JPH10159391A - Air film structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce maintenance/control cost by supporting a domed film roof by a cable truss composed of an upper chord member and a lower chord member, holding rigidity and stability of the film roof without increasing pressure of the inside of a house, and attaining size reduction in an air blower or the like. SOLUTION: A film roof 4 is constituted by fastening/installing a film material 3 to an upper surface of a cable truss 5 whose end part is supported by compression rings 7 arranged on an upper part of an outer wall 1, and tensile force is held by the film material 3 by rigidity of the cable truss 5. The cable truss 5 is formed of an upper chord member 5a, a lower chord member 5b, columns, a brace cable or the like, and an upper surface is formed in an upward curved condition along the film roof 4, and light weight and flexibility are imparted. The lower chord member 5b can be constituted in a horizontal condition or by being curved downward beside being curved upward. Capacity of an indoor pressure adjusting air blower caused by opening/closing of a window and a doorway or the like is reduced, and pressure control by a computer is facilitated. Therefore, equipment cost and maintenance cost can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of forming a membrane roof using a membrane material, and increasing the indoor air pressure surrounded by the membrane roof and the outer wall to bring the membrane roof into a tension state and a roof load and an external force. The present invention relates to an air film structure having a resistance structure, and more specifically, belongs to the field of technology of maintaining stability and rigidity of a film surface by the rigidity of a lightweight cable truss.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been active research on architectural technology for forming large-scale facilities without pillars by means of a membrane structure, and an air membrane structure has been realized and used as Tokyo Dome. As shown in the conceptual views of FIGS. 9A and 9B, the air film structure has a two-dimensional plane view on the upper surface surrounded by the outer wall 1 of the airtight structure and the plan view in the plane of the compression ring 7 as shown in FIG. 9B. A membrane roof 4 having a configuration in which a membrane material 3 is fixed on a cable 2 assembled in a lattice shape is installed, and the structure that supports the membrane roof 4 by air pressure is characteristic. It is widely recognized as an advantage. In addition, since the construction can be performed in a deflated state (free suspension state, a state in which the film surface is shrunk and suspended), the amount of temporary materials can be reduced and the workability is excellent.

[0003] As a conventional example of the prior art, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
The air membrane structure described in Japanese Patent No. 1125 discloses a cable supporting a membrane material, a primary cable having a length set along the inflated shape of a membrane roof, and an upper cable that is shorter than the primary cable and contracts (deflates). ) The membrane roof in the state consists of a lower secondary cable that is set to a length that is suspended above the floor and supported. The outer membrane is fixed on the primary cable, and the inner membrane is located below the secondary cable. And the primary cable and the secondary cable are vertically connected by a vertical connection film or metal fitting.

[0004]

The air film structure is a structure based on the principle of supporting the roof load by pushing up the film roof with the indoor air pressure, and always keeps the indoor air pressure (constant air pressure) higher than the outside air pressure. It must be high and the interior and exterior of the building are completely isolated. During snowfall, strong winds and typhoons, the indoor pressure is further increased until the external force is resisted, thereby increasing the rigidity and stability of the membrane roof. Analyzing the distribution of indoor pressure supporting the membrane roof,
The ratio of the function of supporting the roof's own weight is about half of the indoor pressure (constant air pressure = 30 mm water column), and the other pressure is divided into the function of preventing vibration (swaying) of the membrane roof due to wind in the usual range. I have.

The technical problems of the air film structure described above are summarized as follows. The initial cost and running cost required for a blower pressurizing device (fan) for applying indoor pressure and related blower equipment are high. The cost of managing the 24-hour system required to maintain the proper construction of the membrane roof in response to the load of wind and snow and the pressure of indoor pressure control applied to a computer responding to the management are high.

[0006] A highly airtight fitting (door, window sash) required to maintain and manage indoor pressure,
Sanitary facilities are expensive (for example, it is expensive because the set value of drainage pressure acting on the U-tube portion of the toilet is high). Further, if the indoor pressure is increased during strong winds and snowfall, wind pressure due to air leakage when people enter and exit And discomfort such as tinnitus and the like become a problem.

[0007] All of these are problems caused by high indoor pressure acting. Moreover, since each component is designed and manufactured on the premise of the maximum indoor pressure, it is a major problem that the cost is dramatically increased. Next, the air film structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-141125 has a structure in which a film material is supported by primary and secondary cables arranged vertically, and its intended operation is as follows. The membrane roof in the inflated (inflated) state is supported by the primary cable, and the membrane roof in the contracted (deflated) state is a secondary cable with enough space to allow people to pass between the floor and the floor. Is to be suspended and supported. Therefore, it is not a technique of improvement or device for reducing indoor pressure.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to maintain the rigidity and stability of the membrane roof without increasing the indoor pressure (constant air pressure) without impairing the lightness and flexibility which are the advantages of the air membrane structure (membrane roof). It is to improve as follows.

