JPH10151503A - Roll-lock type chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chuck with enhanced rotating balance under high speed rotation, high sealability of its roller rolling part, and sufficient durability. SOLUTION: A roll-lock type chuck is provided with a holding part 1b, which is extended from a shank part 1a held by a machine tool in order to hold a target tool 11, a fastening means 2, which is attached to the outer periphery of the holding part 1b in a rotatable manner, and a needle roller 9, which is interposed between the holding part 1b and the fastening means 2. The chuck is also provided with a fitting/sealing part which fits/holds both ends of the needle roller (9) interposing part by means of the fastening means 2 at the outer peripheral side than the position at which the roller 9 and the fastening means 2 come into contact with each other and via sealing members 7, 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a holding portion for inserting a target tool, fastening means rotatably mounted on an outer peripheral surface of the holding portion, and a space between the holding portion and the fastening means. The present invention relates to a roll lock type chuck having a needle roller interposed therebetween.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a chuck for gripping a rotary cutting tool, a holding portion for inserting a target tool, fastening means rotatably mounted on an outer peripheral surface of the holding portion, Various types of roll-lock type chucks having a needle roller interposed between them and a fastening means are known.

[0003] In this chuck, when fine chips and cutting oil from the cutting process enter the space where the needle roller intervenes, the chucking force is reduced, and not only the machining accuracy is reduced, but also the tool drops from the holding portion of the chuck body. Therefore, there is a possibility that the workpiece may be damaged or an operator may suffer an accident. Therefore, a mechanism for shielding the space in which the rollers are disposed by a seal member is required. Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Hei 7-23125 (prior example) discloses such a technique.

A space in which the needle roller is arranged is filled with lubricating grease for rolling the roller. When the sealing property is reduced, the encapsulated grease flows out, and the roller does not roll smoothly, and peeling occurs on the outer peripheral surface of the chuck cylinder, that is, the roller rolling surface. There was a risk of coming.

As one embodiment of the above-mentioned prior art, as shown in FIG. 6, a clamping cylinder 102 is fitted around the outer periphery of a chuck cylinder 100 via a needle roller 106, and
00 is provided with a groove 100a, in which a seal ring 103a sandwiched between metallic washers 108a and a snap ring 104a for fixing them in the groove 100a are provided. A groove 102b is provided, and a snap ring 111 is fitted in the groove so as to face the snap ring 104a.

Further, as another embodiment of the preceding example,
As shown in FIG. 7, a metal washer 108 is provided in the groove 100a.
a between the seal rings 103a and the grooves 10a.
0a, a snap ring 104a to be fixed within
An annular protruding edge portion 102a of the tightening cylinder 102 is integrally formed at a position facing the snap ring 104a and corresponding to the snap ring 111 in FIG.

[0007]

Therefore, according to the above-mentioned prior art, detachment of the snap ring 104a by the high-speed rotation of the chuck is prevented by the snap ring 111 or the annular protruding portion 102a. In addition, the space in which the rollers are disposed is shielded by a seal ring 103a, and fine chips and cutting oil by a cutting tool are prevented from entering the space, but at least a space distance between the needle rollers. In addition to the need for a donut-shaped seal ring having an annular portion, a metal washer for holding the ring from both sides is required, the number of parts increases, the number of assembly steps increases, and the cost increases.

Further, in order to insert the above-mentioned metallic washer or snap ring into the groove 100a having a smaller diameter than the outer periphery of the tool holding portion of the chuck cylinder 100, they are cut off in the middle of an annular shape. It is necessary to widen the inner circumference within the elastic limit to perform snap fastening into the groove.

Therefore, these washers have a shape with a poor weight balance like the snap ring, and when rotating at high speed, the washer and the snap ring vibrate due to the imbalance, and the snap ring 104a comes off. Even if it is prevented by the facing snap ring 111 or the annular protruding edge 102a of the tightening cylinder 102, stress acts on the seal member 103a due to the vibration of the washer or the snap ring, and the seal ring is deformed and the sealing state is not good. May be complete.

The retainer 106a for holding the needle roller of the above-mentioned prior art is normally positioned in a floating state in the space where the needle roller is interposed because it is thinner than the needle roller. And the position of the cylindrical surface in the radial direction from the rotation center of the chuck is not constant, which also causes imbalance.

When the sealing performance of the seal ring deteriorates due to vibrations at high speed rotation due to the above-described factors, fine cutting powder and cutting oil by the cutting tool enter the needle roller portion, and particularly in machining using a coolant liquid. Since the coolant liquid enters the roller portion and the operating lubricating oil of the needle roller portion flows out, the durability of the chuck is affected by the generation of internal rust and the separation of the chemical treatment layer on the roller rolling surface. .

