JPH1015916A - Apparatus for compression of wood - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sufficiently and efficiently compress a wood. SOLUTION: A wood 1 is preheated at a preheating part and then, heated at a heating part to soften the material. Then, the wood 1 is carried to a compression part C and is compressed. The compression part C is provided with an upper part roller conveyer 3, a lower part roller conveyer 4 and left and right side part roller conveyers 5 and 6. While rollers 7 of these roller conveyers 3, 4, 5 and 6 are rotated, they are pushed on a wood 1 and the wood 1 is compressed while the wood 1 is carried. In this instance, water is sprayed from a nozzle 9 to cool the wood 1 and the wood 1 is prevented from being swollen. After compression is completed, the rollers 7 are pushed for aging. Then, the wood 1 is inserted and is heated again by a reheating part to make the wood 1 semipermanently unswollen material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a timber compression device for increasing the strength and durability of timber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Timber used as a building material such as a pillar of a house is required to have strength and durability. It is known that compressing lumber increases its strength and durability. If the timber is compressed, cracks, shrinkage, distortion, etc. after drying due to the difference in density between the core and the outer ring of the timber can be eliminated. For this reason, conventionally, various devices for compressing timber have been proposed, but there are many problems in performance and work efficiency, and the like.
In fact, it has not yet been put to practical use.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a timber compression apparatus capable of compressing timber sufficiently and efficiently.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating unit for heating lumber, and a compression unit for compressing the heated lumber, and the compression unit transports the lumber in the longitudinal direction. 4 of upper roller conveyor, lower roller conveyor, side roller conveyor on one side, and side roller conveyor on the other side
One roller conveyor, and at least one of the upper roller conveyor and the lower roller conveyor is a movable roller conveyor that is movable in the vertical direction, and one of the side roller conveyors and the other is a movable roller conveyor. At least one of the movable rollers is a movable roller conveyor that can be moved in the horizontal direction, and the upstream roller in the direction of transporting the timber of the four roller conveyors has a vertical gap and a horizontal gap that gradually decrease toward the downstream. The downstream part is a curing roller conveyor part in which the vertical interval and the horizontal interval are constant, and the rollers of the four roller conveyors are pressed against the timber to compress the timber. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the curing roller conveyor section includes:
A cooling means for cooling the timber is provided. Claim 3
In the invention, at least one of the four roller conveyors is provided with a flange that comes into contact with an end face of the timber on a roller of the roller conveyor. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating unit for heating the lumber, and a compression for compressing the lumber heated by the heating unit while transporting the lumber in the longitudinal direction by pressing the rollers while rotating the rollers by driving the driving unit. Department and
And a reheating unit for inserting the lumber compressed by the compression unit into a pipe and heating the pipe to reheat and expand the inserted lumber. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the compression section is provided with cooling means for cooling the timber. In the invention according to claim 6, the roller is provided with a flange which comes into contact with an end face of the timber. In the invention according to claim 7, the position of the collar portion can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the roller.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the timber is transported in the longitudinal direction by four roller conveyors.
First, the roller of the compression roller conveyor section is compressed by being pressed. Then, the compressed state is maintained for a predetermined time by pressing the roller of the curing roller conveyor, so that the timber can be firmly compressed, and the strength and durability of the timber can be increased. According to the second aspect of the present invention, expansion of the timber can be suppressed by cooling the compressed timber. According to the third aspect of the invention, the expansion of the timber during compression can be prevented by bringing the collar into contact with the end face of the timber.

In the invention according to claim 4, the lumber is softened by being heated in the heating unit. Next, the lumber is compressed by pressing the rollers in the compression section. Then, the compressed lumber is inserted into the pipe, the pipe is heated, reheated, and expanded, whereby the lumber becomes a strong material that does not expand due to aging. The invention of claim 5 can suppress the expansion of the timber by cooling the compressed timber. According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the expansion of the timber during compression can be prevented by bringing the collar into contact with the end face of the timber. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the collar can be firmly abutted on the timber in accordance with the size of the timber.

