JPH10160160A - Method for predicting accidental fire of high temperature regenerator burner and apparatus for predicting accidental fire of the burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an accidental fire from happening beforehand by finding in an early time a potential trouble which might cause an accidental fire of a high temperature regenerator burner provided in an absorptive cold/hot water machine. SOLUTION: For ensuring a flame of a burner it is necessary for a function of a pilot burner to be sound. Provided the function of the pilot burner is deteriorated, a flame current of the pilot burner is reduced so that the pilot burner flame current is detected plural times, and if the average current is near a reference value F0 , the operation is judged to be within a safety range. If it is in an alarming range illustrated in the figure, the burner is judged to be serviced as easrly as possible, while if it is in a danger range illustrated in the figure, the burner is judged to be serviced quickly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention diagnoses a burner provided as a heat source in a high-temperature regenerator constituting an absorption chiller / heater, and solves a potential problem that may cause a misfire failure. The present invention relates to a method for determining the presence / absence and the degree of the problem, and an apparatus suitable for implementing the above method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view schematically showing the construction of an absorption chiller / heater, in which the arrangement of a combustion system in an absorption chiller / heater and the demand for its technical meaning are shown. FIG. For example, in the case of an ammonia-type absorption chiller / heater, an aqueous ammonia solution is sealed in a closed circulation system and is heated in a high-temperature regenerator 1 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas of ammonia and water vapor, which is evaporated, absorbed, and regenerated. → Refrigeration cycle of condensation → evaporation is repeated. A furnace tube (also referred to as an inner tube) 6 is provided in the high-temperature regenerator 1, and a burner (to be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 5).
A flame is blown from above to heat the aqueous ammonia solution.
Since the refrigeration cycle converts the heat energy given from the flame to generate a temperature difference between cold and hot water, the burner (not shown) is an energy source of the absorption chiller / heater. Without it, the function of generating cold and hot water cannot be achieved.

FIG. 5 shows a burner that blows a flame into the furnace tube (inner tube) shown in FIG. 4 described above. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main burner and a pilot burner for igniting the main burner. FIG. 2 is a diagram to which an ignition electric system and a flame current detection system of the pilot burner are additionally shown. The main burner 7 is supplied with the gas fuel G via the main burner solenoid valve 8 to generate a main flame 9.
In order to ignite the main burner 7, a pilot burner 11 for blowing a pilot flame 10 toward a space where the main flame 9 is to be formed is provided. The pilot burner 11 is branched and supplied with a part of the gas fuel G via a pilot gas solenoid valve 12. In order to ignite the pilot burner 11, a pulse voltage of 8000 volts generated by the ignition transformer 13 is applied to the spark rod 14 to cause spark discharge. In order to detect whether or not the pilot flame 10 is generated, an electrode 15 called a frame rod is disposed with its tip positioned in a “space in which the pilot flame 10 is to be formed”, and an alternating current 20 is provided.
A voltage of 0 volt is applied. The flame rod 15 is also called a rectifying flame detector, and is used to detect the presence or absence of a flame by utilizing the fact that it has a half-wave rectifying action due to the gradient of ion concentration in the flame. I have.
In other words, the pointer does not swing even when a pure alternating current flows through the DC ammeter A, but when the pilot flame 10 undergoes incomplete half-wave rectification to generate a DC component, the DC ammeter A slightly swings. Although the value of the DC component is a weak current in microamperes, the presence or absence of a flame can be detected by performing amplification detection using an electronic amplifier circuit (not shown). However, since the flame current of the DC component flowing through the flame rod described above changes depending on the position of the flame rod, the air-fuel ratio, and the like, in the related art, the combustion state is detected by analyzing the magnitude and change of the flame current value. That could not be done.

[0004] The main flame 9 of the main burner 7 is the driving force of the chiller / heater. If the flame disappears during operation (for example, a misfire or a fire), the generation of cold and hot water stops. It causes great damage. For example, if a chiller / heater is used for air conditioning inside a building,
When the function of the water heater stops, not only the living environment and working environment of indoor occupants deteriorate remarkably, but also the human life of patients if the building is a hospital, and the quality of products if it is a factory. In the case of a tourist facility such as a hotel or a cafeteria, there is a possibility that a serious loss may be caused, for example, in connection with the credit of a company. Under these circumstances, it is very important to ensure the burner's flame holding reliability.

[0005]

The maintenance and management of air conditioning equipment is not only very important, but also requires specialized advanced technology, specialized equipment and special tools. Is normal. The production of air conditioning equipment is an important part of the secondary industry, but today its maintenance is also
It is an important tertiary sector. The service company responsible for the maintenance of the above-mentioned air conditioning equipment is on standby 24 hours a day, with immediate response, but it is not always the case that there is no accidental and simultaneous failure at multiple locations. Despite its efforts in regular inspection and maintenance, sudden failures cannot be eradicated. Therefore, if it is possible to predict the occurrence of a failure at a potential stage of the occurrence of the trouble and determine the degree of the growth of the potential trouble, it is highly desirable to secure the operational reliability of the air conditioning equipment. In addition, the absorption chiller / heater is an important device in all the air conditioners, and the ratio of troubles related to the vaginal misfire of its failure statistics cannot be ignored. Conventionally, with a focus on theoretically analyzing the combustion state of the main burner, a pressure sensor is provided to monitor the air-fuel ratio,
Provision of an oxygen sensor or carbon dioxide sensor to monitor the degree of complete combustion, provision of a visible light sensor or invisible light sensor to detect the presence or absence of a flame, and provision of a temperature sensor (thermocouple) Or has been detected. Although the "good or bad combustion state" can be directly grasped by these conventional techniques, it is not possible to detect the presence or absence and the degree of a potential trouble. Metaphorically,
In the prior art, the main focus was on the main burner's physical fitness test, but what is really important is to prevent internal diseases such as arteriosclerosis that can potentially progress without subjective symptoms and suddenly cause a seizure one day. It is to detect.

In addition, since sensors such as the oxygen sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, visible light sensor and invisible light sensor are expensive, the monitoring mechanism according to the prior art has a high manufacturing cost. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, without using a large number of expensive sensors, the presence or absence of a potential problem that hinders the function of the combustion system, and,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of detecting the degree of the misfire and predicting a misfire of a high-temperature regenerator burner. If a potential malfunction that could cause a misfire can be detected,
Even if the dispatch dynamics are reduced for four hours (for example, the number of waiting staff is reduced), it is expected that the flame holding reliability will be ensured, and the operation of the maintenance equipment and the arrangement of replacement parts can be smoothly performed with a margin.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object (improvement of flame holding reliability by detecting a potential defect), the present inventors have paid attention to the importance of a pilot burner, and have studied the pilot burner frame. It has been found that the temporal change of the current and the potential failure have a correlation. This is an empirical fact based on statistics we have accumulated over many years. The importance of pilot burners is
(A) Even if the flame of the main burner temporarily disappears for some reason, if the flame of the main burner is maintained, the flame of the main burner is revived as soon as the air-fuel ratio of the main burner is restored,
There is no danger of causing great damage.
The pilot burner frame current, as described with reference to FIG. 6, is indicative of a potential malfunction of the pilot and main burners. The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above object will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 6 showing a temporal change of a pilot burner frame current. Although the pilot burner frame is continuously held during the operation of the main burner, FIG. 6 shows that the pilot burner is ignited by the ignition spark discharge at the start of operation of the water heater and the main burner is ignited by the flame of the pilot burner. 4 is a chart showing a temporal change of a frame current of a pilot burner in a period until the current changes. About 65 seconds after the start of the measurement, when the ignition was turned on and spark discharge started, the frame current g almost immediately rose to a peak value (the line jumped upward from the graph and the line was cut), and the ignition was turned off. Until 70 seconds, the flame current g shows a relatively high value under the influence of the spark discharge. (Period T ₁ ). Until the main burner is ignited at about 76 seconds (period T ₂ ), the pilot burner is independently burned. After 76 seconds (period T ₃ ), the pilot burner and the main burner continue burning together. Among the period T ₂ in which the pilot burner is solely burning, except the initial remaining influence of the ignition, the period T _4, except for the end of life of affected Menbana the pilot burner flame current is relatively stable. Pilot burner flame current value in the stable period T _4, because affected by the position and the air-fuel ratio of the flame rod, but it is very difficult to calculate by calculating the flame current value, the stock of a combustion system equipment When the state is specified and completely maintained, the value becomes substantially constant (hereinafter, this is referred to as a reference value and used as data for a misfire prediction calculation). Therefore, by specifying a monitoring target model, as long as the full development state is held, the pilot burner flame current value in the stable period T ₄ does not vary. Looking at it from the opposite side, when you are monitoring to identify the monitoring target model, the pilot burner flame current value in the stable period T ₄ is the variation, it will be appreciated that the maintenance state is deteriorated. According to the accumulation of empirical data by the present inventors, the change in the frame current due to the deterioration of the maintenance appears as a downward trend, and the more serious the potential defect is, the greater the reduction is. The relationship between the reduction rate and the failure (the degree of potential wear) can be determined experimentally by specifying the combustion system equipment. Further, by detecting the ignition delay time or the like, more accurate prediction can be made.