[0009]

As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is to form a membrane roof using a membrane material, and to cover an indoor space surrounded by the membrane roof and an outer wall. In the air membrane structure having a structure in which the air pressure of the membrane roof is increased to make the membrane roof in a tension state and resist a roof load and an external force, the membrane roof is provided on an upper surface of a cable truss whose end is supported on an upper portion of the outer wall. The cable truss holds the tension of the membrane material and maintains rigidity.

[0010] In the cable truss according to the first aspect, the upper chord material cable and the lower chord material cable are configured in an upwardly curved state substantially along the expanded shape of the membrane material tensioned by indoor air pressure. (Fig. 1). In the cable truss according to claim 1, the upper chord cable is configured to have an upwardly curved state substantially along the expanded shape of the membrane material tensioned by indoor air pressure. It is characterized in that a horizontal state is maintained even in a tension state (FIG. 2).

In the cable truss according to the first aspect, the upper chord cable is formed in an upwardly curved state substantially in conformity with the expanded shape of the membrane material tensioned by indoor air pressure, and the lower chord cable is formed by a membrane material. Is configured to maintain a downward curved state substantially symmetric with the upper chord material in the tension state (FIG. 3).

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, a membrane roof 4 is formed by using a membrane material 3 as in the conventional example of FIG. 9, and the air pressure of an indoor space 6 surrounded by the membrane roof 4 and the outer wall 1 is shown. And the membrane roof 4 is put into a tensioned state, and is applied to an air membrane structure having a structure that resists roof load and external force. Specifically, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the membrane roof 4 has a structure in which the membrane material 3 is fixed to the upper surface of a cable truss 5 whose end is supported by a compression ring 7 installed above the outer wall 1, The configuration is such that the tension of the membrane material 3 is maintained by the rigidity of the cable truss 5 and the rigidity is maintained. Therefore,
This air film structure can be used even if the indoor constant air pressure is considerably lower than the previous value (for example, 30 mm water column) (for example, 2 mm).
Even with a water column of about 0 mm), the cable truss 5 can sufficiently maintain the stability and rigidity of the membrane roof 4. And cable truss 5
Will be apparent in the following description.

The embodiment of the cable truss 5 is implemented in such a manner that the upper chord member 5a and the lower chord member 5b are in an upwardly curved state substantially following the expanded shape of the film member 3 which is always in tension by air pressure indoors. (See Fig. 1)
a is configured in an upwardly curved state substantially along the inflated shape of the film material 3 which is tensioned by the air pressure in the indoor 6,
b is a case where the film material 3 is implemented in a configuration in which the film material 3 maintains a horizontal state even in the tension state (see FIG. 2), or the upper chord material 5a
Is constructed in an upwardly curved state substantially in line with the expanded shape of the film material 3 tensioned by the air pressure in the indoor 6, but the lower chord material 5 b
The method is broadly divided into a case where the film material 3 is implemented in a configuration in which it keeps a downwardly curved state substantially symmetric with the upper chord material 5a in the tension state (see FIG. 3).

However, the planar arrangement of the cable truss 5 is roughly classified into the embodiments shown in FIGS. First, FIG. 8A shows a format in which all of the vertical and horizontal cables arranged in the plane of the compression ring 7 are configured and implemented as cable trusses 5 indicated by thick lines. In this case, the cable truss 5 has a substantially three-dimensional truss structure. In addition, as shown in FIG.
A form in which a cable truss 5 indicated by a thick line and a simple cable 2 (corresponding to upper chord material) each indicated by a thin line are arranged every other (or every other) in both lateral directions, Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8C, a cable truss 5 indicated only by a thick line in the horizontal direction (or only in the vertical direction) is arranged, and all other directions are configured and implemented as a simple cable 2 indicated by a thin line. As shown in FIG. 8D, the cable truss 5 indicated by the thick line only in the horizontal direction (or only in the vertical direction) is arranged every other (or every other cable) with the simple cable 2 indicated by the thin line, and May be implemented in a configuration in which only a simple cable 2 indicated by a thin line is arranged.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A concrete structure of a cable truss 5 which is embodied in a structural form as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is embodied as shown in FIGS. First, the embodiment of FIG.
Of the upper chord cable 5a, 5a and the intersection of the lower chord cable 5b, 5b in two vertical and horizontal directions are vertically connected by a support 8 and each of the upper and lower intersections is connected by a brace cable 9. The cable truss 5 having a configuration that is connected diagonally is shown.

