JPH10153164A - Energy taking out mechanism having magnetic spring - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify a structure of an energy taking-out mechanism by constituting a magnetic spring in which a negative damping characteristic is shown or magnetostatic energy is changed by changing opposing areas of two permanent magnets which are opposed to each other, carrying out input to one side of the permanent magnet, and taking out an output from the other permanent magnet. SOLUTION: A permanent magnet 2 is rotatably installed on a base 6, and a permanent magnet 4 is fixed to a lower surface of a L-type angle 10 which is installed freely to move up and down on a direct moving slider 8 erected on the base 6. In such a constituted rotary mechanism, the permanent magnet 4 is connected to a driving source through, for example, a cam mechanism and the like, a prescribed frequency is inputted to the cam mechanism, vertical vibration of the permanent magnet 4 is repeated, and thereby, the permanent magnet 2 is rotated, and electromagnet induction is generated by, for example, rotating a coil integratedly with the permanent magnet 2. Vibration input is applied on the permanent magnet 4 so as to rotate the permanent magnet 2, and for example, it is possible to correspond to a power generator and the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic spring having a plurality of permanent magnets, and more particularly, to an energy extracting mechanism having a magnetic spring having a negative damping characteristic utilizing a repulsive force of a plurality of permanent magnets. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a pressing mechanism such as a press for performing a press forming process by inserting a material between upper and lower base plates includes one using a hydraulic or hydraulic pressure, one using a mechanical mechanism,
Alternatively, there are various types such as a combination of both mechanisms. In addition, a shaker that is used to examine the vibration characteristics of a certain structure and artificially generates vibration includes an electrodynamic type, an unbalanced mass and a cam type.

[0003]

However, since the above-mentioned pressurizing mechanism and vibrator have complicated structures, are heavy and expensive, a light-weight and inexpensive pressurizing mechanism and vibrator are desired. Was rare.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has as its object to provide an energy extraction mechanism using a magnetic spring having a negative damping characteristic. By effectively utilizing the potential energy, an inexpensive and simple pressurizing mechanism and a vibration exciter are realized.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, at least two permanent magnets are separated from each other in a state where repulsive magnetic poles are opposed to each other, and the at least two permanent magnets are separated from each other. A negative damping characteristic is exhibited by changing the facing area of the two permanent magnets, or a magnetic spring in which the magnetostatic energy changes is formed, and the other permanent magnet is inputted by inputting to one of the at least two permanent magnets. An energy extraction mechanism characterized in that an output is extracted from a magnet.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the one permanent magnet is rotated and the other permanent magnet is slid.

Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, a potential is applied by applying a load to the one permanent magnet, and the one permanent magnet is vibrated with a small input at an equilibrium point with the other permanent magnet. With this configuration, the other permanent magnet is continuously rotated based on the force for returning to the position where the potential energy is minimized, the converted energy, and the moment of inertia.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the case of a magnetic spring structure having at least two permanent magnets spaced apart from each other and having the same magnetic pole facing each other, the separated permanent magnets are not in contact with each other. Non-linear output (return) on the same line as time (going), and static magnetic field (position of magnets) with small input by utilizing the degree of freedom peculiar to non-contact pair and the instability of levitation control system , Negative decay is likely to occur.

The present invention has been made in view of this fact. The geometrical dimension between two permanent magnets is changed on the input side (going) and the output side (returning) by a mechanism in the movement stroke or an external force. By converting it into a repulsive force in the motion system, the repulsive force on the output side is made larger than the repulsive force on the input side from the equilibrium position of the two permanent magnets.

The basic principle will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an equilibrium position of two permanent magnets 2 and 4 on an input side and an output side. FIG. 2 shows a load applied to one of the permanent magnets and a balance between the two permanent magnets. 9 shows basic characteristics of a magnetic spring structure showing a relationship with a displacement amount from a position.