[0008] Based on the principle described above, claim 1
The invention method of the invention is a method for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high temperature regenerator provided with a pilot burner, wherein a flame rod is provided in advance on the pilot burner, and the ignition of the pilot burner in the pilot burner combustion region is performed during ignition operation including daily operation. By detecting the flame current and comparing the value of the flame current with a predetermined reference value, or comparing the value of the flame current with the history data of the high temperature regenerator to be monitored, the combustion mechanism The present invention is characterized in that the presence or absence of a potential trouble that hinders normal combustion is determined by detecting the wear, fouling or misalignment of the components constituting the device, and determining the risk of misfire. According to the method of the first aspect described above, it is not necessary to use expensive sensors such as an oxygen sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor, and the burner is ignited without any abnormalities in the sensual sense of the operator in charge of operation. However, even if a normal flame is occurring, if there is any potential malfunction,
It can be detected as an abnormality in the pilot burner frame current value.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first aspect of the present invention, an ignition delay time until the flame of the pilot burner is stabilized after starting the spark discharge by the ignition means, and / or The ignition delay time until the main burner is ignited after the flame of the pilot burner stabilizes is also detected, and when at least any one of the ignition delay times increases compared to a predetermined value, or in a plurality of detections When the ignition delay time tends to increase, it is estimated that a potential trouble leading to misfire has occurred and is growing. According to the method of the invention described in claim 2 described above, since the extension of the ignition time delay of the pilot burner indicates that the maintenance condition related to the combustion conditions of the pilot burner is inadequate, it is necessary to perform inspection and maintenance around the pilot burner. Can be detected. Where and how the pilot burner is worn cannot be identified by ignition delay alone, but if it is found that there is any potential trouble that may cause ignition delay, a specialist engineer will inspect around the pilot burner. By doing so, it is possible to find out without any particular difficulty, and it is possible to prevent a serious loss due to the misfire of the pilot burner. Similarly, when the ignition delay of the main burner is detected, it is possible to prevent a serious loss due to the non-ignition of the main burner.

The method according to the third aspect of the present invention includes, in addition to the constituent elements of the method according to the first aspect of the present invention, For the monitoring target machine, the current value specified in the design, or b. (C) The frame current value of the pilot burner measured in a normal state after the monitoring target machine is installed, tested, and inspected, or The monitoring target machine is regularly maintained, a test run is performed according to a new product, and a pilot burner frame current value measured in a normal state after inspection is used. According to the above-described method of the third aspect of the present invention, reliable prediction can be performed by using the pilot burner frame current value of the monitoring target machine in the complete maintenance state as the reference value. In this case, if the manufacturer of the absorption chiller / heater puts the value of the pilot burner frame current in the shipping inspection item and manages it, the misfire prediction can be performed based on the above item a (design value). If not, it is desirable to use the term b (installed measurement value). Further, after the complete overhaul is performed (overhaul), it is desirable to perform the overhaul based on the value at the time of the complete overhaul completion inspection (the above item C). Either of these methods enables reliable misfire prediction.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the first aspect of the present invention, a warning value smaller than a reference value set for a frame current of a pilot burner,
And, a warning value smaller than the above warning value is set, and if the flame current value of the pilot burner in the pilot burner combustion region is lower than the warning value, a warning lamp is turned on, and the warning current is lower than the warning value. In this case, the horn is activated. According to the above-described method of the present invention, a warning means is provided which divides a growth state of a potential malfunction which may cause a misfire into two stages and gives an appropriate sense of urgency according to the growth stage. . In other words, at the alert level where the danger of misfire is not yet imminent, the lamp is turned on so as not to hinder the silence of the machine room. Even so, since the horn is activated so that the user can be alerted without apprehension, there is enough time to give some allowance before a misfire occurs.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the first aspect of the present invention, an average allowable current value decrease rate per ignition operation is determined for the pilot burner flame current value. Or, regarding the flame current value of the pilot burner, an allowable decrease rate with respect to the passage of the calendar day is determined, and when the decrease rate of the pilot burner frame current value in the ignition operation for a plurality of times is larger than any of the allowable decrease rates, It is determined that potential wear leading to the risk of misfire is in progress.
According to the invention method of claim 5 described above, with respect to a potential problem that may lead to a misfire, the danger of a misfire is predicted mainly based on the degree of progress of the wear, depending on the degree of wear at the present time. (It does not ignore the current level of wear). By performing such multi-faceted monitoring, the prediction of misfire can be prevented from being overlooked, and the reliability of prediction can be further improved.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first aspect of the present invention, the measurement of the pilot burner frame current value includes the steps of: Start when a predetermined time of one second or more has elapsed after the ignition stops, b. At a predetermined time within 10 seconds after the ignition stops,
Or 1 after entering the pilot burner independent combustion area
The process is terminated at a predetermined time of 10 seconds to 10 seconds. According to the method of the present invention described above, the operating state of the ignition means is detected and used as a reference for time calculation, or the operating state of the ignition means is detected and the combustion signal is detected. By using both as the basis for time calculation, the pilot burner flame current is measured by specifically locating "the period in which the ignition is not affected by the ignition and the influence of the main burner flame within the pilot burner only combustion area". You can do it. For this reason, it is possible to more accurately perform misfire prediction.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first aspect of the present invention, a pilot burner flame current value is recorded by an automatic printer every time an ignition operation is performed, and a value other than the flame current value is recorded. It is characterized in that it is used together with the survey data to diagnose the wear state of fuel-related equipment of the high-temperature regenerator. According to the method of the present invention described above, the diagnosis of the wear state can be surely performed in performing the maintenance of the combustion system equipment of the high-temperature regenerator. That is, the method of the present invention originally includes the presence or absence of abnormality in the combustion system,
It was intended to diagnose the degree of its growth, and was not aimed at locating the fault location or condition.However, measurement of the frame current value in conjunction with other investigation data to investigate the cause of the fault When the data is examined, a diagnosis with higher accuracy can be performed than a failure cause investigation based on only the other investigation data.

