portion by the arm 22, and the mounting angle of the converter 20 can be adjusted by a long hole 24 and a screw 25. The primary radiator 3 shown in each of the above embodiments is attached to one surface of the converter case 21, that is, the surface facing the reflecting mirror.

By constructing the satellite receiving converter 20 integrated with the primary radiator 3 as described above, one converter 20 can receive radio waves from a plurality of satellites and can reduce the size. .

[0033]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, 2
A single horn or circular waveguide with at least one flare angle and one or more chokes of about 1/4 wavelength are provided around it, so that the end of the aperture face is theoretically infinite. The impedance becomes an impedance, so that the current flowing backward from the end of the aperture can be suppressed, the radiation behind the primary radiator can be prevented, and radio waves from a plurality of satellites can be received efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a front view of a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
AA 'sectional drawing of.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing directivity of a primary radiator in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary front view showing an application example of the primary radiator according to the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an exemplary front view showing an application example of the primary radiator according to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an exemplary front view showing another application example of the primary radiator according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a front view of a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an exemplary front view showing an application example of the primary radiator according to the embodiment;

FIG. 10 is an exemplary front view showing another application example of the primary radiator according to the embodiment;

11A is a front view of a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11B is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.

12A is a front view of a primary radiator of a satellite receiving antenna according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.

13A is a front view showing a configuration of a satellite reception converter according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13B is a side view showing the same.

14 (a) is a front view of a conventional flare horn type primary radiator, and FIG. 14 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'of FIG. 14 (a).

15 (a) is a front view of a conventional circular waveguide type primary radiator, and FIG. 15 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 15 (a).

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing directivity of a conventional primary radiator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a, 1b Circular waveguide 2a, 2b Choke 3 Primary radiator 4 Substrate 5 Feed point 6 Termination 10 Dielectric 11 Ground plate 12 Linear antenna 13 Circular opening 20 Converter 21 Converter case 22 Arm 23 Angle adjusting mechanism 24 Long Hole 25 screw

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hirofumi Higuchi 1406 Hasunuma, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture Yagi Antenna Inside Omiya Plant Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein two or more primary radiator openings are juxtaposed at predetermined intervals, and at least one or more primary radiator openings are provided in common on the outer periphery of the plurality of openings. A primary radiator for a satellite receiving antenna, comprising: 2. The two or more primary radiator openings arranged side by side at a predetermined interval, a beam converging dielectric provided in each of these openings, and a common outer periphery of the plurality of openings. And at least one choke having a depth of about 1/4 wavelength. 3. The three or more primary radiator openings which are juxtaposed at predetermined intervals, and the depth of about ４ wavelength provided at least one or more in common on the outer periphery of the plurality of openings. Wherein the plurality of primary radiator openings are arranged in accordance with the elevation angle of the satellite. 4. A base plate, two or more linear antennas juxtaposed on the base plate, and a depth of about 1/4 wavelength provided at least one common at the outer periphery of the plurality of linear antennas. A primary radiator for a satellite receiving antenna, comprising: a choke having: 5. A converter for satellite reception, comprising a primary radiator according to claim 1 and a converter body provided integrally.