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a durable chuck with improved rotational balance under high-speed rotation and improved sealing performance of a roller rolling portion.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a holding portion extending from a shank portion to be gripped by a machine tool, for inserting a target tool, and a clamp rotatably mounted on an outer peripheral surface of the holding portion. In a roll-lock type chuck having attaching means and a needle roller interposed between the holding portion and the tightening means, both ends of the interposed portion of the needle roller contact the roller and the tightening means. A fitting seal portion rotatably fitting and holding the tightening means via a seal member on the outer peripheral side from the position is provided.

It is also effective that the fitting seal portion is formed by forming one end side of the outer peripheral flange portion of the holding portion and the other end side of an annular portion fixed to the holding portion end. Means.

According to the present invention, the flange 1d of the chuck body 1 and the pressing plate 4 at both ends of the interposed portion of the needle roller 9 are brought into contact with the roller 9 and the tightening means (tightening cylinder) 2 (tightening). On the outer peripheral side from the inner peripheral surface 2d) of the cylinder 2, there is provided a fitting seal portion in which the tightening means 2 is fitted and held via sealing members 7 and 8.

Since the fitting seal portions are on both ends of the interposed portion of the needle roller 9 and are on the outer peripheral side from the inner peripheral surface 2 d of the tightening cylinder 2, the seal members 7 and 8 have the diameter of the needle roller 9. A sealing member having a small cross-sectional dimension can be used without requiring a dimension longer than the dimension, and the sealing member is made of a telescopic O-ring, a V-ring, or the like, so that another member for holding the sealing member can be used. It eliminates the need for members, does not cause vibration due to unbalance during high-speed rotation of the member, does not reduce the durability of the seal member due to the vibration, has a small number of parts, is easy to assemble, and has high durability. An improved chuck can be provided.

Further, the present invention may further comprise a retainer for rotatably holding the needle roller, wherein at least one end of the retainer has a flange portion slidably fitted to the inner diameter of the tightening means. This is an effective means of the invention.

With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the retainer, which is normally positioned in a floating state in the space in which the needle roller is interposed, from moving outward due to the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation, by checking the inner diameter of the fastening means. Of the cylindrical surface in the radial direction from the rotation center of the retainer caused by centrifugal force caused by high-speed rotation. Generation can be suppressed as much as possible.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the invention thereto, but are merely illustrative examples unless otherwise specified. Not just.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a roll lock type chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is an arrow view. In these figures, the chuck body 1 has a shank portion 1a having a space 1e in a shaft portion provided on one side and having an inclined slope, and a space 1f holding the tool 11 on the shaft portion on the other side. , A flange portion 1d protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion, a flange portion 1g having a larger diameter than the flange portion, and a flange portion 1g between the shank portion 1a and the holding portion 1b. Larger diameter flange portions 1c, 1c are provided.

The outer periphery of the holding portion 1b is formed so as to be inclined rightward with a small diameter, and a needle roller 9 rotatably held by a retainer 3 described later is arranged on the outer peripheral surface. 9 through the cylindrical tightening cylinder 2
It is fitted so as to be able to move left and right and rotate. Also, the holding unit 1
At the right end of b, an annular holding plate 4 having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the holding portion 1b and preventing the retainer 3 from falling off is held by screws 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, the inner circumference 2a of the tightening cylinder 2
Is cut into a larger diameter than the inner circumference 2d of the tightening cylinder 2 that comes into contact with the needle roller 9, and is slidably fitted to the flange 1d of the chuck body 1 and has a groove provided in the flange 1d. Is formed in a liquid-tight manner by an O-ring 8 fitted to the. The inner circumference 2 e of the tightening cylinder 2 is cut into a larger diameter than the inner circumference 2 d, and slidably fits with the outer circumference of the holding plate 4, and a groove provided on the outer circumference of the holding plate 4. Is formed in a liquid-tight manner by an O-ring 7 fitted to the. Accordingly, the state of the grease sealed in the roller rolling portion is maintained.

As shown in FIG. 3, the retainer 3 has a needle roller 9 mounted on a thin plate portion 3c having a cylindrical shape and having an outer periphery inclined so that the outer diameter becomes smaller as going to the right. A plurality of openings 3a that are fitted and rotatably held are formed, and formed with a flange 3b protruding outward at the right end of the outer periphery. The outer periphery of the flange 3b is formed inside the tightening cylinder 2. It is slidable with the circumference 2c, and is slidably fitted on the outer circumference of the holding portion 1b.

Further, spacers 5 and 6 are provided between the flange 3b of the retainer 3 and the holding plate 4, and adjust the tightening stroke of the tightening cylinder 2. The spacers 5 and 6 hold the holding portion 1 before attaching the holding plate 4 to the holding portion 1b.
Since it is arranged at b, a seamless annular spacer punched from a plate material can be used.