According to a eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the second or fourth aspect of the present invention, a pilot burner for a high-temperature regenerator burner provided in each of a plurality of gas-absorbing chilled and heated water heaters. The flame current value is detected by the automatic measuring device every time the ignition is activated, and the pilot burner flame current value falls below the warning value, or the pilot burner flame current value decreases more than the allowable reduction rate. Or, when the ignition delay time is longer than a predetermined time, or when the increase rate of the ignition delay time is equal to or more than a predetermined value, automatically notifies the central control room by public or private electric communication means, The Central Management Office will formulate a maintenance plan taking into account the imminent danger of misfires, as well as maintenance equipment, replacement parts, and maintenance techniques. Characterized in that it arrange for members. According to the invention method of claim 8 described above, the information about the danger prediction of misfire is automatically reported to the central control room composed of specialist engineers, so that the central control room has sufficient time, In addition, the operational reliability of the absorption chiller / heater can be maintained early by taking measures before the secondary damage occurs. In addition, in the central control room, the response dynamics can be reduced more quickly than in the conventional technology, and more complete maintenance can be performed than in the conventional technology.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for inputting a combustion signal and a pilot burner flame current signal, a constant memory storing a reference current value of the pilot burner flame current, and a predetermined time. An arithmetic unit for calculating an average value of the actually measured values of the plurality of pilot burner frame currents measured at intervals; an average value of the pilot burner frame current calculated by the arithmetic unit; and stored in the constant storage unit. It is characterized by comprising a comparing section for diagnosing a combustion state by comparing with a reference current value, and an output section for outputting a diagnosis result. According to the apparatus of the ninth aspect described above, the average value of the pilot burner frame current is calculated, and the average value is compared with a predetermined reference value to determine what value (ratio) is. , The operator of the absorption chiller / heater does not require special skills and skills, and pays special attention because it can automatically predict the risk of misfire and output the result automatically. It is possible to reliably predict whether or not "there is a possibility that a potential problem occurs in the burner for the high-temperature regenerator and eventually causes a misfire" without concentration.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the ninth aspect of the present invention, the constant storage unit stores a predetermined reference ignition delay used for comparison diagnosis of the ignition delay time of the pilot burner. The comparison unit has a function of storing time, and the comparison unit compares the “actually measured ignition delay time of the pilot burner” with the “reference ignition delay time for the pilot burner” stored in the constant storage unit. It has a function. According to the apparatus of the tenth aspect described above, the risk of a misfire is predicted by comparing the measured value of the pilot burner flame current with the reference value (flame current value in a complete maintenance state). Complementing the invention device of item 9,
In terms of the quality of the pilot burner,
Automatically detects various factors governing the combustion conditions of the pilot burner, especially whether the air-fuel ratio is appropriate or not,
Make sure that there is a risk of misfire. That is, although the pilot burner is essentially a spark for the main burner, the flame holding of the pilot burner is continued even after the main burner is ignited. The reason is that even if the main burner temporarily loses the combustion continuation conditions and fires for some reason, if the pilot burner keeps flame, if the main burner's combustion continuation condition is restored, the pilot burner will This is because the re-ignition is automatically performed and the function of the absorption chiller / heater is not interrupted. From this point of view, the magnitude of the combustion continuity reliability of the pilot burner has a considerable influence on the risk of misfire of the main burner, which is the mainstay of the burner for the high temperature regenerator. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the function of backing up the main burner is deteriorated if the pilot burner has an ignition delay, based on the above consideration. As a result, it is informed in advance that there is a risk of misfire of the high temperature regenerator burner. As a modified application of the above-described invention idea of claim 10, it is also effective to detect the ignition delay of the main frame. This is because, if the ignition of the main frame is not good even if the pilot burner is ignited, it is suspected that the main burner which should generate the main frame has an improper adjustment (particularly an air-fuel ratio malfunction). In order to predict the risk of misfire by detecting the ignition delay of the main burner, the requirement of the device of the present invention of claim 10 is modified and the reference value relating to the ignition delay time of the main burner (in the complete maintenance state) is stored in the constant storage unit. In addition to having a function of storing the ignition delay time), the comparing section may have a function of comparing the “measured value of the ignition delay time of the main burner” with the “reference value of the ignition delay time of the main burner”. . Thus, the quality of the adjustment state of the main burner (particularly, the presence or absence of air-fuel ratio adjustment error) can be determined to further improve the probability of predicting the risk of misfire.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the components of the ninth or tenth aspect of the present invention,
The reference value of the pilot burner frame current is F ₀ , the average value of the actually measured pilot burner frame current is F, the set value smaller than ₁ is N ₁ , and the comparison unit is: F ≧ F ₀ × N ₁ When (1), the combustion system equipment has a function of determining that it is normal and has no danger of misfiring. According to the apparatus of the eleventh aspect described above, when there is a danger of misfiring, not only a warning is given, but if there is no danger of misfiring, a diagnosis is positively made that there is no danger of misfiring. It can give a sense of security to the operator of the absorption chiller / heater. The value of the N ₁ is a set value which means an acceptable rate of decrease of the pilot burner flame current, it can be determined design or experimentally. As a practical matter, it is desirable that the maintenance technician of the absorption chiller / heater decides on the basis of accumulated years of experience data. This setting the value of N ₁ requires a high degree of knowledge and many years experienced, once it is this value is set, then does not require otherwise skills, the risk of automatically "misfire There is nothing. "

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the structure of the first aspect is as follows.
In addition to the constituent elements of the first inventive apparatus, a smaller setpoint than N ₁ of the set to N _2, comparing portions of the _{can, F 0 × N 1> F} ≧ F 0 × N 2 ......... (2) , At least a part of the combustion system equipment, in particular, the vicinity of the pilot burner has a function of judging that it is in a state requiring caution. According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention described above, when there is no danger of misfire, a diagnosis is made that there is no danger of misfire, and when there is a danger of misfire, a diagnosis is made that there is a danger of misfire. In addition to notifying, the extent of the imminent danger of misfiring is determined, and if caution is required (not enough to cause immediate misfiring unless emergency maintenance is carried out), a diagnosis is made to that effect. The operator of the absorption chiller / heater was made aware of the necessity of “maintenance and maintenance in search of an appropriate opportunity”, and the “expansion of the failure by leaving a potential failure unattended” was made. Can be prevented. The value of N ₂ is desirably set by a person who is familiar with the technology of the absorption chiller / heater, either by design, by experiment, or based on empirical data. However, once this value has been set, the operator is not required to have any special knowledge or experience, and by automatically determining the degree of the potential failure, the potential failure can be neglected and expanded. There is no need to stop repairing the absorption chiller / heater immediately with the necessary abnormal courage, and it is possible to deal with the situation appropriately. A specialized organization (service specialist company or in-house maintenance department) that is responsible for maintenance management is usually in charge of multiple absorption chiller / heater units, and these multiple absorption chiller / heater units occur frequently at the same time. When an abnormal condition (diagnosis of the risk of misfire) occurs, the priority is properly determined, the maintenance power is allocated, and all of the multiple potential failures are repaired at the potential failure stage. It is necessary that none of the cases be revealed. From such a point of view, the ability to diagnose that the situation is such that "cannot be neglected, but there is no danger of causing serious problems without urgent maintenance" is valuable. When the department specializing in maintenance and management obtains this diagnosis result, it corrects the operation plan of the maintenance power taking into account the overall situation of the absorption chiller / heater within the field of defense, Rather than prioritize the maintenance and repair of newly discovered alert-level absorption chillers and water heaters that do not interrupt other absorption chillers that require urgent maintenance, Appropriate overall business operations can be ordered. The operation of maintenance capabilities (personnel, equipment, service cars) is also performed according to the plan, but the maintenance plan must be operated while constantly correcting the plan based on the information every moment compared to the usual production plan. It has characteristics. For this reason, it is necessary to appropriately determine the priority order for the maintenance of a plurality of absorption chiller / heaters, and it is very difficult to properly determine the priority order. The practical value of being able to automatically determine that the potential failure of the failure diagnosis target machine is at the alert level according to the twelfth aspect is extremely large, and greatly contributes to efficient operation of maintenance power. Naturally, it is expected that the total cost of maintenance and management will be reduced by the efficient use of maintenance capabilities.

