JPH10159941A - Differential transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reliably transmit driving force to the driving wheels of an automobile while permitting a rotational difference between the left and right or the front and rear wheels as well as preventing slips of any of the wheels which is possibly to slip. SOLUTION: A drive pinion 2 fixed on a propeller shaft 1 for transmitting driving force to the axle of an automobile is brought into engagement with a ring gear 5 through which either a left or a right axle 3 or 4 is rotatably inserted, to thereby transmit driving force to the left or right axle 3 or 4 and thus rotate it by way of a differential means 10. The differential means 10 comprises a differential block 11 which is coupled to the ring gear 5 and is provided with a shaft part 13 projecting therefrom at both left and right sides, a left and a right scroll gear 15 and 17 which are formed with scroll teeth 16 and 18 opposed to the differential block 11 so as to face each other and are rotatably supported on the differential block 11 at both left and right sides, and a spur gear 19 which is brought into engagement with the scroll teeth 16 and 18 of the left and the right scroll gears 15 and 17 and is rotatably supported on the differential block 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention mainly allows a rotational difference between left and right driving wheels or front and rear driving wheels in an automobile, but can surely transmit the driving force even when the left or right or front and rear wheels run idle. And a differential transmission device as described above.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a differential transmission device used in a drive transmission system of an automobile is designed to detect a difference in inner wheels between left and right drive wheels when traveling on a curve, and a difference between front and rear drive wheels in a four-wheel drive vehicle. It is provided to allow the traveling smoothness. However, if one of the left and right drive wheels or the front and rear drive wheels is muddy, the wheels may slip on a frozen surface or other running surface with a small road surface friction coefficient due to slip, etc., the friction driving force on the running surface is transmitted. Otherwise, it can be very difficult to escape from that location. In addition, the load applied to the drive wheels on the inside of the curve is reduced by the centrifugal force that increases when the vehicle is running at a high speed particularly on a curve.

However, such disadvantages can be obtained by limiting the differential. For this purpose, conventionally, for example, a clutch disk press-fit type, a rotational speed-sensitive type using a viscous coupling, a torque-sensitive type by a combination of a worm gear, an electronic control, A differential transmission device incorporating various types of differential limiting means such as a formula has been proposed.

[0004]

However, in the clutch disk press-fit type, the differential limiting action may be abrupt due to an increase in the rotation difference, and the drive force is not input at the time of the differential limiting when the drive is not driven. In this case, the respective driving wheels are restrained from each other. As a result, it is difficult to combine the driving wheels with an anti-lock braking system that requires independence of each wheel. The rotational speed-sensitive type using a viscous coupling is susceptible to a temperature change because torque transmission is caused by a viscous fluid such as silicon oil, and cannot always provide a stable differential limiting effect. The torque-sensitive type by the combination of the worm gear has a large number of parts and a complicated structure, and not only requires extremely high precision in the part processing and assembly required for this,
There is a disadvantage that the entire device becomes larger than the allowable torque. The electronically controlled type cannot cope with all the unforeseen situations even if the circuit is configured in advance so as to assume the differential limiting mode corresponding to every situation. There is a possibility that electromagnetic waves from equipment or the like may cause adverse effects.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described various existing circumstances. For example, even if the driving wheels run idle due to reduced road surface resistance such as muddy or frozen surfaces. By restraining the left / right and front / rear differentials and preventing the drive wheels from spinning, the drive force is reliably transmitted to the drive wheels, facilitating escape from that location. It is an object of the present invention to provide a differential transmission device that can ensure running stability, has a very simple configuration, has few failures, and is easy to perform maintenance and inspection.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a drive pinion 2 fixed to a propeller shaft 1 for transmitting a driving force to wheels.
A ring gear 5 having one of the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 rotatably inserted therein is meshed with the ring gear 5 so that the driving force is transmitted to the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 via the differential means 10. In this embodiment, the differential means 10 includes a ring gear 5
A differential block 11 connected to the differential block 11 and scroll teeth 16 and 18 opposite to each other are formed on the surface of the differential block 11, and the differential block 11 is fixedly connected to the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4, respectively. Left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 rotatably supported on both left and right side surfaces of scroll gear 11 and scroll teeth 16 and 1 of these left and right scroll gears 15 and 17.
And a spur gear 19 rotatably supported by the differential block 11 and meshed with each other. The differential block 11 has a shaft portion 13 in which scroll gears 15 and 17 are rotatably fitted respectively on left and right side surfaces of a block-shaped differential block main body 12 having an appropriate left and right width. A connecting portion 14 connected to the ring gear 5 is provided on each of the side surfaces. The spur gear 19 is rotatably supported by a gear shaft disposed on the differential block main body 12 along the axial direction of the propeller shaft 1 in a cutout recess 21 formed at a symmetrical position of an edge of the differential block main body 12, The right and left scroll teeth 16 and 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 are engaged with each other simultaneously.