[0007]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a timber compression device, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. First, an overall configuration of a timber compression device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The apparatus for compressing timber includes a preheating section A, a heating section B,
It comprises a compression section C and a reheating section D. The preheating unit A includes a heating chamber, and preheats the lumber 1 while transporting the lumber 1 by the first conveyor 2 in the direction a. The preheating temperature is freely determined depending on the type and size of the lumber 1 and is, for example, about 70 to 100 ° C. The lumber 1 is a cedar, a cypress, or the like. Since the lumber compressing device has a function of straightening the lumber as described later, the lumber 1 may be a thinned lumber. The thinned timber is bent and has been discarded as defective timber that has no utility value.

After the lumber 1 is preheated in the preheating section A, the first lumber 1
From the second conveyor 3 to the second conveyor 3. The second conveyor 3 transports the timber 1 in its longitudinal direction (the direction of the arrow b). On the way, there is a heating section B,
Are heated in the heating unit B. The heating unit B heats the timber 1 to the core by a heat source such as a microwave. When the lumber 1 is heated, the material becomes softer as lignin in the tissue dissolves, and the lumber 1 is easily compressed in the next compression section C. The temperature of the main heating is freely determined according to the type of the lumber 1 and the like, but is, for example, about 100 to 200 ° C.

The compression section C is composed of four roller conveyors, upper and lower, left and right, and its structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 is a side view of the compression section C, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the same. As shown in FIG. 3, the compression unit C includes an upper roller conveyor 3 and a lower roller conveyor 4 provided so as to sandwich the timber 1 from above and below.
As shown in FIG. 4, a total of four roller conveyors including a side roller conveyor 5 on one side and a side roller conveyor 6 on the other side provided so as to sandwich the timber 1 from the lateral direction (lateral direction). Made up of These roller conveyors 3,
Each of 4, 5, and 6 is configured by arranging rollers 7 side by side. As described later, the upstream part of these four roller conveyors 3, 4, 5, and 6 becomes a compression roller conveyor part K1 for compressing the timber 1, and the downstream part keeps the compressed state to cure the timber 1. It becomes the curing conveyor part K2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

The lumber 1 of this embodiment is a square lumber having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 5, and each roller 7 of the four roller conveyors 3, 4, 5, and 6 is attached to four surfaces of the lumber 1. It is pressed from four directions. That is, the roller 7 of the upper roller conveyor 3 presses against the upper surface of the timber 1 and the lower roller conveyor 4
The rollers 7 of the timber 1 are pressed against the lower surface of the timber 1, and the rollers 7 of the roller conveyors 5, 6 are pressed against the left and right side surfaces of the timber 1.

First, the upper roller conveyor 3 and the lower roller conveyor 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1
Reference numeral 0 denotes a first receiving portion of the upper roller conveyor 3, and the rollers 7 are arranged in this receiving portion 10. A motor 11A is provided on the back surface of the first receiving portion 10. Motor 11A
A transmission band 12 is tuned to each roller 7. When the motor 11A is driven, each roller 7 rotates in the direction of transporting the timber 1 to the left (the direction of arrow c) in FIG.

On the upstream side of the first receiving portion 10, a second receiving portion 1 is provided.
3 is connected to the hinge 15 so as to be rotatable up and down. The rollers 7 are also arranged in the second receiving portion 13. The transmission band 14 is also adjusted on the roller 7, and when the motor 11 </ b> A is driven, the roller 7 rotates in the direction of transporting the timber 1 in the direction of arrow c, similarly to the roller 7 of the first receiving unit 10. The upper surface of both sides of the first receiving portion 10 is a hydraulic cylinder 20
A, 20B. A hydraulic cylinder 20C is connected to an upstream end of the second receiving portion 13. When the rod 21 of the hydraulic cylinders 20A and 20B protrudes and retracts,
The first receiving part 10 moves up and down. Hydraulic cylinder 20C
When the rod 21 projects and retracts, the second receiving portion 13
5 is rotated in the vertical direction, and its inclination angle is changed.
27A is a link mechanism for supporting the first receiving portion 10 so as to be vertically movable. That is, the first receiving unit 10 and the second receiving unit 1
The upper roller conveyor 3 configured by arranging the rollers 7 in parallel with the upper roller 3 is a movable roller conveyor that can move up and down.