The construction of the invention apparatus of claim 13 is as follows.
In addition to the constituent requirements of the invention device of No. ₂ , when the comparison section satisfies F ₀ × N ₂ > F (3), the risk of causing a misfire is imminent for at least a part of the combustion system equipment. It is characterized by having a function of judging a state where a potential defect has occurred. According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to detect that a potential failure that may cause a misfire is growing and the danger of a misfire is imminent. In the first place, the present invention is based on the discovery of a failure with a risk of causing a misfire in a latent state, thereby preventing an actual misfire from occurring. However, the types of potential troubles associated with burners are extremely diverse, and their operation patterns are also diverse. Considering one end of the operation state, there are continuous operation and intermittent operation. On the other hand, misfire prediction according to the present invention is performed at the time of burner ignition. Therefore, in the case of an operation mode in which the absorption chiller / heater is continuously operated for a long period, the automatic diagnosis interval for misfire prediction is long.
During continuous operation, not only the main burner but also the pilot burner continue to keep flame, so wear will progress during that time.
Therefore, when the continuous operation period is long and the automatic diagnosis interval is long, and when the failure growth is rapid due to the location and form of the potential failure, when the automatic diagnosis that there is a potential failure is already made, `` Emergency maintenance must be performed. For example, there is a possibility that a misfire may occur at the next ignition operation "or a state where" unless emergency maintenance is performed, there is a risk of accidental misfire during operation ". The device according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention can not only make a diagnosis of "potential failure" but also automatically warn the user when an urgent maintenance is necessary and prompt an appropriate measure. As a result, it is not necessary for the operator of the absorption chiller / heater to have any special knowledge and skills, and to request the maintenance department to take measures to prevent the accidental loss of fire in order not to cause an actual misfire trouble. it can.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the ignition delay time of the pilot burner in a new or good maintenance condition equivalent to a new one is defined as t ₀ , The measured ignition delay time is t, and the set value greater than 1 is N ₃ ,
When the comparison section satisfies t> t ₀ × N ₃ (4), even if the above equation (1) holds, there is a potential in at least a part of the combustion system equipment in preference to this. It has a function of judging that a defect has occurred. According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a potential failure that is not detected as a change in the pilot burner frame current is detected in the form of poor pilot burner ignition. And the reliability of detecting a misfire notice can be further improved. As a modification of the invention of the fourteenth aspect, the ignition delay of the main burner is detected, and the measured ignition delay becomes longer than the allowable limit compared to the ignition delay reference value (the main burner ignition delay time in a completely maintained state). At this time, a "comparing unit having a function of judging that a potential problem has occurred in the air-fuel ratio adjustment of a part of the combustion system equipment, especially the main burner" may be provided in preference to the above equation (1). Is also effective. Thus, claim 14
By applying the method, it is possible to automatically detect the risk of misfire due to the poor adjustment state of the main burner while the latent state is still in the latent state, and to further improve the reliability of misfire prediction diagnosis.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the output unit further comprises:
When a signal indicating that the expression (2) is satisfied is input, a function is provided for turning on or off a lamp for indicating that the vehicle is in the alert state. According to the above-described invention of claim 15, the absorption chiller / heater to be monitored is "cannot be left undisturbed, but immediately causes a misfire or a serious secondary failure without urgent maintenance." There is no danger that the operator may operate the absorption chiller / heater by appropriately displaying a potential failure level at which there is no danger of a failure. Since the display member in the apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect is a display lamp, when the operator in charge of the absorption chiller / heater performs a final inspection, he or she notices the lighting or blinking and does not have to worry about overlooking it. On the other hand,
Since there is no excessive alarm such as sounding a buzzer or emergency stop during busy work, it can be said that it has a practically appropriate warning function. When such a display means (display lamp) is provided,
Even if there is a possibility that the alarm function may be lost due to the disconnection of the light bulb, practically sufficient durability and display reliability can be obtained by using the LED as the display lamp.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the fourteenth and fifteenth aspect of the present invention, a printer is connected to the output section, and the above equation (2) is satisfied. When a signal to the effect is input, and when a signal to the effect that the equation (3) is satisfied is input, the number of alarms, the temporal change in the pilot burner frame current value, the temporal change in the pilot burner ignition delay time It has a function of printing out a target change. According to the invention of claim 16 described above, in addition to the effect of detecting and notifying a potential failure which may cause a misfire trouble, the location of the potential failure, the form of the potential failure, In addition, by providing useful data for estimating the state of expansion of the potential failure, the data can be used as a determination material for determining a stop time for maintenance of the absorption chiller / heater to be diagnosed. In other words, absorption chillers are generally used for air conditioning in office buildings, apartment buildings, factory buildings, etc., or for production, processing and storage facilities. With great damage. For example, if an absorption chiller / heater that cools a hospital at high temperatures is immediately shut down, it could be fatal. In addition, the maintenance and suspension of absorption chillers and hot water heaters that keep fresh food storages cold will cause large economic losses. In other cases, such as production equipment, living equipment, research equipment, etc., it causes a corresponding economic loss or physical distress depending on the case. Not only that, it is a problem related to the trust of the specialized department that is responsible for the maintenance of the absorption chiller / heater. Therefore, taking into account the circumstances of the equipment backed up by the absorption chiller / heater and the progress of potential malfunctions, it is important to consider, for example, whether to perform maintenance at night on that day or to wait until the next Sunday for maintenance. We need to make a choice.
In such a case, if data for estimating the occurrence and progress of a potential failure is printed out by the apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, it is very useful to determine a specific plan for performing maintenance.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the components of the fourteenth to sixteenth aspects of the present invention, the output unit includes a wired and / or wireless transmitter.
When a signal indicating that the above equation (1) is satisfied is input,
And a function of automatically transmitting the measurement value information input to the input unit and the calculated value output from the arithmetic unit when a signal indicating that the expression (2) is satisfied is input. Characterized in that: According to the seventeenth aspect of the invention described above, when a potential failure leading to a misfire is found, the fact and the diagnostic basis data are automatically transmitted, and a specialized department in charge of maintenance management (a so-called specialist department) Service Center). As a result, the operator of the absorption chiller / heater does not need any special knowledge and attention, and the discovery of a potential failure is immediately reported to the maintenance management department. In addition, not only the misfire prediction information but also the basis data for the judgment is sent to the maintenance management center, so that a specialized maintenance engineer can examine the detailed data. Although the above judgment basis data cannot be read by ordinary operators, it can be effectively used as reference data for estimating the location of the failure, the mode of the failure, and the degree of the failure when viewed by a technician in a specialized department. be able to. As a result, the maintenance management department can immediately determine appropriate countermeasures and prevent the occurrence of a misfire trouble.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a misfire prediction device configured to carry out a method for predicting a misfire of a burner for an absorption chiller / heater according to the present invention. FIG. The combustion signal a and the flame current signal g are input to the input unit 16. The frame current signal is a DC component generated by the rectifying action of the frame rod 15 provided in the pilot burner 11 described with reference to FIG. 5 and is the frame current g shown in FIG. The misfire prediction device shown in FIG. 1 is mainly composed of an electric circuit which receives the pilot burner frame current g and analyzes the current. FIG. 2 is a time chart shown for explaining a method of analyzing the pilot burner frame current. The upper half shows the temporal change of the pilot burner frame current value, and the lower half shows the change in the burner ignition operation. The accompanying components and the start and end of the operation are shown. The symbols T _{1 to} T ₄ representing the periods are the same as those shown in FIG. 6 described above, but they are represented by the combustion signal a, the ignition operation b, the pilot burner combustion c, the main burner combustion d,
Considering this in comparison with the measurement e of the frame current, the period T ₁ is a period in which the frame current g is affected by the ignition spark discharge, and substantially coincides with the operation period of the ignition b. When the ignition b stops operating, the pilot burner enters a single combustion period. However, when the main burner d starts burning, the pilot burner flame current is affected by the main flame. T ₂
Alone combustion period of the pilot burner, T ₃ is a period in which the pilot burner is burned while the influence of Menbana.