[0007] In the differential transmission device according to the present invention configured as described above, the driving rotation of the propeller shaft 1 is
Drive pinion 2, ring gear 5, differential block 1
1. The spur gear 1 supported on the differential block 11
9, opposite scroll teeth 16 meshing with
The left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 are driven to rotate by rotating the entire differential means 10 via the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 each having 18 so that the vehicle itself travels back and forth. When the vehicle travels straight, the rotational force of the propeller shaft 1 rotates the drive pinion 2, the ring gear 5, and the differential block 11 of the differential means 10, and the rotation of the differential block 11 does not cause the spur gear 19 to rotate. Scroll tooth 1 meshing
The left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 having the respective left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 are rotated.
, The right and left wheel shafts 3 and 4 are respectively driven and rotated by the same rotational force. When turning to the left or right, one of the left and right wheel shafts 3, 4 tries to rotate at a lower speed than the other, and the rotation difference between the two wheel shafts 3, 4 generated at this time is By rotating the spur gear 19 in which the left and right scroll teeth 16 and 18 mesh with each other, the spur gear 19 itself is avoided and absorbed, and as a result, a differential is generated between the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 and the vehicle runs in a curved manner. Further, for example, when one of the left and right wheel axles 3 and 4 idles in a place where the road surface resistance is small or the like, the rotational driving force is transmitted to one of the other wheel shafts and the vehicle is driven by the ground surface road resistance. . At this time, the rotation of one of the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 in the idling state does not rotate the spur gear 19, and the rotation of the other of the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 that are driven to rotate in reverse. Is the scroll tooth 16 (1
The spur gear 19 itself is rotated via 8). The rotating spur gear 19 does not transmit rotation to the scroll gear 16 (14) itself on one side even if one of the meshing scroll teeth 18 (16) is engaged. By rotating the block 11 also, the entire differential means 10 is rotated. Then, the driving force of the propeller shaft 1 causes the vehicle itself to move forward or backward by avoiding idling by the entire differential means 10 that forcibly rotates without rotating any of the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4. .

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a propeller shaft for transmitting driving force from an engine or the like in an automobile to wheels. In addition, one of the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 is rotatably inserted through a drive pinion 2 in the form of, for example, a bevel gear fixed to the propeller shaft 1 so that the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 are rotatable. For example, a crown gear-shaped ring gear 5 arranged on one of the gears 4 meshes. The drive pinion 2, the ring gear 5, and the like are stored and protected in a suitable casing (not shown), and the propeller shaft 1, the left and right wheel shafts 3, 4 and the like are supported by this casing, so that a differential gear described later is provided. The power transmission of the driving force is transmitted from the engine or the like to the wheels via the means 10.

The differential means 10 comprises a differential block 11 connected to the ring gear 5 and a differential block 1
Scroll teeth 16 and 18 having opposite directions are formed on one surface side, and left and right rotatably supported on both left and right sides of the differential block 11 in a state of being fixedly connected to the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 respectively. , And a spur gear 19 meshed with the scroll teeth 16, 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15, 17 and rotatably supported by the differential block 11. .

The differential block 11 shown in the figure has an appropriate width in the right and left directions, and has a left and right side of a block-shaped differential block body 12 having a substantially circular shape, a square shape, a hexagonal shape, an octagonal shape or the like when viewed from the side. The shaft 13 protrudes from the side,
The scroll gears 15 and 17 are rotatably fitted to the shaft portion 13. Further, connecting portions 14 connected to the ring gear 5 on the front and rear side surfaces of the differential block 11 are provided symmetrically in a substantially L-shaped cross section as shown in the drawing so as to avoid the scroll gears 15 and 17, respectively. The distal end of the connecting portion 14 is integrally fixed to the side surface of the ring gear 5 by welding or the like.

The left and right scroll gears 15, 17 are respectively
Left and right scroll teeth 16 are formed in a crown shape having a recess to be fitted to the shaft portion 13, and are opposite to each other on the left and right sides on the side of the differential block 11, which is the opening edge surface of the recess. , 18 are spirally formed as ridges (see FIGS. 5A and 5B). It is sufficient that the left and right scroll teeth 16 and 18 are formed in opposite directions to each other, and any of them may be right-handed or left-handed spiral. That is, it is not limited that the left scroll teeth 16 of the left scroll gear 15 are left-handed and that the right scroll teeth 18 of the right scroll gear 17 are right-handed. It is only for convenience in the name of the part. Although not shown, each of the scroll teeth 16 and 18 is not limited to being formed as a single strip as shown, but may be formed as a plurality of strips such as two or three strips.