As shown in FIG. 1, the input side equilibrium position and the spring constant of the permanent magnet 4 with respect to the permanent magnet 2 are x ₀ and k ₁ , respectively, and the output side equilibrium position and the spring constant are x ₁ and k, respectively. When _2, the area conversion between x ₀ ~x ₁ is performed, the following relation is established at each equilibrium position. −k ₁ / x ₀ + mg = 0 −k ₂ / x ₁ + mg = 0 k ₂ > k ₁

Accordingly, the static characteristics indicate negative damping characteristics as shown in FIG. 2, the potential difference at the position x ₁ and the position x ₀ can be considered as potential energy of oscillation.

Further, when the model shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured and the relationship between the load and the amount of displacement was measured while changing the time for applying the load, a graph as shown in FIG. 3 was obtained. this is,
When the two permanent magnets 2 and 4 approach the closest position, a large repulsive force acts. Also, when the displacement from the equilibrium position changes minutely, friction loss occurs due to the damper effect of the magnetic spring. Is interpreted as the appearance of a damping term.

In FIG. 3, (a) is a graph when a constant load is applied, and the time during which the load is applied in the order of (a), (b) and (c) is shortened. That is, the static characteristics differ depending on how the load is applied, and the impulse increases as the load application time increases.

In the rare earth magnet, the strength of magnetization does not depend on the magnetic field. In other words, since the internal magnetic moment is hardly affected by the magnetic field, the magnetization intensity hardly changes on the demagnetization curve, and the value of the saturation magnetization is almost maintained. Therefore, in the rare-earth magnet, input and output can be considered using a charge model that assumes that magnetic charges are uniformly distributed on the end face.

FIG. 4 shows the concept, in which a magnet is defined as a set of magnets of the minimum unit, and the relationship of forces between the unit magnets is calculated by classifying it into three. (A) withdrawing (r, since the same also m, defines the two types in one ^{1) f (1) = (} m 2 / r 2) dx 1 dy 1 dx 2 dy 2 f x (1) = f (1 _{^{) cosθ f z (1) =}} f (1) sinθ (b) repulsion _{^{f x (2) = f (}} 2) cosθ f z (2) = f (2) sinθ (c) rebound f _x ⁽³⁾ = f _{^{(3) cosθ f z (3}} ) = f (3) sinθ ^{_{Accordingly, -f x = 2f x (1}} ) -f x (2) -f x (3) -f z = 2f z (1) -f z ⁽²⁾ −f _z ⁽³⁾ where Coulomb's law is expressed as Can be determined force by integrating the -f _x, the -f _z in the range of dimensions of the magnet.

As shown in FIG. 5, this state is completely deviated from the state where the opposing magnets are completely wrapped for each magnetic gap (the x-axis movement amount = 0 mm) (the x-axis movement amount = 5).
0 mm) is calculated in the graph of FIG. However, it is defined as "the internal magnetic moment is constant", but when the magnetic gap is small, the disturbance is generated around the magnet, so the correction is made.

The above calculation results are also substantially coincident with the actually measured values. The force to move from the point a to the point b in FIG. 2 is represented by the load in the x direction, and the output is represented by the load in the z direction. <Output relationship is statically clear.

FIG. 7 shows a state in which the distance between the magnets shown in FIG. 5 is kept at 3 mm, the magnet is moved from a completely displaced state to a completely wrapped state, and further moved from this state to a completely displaced state. It is the graph showing the relationship at the time of doing. This graph shows that the absolute value of the load in the x direction is the same and the output direction is reversed, and the output direction is reversed. When approaching the fully wrapped state, resistance or attenuation occurs, and the state shifts from the completely wrapped state to a completely deviated state. The case indicates that it will be accelerated. By utilizing this characteristic for a non-contact damper, it becomes possible to reduce vibration energy in low, medium, and high frequency regions (0 to 50 Hz) that can be perceived by a person who could not be achieved by the conventional damper, that is, to improve the vibration transmission rate. Was.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the rotation angle of the facing magnet was changed, a graph as shown in FIG. 9 was obtained. Naturally, as the facing area decreases, the maximum load decreases, indicating that the output can be changed via area conversion by applying a predetermined input.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the inter-magnet distance and the load when a neodymium-based magnet is used as the permanent magnet. The repulsive force increases as the mass increases. Here, the repulsive force F is represented by F∝Br ² × (geometric dimension) Br: strength of magnetization, and the geometric dimension is a separation distance of an opposing magnet, an opposing area, a magnetic flux density, and a magnetic field. Means the size determined by the strength of If the magnet material is the same, the strength of the magnetization (Br) is constant, so that the repulsive force of the magnet can be changed by changing the geometric dimensions.