Immediately after the pilot burner starts the single combustion, the flame current is not stabilized, and the end point of the pilot burner single combustion period T ₂ cannot be precisely predicted in advance (if the main burner is well ignited, the ignition is accelerated. since late bad), of the pilot burner alone combustion period T ₂ of the said, the time t _2, except the initial and end of life and the measurement period of the pilot burner flame current. This measurement period t
₂ substantially coincides with the stable period T ₄ of the pilot burner frame current shown in FIG. 6 described above, but its technical meaning is not exactly the same. That is, the pilot burner frame stabilization period T ₄ is a period determined based on the result of observation of a change in the pilot burner frame current regardless of whether the present invention is applied, whereas the frame current measurement period t ₂ is set in advance, and is a period in which the detected value of the frame current g is input to the input unit (reference numeral 16 in FIG. 1) of the misfire prediction device regardless of whether or not the pilot burner or the main burner has an ignition delay. is there.

In this embodiment, the ignition b
The period of the predetermined time t ₂ (for example, 3 seconds) from the time when a predetermined time t ₁ (for example, 6 seconds) elapses from the start of the operation of is referred to as a pilot burner frame measurement period t _2. Then, actual measured frame current values f ₁ , f ₂ ... F _n are obtained. The determined how the start of the measurement period t ₂ of the may be determined based on the operation start time of the ignition b may be determined based on the time when the flame current g rises, flame current g
May be determined on the basis of the point in time at which the peak value f _P is reached, or may be determined on the basis of the end point of the operation of the ignition b. However, since the rise time of the frame current g and the time when the peak value is taken must be measured each time, a frame current measurement start time (period) based on a predetermined time when measurement is not required, for example, the end time of the operation of the ignition b. it is convenient to define a t the start of the _2). According to the experiments performed by the present inventors, it is desirable that the start time of the frame current measurement be based on the end time of the ignition operation b, and then be started after the ignition operation is stopped. The reason is that the pilot burner frame current is not stabilized unless the ignition is stopped. Also, the end point of the measurement period t ₂ is Menbana made previously (i.e., before the fuel starts to be fed to Menbana) the state may occur flames it is desirable ends. The reason for this is that the flame current of the main burner increases the flame current and disturbs the diagnosis.

The constant storage unit 17 shown in FIG. 1 stores the frame current reference value and the ignition delay time reference value of the monitored absorption chiller / heater. The reference value is a value (or a permissible range of the value) in a complete maintenance state, and is a reference value for comparing the actual measurement value. If the actual measurement value is equal to or close to the reference value, the maintenance state of the diagnosis target machine is determined. Is determined to be good, and it is diagnosed that there is no risk of misfiring for the time being (details will be described later). The reference values include a pilot burner frame current reference value, a pilot burner ignition delay time reference value, There is a main burner ignition delay reference value, and the following three methods are available for obtaining these reference values.

B. When the manufacturer of the absorption chiller / heater sets the numerical value in design, and confirms that the numerical value is the above value in the factory inspection, the numerical value defined in the above design is used as the reference value be able to. B.
When the absorption chiller / heater is delivered / installed and handed over to a user, test operation and adjustment are performed, and if inspection measurement values supporting quality assurance are recorded, the values can be used as reference values. The above inspection measurement values are most desirable because they are based on the personality of the monitored machine. That is, the reference value of the term a is a value applied to, for example, the general S-type Koala HKG-40 type burner manufactured by Company H, and the reference value of the term b is specified as what kind of HKG-40 type machine. This is the value of the history of the machine, which is more desirable. C. However, if overhaul (completely disassembled) or major maintenance equivalent to this is performed and a complete inspection is performed based on new inspection standards, the measured value in the completed inspection may be used as a subsequent reference value. desirable. In the case where a plurality of absorption chiller / heaters of a plurality of types are monitored by one misfire prediction device, the reference values of the plurality of types are stored in the constant storage unit 17 and the setting unit 1
The reference value of the desired model may be called out by operating 8.

FIG. 3 is a table showing changes in the frame current due to the aging of the burner for the high-temperature regenerator of the absorption chiller / heater.
4 is a chart in which a coefficient indicating a degree of risk of misfire and boundaries for dividing the range into a safe range, a warning range, and a dangerous range are added. Each of the ten points m _{1 to} m ₁₀ indicates ten measurements. The horizontal axis represents the progress of the deterioration of the burner and the attached equipment, but this chart may be approximately considered as the lapse of a calendar day. The fact that the array of the measured values on the coordinate plane is downward-sloping means that the flame current value (detailedly, multiple flame current values measured during the stable period during the pilot burner alone combustion period) Mean value). F ₀ shown in FIG. 3 is a reference value for the pilot burner frame current. The above reference value F
₀ as 1, to set a small coefficient N ₁ than 1, and a small coefficient N ₂ than N _1. These coefficients N ₁ and N ₂ and the reference value F ₀ are stored in the constant storage unit 17.

The area between the coefficient 1 and the coefficient N ₁ is called a safe range. Pilot burner frame current value is 1 to
If between N _1, it is meant that there is no risk of misfire for the moment. Specifically, the frame current actual measurement value F is, if satisfying F ≧ F ₀ × N ₁ ......... (1) Equation (1), the time being, it is diagnosed that the risk of misfire no.

The calculation for multiplying the reference value F ₀ by the coefficient N ₁ is performed by the calculation unit 19 shown in FIG. 1. The measured value F is compared with F ₀ × N _1, and the above equation (1) is established. Whether or not to perform the comparison
Performed at 0. As the actual measurement value F, an average value calculated by the calculation unit 19 is used for a plurality of measurement values f _{1 to} f _n shown in FIG.

The area between the coefficient N ₁ and the coefficient N ₂ shown in FIG. 3 is referred to as a warning range. If the pilot burner frame current value is between N _{1 and} N ₂ , there is a potential problem that cannot be neglected, and there is a risk that a fire may occur if maintenance is not performed as soon as possible. It is a diagnosis.

Specifically, the actual measured frame current value F (specifically, the average value of f _{1 to} f _n ) is given by: F ₀ × N ₁ > F ≧ F ₀ × N ₂ (2) If the condition is satisfied, it is determined that the risk of misfire is at the alert level. (See FIG. 1) When the comparing unit 20 determines that the alert level is attained, the output unit 22 blinks the alert lamp 23 and stores the determination result and the determination basis data in the storage unit 21. deep. Blinking the warning light is not an urgent situation to sound a buzzer or siren, but the idea is that the person in charge of the absorption chiller / heater should be aware when it comes around to check the work. The reason why the data is stored in the storage unit 21 is that when the maintenance technician arrives, the data is printed out by the printer 25 so that the data can be referred to for a specific situation determination.