In FIG. 3, the lower roller conveyor 4 includes
The roller 7 is arranged in parallel with the receiving portion 18. Receiving part 1
8 is fixed, and the rollers 7 of the lower roller conveyor 4 are fixed.
Is disposed in parallel with the roller 7 of the first receiving portion 10 of the upper roller conveyor 3. As described above, the hydraulic cylinder 2
0A and 20B rods 21 are pushed in and
Of the first receiving portion 10 by moving the
And vertical interval T between the rollers 7 of the lower roller conveyor 4
Adjust 1 The size of the interval T1 is changed according to the cross-sectional dimension of the timber 1. Of course, the lower roller conveyor 4
May be a movable roller conveyor, and may be moved up and down with respect to the upper roller conveyor 3 to change the interval T1.

A motor 11B is provided on the back of the receiving portion 18, and a transmission band 29 is tuned to the roller 7 of the receiving portion 18. Therefore, when the motor 11B is driven,
The roller 7 rotates in the direction of transporting the timber 1 in the direction of arrow c. Also, the second receiving portion 13 of the upper roller conveyor 3 is inclined as shown in FIG.
3 between the roller 7 and the receiving unit 18 in the vertical direction.
2 gradually decreases from the upstream to the downstream, thereby gradually compressing the timber 1 conveyed between the roller 7 of the receiving portion 13 and the roller 7 of the receiving portion 18 in the vertical direction. That is, the section in which the second receiving section 13 is provided is a compression roller conveyor section K1 for compressing the timber 1. The section where the first receiving portion 10 is disposed and the interval T1 is constant is a curing roller conveyor section K2 for maintaining the compressed state of the timber 1 and ensuring the compression of the timber 1.

Next, the structure of the side roller conveyors 5, 6 will be described with reference to FIGS. The right side roller conveyor 5 in FIG. 5 (the upper side in FIG. 4) has the same structure as the upper roller conveyor 3 shown in FIG.
That is, 22 is a first receiving portion, 23 is a second receiving portion rotatably connected to an upstream end of the first receiving portion 22 by a hinge 28 in a lateral direction (horizontal direction). 7 are juxtaposed. The back surfaces of both sides of the first receiving portion 22 are connected to the rods 21 of the hydraulic cylinders 20D and 20E. The upstream end of the second receiving portion 23 is connected to the rod 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 20F. Further, the side roller conveyor 6 on the other side is configured by arranging the rollers 7 side by side on a fixed receiving portion 27.

Reference numerals 24 and 25 denote transmission bands tuned to the rollers 7 of the first receiving portion 22 and the second receiving portion 23, 26A denotes a motor for driving the rollers, and 27B denotes an advancing and retreating of the first receiving portion 22. This is a link mechanism that supports freely. Reference numeral 30 denotes a power transmission member adjusted to the rollers 7 of the receiving portion 27, and reference numeral 26B denotes a motor provided on the back surface of the receiving portion 27. When the motors 26A and 26B are driven, each roller 7 rotates, and conveys the lumber 1 in the direction of arrow c.

Therefore, in FIG.
When the rods 21 of D and 20E protrude and retract, the side roller conveyor 5 advances and retreats with respect to the side roller conveyor 6, and the horizontal (horizontal) interval T3 between the rollers 7 is the cross-sectional dimension of the timber 1. Will be changed accordingly. That is, the side roller conveyor 5 is a movable roller conveyor capable of moving forward and backward in the horizontal direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the second receiving portion 23 is inclined, so that the rollers 7 and 7
Of the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) gradually decreases from the upstream to the downstream, and the timber 1 conveyed between the intervals T4 is smaller.
From left and right. Therefore, like the upper roller conveyor 3 and the lower roller conveyor 4, the side roller conveyors 5 and 6 also have a compression roller conveyor portion K1 at the upstream portion and a curing roller conveyor portion K2 at the downstream portion. ing.