FIG. 11 shows a rotating mechanism in which one of the permanent magnets 2 and 4 is rotated with respect to the other to change the facing area to change the geometrical dimension.
FIG. 12 shows the machine model.

As shown in FIG. 11, the permanent magnet 2 is rotatably attached to the base 6, and the linear
Is fixed to the base 6 and is erected vertically upward. An L-shaped angle 10 is vertically movably attached to the linear slider 8, and a weight 12 is fixed to the upper surface of the L-shaped angle 10. A permanent magnet 4 is fixed to the lower surface of the L-shaped angle 10 with the same (repulsive) magnetic pole facing the permanent magnet 2.

In the rotating mechanism having the above structure, permanent magnets 2 and 4 having a size of 49 mmL × 25 mmW × 11 mmH (trade name: NEOMAX-39SH) are used, and 6.5.
When a torque was applied to the permanent magnet 2 using a kg weight 12 (the total weight including the L-type angle and the permanent magnet 4 was about 7.33 kg), the following results were obtained.

[Table 1] Here, X is the state of FIG. 11, that is, the permanent magnets 2 and 4
Is the rotation angle from the state where the opposing area is the smallest, and F is the permanent magnet 2
, Z is a load applied to a position separated by r in the longitudinal direction from the center of the permanent magnets, and Z is an equilibrium position of the permanent magnets 2 and 4 (G = 7.5 m).
m).

FIGS. 13 and 14 show the input / output characteristics of the rotating mechanism. As can be seen from both figures, X
= 30 °, the torque to be input sharply increases, and X = 3
After 0 °, the torque gradually decreases to become F = 0 at X = 0 °, and is reduced by using the negative damping characteristic of the magnetic spring or by changing the magnetostatic energy. It becomes possible to draw large output work by input work. The input work and the output work can be derived from the following equations. N (torque) = rF P = mv P: momentum of permanent magnet 4 F = dP / dt L = mθ L: angular momentum of permanent magnet 2 N = dL / dt W (output work) = ∫Fdx = ∫ (dP / Dt) dx = d / dt∫Pdx W ′ (input work) = ∫Ndθ = ∫ (dL / dt) dθ = d / dt∫Ldθ

FIG. 15 shows a size of 50 mm L × 25.
Input load and output load when two permanent magnets of mmW × 10 mmH are rotated from 0 ° (50% lap) to 90 ° (100% lap) with respect to the other with the same magnetic poles facing each other. 6 is a graph showing a relationship with the graph.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 15, a large output can be obtained with a small input by converting the potential energy of the magnetic field.

Therefore, the rotating mechanism shown in FIG. 11 can be applied not only to the vertical vibrator but also to the horizontal vibrator by sliding the weight 12 horizontally. When the weight 12 is used as a ram, the rotating mechanism shown in FIG. 11 can be used for an upward press.

FIG. 16 shows a rotary mechanism that further embodies the configuration shown in FIG. 11. A large gear 14 is mounted on a rotary shaft 2a of a permanent magnet 2 rotatably mounted on a base 6, The small gear 16 meshing with the large gear 14 is attached to a rotation shaft 18a of a drive motor 18.

In this rotating mechanism, when the small gear 16 is rotated by the rotational force of the drive motor 18, the large gear 14 and the permanent magnet 2 are rotated at a rotation speed smaller than the rotation speed of the small gear 16.
And rotate together. As a result, two permanent magnets 2,
The permanent magnet 4 slides up and down along the direct-acting slider 8. Here, the drive motor 18 for rotating the small gear 16 may have a small torque, and as described above, a large output work can be obtained with a small input work.

