JPH10149436A - Raster data management system and raster data compiling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a raster data management system and a raster data compiling device which can deal with raster data in terms of vector data. SOLUTION: A center processing unit 18 generates raster data expressed by making the xy-coordinates of the outline points of run length and link information on the connection of the outline points into a pair based on binary picture data which is taken in from a scanner 12. An index corresponding to the y-coordinate is added to raster data and it is stored in a storage part 22. When a graphic being a compiling object is designated on the screen of a CRT display device 14, the central processing unit 18 takes out raster data corresponding to the y-cordinate and obtains information on an outline based on link information. The graphic of the compiling object is internally made into a vector based on the outline and the form of the graphic of the compiling object is recognized. Then, raster data of the recognized graphic of the compiling object is compiled.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a raster data editing apparatus for performing editing processing such as moving and deleting raster data obtained by reading a drawing, and a raster data management system used for the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a CAD system or the like, a database is constructed by converting binary image data obtained by reading an existing drawing into vector data.
Here, raster data based on a run-length format is used as the binary image data. This raster data has a pixel value from “0” (white) to “1” on the scanning line.
The start point is the coordinate at which the pixel value changes to (black), and the end point is the last coordinate at which the pixel value changes from “1” to “0”. On the other hand, the vector data approximates each figure by a number of line segments, and is represented by coordinates of a start point and an end point of each line segment. In order to convert the raster data into vector data, for example, a centering process is performed on each figure. Such vector data has an advantage that editing processing such as moving, copying, deleting, enlarging, reducing, and rotating a vector graphic can be easily performed.

[0003]

By the way, in vector data, since a figure is represented as a set of line segments, the contents of vector data obtained when the raster data is converted into a core line may deviate from the contents of the raster data. is there.
From the viewpoint of accurately displaying the contents of the figure drawn in the drawing, it is desirable to keep the raster data as it is. However, editing processing cannot be performed easily with raster data as with vector data. For this reason,
There is a demand for a raster data editing apparatus that can handle raster data as vector data and can easily perform editing processing.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a raster data management system and a raster data editing apparatus capable of handling raster data as vector data.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raster data management system for tracing the xy coordinate values of both end points of a run length and the outline of a figure. Raster data expressed as a pair of link information indicating which end point is connected to the next end point, and the same index corresponding to each of the y coordinate values is added to the raster data having the same y coordinate value. And management means for storing based on the index and extracting the raster data based on the index.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raster data editing apparatus which traces the xy coordinate values of both end points of a run length and the outline of a figure to determine which end point is next. Raster data expressed as a pair of link information indicating whether or not the raster data is connected, and the same index corresponding to each of the y coordinate values is added to the raster data having the same y coordinate value, and based on the index, When a graphic to be processed is specified on the screen, y in the graphic to be processed is stored.
Management means for extracting the raster data based on the index corresponding to the coordinate value; andinformation about the outline of the figure is obtained based on the link information of the raster data extracted by the management means. Edit processing means for recognizing the shape of the graphic to be processed by internally performing skeletonization processing on the raster data and performing predetermined editing processing on the raster data of the graphic to be processed whose shape has been recognized, It is characterized by having.

In the present invention, the raster data is expressed as a pair of the xy coordinate values of both end points of the run length and the link information of the end points, and is managed based on the index, so that the raster data is processed on the screen. When a graphic is designated, raster data corresponding to the y-coordinate value of the designated graphic to be processed is extracted, and information on the contour line can be easily obtained based on link information of the extracted raster data. Therefore, raster data can be handled as vector data. Here, the information on the contour line is composed of a set of line segments obtained by connecting two end points based on the link information. Therefore, vectorization processing is internally performed on the graphic to be processed based on the information about the contour line, and the shape of the graphic to be processed can be recognized. Therefore, the raster data is moved and copied in units of the recognized shape. Editing processing such as deletion, enlargement, reduction, and rotation can be easily performed.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a CAD system using a raster data editing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining raster data, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a run-length link status of a circle as an example. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining, and FIG. 4 is a view showing a method of storing raster data in a storage unit.

The CAD system shown in FIG. 1 includes a scanner 12 as an image input device, a CRT display device 14, a position input device (pointing device) 16, a central processing unit 18, and a storage unit 22. is there. In the present embodiment, a case is considered in which raster data obtained by reading a drawing is edited using such a CAD system.