FIG. 7 shows the details of the structure of the upper and lower portions of the column surrounded by the portion Y in FIG. Upper chord cable 5a, 5
a are connected to each other by a bolt 11 in which a pair of cable holders 10 and 10 sandwiching the upper and lower sides of a one-way cable 5a are vertically arranged.
2 is attached, and the cable 5a in the orthogonal direction is connected to the membrane mounting hardware 12 by a U-shaped bolt 13. The film material 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the film mounting hardware 12 using a film holder 14. Also at the intersection of the lower chord material cables 5b, 5b, the one-way cable 5b is sandwiched by the pair of upper and lower cable holders 10, 10, and the pair of cable holders 1 is held by U-bolts 15 for restraining the orthogonal cable 5b.
0 and 10 are linked. And, the post mounting hardware 16 provided on the cable holder 10 facing up and down,
The upper and lower portions of the column 8 are connected between the 16. The support 8 is made of steel. In the post mounting hardware 16,
The ends of the brace cables 9 in each direction are connected.

Next, the cable truss 5 shown in FIG.
To put it simply, the cable truss 5 shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 has a structure in which upper and lower intersections are connected by cables 17 instead of the columns 8. Cable truss 5 shown in FIG.
Is a configuration in which a brace cable 18 is connected between an upper chord material cable 5a and a lower chord material cable 5b so as to form a vertical zigzag triangle.

[0018]

According to the air film structure of the present invention, the advantages inherent in the air film structure, that is, lightness and flexibility,
Alternatively, the indoor air pressure can be reduced to about 2/3 (for example, about 20 mm water column) by the rigidity of the cable truss without losing the indoor brightness. Therefore, the capacity of the blower pressurizing device (fan) for applying indoor pressure and the related blower equipment can be considerably downgraded,
Initial costs and running costs required for them can be reduced. Also, the management of the 24-hour system required to maintain the proper construction of the membrane roof in response to the external force of wind or snow is considerably eased, and the indoor pressure control of the computer application responding to the management is considerably eased. The frequency is also significantly reduced, and the proportion of time in which control can be omitted becomes dominant, so that the cost is reduced accordingly. In addition, fittings (doors, doors, etc.) with reduced airtightness required to maintain and manage indoor pressure
The use of window sashes or the use of sanitary equipment with reduced pressure set values is possible, and their costs can be reduced. Since the degree of increasing the indoor pressure during strong winds and snowfall is small, it is possible to provide an air film structure that inevitably prevents humans from getting in and out.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an elevational view conceptually showing an air film structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an elevation view conceptually showing a different example of the air film structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an elevational view conceptually showing still another example of the air film structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an elevation view of a main part showing a configuration example of a cable truss.

FIG. 5 is an elevation view of a main part showing a different example of the configuration of the cable truss.

FIG. 6 is an elevation view of a main part showing still another example of the configuration of the cable truss.

FIG. 7 is an elevational view of a main part in which a Y part indicated in FIG. 4 is enlarged;

FIGS. 8A to 8D are plan views showing different examples of the planar arrangement of the cable truss.

9A is an elevation view conceptually showing a conventional air film structure, and FIG. 9B is a plan view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Membrane material 4 Membrane roof 1 Exterior wall 6 Indoor 5 Cable truss 5a Upper chord cable 5b Lower chord truss

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Tanno 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Kozo Fukao 1-5-5 Otsuka, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture Address 1 Inside Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An air membrane having a structure in which a membrane roof is formed by using a membrane material, and the air pressure in a room surrounded by the membrane roof and an outer wall is increased to make the membrane roof in a tension state and to resist a roof load and an external force. In the structure, the membrane roof has a configuration in which a membrane material is fixed to an upper surface of a cable truss whose end is supported on an upper portion of the outer wall, and the cable truss holds tension of the membrane material, and has rigidity. An air film structure characterized by keeping. 2. The cable truss according to claim 1,
The air film structure, wherein the upper chord material cable and the lower chord material cable are configured in an upwardly curved state substantially along the expanded shape of the film material tensioned by indoor air pressure. 3. The cable truss according to claim 1,
The upper chord cable is configured in an upwardly curved state substantially along the expanded shape of the membrane material tensioned by indoor air pressure,
An air film structure, wherein the lower chord material cable is configured to maintain a horizontal state even when the film material is in the tension state. 4. The cable truss according to claim 1,
The upper chord cable is configured in an upwardly curved state substantially along the expanded shape of the membrane material tensioned by indoor air pressure,
The air film structure, wherein the lower chord material cable is configured to have a downward curved state substantially symmetric with the upper chord material in the tension state.