FIG. 17 shows a reciprocating mechanism in which the area is converted by sliding the permanent magnet 2 with respect to the permanent magnet 4. More specifically, the permanent magnet 2 is connected to a drive shaft 20 a of a drive source 20 such as a VCM (voice coil motor), and receives a driving force from the drive source 20 to fix the permanent magnet 2 to the base 6. The slider slides on the moving slider 22 in the direction of the arrow in the figure. When the permanent magnet 2 slides, an area conversion is performed between the repulsive magnetic pole and the opposing permanent magnet 4, and the permanent magnet 4 slides up and down along the direct-acting slider 8. As with the mechanism, it is possible to extract large output work with small input work.

When the permanent magnet 4 is set on the input side and the permanent magnet 2 is set on the output side in the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. 11, the vertical amplitude can be taken out as rotational energy. That is, when the permanent magnet 4 is connected to a drive source via, for example, a cam mechanism and an input of a predetermined frequency is applied to the cam mechanism, the permanent magnet 4 repeats vertical vibration. As a result, the permanent magnet 2 rotates, and for example, electromagnetic induction can be caused by rotating the coil integrally with the permanent magnet 2. That is, when a potential is applied by applying a load to the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet 4 is vibrated with a small input at an equilibrium point with the permanent magnet 2, the permanent magnet 2 attempts to return to a position where the potential energy becomes minimum. The motor rotates continuously based on the applied force, conversion (kinetic) energy, and moment of inertia. The predetermined frequency depends on the strength of the magnetic force, and the magnitude of the input energy is inversely proportional to the magnitude of the additional load (weight 12). The magnet 2 can be rotated at high speed, and can be applied to, for example, a generator.

FIG. 18 shows the rotational energy in which the permanent magnet 2 is rotatably mounted on the base 6 and the L-shaped angle 10 to which the permanent magnet 4 is fixed is connected to a drive shaft 24a of a drive source 24 such as a VCM. 4 shows an ejection mechanism. In this rotational energy extracting mechanism, when the L-shaped angle 10 and the permanent magnet 4 slide vertically in a predetermined cycle along the linear motion slider 8 by the driving force of the driving source 24, the permanent magnet 4 repels. The permanent magnet 2 facing the magnetic pole rotates at a high speed, and the rotational energy can be extracted.

Here, the same permanent magnet 4 as shown in FIG. 15 was used as the permanent magnet 4 which repeats the vertical vibration, and a coil was provided around the same to examine the generated current. As a result, a graph as shown in FIG. 19 was obtained. Was done. The coil used was a coil having a cross section of 1 mm ² and 50 turns.
Is 100 mm / min, 500 mm / min, 100
It was set to 0 mm / min.

As can be seen from this graph, the permanent magnet 4
It can be seen that the current value increases almost in proportion to the moving speed of the motor, and that a desired output (current value) can be obtained by appropriately setting the magnitude of the input.

FIGS. 20 to 22 further illustrate the rotary energy extracting mechanism shown in FIG. 18, and include a substantially rectangular lower plate 30 and a substantially rectangular lower plate 30 which is separated from the lower plate 30 by a predetermined distance and extends in parallel with each other. It has an upper plate 32 and two rectangular frames 34, 34 for fixing the lower plate 30 and the upper plate 32. Lower plate 30
At the corresponding corner of the upper plate 32, four vertical pillars 36,..., 36 extend, and the vertical pillars 36,.
A magnetic levitation table 38 is slidably mounted in the vertical direction. The magnetic levitation table 38 is connected to a drive shaft 39 a of a drive source 39 such as a VCM fixed to the upper plate 32. It is configured.

On the other hand, a base 40 is fixed to the lower plate 30, and a pair of flywheels 42, 4
2 is rotatably mounted. Flywheel 42, 4
One end of a connecting shaft 44 is pivotally attached to one side of
The other end of the connecting shaft 44 is pivotally attached to a slider 46 slidably attached to the base 40. In addition, flywheel 4
Disc-shaped permanent magnet 48 that rotates integrally with 2, 42
A disk-shaped permanent magnet 50 is provided above the flywheels 42, 42, and the permanent magnet 48 and the repulsive magnetic pole face each other.
Is fixed to the lower surface of the magnetic levitation table 38.