The scanner 12 optically scans the drawing,
This is converted into binary image data and taken in. The CRT display device 14 displays a drawing taken from the scanner 12. The position input device 16 is a CRT display device 1
4 is used to indicate a figure to be edited on the screen of FIG. 4, and a mouse, a trackball, or the like is used. The central processing unit 18 creates and manages raster data having a predetermined data structure based on the binary image data captured from the scanner 12. This raster data creation process is performed after the drawing is read by the scanner 12,
It runs automatically. Further, the central processing unit 18 performs editing processing of raster data.

Next, the structure of raster data used in the present embodiment will be described. The binary image data is a group of black pixels representing an object as shown in FIG. 2, but when viewed along the scanning direction, continuous black pixels are regarded as one line segment, and these line segments are (Run-length) set. The run length includes the coordinates of the left and right end points, that is, the coordinates (x _L , y _L ) at which the pixel value changes from “0” (white) to “1” (black) on the scanning line,
Last coordinate (x _R, y _R) of the pixel value changes from "1" to "0" is designated by the. By sequentially connecting the end points of the run length included in a certain figure, the outline of the figure can be obtained. Also, such a contour line is always closed. In this sense, an end point of the run length will be hereinafter also referred to as a contour point. The central processing unit 18 performs a process of extracting a feature amount based on the binary image data, extracts contour points for each figure, and traces each contour point in order to form a contour line of the figure. Create the link information required for. This link information is information indicating the outline points before and after each outline point is connected. Then, the raster data is converted to the xy coordinates (x _L , y
_L ), (x _R , y _R ) and link information link _L , link _R about the contour point are represented as a pair. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the raster data is represented by (x _L [i], y) for the contour point on the left side of a certain run length.
_{L [i], link L [} i] P, link L [i] F), for its right end point _{(x R [i], y} R [i], link R [i] P, link R
[i] It has a data structure ^F ). Where link [i] ^P
Indicates that the contour point follows the contour point in the predetermined direction, while link [i] ^F indicates that the contour point follows the contour line in the opposite direction. Indicates connected contour points. The raster data is stored in the storage unit 22 in units of one row for each y coordinate of the contour point. The above “i” is an index indicating a row address on the storage unit 22. In the present embodiment, the link information is stored in the storage unit 2
The next contour point is specified using the address on the second line.

The raster data is managed by index data. The index data is a link pointer to a raster data sequence for each y coordinate. The central processing unit 18 adds the same index corresponding to each y coordinate value to the raster data having the same y coordinate value, and stores the same in the storage unit 22 based on the index. Therefore, when a graphic to be processed is specified on the screen, the raster data can be easily extracted based on the index corresponding to the y-coordinate value in the graphic to be processed, and the extracted raster data By following the link information, it is possible to obtain information on the outline of the graphic including the position of the designated y coordinate. A method for managing raster data in this way has not been available in the past, and is one of the features of the present invention.

Now, regarding a circular figure as shown in FIG.
Will be specifically described. The circle has many runs
Consists of length. Left contour of each run length
X of point coordinates_Lj= (X_Lj, Y_Lj), The coordinates of the right contour point
To X_Rj= (X_Rj, Y_Rj). In this example, j is 0
To 24. For circles, outlines are outside and inside
However, any contour line can be moved from one contour point in a predetermined direction.
If you follow the contour points sequentially, be sure to return to the original contour points.
You. In FIG. 3, an arrow points from one contour point to the next contour point.
It represents the state of connection to points. Connection indicated by this arrow
The state corresponds to link information. Raster day in this case
The data is stored in the storage unit 22 as shown in FIG. sand
That is, raster data with the same y-coordinate of the contour point is put together.
And the same row address is added to them. Ma
The contour point (x_L2, Y_L2Link information about) link_L2
^PIs the contour point (x_L1, Y_L1)
And link informationlink_L2 ^FIs the contour point below it
(X_L3, Y_L3). Contour point (x_L0,
y_L0Link information about) link_L0 ^PIs the same runlen
Gus other contour points (x_R0, Y_R0)
Link informationlink_L0 ^FIs the contour point (x_L1, Y
_L1). Then, the contour point (x_L5, Y _L5)
Link information about link_L5 ^PIs the contour underneath
Point (x_L7, Y_L7) And link information link_L5
^FAre other run-rays on the same scan line that have a small x-coordinate.
Contour points (x_R4, Y_R4).