Next, the operation of the roll-lock type chuck according to the present embodiment thus configured will be described with reference to FIGS. In a state where the tool 11 is removed, as shown in FIG. 5, the flange portion 3b of the retainer 3 is in contact with the spacer 6, and the tightening cylinder 2 is located at the rightmost end.

When the tool 11 is inserted into the empty space 1f from the state shown in FIG. 5 and rotated in the tightening direction, the pressing force rotates the needle roller 9 by the frictional force of the inner peripheral surface 2d of the tightening cylinder 2. At the same time, it moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4), and the holding portion 1b is tightened by the roller 9.

After that, the needle roller 9 rotates to the left in the axial direction while revolving in a spiral while rotating by the rotation of the tightening cylinder 2,
The holding portion 1b contracts in the radial direction toward the center axis of the tool 11, and then comes into contact with the end surface 2e of the tightening cylinder 2 and the end surface 1h of the flange 1c of the chuck body 1, whereby the attachment of the tool 11 is completed.

When the chuck body 1 rotates at a high speed, centrifugal force acts on the retainer 3 and the spacers 5 and 6.
Are formed in a shape having a good weight balance with respect to the rotation axis, and the flange portion 3b is
The spacers 5 and 6 have a seamless annular shape, so that the occurrence of vibration due to imbalance can be suppressed as much as possible.
Adverse effects on processing can be prevented as much as possible.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the holding plate 4 is fixed to the end of the holding portion 1b, but the holding plate 4 is fixed to the holding portion 1b by the screw 10 in the radial direction. Is desirably held so as to be able to move slightly, so that the holding force does not reach the pressing plate 4 against the shrinkage of the holding portion 1b in the central axis direction when holding the tool 11 by holding in this manner. It can be configured. In this case, it is desirable that the sealing member is interposed between the end face of the holding portion 1b and the holding plate 4 to be liquid-tight.

Further, although the position of the flange of the retainer is provided on the right small-diameter side (tool mounting side), it may be provided on the left large-diameter side, and more preferably on the left and right sides.
In addition, it is desirable that the wrench groove of the tightening cylinder is provided at a uniform position on the outer periphery, or that the outer peripheral surface is polished to remove the unbalanced element. Further, the seal member between the tightening cylinder and the chuck body has been described as an O-ring, but the present invention is not limited to this, and another seal member such as a V-shaped packing may be used.

As described above, in this embodiment, the tightening means is provided via the sealing member on both ends of the interposed portion of the needle roller on the outer peripheral side from the position where the roller comes into contact with the tightening means for tightening the tool. Since the seal member is fitted and held, the seal member does not need to be long enough to exceed the diameter of the needle roller, and a seal member having a small cross-sectional dimension can be used. Flexible O-rings and V-rings eliminate the need for other members that hold the seal member, and do not generate vibrations due to unbalance during high-speed rotation by these members, enabling machining under high-speed rotation. Was.

Further, the durability of the seal member is not reduced by the vibration due to the unbalance of the various members,
It is possible to provide a chuck that has a small number of parts, is easy to assemble, and has improved durability.

Further, when a retainer for rotatably holding the needle roller is provided, and at least one end of the retainer has a flange portion slidably fitted to the inner diameter of the tightening means, Normally, a retainer that is positioned in a floating state in the space where the needle roller intervenes,
It is suppressed by the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation from being pushed outward by the flange portion of the retainer slidably fitted to the inner diameter of the fastening means, and the radial direction from the rotation center of the retainer generated by the centrifugal force by the high-speed rotation The occurrence of imbalance due to many deformed portions of the cylindrical surface of which the positions are not constant can be suppressed as much as possible.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a durable chuck which improves the rotational balance under the high-speed rotation of the tool, improves the sealing property of the roller rolling portion, and provides a durable chuck. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a roll-lock type chuck according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a retainer.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a tool is completely tightened.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state where a tool is removed.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of the related art.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a second conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chuck main body 2 Tightening cylinder (tightening means) 3 Retainer 4 Holding plate 7, 8 O-ring (seal means) 9 Needle roller 10 Screw 11 Tool

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A holding portion which is extended from a shank portion held by a machine tool and into which a target tool is inserted, fastening means rotatably mounted on an outer peripheral surface of the holding portion, and said holding portion. In a roll-lock type chuck having a needle roller interposed between the tightening means, a seal member is provided at both ends of an interposed portion of the needle roller on an outer circumferential side from a position where the roller and the tightening means come into contact with each other. A roll-lock type chuck comprising a fitting seal portion which rotatably fits and holds the tightening means. 2. The fitting seal portion according to claim 1, wherein one end side is formed by an outer peripheral flange portion of the holding portion, and the other end side is formed by an annular portion fixed to an end of the holding portion.
The described roll lock type chuck. 3. A retainer for rotatably holding the needle roller, wherein at least one end of the retainer has a flange portion slidably fitted to the inner diameter of the fastening means. The roll-lock type chuck according to claim 1.