As shown in FIG. 23, the permanent magnets 48,
Circular hollow portions 48a, 50a are formed in each of the 50, and the centers of the circular hollow portions 48a, 50a are eccentric with respect to the centers of the disk-shaped permanent magnets 48, 50.

FIGS. 24 and 25 show two permanent magnets 4.
FIGS. 8A and 8B show positions where the magnetic fluxes of the flywheels 8 and 50 are maximum and positions where the inertial forces of the flywheels 42 and 42 are maximum, respectively. FIG. , And shows a state of being closest to the lower permanent magnet 48. From this state, the lower permanent magnet 4
8 rotates 180 degrees in the direction of the arrow in the figure, the upper permanent magnet 50 reaches the top dead center, and further rotates about 90 degrees to reach the conceivable point, but the lower permanent magnet 48 is rotated by the rotational inertia of the flywheels 42, 42. They are rotated in the same direction.

In the above configuration, two permanent magnets 48,
When the driving force from the drive source 39 is transmitted to the magnetic levitation table 38 at the equilibrium point 50, the magnetic levitation table 38 and the permanent magnet 50 reciprocate vertically (vibrate) integrally at a predetermined cycle. Rotatable permanent magnet 4 provided below
8 has a repulsive magnetic pole facing the permanent magnet 50,
The permanent magnet 48 continuously rotates based on the force for returning to the position where the potential energy becomes minimum, the converted energy, and the inertia force of the flywheels 42, 42. That is, by applying a relatively small vibration input to the permanent magnet 50, the permanent magnet 48 can be rotated at a high speed, and rotational energy can be extracted.

FIG. 26 shows an energy extracting mechanism in which the weight 52 is mounted on the magnetic levitation table 38 and the driving source 54 such as a VCM is connected to the slider 46 in the configuration shown in FIG.

In this configuration, when the driving force from the driving source 54 is input to the slider 46, the flywheels 42, 42 and the permanent magnet 48 integrally rotate at a predetermined cycle via the connecting shaft 44. As a result, the two opposing permanent magnets 4
The input energy of the drive source 54 is converted into the potential energy of the weight 52 through the area conversion of 8, 50 and expanded. The potential energy is further converted into torque (rotational energy) by the two permanent magnets 48, 50, and the flywheel 4
Since the inertial force is accumulated as 2,42, the accumulated energy can be taken out as rotational energy.

Next, the dynamic characteristic of the magnetic spring will be described with reference to a simplified basic model shown in FIG.
The input F in FIG. 27 is a force caused by a geometric dimensional change such as an area conversion of a permanent magnet. In FIG. 12, if the spring constant is k, the damping coefficient is r, and the harmonic vibration input to the mass m is F (t), the state equation is as follows:

(Equation 1) It is expressed as

Here, assuming that the equilibrium position is x ₀ and the displacement from the equilibrium position is y,

(Equation 2)

Here, if k / x ₀ ² = k ′,

(Equation 3)

[0046] The harmonic vibration ^F (t) = Fe iωt Distant, y
= Xe ^iωt ,

(Equation 4) Here, φ indicates a phase delay.

(Equation 5) Therefore, the resonance frequency ω ₀ is

(Equation 6)

Here, equation (2) can be further expressed as follows.

(Equation 7) When y is x and considering the third-order term,

(Equation 8)

In equation (3), the attenuation term of −bx ² appears in the second-order term. If equation (3) is replaced with a simpler image,

(Equation 9)

Here, if x = x ₀ cosωt,

(Equation 10)

That is, in the micro-vibration region, a constant repulsive force ((b / 2) x ₀ ² ) is constantly applied to the periodic external force, and the periodic external force is attenuated by that force. .

By the way, in the above equation (1), when the geometrical size between the opposing permanent magnets is changed by an in-motion mechanism or an external force, the spring constant k changes with time as shown in FIG. And the value of + k ′ and −k ′ are alternately taken every half cycle in a cycle T = 2π / ω. Therefore, equation (1) is expressed as follows.