Generally, link information can be created as follows. For example, if the figure is an open curved shape in which both ends of a straight line, an arc, or the like are not connected, if there is a run length adjacent to the y-coordinate value in the upward direction (downward direction), the one of the run length is determined. The end point of the run length is connected to the end point of the adjacent run length, while if there is no run length adjacent to the run length and the y-coordinate value upward (downward), the end point of the run length is the same. Link information is created so as to be connected to the other end of the run length. When the figure is a closed curve such as a circle or an ellipse, link information is created for the outer contour in the same manner as in the case of the open curve. Then, for the inner contour, after selecting data having two run lengths for the same y coordinate value, if there is a run length adjacent to one run length and the y coordinate value in the upward direction (downward direction), The end point of the one run length is connected to the end point of the adjacent run length. On the other hand, if there is no run length adjacent to the one run length and the y coordinate value in the upward direction (downward), the end point of the one run length is determined. Link information is created by connecting an end point to an end point of another run length having the same y coordinate value.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since the raster data is expressed by adding the link information of the contour point to the xy coordinates of each contour point, the process of vectorizing the raster data can be easily performed. There is the advantage that it can be done. In general, vectorization methods are roughly classified into two methods, namely, core line conversion and thinning. When converting such raster data into a core line, first, a graphic to be converted is specified on the screen, raster data corresponding to the y coordinate of the specified graphic to be converted is obtained, and then the link information of the raster data is added. Information about the contour is obtained based on the information. Then, while tracking the contours, a center line is generated by drawing a line in the middle of the contours. On the other hand, when thinning raster data, based on the xy coordinates of each contour point, the run-length is gradually reduced while cutting both end points of each run-length one by one.
Generate a thin line. In the present embodiment, when the raster data is vectorized, any of the centering process and the thinning process can be easily performed. Therefore, such raster data has an optimal data structure when performing interactive vectorization processing.

Next, the operation of the CAD system of this embodiment when performing raster editing processing will be described. Here, a case where a raster figure is moved as raster editing will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the procedure of the raster editing process, FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the moving process of the raster graphic on the screen, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a process of continuing tracking, and FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a process of correcting raster data.

First, the operator picks up a part of a raster graphic to be moved on the screen of the CRT display device 14 with an aperture by using the position input device 16 as shown in FIG. 6A, for example. step12). Then, based on the index data, the central processing unit 18 finds raster data based on the index data for each y coordinate within a range surrounded by the aperture. Then, when both the run-length contour points are included in the area surrounded by the aperture, such as when a part of a vertical line is picked, the x-coordinate of the contour point is found in the found raster data. Determines the raster data closest to the center of the aperture. Further, as in the case where a part of a horizontal line is picked, when both contour points of the run length are not included in the range surrounded by the aperture, in the range of the y coordinate of the area surrounded by the aperture, The raster data having the largest y coordinate and the raster data having the smallest y coordinate are determined. At this time, the two raster data must be determined because the premise of the centering process is to generate a vector at the center of the two line segments.
This is because to obtain two line segments, it is necessary to find edges of two raster data.

Next, the central processing unit 18 performs processing for internally determining the raster graphic to be moved (step 14).
In step 14, specifically, processing as shown in step 52 to step 62 is performed. In step 52, the raster data determined as described above is tracked based on the link information, and vectorization processing is internally performed (step 52). First, contour points are traced based on the link information of the raster data that has just been determined, contour points are sequentially extracted, and information on the contour is obtained by connecting the contour points. Here, the information related to the contour line includes a set of line segments obtained by connecting two contour points based on the link information. Next, among a number of line segments constituting the contour, a pair of line segments at a position where the picking is first performed is subjected to a centering process to generate a centerline. Thereafter, the pair of line segments are tracked in a predetermined direction according to a known method, and a core line is continuously generated. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, when the vehicle reaches the intersection in the middle of tracking, the tip A
Jumps forward by a fixed distance along the tracking direction D from. If there is a run length in the jumped portion B, the tracking is continued from that portion. On the other hand, if there is no run length in the portion B to which the jump has been made, and tracking cannot be continued, tracking in that direction is stopped. This jumping process is also performed when tracking in the horizontal direction. If the contour is closed in a loop, the tracking process ends when returning to the initial position. If the contour is not closed in a loop, after the processing is performed up to one end, the tracking processing proceeds in the opposite direction from the initial position.