3 to 5, a nozzle 9 is provided between the rollers 7 constituting the curing roller conveyor section K2. The nozzle 9 jets water sent from a water source (not shown) toward four surfaces of the lumber 1 to cool the lumber 1. By cooling the lumber 1 immediately after being compressed by the compression roller conveyor section K1, the compressed lumber 1
To prevent swelling. That is, the nozzle 9 is a cooling unit for the lumber 1. The cooling means is not limited to water, but may be a means for blowing air. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the nozzle 9 is omitted because the drawing becomes complicated.

Next, the reheating unit D provided downstream of the heating unit C will be described with reference to FIGS.
Reference numeral 30 denotes a third conveyor on which a number of pipes 31 are placed. The pipe 31 is transported by the third conveyor 30 in the direction of arrow e. The timber 1 sent from the compression section C is inserted into the pipe 31 as shown by the arrow d (see also FIG. 6A).

Reference numeral 32 denotes a cylinder provided on the side of the position where the timber 1 is inserted into the pipe 31.
Is inserted, the pipe 31 or the left end of the timber 1 is received by the stopper 33 attached to the tip of the rod so that the pipe 31 does not move to the left. Downstream of the third conveyor 30, a reheating chamber 34 is provided. The reheating chamber 34 reheats the lumber 1 inserted into the pipe 31 by a heat source such as a microwave. The reheating temperature varies depending on the type of timber 1, etc.
For example, it is about 100 to 200 ° C.

This apparatus for compressing lumber is constructed as described above. Next, a method for compressing lumber 1 will be described. In FIG. 1, the timber 1 preheated by the preheating unit A while being conveyed by the first conveyor 2 in the direction of the arrow a is delivered from the first conveyor 2 to the second conveyor 3. And it is conveyed by the 2nd conveyor 3 to the heating part B (arrow b), and is fully heated.

Next, the lumber 1 is sent to the compression section C. 3 and 4, the timber 1 is sent in the direction of arrow c in the figure, but the second receiving portion 1 located upstream of the compression portion C is shown.
Since the intervals T2 and T4 between the rollers 7 of the rollers 3 and 23 and the rollers 7 of the receiving portions 18 and 27 gradually decrease toward the downstream side as shown in the drawing, the timber 1 is moved downstream (direction c) by the rotation of each roller 7. The rollers 7 are pressed against the four surfaces of the timber 1 while being sent to the timber 1, and the timber 1 is gradually compressed. That is, the second receiving portions 13 and 23 in the upstream portion of the compression portion C
The portion where the rollers 7 are arranged side by side is a compression roller conveyor section K1 for compressing the timber 1 as described above.

Here, the lumber 1 is heated by the heating unit B, and its material is softened.
Are easily compressed by being pressed. Even if the lumber 1 is a thinned lumber and is bent, the lumber 1 is straightened by pressing the rollers 7 from four directions. Furthermore, when the roller 7 is pressed and compressed, the moisture contained in the timber 1 is mechanically squeezed out, and the water content of the timber 1 decreases. Therefore, by using the compression section C, it is possible to eliminate the need for drying timber, which is conventionally required.

The lumber 1 compressed as described above is sent to the rollers 7 of the first receiving portions 10 and 22. The distances T1 and T3 between the rollers 7 of the first receiving portions 10 and 22 and the fixed receiving portions 18 and 27 are constant, so that the lumber 1 is sent downstream for a predetermined time while maintaining the compressed state. That is, this portion is a curing roller conveyor portion K2 for ensuring the compressed state as described above (for the reference numerals K1 and K2, see also FIGS. 1 and 2). During this time, water is jetted from the nozzle 9 to the lumber 1 to cool the lumber 1 so as not to expand.

Next, the lumber 1 which has been compressed in the compression section C is inserted into the pipe 31 of the reheating section D (arrow d in FIG. 1). FIG. 6A shows a state immediately after insertion.
As shown in the figure, in the state immediately after the insertion, the diameter L1 of the lumber 1 is considerably smaller than the inner diameter L3 of the pipe 31. Next, the pipe 31 is sent to the reheating chamber 34 by the third conveyor 30 (arrow e in FIG. 1), and the lumber 1 is reheated. Due to this reheating, the lumber 1 slightly expands. FIG. 6B shows a cross section of the pipe 31 after reheating, and the diameter of the lumber 1 has expanded to L2. Next, the pipe 31 is connected to the reheating chamber
And the lumber 1 is naturally cooled. Of course, cooling may be performed by blowing air with a fan.