The lower area than the coefficient N ₃ in FIG. 3 is a danger zone. When the pilot burner flame current drops to this region, it means that the risk of misfire is imminent. There is no danger of entering the danger area if the maintenance is carried out in advance at the alert level, but in order to properly cope with the case where the spread of potential failures is exceptionally rapid, detection of this danger area is necessary. Is also necessary. F ₀ × N ₂ > F (3) When the above equation (3) is satisfied, the comparison unit 20 determines that the area is within the danger range, makes the horn 24 sound, and makes the printer 25 determine. Evidence is issued to prepare for the arrival of maintenance technicians. In the present embodiment, when the above equation (3) is satisfied, the wireless transmitter 26 is operated, or the central control room (maintenance management department / service center) is automatically notified via the communication line 27. As a result, the service center will partially modify the maintenance plan of multiple absorption chillers and hot water heaters in their area of responsibility and raise the priority of the absorption chiller and water heater that issued the danger report to prevent misfires. It becomes possible to deal with it. Even if there is no abnormality in the detected value, it is very useful to transmit the detected data to the central control room every time the ignition is activated, and to monitor the data by a professional engineer.

In the embodiment described above, the detected value of the pilot burner frame current, that is, the current value is applied to FIG. 3 to determine whether there is a risk of misfire and the degree of imminence. From a different viewpoint, it is also necessary to monitor whether the state of decrease in the pilot burner frame current value is slow or rapid. in this case,
The rate of decrease in the flame current needs to be checked from two aspects, as a decrease per ignition operation and as a percentage decrease over calendar days. The reason is that the operation modes of the absorption chiller / heater are various, that the number of times of ignition operation is not necessarily proportional to the passage of calendar days. Since there are those that deteriorate in proportion and those that deteriorate in proportion to the passage of calendar days, monitoring from both sides is necessary. Based on the above-described viewpoint, an average allowable current value reduction rate per ignition operation and / or an allowable current value reduction rate with respect to the passage of calendar days is determined for the pilot burner frame current value, and the allowable value is determined. The detected value and calculated value for each ignition operation are stored in the storage unit 21 while being stored in the constant storage unit 17 (FIG. 1). If the current value is larger than the safety value, the warning lamp 23 (FIG. 1) is ignited even if the detected pilot burner frame current value is within the safe range of FIG. Let Thus, even if the vehicle is within the safe range, it is possible to display the misfire warning in advance when it is expected that the vehicle will soon enter the warning range.

Further, the ignition delay time described with reference to FIG. 2 can also be used for misfire prediction. The reason is that pilot pilots and main burners often exhibit overt symptoms in the form of ignition delay when potential misfires occur due to incorrect adjustment or deterioration of components. is there. From such a viewpoint, for the pilot burner and / or the main burner, the reference value t ₀ of the ignition delay,
A coefficient N ₃ larger than 1 is set, and when the measured ignition delay time t satisfies t> t ₀ × N ₃ (4), the above equation (1) is satisfied. The warning lamp is turned on or blinks in priority to this. Thereby, the misfire notice by monitoring the pilot burner flame current is complemented, and the probability of the misfire notice can be further improved.

[0038]

As described above, the configuration and function of the embodiment of the present invention are clarified, and the method for predicting misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to the present invention is intended to maintain the flame holding function of the main burner. Of the pilot burner, and the fact that the performance degradation of the pilot burner and the behavior of the pilot burner frame current are closely related to each other. Can be detected to predict a misfire. Further, according to the burner misfire prediction device according to the present invention, the above-described method of the present invention can be easily performed, and the effect thereof can be sufficiently exhibited. The effects of the present invention will be described more specifically as follows. That is, according to the method of the present invention, it is not necessary to use expensive sensors such as an oxygen sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor, and if the determination is made based on the sensual sensation of the operator in charge, the burner can be operated without any abnormality. Even if the flame is lit and a normal flame is generated, if any potential trouble occurs, it can be detected as an abnormality in the current value of the pilot 1 burner frame.

According to the method of the second aspect of the present invention, the extension of the ignition time delay of the pilot burner indicates an inadequate maintenance condition related to the combustion conditions of the pilot burner.
It can be detected that inspection and maintenance around the pilot burner is necessary. Where and how the pilot burner is worn cannot be determined by the ignition delay alone, but if it is found that there is any potential trouble that may cause the ignition delay, a specialist engineer will inspect around the pilot burner. By doing so, it is possible to find out without any particular difficulty, and it is possible to prevent a serious loss due to the misfire of the pilot burner. Similarly, when the ignition delay of the main burner is detected, it is possible to prevent a serious loss due to the non-ignition of the main burner.

According to the method of the third aspect of the present invention, reliable prediction can be made by using the pilot burner frame current value of the monitored machine in the complete maintenance state as the reference value. In this case, if the manufacturer of the absorption chiller / heater puts the value of the pilot burner frame current in the shipping inspection item and manages it, the misfire prediction can be performed based on the above item a (design value). If not, it is desirable to use the term b (installed measurement value). Further, after the complete overhaul is performed (overhaul), it is desirable to perform the overhaul based on the value at the time of the complete overhaul completion inspection (the above item C). Either of these methods enables reliable misfire prediction.

According to the method of the present invention, the growth state of a potential problem that may cause a misfire is divided into two stages.
Warning means are provided to give an appropriate sense of urgency according to the growth stage. In other words, at the alert level where the danger of misfire is not yet imminent, the lamp is turned on so as not to hinder the silence of the machine room. Even so, since the horn is activated so that the user can be alerted without apprehension, there is enough time to give some allowance before a misfire occurs.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the risk of a misfire is predicted for a potential problem that may lead to a misfire, depending on the degree of wear at the present time, and mainly on the speed of progress of the wear. (It does not ignore the current level of wear). By performing such multi-faceted monitoring, the prediction of misfire can be prevented from being overlooked, and the reliability of prediction can be further improved.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the operating state of the ignition means is detected and used as a reference for calculating the time, or the operating state of the ignition means is detected and the combustion signal is detected to detect both. Is used as the reference for the time calculation, specifically, the pilot burner flame current is determined by standardizing the `` period in the pilot burner independent combustion area that is not affected by the ignition and is not affected by the main burner flame. '' Can be measured. For this reason, misfire prediction can be performed more accurately.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in performing the maintenance of the combustion system equipment of the high temperature regenerator, the diagnosis of the wear state can be surely performed. That is, the method of the present invention was originally intended to diagnose the presence or absence of an abnormality in the combustion system and the degree of its growth. If the measurement data of the frame current value is examined in combination with other investigation data for investigation, a more accurate diagnosis can be made than the investigation of the failure cause based on only the other investigation data.

According to the invention method of claim 8, the information on the danger prediction of misfire is automatically reported to the central control room composed of specialists, so that the central control room has sufficient time and (2) The operational reliability of the absorption chiller / heater can be maintained at an early stage before secondary damage occurs. In addition, in the central control room, the response dynamics can be reduced more quickly than in the conventional technology, and more complete maintenance can be performed than in the conventional technology.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the average value of the pilot burner frame current is calculated, and the average value is compared with a predetermined reference value to determine what value (ratio). Since the risk of misfire can be predicted and judged and the result can be automatically output, the operator of the absorption chiller / heater does not need special skills and skills and requires special attention. Even without concentration, it is possible to reliably predict whether or not "there is a possibility that a potential malfunction occurs in the burner for the high-temperature regenerator and eventually causes a misfire".