After rasterizing the raster data, the central processing unit 18 determines the shape of the raster graphic to be moved by recognizing the shape of the vectorized graphic (step 54). For example, in the case of FIG. 6A, it is determined that the line segment. The raster data to be moved and the information related to its graphic shape are stored in the main memory 19 of the central processing unit 18.

Next, in step 56, if there is a portion in the untracked intersection that jumped during the tracking that needs to be corrected in the tracked raster data (raster data to be moved), a process of correcting it is performed. Do. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, when there is a cross figure and a part of the figure is picked to move a vertical line, raster data representing the tracked vertical line includes an intersection part. Is not included. For this reason, raster data corresponding to an intersection shown in a circle in FIG. 8A is added to the tracked raster data so that the tracked raster data represents the figure shape determined in step 54. . As this additional processing method, for example, the average length of the raster data before the intersection and the raster data after the intersection is obtained to generate the raster data of the intersection. In step 58, if there is a portion in the intersection that has jumped in the course of tracking that needs to be corrected in the intersecting raster data, a process of correcting it is performed. For example, as shown in FIG. 8B, when there is a cross-shaped figure and a part of the figure is picked to move the horizontal line, if the raster data representing the tracked horizontal line is excluded, the intersection with the horizontal line is excluded. The intersection part is deleted from the raster data. For this reason, the raster data of the intersection as shown in the circle of FIG. 8B is added to the intersecting raster data so that the intersecting raster data has a graphic meaning of a vertical line. This additional processing method is the same as step 56 described above. When such correction processing is performed, the raster data of the intersection added at step 56 and the raster data of the intersection added at step 58 are stored in the main memory 19 (step
62).

Next, the central processing unit 18 changes the color of the picked raster graphic and displays it on the screen of the CRT display device 14 (step 16). Thereafter, the operator designates the destination of the raster graphic on the screen of the CRT display device 14 using the position input device 16 (step 18). Then, the central processing unit 18 first newly constructs raster data connected to the picked y coordinate (step 22). Here, the raster data connected to the y coordinate is all the raster data connected to the index corresponding to the y coordinate value of the picked raster data, that is, the raster data of all the figures connected to the figure including the y coordinate. Say. First, the picked-up raster data to be moved is deleted from the original raster data. And step58
In the case where the raster data of the intersection is generated, the raster data of the intersection is added to the original raster data. As a result, the raster graphic to be moved at the movement source is deleted from the screen of the CRT display device 14. Next, raster data connected to the y coordinate of the movement destination is newly constructed (step 24). First, when the raster data of the intersection is generated in step 56, the raster data of the intersection is added to the raster data picked and tracked. Then, the obtained raster data is
Overwrite the original raster data. At this time, if the original raster data and the overwritten raster data overlap, the overlapping part of the raster data is deleted. Thus, the raster data connected to the y coordinate of the movement destination is
Replace with the raster data newly constructed by ep24 (step
26), as shown in FIG. 6B, the raster graphic moves to the designated destination on the screen of the CRT display device 14. Further, the central processing unit 18 changes the coordinates of the contour points of the raster data to perform the movement processing of the raster graphic, but does not change the link information. For example, the link information is broken for a portion corrected by the jump processing, a portion that overlaps the raster graphic to be moved at the source, a portion that overlaps the raster graphic to be moved at the destination, and the like. Therefore, after moving the raster graphic, the link information is re-created for the raster data whose link information has been cut (step 28). Note that the program for executing the above-described operations is entirely or partially recorded on a portable medium such as a floppy disk, a CD-ROM, or a storage device such as a hard disk.
Or it is stored. The program is read by the computer, and all or part of the operation is executed.