[Equation 11] (I) When 0 <t <π / ω,

(Equation 12) (Ii) When π / ω ≦ t <2π / ω,

(Equation 13)

Here, assuming that the equilibrium position when 0 <t <π / ω is x ₀ and the displacement from the equilibrium position is y ₁ ,

[Equation 14]

[0053] Here, when put to the ^{_{(n-k ') / x}} 0 2 = k 1',

(Equation 15)

^Let F (t) = Fe ^{iωt be the} harmonic vibration and y
₁ = xe ^iωt ,

(Equation 16) Here, φ indicates a phase delay.

[Equation 17] Therefore, the resonance frequency ω ₀ is

(Equation 18)

Similarly, when π / ω ≦ t <2π / ω,

[Equation 19] Therefore, divergence occurs when y ₁ <y ₂ .

Generally, the self-excited vibration system can be replaced with a spring-mass system having negative viscous damping, and vibration energy is introduced from the outside during vibration. And various resistances are generated, and energy is lost.

However, when vibration energy is introduced as an external force into the magnetic spring having the negative damping characteristic of the present invention, as described above, the vibration diverges at y ₁ <y ₂ , and as the divergence continues, the amplitude gradually increases. The system is destroyed, or
By adding a damping term that increases as the displacement increases to the above-mentioned equation of state, a positive damping acts and a steady oscillation is performed in a state of being balanced with the negative damping. That is, similarly to the spring constant k (t), the damping coefficient is also variable, and the equation (1) can be further rewritten as follows.

(Equation 20)

In the vibration system having the magnetic spring of the present invention, an energy change / conversion system which induces continuous vibration and divergent vibration is present inside the vibration system, and a positive damping term is mechanically added to the above state equation. Thereby, the following equation of state can be obtained.

(Equation 21)

In this state equation, when r ₂ ≠ 0, when x increases, the three terms on the left side increase, and positive damping works due to the damping term of the spring term. Therefore, as the internal excitation characteristics of the permanent magnet, when the displacement is small, the damping is a negative damping, and the positive damping works as the displacement increases, so that the vibration becomes steady at an amplitude where the positive and the negative damping balance.

When the magnitude of at least one of the mass, damping coefficient, and spring constant of the vibration system changes with time, the resulting vibration is called coefficient excitation vibration. 4), (5), and (6) are coefficient excitation vibrations in which the excitation source itself vibrates, and non-vibration energy in the system is converted into vibration excitation in the system to generate vibration.

Normally, the supplied energy is obtained by converting a part of the power energy. If the power energy has an upper limit, the supplied energy is limited, and the amplitude is suppressed when the supplied energy becomes equal to the consumed energy. The potential energy of the permanent magnet is independent of the power energy of the system and can widen the gap with the energy consumption. However, if the maximum energy product per mass of the permanent magnet increases, this gap can be further increased. Can be expanded to 1
By making the supplied energy due to negative damping greater than the energy consumed due to damping during the cycle, the vibration energy is increased.

As described above, in the equation (1), the damping coefficient r and the spring constant (coefficient) k can be freely controlled. For example, in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, the permanent magnet 4 is at the lowermost end. At this time, by maximizing the area facing the permanent magnet 2, the amplitude can be attenuated, and it can be applied to a magnetic brake, a dynamic vibration absorber and the like. In addition, since the repulsive force can be increased by maximizing the facing area after the permanent magnet 4 is separated from the lowermost end toward the uppermost end, the permanent magnet 4 can be applied to a generator, an amplifier, and the like.

[0063]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. According to the first aspect of the present invention, a magnetic spring that exhibits a negative damping characteristic by changing the facing area of at least two facing permanent magnets, or changes the magnetostatic energy And an output is taken out from the other permanent magnet by inputting to one of them, so that an energy extraction mechanism having a simple configuration can be realized.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a press, a vibrator, and the like can be manufactured at low cost by rotating one permanent magnet and sliding the other permanent magnet.