The left and right scroll gears 15, 1
7 Left and right wheel axles 3 on the outer surface of the back wall in each recess
The left scroll shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the left wheel shaft 3, and the right scroll shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the right wheel shaft 4, respectively. is there. The fixed connection between the left and right wheel shafts 3, 4 and the left and right scroll gears 15, 17 is, for example, formed integrally with each other, or an appropriate connecting member, for example, a connecting flange formed on the left and right wheel shafts 3, 4 Are connected so as to be united by screwing or the like in a state of contact with the peripheral edges of the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17.

The spur gear 19 is a spur gear that is arranged and supported as a pair at upper and lower or front and rear symmetric positions in the differential block 11 in the drawing. That is, in a notch recess 21 formed at the upper and lower edges or the front and rear edges of the differential block main body 12, it is rotatably supported by a gear shaft arranged on the differential block main body 12 along the axial direction of the propeller shaft 1. The teeth of the spur gear 19 itself are simultaneously meshed with the left and right scroll teeth 16, 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15, 17, respectively. The spur gear 19 is driven to rotate by the left and right scroll gears 16 and 18 from the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17, but depending on the spur gear 19, even if the left and right scroll teeth 16 and 18 respectively mesh with the spur gear 19. The left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 are not driven to rotate and are locked.

Here, when the propeller shaft 1 is rotated by a driving force from an engine or the like, the drive pinion 2 and the ring gear 5 are rotated, and the rotation of the ring gear 5 connects the differential block to which the ring gear 5 is connected. 11 itself is rotated. And this differential block 11
The rotation of the left and right scroll teeth 1
Even if the gears 6 and 18 are engaged with each other, the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 are rotated by the rotation of the differential block 11 without being driven to rotate, whereby the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 are driven and rotated. This allows the car to travel back and forth. That is, at this time, the left and right scroll teeth 16 and 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 which are opposite to each other are spur gears 19.
, The spur gear 19 itself does not rotate and revolves with the rotation of the differential block 11.
The left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 are locked with the left and right scroll teeth 16 and 18.
Each of them rotates, so that the left and right wheel shafts 3, 4 can rotate in the same direction. Therefore, when traveling straight, the rotational force of the propeller shaft 1 causes the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 to follow and rotate with the same rotational force via the drive pinion 2, the ring gear 5, the differential block 11, and the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17, respectively. It is.

When turning to the left or right, for example, when turning right, the right wheel axle 4 tends to rotate at a lower speed than the left wheel axle 3. The rotation difference between the wheel shafts 3 and 4 is such that the spur gear 19 in which the left and right scroll teeth 16 and 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 mesh with each other is fast in the driven rotation from the left scroll tooth 16 side, and the right scroll is performed. When the spur gear 19 itself rotates so as to rotate slowly in the driven rotation from the tooth 18 side, the spur gear 19 avoids and absorbs. As a result, a differential is generated between the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 to rotate the wheel shafts, thereby smoothing a curved running.

Further, for example, a situation in which the drive wheels such as the left and right rear wheels are slipping in a place where the road surface resistance is small such as a muddy road or running on a frozen surface or the like. In this case, the driving torque of the propeller shaft 1 is equal to the drive pinion 2, the ring gear 5,
The right wheel axle 4 is driven to rotate via the differential block 11 and the right scroll gear 17, so that the right wheel axle 4 transmits a rotational driving force to the right driving wheel, and the vehicle travels due to the ground resistance of the ground. It is doing. At this time, since the left wheel shaft 3 is idle even though it is driven and rotated via the drive pinion 2, the differential block 11 and the left scroll gear 15, the left scroll teeth 16 in the left scroll gear 15 are spur gears 19. However, the rotation on the left scroll gear 15 side does not rotate the spur gear 19 even if the spur gear 19 is engaged. Only the right scroll tooth 1 of the right scroll gear 17 that is being driven and rotated.
Even though the spur gear 19 itself is rotating due to the meshing of the spur gear 19 with the spur gear 19, even if the rotating spur gear 19 meshes with the left scroll tooth 16, the rotation is transmitted to the left scroll gear 15 itself. Instead, the engagement is in the locked state, so that the differential block 11 is also rotated, and the entire differential means 10 is rotated. Then, the driving force of the propeller shaft 1 does not cause the left wheel shaft 3 to idle, and the rotational power of the right wheel shaft 4 that is driven and rotated by the driving force of the propeller shaft 1 forcibly rotates the left wheel shaft 3 itself. The idling is avoided by the differential means 10 as a whole, and the vehicle itself travels in the forward or backward direction while avoiding idling. When the left wheel axle 3 is driven to rotate and the right wheel axle 4 is idling, the same operation is performed.
Is forcibly driven and rotated by the left wheel axle 3.