Here, the case where the raster graphic is moved as the raster editing has been described. However, the same can be applied to the case where the raster graphic is copied, deleted, enlarged, reduced, or rotated. In the raster data editing device of the present embodiment, the raster data is represented by a pair of xy coordinates of each contour point and link information of the contour point,
By managing with index data, when a graphic to be processed is specified on the screen, raster data corresponding to the y coordinate of the specified graphic to be processed is extracted, and the link information of the extracted raster data is Since information on the contour can be obtained based on the raster data, the raster data can be handled as vector data. That is, vectorization processing is internally performed on the graphic to be processed based on the information about the contour line, and the shape of the graphic to be processed can be recognized. Editing processing such as deletion, deletion, etc. can be easily performed. Therefore, such a raster data editing apparatus can perform editing processing of a raster graphic while displaying raster data on a screen, which is very convenient for an operator.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, when performing the raster graphic moving process, the operator may specify the shape of the raster graphic to be moved in advance. In this case, the central processing unit recognizes the shape of the raster graphic, and if the recognized shape does not match the specified shape, interrupts / stops the moving process.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, raster data is represented by a pair of xy coordinate values of both end points of the run length and link information of the end points, and is managed based on the index. By doing so, when a graphic to be processed is specified on the screen, raster data corresponding to the y coordinate of the specified graphic to be processed is extracted, and the contour line is extracted based on the link information of the extracted raster data. Since it is possible to obtain the information about the raster data, it is possible to provide a raster data management system capable of handling raster data as vector data.

Since raster data can be handled as vector data by using such a raster data management method, vectorization processing is internally performed on a graphic to be processed based on information on a contour obtained from link information. Raster data that can be easily processed for editing, such as moving, copying, deleting, enlarging, reducing, and rotating raster data in units of the recognized shape. An editing device can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a CAD system using a raster data editing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining raster data.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a run-length link state of a circle as an example.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of storing raster data in a storage unit.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a procedure of a raster editing process;

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a process of moving a raster graphic on a screen.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a process of performing a tracking process to jump and continue tracking when the vehicle reaches an intersection.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a process of correcting raster data.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 12 scanner 14 CRT display device 16 position input device 18 central processing unit 19 main memory 22 storage unit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. xy coordinate values of both end points of a run length;
Raster data expressed as a pair of link information indicating which end point is connected to the next end point by following the contour of the figure; and each of the y coordinate values for the raster data having the same y coordinate value. A management means for adding the same index corresponding to each raster, storing the data based on the index, and extracting the raster data based on the index. 2. The xy coordinate values of both end points of the run length,
Raster data expressed as a pair of link information indicating which end point is connected to the next end point by following the contour of the figure; and each of the y coordinate values for the raster data having the same y coordinate value. Each time the same index is added and stored based on the index, and when a graphic to be processed is designated on the screen, the index corresponding to the y coordinate value in the graphic to be processed is added. Management means for retrieving the raster data based on the information; and obtaining information on the outline of the graphic based on the link information of the raster data extracted by the management means, and internally converting the outline to a core line. By performing processing, the shape of the processing target graphic is recognized, and the raster data of the processing target graphic whose shape has been recognized is recognized. Raster data editing apparatus comprising: a, an editing processing means for performing predetermined editing process for. 3. A function of expressing raster data as a pair of xy coordinate values of both end points of a run length and link information indicating which end point is connected to the next end point by following the contour of a graphic. And a function of adding the same index corresponding to each of the y coordinate values to the raster data having the same y coordinate value, storing the raster data based on the index, and extracting the raster data based on the index. A computer-readable recording medium on which a program for realizing the program is recorded. 4. A function of expressing raster data in pairs of xy coordinate values of both end points of a run length and link information indicating which end point is connected to the next end point by following the contour of a graphic. When the same index corresponding to each of the y coordinate values is added to the raster data having the same y coordinate value and stored based on the index, when a graphic to be processed is specified on the screen, A function of extracting raster data based on the index corresponding to the y-coordinate value in the graphic to be processed; and obtaining information on a contour line of the graphic based on the link information of the extracted raster data. A centering process is internally performed on the outline to recognize the shape of the processing target graphic, and the raster of the processing target graphic whose shape has been recognized is recognized. A computer-readable recording medium storing a program for realizing a function of performing predetermined editing process for Deta.