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the risk of misfiring is predicted by comparing the measured value of the pilot burner flame current with a reference value (flame current value in a completely maintained state). Complements the invention device of
In terms of the quality of the pilot burner,
It automatically detects various conditions governing the combustion conditions of the pilot burner, especially whether the air-fuel ratio is appropriate, etc.
Make sure that there is a risk of misfire. As a modified application of the tenth aspect described above, it is also effective to detect the ignition delay of the main frame. This is because, if the ignition of the main frame is not good even if the pilot burner is ignited, it is suspected that the main burner which should generate the main frame has an improper adjustment (particularly an air-fuel ratio malfunction). In order to predict the risk of misfire by detecting the ignition delay of the main burner, the requirement of the device of the present invention of claim 10 is modified and the reference value relating to the ignition delay time of the main burner (in the complete maintenance state) is stored in the constant storage unit. In addition to having a function of storing the ignition delay time), the comparing section may have a function of comparing the “measured value of the ignition delay time of the main burner” with the “reference value of the ignition delay time of the main burner”. . Thus, the quality of the adjustment state of the main burner (particularly, the presence or absence of air-fuel ratio adjustment error) can be determined to further improve the probability of predicting the risk of misfire.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, when there is a danger of misfiring, not only a warning is given, but if there is no danger of misfiring, a diagnosis is made that there is no danger of misfiring. Can provide a sense of security to the operator of the absorption chiller / heater. The value of the N ₁ is a set value which means an acceptable rate of decrease of the pilot burner flame current, it can be determined design or experimentally. In practice, it is desirable that the maintenance technician of the absorption chiller / heater decides on the basis of accumulated years of experience data. This determining the value of N ₁ requires a high degree of knowledge and many years experienced, once it is this value is set, then does not require otherwise skills, the risk of automatically "misfire There is nothing. "

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, when there is no danger of misfiring, there is no danger of misfiring, and when there is danger of misfiring, a diagnosis is made that there is a danger of misfiring, and the notification is made. In addition, the extent of the imminent danger of misfiring is determined, and a diagnosis is made to the extent that caution is required (not enough to cause a misfiring trouble immediately if not maintained urgently). The driver can be made aware of the fact that "there is a need to look for a suitable opportunity and must be maintained soon" to prevent "leaving potential failures and expanding failures" beforehand. . The value of N ₂ is:
It is desirable that the person who is familiar with the technology of the absorption chiller / heater set the value by design or by experiment or based on empirical data. However, once this value has been set, the operator is not required to have any special knowledge or experience, and by automatically determining the degree of the potential failure, the potential failure can be neglected and expanded. There is no need to stop the operation of the absorption chiller / heater immediately with more courage than necessary, and it is possible to appropriately cope with it. According to the thirteenth aspect, it is possible to detect that a potential failure which may cause a misfire grows and the danger of the misfire is imminent. In the first place, the present invention is based on the discovery of a failure with a risk of causing a misfire in a latent state, thereby preventing an actual misfire from occurring. However, the types of potential troubles associated with burners are extremely diverse, and their operation patterns are also diverse. Considering one end of the operation state, there are continuous operation and intermittent operation. On the other hand, misfire prediction according to the present invention is performed at the time of burner ignition. Therefore, in the case of an operation mode in which the absorption chiller / heater is continuously operated for a long period, the automatic diagnosis interval for misfire prediction is long.
During continuous operation, not only the main burner but also the pilot burner continue to keep flame, so wear will progress during that time.
Therefore, when the continuous operation period is long and the automatic diagnosis interval is long, and when the failure growth is rapid due to the location and form of the potential failure, when the automatic diagnosis that there is a potential failure is already made, `` Emergency maintenance must be performed. For example, there is a possibility that a misfire may occur at the next ignition operation "or a state where" unless emergency maintenance is performed, there is a risk of accidental misfire during operation ". The apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention can not only make a diagnosis of "potential failure" but also automatically alert the user when an urgent maintenance is necessary and prompt an appropriate measure. In this way, the operator of the absorption chiller / heater does not require any special knowledge or skill, and it is possible to request the maintenance department to take measures not to lose it late so as not to cause an actual misfire trouble. it can.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a potential failure which is not detected as a change in the pilot burner frame current is detected in the form of poor ignition of the pilot burner. Complement the effect,
The detection reliability of misfire prediction can be further improved.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the absorption chiller / heater to be monitored is "cannot be left undisturbed, but immediately causes a misfire or a serious secondary failure without urgent maintenance." There is no danger of a potential failure "level (alert state), which can be appropriately displayed to alert the operator of the absorption chiller / heater. Since the display member in the apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect is a display lamp, when the operator in charge of the absorption chiller / heater performs a final inspection, he or she notices the lighting or blinking and does not have to worry about overlooking it. On the other hand, since there is no excessive warning such as sounding a buzzer or emergency stop during a busy period immediately after the start of work, a practically appropriate warning function can be exhibited. In the case where such a display means (display lamp) is provided, even if there is a possibility that the alarm function may be lost due to disconnection of the light bulb, the LED
Is used as a display lamp, practically sufficient durability and display reliability can be obtained.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of detecting and notifying a potential failure which may cause a misfire, the location of the potential failure, the form of the potential failure, and By providing useful data for estimating the state of expansion of the potential failure, the data can be used as a determination material for determining a stop time for maintenance of the absorption chiller / heater to be diagnosed. In other words, absorption chillers are generally used for air conditioning in office buildings, apartment buildings, factory buildings, etc., or for production, processing and storage facilities. With great damage. For example, if an absorption chiller / heater that cools a hospital at high temperatures is immediately shut down, it could be fatal. In addition, the maintenance and suspension of absorption chillers and hot water heaters that keep fresh food storages cold will cause large economic losses. Other production equipment,
Residential facilities, research facilities, etc., in each case, cause a corresponding economic loss or physical distress. Not only that, it is a problem related to the trust of the specialized department that is responsible for the maintenance of the absorption chiller / heater. Therefore, taking into account the circumstances of the equipment backed up by the absorption chiller / heater and the state of progress of potential malfunctions,
For example, it is necessary to make a crucial decision on whether to perform maintenance during the night or to wait until the next Sunday. In such a case, if data for estimating the occurrence and progress of a potential failure is printed out by the apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, it is very useful to determine a specific plan for performing maintenance.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, when a potential failure having a risk of causing a misfire is found, the fact and diagnostic basis data are automatically transmitted, and a specialized department (a so-called service Center). As a result, the operator of the absorption chiller / heater does not need any special knowledge and attention, and the discovery of a potential failure is immediately reported to the maintenance management department. In addition, not only the misfire prediction information but also the basis data for the judgment is sent to the maintenance management center, so that a specialized maintenance engineer can examine the detailed data. Although the above judgment basis data cannot be read by ordinary operators, it can be effectively used as reference data for estimating the location of the failure, the mode of the failure, and the degree of the failure when viewed by a technician in a specialized department. be able to. As a result, the maintenance management department can immediately determine appropriate countermeasures and prevent the occurrence of a misfire trouble.

According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the detected data is transmitted to the central control room each time, and the burner history of each absorption chiller / heater is grasped and monitored, and if necessary, it is promptly and appropriately performed. Can be handled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a misfire prediction device configured to carry out a method for predicting a misfire of a burner for an absorption chiller / heater according to the present invention, and is a block diagram accompanied by a substantial system diagram.

FIG. 2 is a timing chart for explaining a method of analyzing a pilot burner frame, in which an upper half represents a temporal change in a pilot burner frame current value, and a lower half is associated with a burner ignition operation. It shows the components and the start and end points of operation.

FIG. 3 is a table showing changes in flame current with time of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator of an absorption chiller / heater, showing a coefficient indicating a degree of risk of misfire, and a boundary for classifying a safety range, a warning range, and a danger range. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of an absorption chiller / heater, for explaining the arrangement position of a combustion system in the absorption chiller / heater and the significance of its technical meaning. FIG.