According to the third aspect of the present invention,
By applying potential energy to one permanent magnet and oscillating the one permanent magnet with a small input at the equilibrium point with the other permanent magnet, the other permanent magnet is continuously rotated. Can extract electromagnetic induction and can be applied to a generator or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an equilibrium position between an input side and an output side of two permanent magnets in a magnetic spring according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph of basic characteristics showing a relationship between an applied load and a displacement amount of a permanent magnet from an equilibrium position in the magnetic spring of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between an actually measured load and a displacement amount.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of input and output in a charge model assuming that magnetic charges are uniformly distributed on the end face of a permanent magnet, where (a) shows attraction, (b) shows repulsion,
(C) shows the repulsion of a part different from (b).

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a case where one of the permanent magnets whose magnetic poles are opposed to each other is moved relative to the other (the facing area is changed).

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a load in the X-axis and Z-axis directions with respect to an X-axis movement amount when calculated based on FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which the distance between the permanent magnets shown in FIG.
6 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement and the load when one is moved from a completely shifted state to the other from a completely wrapped state, and further moved from this state to a completely shifted state.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a case where one of the permanent magnets having the same magnetic poles is rotated with respect to the other (the facing area is changed).

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the maximum load with respect to the facing area when the permanent magnet is rotated based on FIG.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between a distance between magnets and a load when a neodymium magnet is used as a permanent magnet.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a rotation mechanism that changes a geometrical dimension by changing a facing area of a permanent magnet.

FIG. 12 is a mechanical model of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing a relationship between input torque and output work in the rotation mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a relationship between input work and output work in the rotation mechanism of FIG. 11;

FIG. 15 is a graph showing a relationship between an input load and an output load in the rotation mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a rotation mechanism that further embodies the configuration of FIG. 11;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a reciprocating mechanism in which a geometric dimension is changed by changing a facing area of a permanent magnet.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an energy extracting mechanism configured to extract rotational energy by rotating a permanent magnet.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing electromagnetic induction characteristics when a coil is arranged around a sliding permanent magnet in the rotation mechanism of FIG. 11;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an energy extraction mechanism that further embodies the configuration of FIG. 18;

21 is a partial cross-sectional view of a main part of the energy extraction mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 22 is a front view when a driving source is attached to the energy extraction mechanism of FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet provided in the energy extraction mechanism of FIG.

24. In the energy extraction mechanism of FIG.
It is a top view which shows the positional relationship between the permanent magnet provided below and the flywheel.

25. In the energy extraction mechanism of FIG.
It is a top view which shows the positional relationship of two opposing permanent magnets.

FIG. 26 is a front view of a modification of the energy extraction mechanism of FIG. 20.

FIG. 27 is a basic model for explaining characteristics of a magnetic spring.

FIG. 28 is a graph showing changes with time in a spring constant and a coefficient in the magnetic spring structure of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 4, 48, 50 Permanent magnet 6, 40 Base 8 Linear slider 10 L-shaped angle 12, 52 weight 14 Large gear 16 Small gear 18 Drive motor 20, 24, 39, 54 Drive source 30 Lower plate 32 Upper plate 38 magnetic levitation table 42 flywheel 44 connecting shaft 46 slider

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Nakahira 1-2-10 Yano Shinmachi, Aki-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture Inside Delta Touring Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seiji Kawasaki Yano Shinmachi, Aki-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture No.2-10, Delta Touring Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] At least two permanent magnets are separated from each other in a state where repulsive magnetic poles are opposed to each other, and the facing area of the at least two permanent magnets is changed to exhibit a negative damping characteristic or to reduce static magnetic energy. An energy extraction mechanism comprising a changing magnetic spring, wherein an output is extracted from one of the at least two permanent magnets by inputting to one of the at least two permanent magnets. 2. The energy extracting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said one permanent magnet is rotated and said other permanent magnet is slid. 3. A method for applying a load to the one permanent magnet to apply a potential energy thereto, and vibrating the one permanent magnet with a small input at a point of equilibrium with the other permanent magnet, thereby obtaining the other permanent magnet. 2. The energy extracting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the motor continuously rotates based on a force for returning to a position where the potential energy is minimized, a converted energy, and a moment of inertia.