Next, the lumber 1 is extracted from the pipe 31 and all the steps are completed. The lumber 1 thus subjected to the compression processing is used as a building material such as a pillar of a house, but after being compressed in the compression part C and then reheated by the reheating part D, the lumber 1 It does not expand due to aging and maintains a strong compressed state semipermanently.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a roller of a compression section according to another embodiment. Collars 41 are provided at both ends of the roller 40.
a, 41b are mounted. The position of at least one of the flanges 41b is freely adjustable with respect to the axial direction N of the roller 40, so that the interval T between the flange 41a and the flange 41b can be changed according to the size of the lumber 1. I have.
The flanges 41a and 41b abut against four surfaces of the lumber 1 to prevent the lumber 1 from expanding. In addition, flange portions 41a and 41b
Has a tapered surface, whereby the lumber 1 to be expanded can be fitted to the flanges 41a, 41a of the downstream roller 40.
41b. This flange portion 41a,
The roller 40 with 41b can be used in the above-described embodiment instead of the roller 7.

[0029]

According to the present invention, a timber having excellent strength and durability can be obtained by sufficiently compressing the timber with good workability. In addition, since the thinned wood can be corrected, the thinned wood can be effectively used. Furthermore, since the dewatering can be performed mechanically with the compression, the drying of the timber, which has conventionally been extremely troublesome, can be eliminated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a timber compression device.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a timber compression device.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a compression unit of the timber compression device.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a compression section of the timber compression apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a compression unit of the timber compression device.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a pipe of a timber compression device.

FIG. 7 is a front view of rollers of a compression section of the timber compression device.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Preheating section B Heating section C Compression section D Reheating section 1 Timber 3 Upper roller conveyor (movable roller conveyor) 4 Lower roller conveyor 5 Side roller conveyor (movable roller conveyor) 6 Side roller conveyor 7, 40 Roller 9 Nozzle ( Cooling means) 11A, 11B, 26A, 26B Motor 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F Hydraulic cylinder 31 Pipe 41a, 41b Collar K1 Compression roller conveyor K2 Curing roller conveyor T1, T2 Vertical spacing T3 T4 horizontal spacing

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A heating section for heating lumber, and a compression section for compressing the heated lumber, the compression section comprising an upper roller conveyor, a lower roller conveyor, and one side for conveying the lumber in its longitudinal direction. A side roller conveyor, and a side roller conveyor on the other side, and at least one of the upper roller conveyor and the lower roller conveyor is a movable roller conveyor capable of moving vertically. At least one of the side roller conveyor and the side roller conveyor on the other side is a movable roller conveyor that can move in the lateral direction, and the upstream part in the transport direction of the timber of the four roller conveyors is in the vertical direction. Compression roller conveyor where the gap and the horizontal gap gradually decrease toward the downstream, and the downstream section has a constant vertical and horizontal gap Wherein the rollers of the four roller conveyors are pressed against the timber to compress the timber. 2. The apparatus for compressing timber according to claim 1, wherein cooling means for cooling the timber is provided in the curing roller conveyor. 3. The roller according to claim 1, wherein a roller of at least one of the four roller conveyors is provided with a flange that abuts against an end face of the timber. Timber compression equipment. 4. A heating unit for heating the lumber, and a compression unit for compressing the lumber heated by the heating unit while transporting the lumber in the longitudinal direction by driving a roller by a driving unit and rotating and pressing the rollers. A reheating unit for inserting the timber compressed by the compression unit into a pipe, heating the pipe to reheat and expand the inserted timber, and expanding the timber. 5. The apparatus for compressing a timber according to claim 4, wherein said compression section is provided with cooling means for cooling the timber. 6. The apparatus for compressing a lumber according to claim 4, wherein said roller is provided with a flange abutting on an end face of the lumber. 7. The apparatus for compressing lumber according to claim 3, wherein the position of the collar portion is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the roller.