5 shows a burner for blowing a flame into the furnace tube (inner tube) shown in FIG. 4 described above. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main burner and a pilot burner for igniting the main burner. FIG. 3 is a diagram to which an electric system and a frame current detection system of the pilot burner are additionally described.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a temporal change in the frame current of the pilot burner during a period from when the pilot burner is ignited by ignition spark discharge at the start of operation of the water heater and the main burner is ignited by the flame of the pilot burner. is there.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... High temperature regenerator, 2 ... Low temperature regenerator, 3 ... Condenser, 4 ... Evaporator, 5 ... Absorber, 6 ... Furnace cylinder (inner cylinder), 7 ... Main burner, 8 ... Main burner solenoid valve, 9 ... Main flame , 10 ...
Pilot flame, 11: pilot burner, 12: gas solenoid valve for pilot burner, 13: ignition transformer, 14: spark rod, 15: frame rod,
16 input unit, 17 constant storage unit, 18 setting unit, 19
... Arithmetic unit, 20 comparison unit, 21 storage unit, 22 output unit, 23 warning lamp, 24 horn, 25 printer, 26 transmitter, 27 communication line.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yuzuru Higo 1-9-1 Kida Yotodai, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref.

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A method for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high temperature regenerator provided with a pilot burner, wherein a flame rod is provided on the pilot burner in advance, and the ignition of the pilot burner in the combustion region of the pilot burner is performed during ignition operation including daily operation. By detecting the flame current and comparing the value of the flame current with a predetermined reference value, or comparing the value of the flame current with the history data of the high-temperature regenerator to be monitored, the combustion mechanism Wear, fouling or misalignment of the equipment that constitutes
A method for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator, comprising detecting whether or not there is a potential trouble that hinders normal combustion and determining whether or not there is a danger of a misfire. 2. The ignition delay time from the start of spark discharge by the ignition means until the flame of the pilot burner stabilizes and / or the ignition delay time from the stabilization of the flame of the pilot burner to the ignition of the main burner. In addition, if the ignition delay time of at least one of the above increases relative to a predetermined value, or if the ignition delay time in a plurality of detections is increasing, a potential trouble leading to misfire occurs. The method for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 1, wherein it is estimated that the burner is growing. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: For the monitoring target machine, the current value specified in the design, or b. (C) The frame current value of the pilot burner measured in a normal state after the monitoring target machine is installed, tested, and inspected, or 2. The high-temperature regeneration according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring target machine is regularly maintained, a test operation is performed according to a new product, and a frame current value of a pilot burner measured in a normal state after inspection is used. How to predict misfire of dexterous burner. 4. A warning value smaller than a reference value determined for a flame current of the pilot burner and a warning value smaller than the warning value are set, and the flame of the pilot burner in the pilot burner combustion region is set. The high-temperature regenerator burner according to claim 1, wherein a warning lamp is turned on when the current value is lower than the warning value, and a horn is activated when the current value is lower than the warning value. Misfire prediction method. 5. An average allowable current value decrease rate per ignition operation for a pilot burner flame current value, or an allowable decrease rate with respect to the passage of a calendar day for a pilot burner flame current value. If the rate of decrease in pilot burner flame current value in multiple ignition operations is greater than any of the allowable reduction rates, it is determined that potential wear leading to the risk of misfire is in progress. The method for predicting misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: 6. A method for measuring a pilot burner frame current value, comprising: Start after the ignition stops, b. The method for predicting misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 1, wherein the process is completed before fuel is supplied to the main burner. 7. A pilot burner frame current value is recorded by an automatic printer for each ignition operation,
2. The method for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 1, wherein the method is used for diagnosing a wear state of a fuel-related device of the high-temperature regenerator in combination with survey data other than the frame current value. 8. A pilot burner frame current value of a high temperature regenerator burner provided in each of a plurality of gas absorption chiller / heater units is detected by an automatic measuring device every ignition operation, and a pilot burner frame current value is detected. Is lower than the alert value, or the rate of decrease of the pilot burner frame current value is greater than the allowable decrease rate, or the ignition delay time is longer than the specified time, or the increase rate of the ignition delay time is specified. If the value is more than or equal to the above value, it is automatically notified to the Central Management Office by public or private electrical communication means, and a maintenance plan is formulated in consideration of the imminent risk of misfire in the Central Management Office 5. The height according to claim 2, wherein equipment for maintenance, replacement parts, and a maintenance technician are arranged. Prediction method of misfire of burner for thermal regenerator. 9. An input unit for inputting a combustion signal and a pilot burner frame current signal, a constant storage unit for storing a reference current value of the pilot burner frame current, and a plurality of units measured at predetermined time intervals. An arithmetic unit for calculating the average of the actually measured values of the pilot burner frame current; and comparing the average value of the pilot burner frame current calculated by the arithmetic unit with the reference current value stored in the constant storage unit. An apparatus for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator, comprising: a comparison section for diagnosing a combustion state; and an output section for outputting a diagnosis result. 10. The constant storage unit further has a function of storing a predetermined reference ignition delay time used for a comparison diagnosis of the ignition delay time of the pilot burner. Actual measured delay time "
The misfire prediction of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 9, characterized in that the constant storage unit has a function of comparing with "a reference ignition delay time related to a pilot burner" stored in the constant storage unit. apparatus. 11. A reference value of the pilot burner frame current is F _0, and an average value of the measured pilot burner frame current is F _0.
And then, a smaller setpoint than 1 and N _1, wherein the comparison unit, when it is _{F ≧ F 0 × N 1 .........} (1), the combustion system equipment there is no risk of misfire a normal The misfire prediction device for a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 9, wherein the device has a function of determining. 12. A combustion system according to claim ₂ , wherein a set value smaller than said N ₁ is N _2, and said comparison section satisfies: F ₀ × N ₁ > F ≧ F ₀ × N ₂ (2) The apparatus for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 11, characterized in that the apparatus has a function of judging that at least a part of the equipment, particularly around the pilot burner, is in a state requiring caution. 13. When the comparison section satisfies the following condition: F ₀ × N ₂ > F (3), at least a part of the combustion system equipment has a potential malfunction that has an imminent danger of causing a misfire. 13. The apparatus for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 12, wherein the apparatus has a function of determining that the burner is present. 14. An ignition delay time of a pilot burner in a new condition or a good maintenance condition equivalent to a new condition is assumed to be t ₀ , a measured ignition delay time of the pilot burner is assumed to be t, a set value larger than 1 is assumed to be N _3, and t > T ₀ × N ₃ (4) Even if the above equation (1) holds, a potential malfunction has occurred in at least a part of the combustion equipment in preference to this. The misfire prediction apparatus for a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 11, further comprising a function of judging the misfire. 15. The output unit has a function of turning on or blinking a lamp for indicating that a warning state has been received when a signal indicating that the above-mentioned equation (2) has been established is input. 13. The device for predicting a misfire of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 12, wherein: 16. A printer is connected to the output unit, and when a signal indicating that the expression (2) is satisfied is input, and a signal indicating that the expression (3) is satisfied is output. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising a function of printing out the number of alarms, a change over time in the pilot burner frame current value, and a change over time in the ignition delay time of the pilot burner when input. A misfire prediction device for a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 15. 17. The output unit includes a wired and / or wireless transmitter, and receives a signal indicating that the expression (1) is satisfied, and determines whether the expression (2) is It has a function of automatically transmitting the measurement value information input to the input unit, and the calculated value output from the arithmetic unit, when a signal indicating the establishment is input. A misfire prediction device for a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to any one of claims 14 to 16. 18. The central control room is notified of the detected value of the pilot burner frame current and / or the ignition delay time of the pilot burner every time the ignition operation is performed using a public communication facility or a private communication means. The central control room that received the above notification, for each absorption chiller / heater in charge of maintenance,
And / or monitor and monitor the pilot burner ignition delay time over time, and estimate the progress of wear of equipment that may cause misfire of the high-temperature regeneration burner for each absorption chiller / heater in charge of maintenance,
3. A misfire prediction of a burner for a high-temperature regenerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a maintenance plan is prepared if necessary, and personnel and maintenance equipment based on the maintenance plan can be prepared. Method.