[0017]

As described above, the present invention is constructed as described above. Therefore, even if the road wheels such as muddy or frozen surfaces have reduced resistance and the driving wheels idle, the differential between left, right and front and rear is obtained. The driving wheels can be restrained from idling, and as a result, the driving force can be reliably transmitted to the driving wheels and can easily escape from the place. In addition, even when traveling on a curve, by automatically making a difference between left, right, front and back, it is possible to secure running stability without further idling,
Moreover, unlike the conventional case, the clutch disk, the viscous coupling, the combination of complicated worm gears, the electronic control mechanism, and the like are extremely simple, so that there is little trouble, the operation is reliable, and the maintenance and inspection are easy. .

That is, the differential means 10 according to the present invention comprises a differential block 11 connected to a ring gear 5 driven and rotated via a drive pinion 2 by a propeller shaft 1 driven and rotated; 11
Scroll teeth 16 and 18 of opposite directions are formed on the surface side, and left and right rotatably supported on the left and right sides of the differential block 11 in a state of being fixedly connected to the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4 respectively. The scroll gears 15 and 17 and the spur gear 19 meshed with the scroll teeth 16 and 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 and rotatably supported by the differential block 11 are provided. Thus, it is possible to obtain symmetrical driving when driving straight ahead, differential driving when turning, driving transmission by avoiding idling when idling, and the like.

The spur gear 1 in the differential means 10
Reference numeral 9 denotes left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 meshing with this.
In transmitting the driving force, the driving force can be transmitted from the scroll gears 15 and 17 side, but the driving force is not transmitted from the opposite direction. Therefore, the rotational driving by the rotation difference between the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 is allowed. Even if you enable movement,
When one of them slips, the rotation from the other locks one side of the differential means 10 so that the entire differential means 10 is forcibly rotated to prevent the slip and transmit the driving force.

The differential block 1 in the differential means 10
1 has a shaft portion 13 on which the scroll gears 15 and 17 are rotatably fitted, respectively, on the left and right side surfaces of a block-shaped differential block main body 12 having appropriate left and right widths. In addition to replacing the conventional differential case, the left and right scroll gears 15,
17, and the spur gears 19 are integrated, and firmly support their rotation in a possible state. Further, since a connecting portion 14 that connects to the ring gear 5 is provided on each of the front and rear side surfaces of the differential block main body 12, the differential block 11 is rotatably inserted into one of the left and right wheel shafts 3 and 4. The integration with the ring gear 5 is achieved, and the rotational driving force of the propeller shaft 1 can be reliably transmitted to the left and right wheel shafts 3, 4.

The spur gear 19 includes the differential block main body 12.
In the notch recess 21 formed at the symmetric position of the edge in
It is rotatably supported by a gear shaft arranged on the differential block body 12 itself along the axial direction of the propeller shaft 1,
Since the right and left scroll teeth 16 and 18 of the left and right scroll gears 15 and 17 are meshed with each other at the same time, it is possible to ensure the differential transmission and the drive transmission in which idling is prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view according to an embodiment of the present invention, and also shows the whole assembled by a two-dot chain line.

FIG. 2A is a plan view of a partially cutaway, and FIG. 2B is a side view of a partially cutaway.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the differential means.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view of the differential means.

FIG. 5 is a front view of left and right scroll gears.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Propeller shaft 2 ... Drive pinion 3 ... Left wheel axle 4 ... Right wheel axle 5 ... Left ring gear 6 ... Right ring gear 10 ... Differential means 11 ... Differential block 12 ... Differential block body 13 ... Shaft part 14 ... Connecting part 15 left scroll gear 16 left scroll tooth 17 right scroll gear 18 right scroll tooth 19 spur gear 21 notch recess

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A ring gear having one of left and right wheel shafts rotatably inserted into a drive pinion fixed to a propeller shaft for transmitting driving force to wheels via a differential means. In the differential transmission device configured to transmit the driving force to the left and right wheel shafts, the differential means includes a differential block connected to the ring gear,
Scroll teeth of opposite directions are formed on the differential block surface side, and left and right scroll gears rotatably supported on the left and right side surfaces of the differential block in a state of being fixedly connected to the left and right wheel shafts, respectively. A differential transmission device comprising a spur gear meshed with each of the scroll teeth of the left and right scroll gears and rotatably supported by a differential block. 2. The differential block according to claim 1, wherein a left and right side surfaces of a block-shaped differential block main body having appropriate widths are provided with projecting shaft portions on which respective scroll gears are rotatably fitted, and front and rear side surfaces of the differential block main body. 2. The differential transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting portion connected to the ring gear. 3. The spur gear is rotatably supported in a notch recess formed at a symmetrical position of an edge of the differential block main body by a gear shaft arranged on the differential block main body itself along the axial direction of the propeller shaft. 3. The differential transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the left and right scroll teeth of the scroll gear are simultaneously meshed.