JPH10148313A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the amount of soot and smoke, discharged out of an incinerator, and permit the combustion of flame-retardant waste to be incinerated with no smoke and no smell by a method wherein a bag filter is divided into a plurality of chambers and the discharging port of a showering chamber is opened on one part of the divided chambers while an after burner is provided at the downstream side of the discharging port of gas in a filter chamber. SOLUTION: A filter chamber 50, equipped with bag filters 51, is provided at the downstream side of a showering chamber 30 while the inside of the filter chamber 51 is divided in parallel into a plurality of chambers 55a-55f by partitioning walls 54. Discharged matter from the showering chamber 30 flows down into the divided chamber 55a and is filtrated while solid matter, such as soot, dust and the like which are floating on water, is collected in the divided chamber 55a. When the divided chamber 55a is clogged, the discharged matter flows into neighboring divided chambers 55b-55f sequentially and is filtrated. Accordingly, stabilized filtrating effect can be expected at all times. On the other hand, an after burner 70 is provided at the downstream side of the filter chamber 50 to remove poisonous constituents in exhaust gas completely substantially whereby the exhaust gas can be discharged with no smoke and no smell.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for realizing smokeless and odorless exhaust gas and extending the life of a furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a small incinerator for smokeless and odorless exhaust gas generated from an incinerator, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-17132 is known.
No. 9 discloses an incinerator equipped with a smoke and deodorization treatment device. This apparatus comprises a self-combustion incinerator, a cyclone for removing soot and the like discharged from the incinerator, and a deodorizing and deodorizing apparatus for treating smoke exhausted through the cyclone. Then, the deodorizing and deodorizing treatment device includes a bubbling / shower room for bubbling the exhaust gas into water and showering with water, a first filter room for filtering polluted water and exhaust gas discharged from the bubbling / shower room, A showering chamber for floating the exhaust gas passing through the first filter chamber in water by a shower of water, a second filter chamber for filtering the exhaust gas passing through the showering chamber again with a filter, and a second filter chamber. An ozone chamber for oxidizing and decomposing the odorous gas with ozone.

However, in a self-combustion type incinerator, since the amount of generated smoke and dust is very large, a separate cyclone device for removing dust is required. In order to bubble flue gas in water, the pressure loss is large, so
It is necessary to apply a large pressure 0mmH about ₂ O. This pressure is supplied from a blower that sends air to the combustion chamber of the incinerator, but when burning incombustible incineration, if too much air is supplied, it may be cooled and disappear. In addition, since the ozone chamber is installed independently and is not in a diffusion atmosphere of water, it cannot be said that the bleaching action (cleaning action of water) by ozone water is effectively used.

Conventionally, there are various types of small refuse incinerators whose combustion chambers in the incinerator have a capacity of about 100 to 2,000 liters. In any case, the refuse is incinerated at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or more. It is common to incinerate. Burning at a high temperature increases the amount of nitrogen oxides generated. Steel incinerators deteriorate quickly due to high temperatures, and although there is a difference depending on the type of garbage, the deterioration is further accelerated and the service life is short due to corrosive gas generated by combustion of the garbage. Also, the clinker adhered to the inner wall of the furnace, and cleaning of the furnace was troublesome.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of soot and smoke discharged from an incinerator and sufficiently burn even incombustible incinerated materials.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator that makes it possible to effectively use the water cleaning action of ozone water and realize smokeless and odorless exhaust gas. Another object of the present invention is to provide an incinerator capable of extending the life of an incinerator.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the incinerator of the present invention, the furnace wall surrounding the combustion chamber has a double structure consisting of an inner wall and an outer wall, and the combustion chamber has a primary combustion chamber. A first burner in the primary combustion chamber, a second burner in the secondary combustion chamber, a discharge path for exhaust gas downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, and an inner wall and an outer wall. An incinerator is provided for cooling the outer wall by flowing a fluid between the incinerator and a showering chamber in which water is diffused and supplied downstream of the exhaust gas discharge path of the incinerator, and the water in the showering chamber is provided. An ozone supply port for supplying ozone gas in a diffusion atmosphere, a filter for filtering a discharge from the shower ring chamber on the downstream side of the shower ring chamber, and a discharge port for water discharged from the filter and a gas outlet. Each outlet has its own outlet A filter chamber is provided, and the filter is formed in a bag shape, and the inside thereof is divided into a plurality of chambers in parallel by a partition wall extending vertically while leaving an upper portion, and a showering chamber is formed on a part of the divided chambers. A discharge port is open, and an afterburner is provided downstream of the gas discharge port in the filter chamber. Here, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are partitioned via a partition wall, and a communication port having a small cross-sectional area for communicating the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber is provided on the partition wall. One air
A supply device for supplying the secondary combustion chamber is provided, and the combustion temperature in the primary combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the supply amount of the pressurized air. Further, the secondary combustion chamber is formed with a small volume in the combustion chamber, and an introduction cylinder protruding from the secondary combustion chamber toward the primary combustion chamber is provided.
A communication port communicating with the primary combustion chamber is formed in the introduction cylinder, and a second communication port is formed.
The combustion nozzle of the burner may be made to face the introduction cylinder. Further, a throttle valve for reducing the passage area of the discharge passage from the bottom to the top can be provided at the discharge portion of the showering chamber. Further, a water storage tank provided with a supply device for supplying a neutralizing agent is provided downstream of the water outlet of the filter chamber, and the water in the water storage tank is sent out by a pump and diffused and supplied to the showering chamber. be able to. Further, a second showering chamber into which water is diffused and supplied can be provided between the gas outlet of the filter chamber and the afterburner. Furthermore, a second filter chamber may be provided between the filter chamber and the water storage tank, and a filter having a smaller opening ratio than the filter provided in the filter chamber may be provided.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of an incinerator showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional front view of an upper part of an incinerator, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a showering chamber, and FIG. FIGS. 5 and 5 are explanatory views of the filter. FIG. 5A is a partial sectional front view of the filter, FIG. 5B is a left side view of the filter, and FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of a main part of the afterburner. In FIG. 1, arrows indicated by dotted lines mainly indicate the flow of airflow, and arrows indicated by solid lines mainly indicate the direction of flow of water.

The incinerator 10 in the incinerator 1 of the present invention
Has a furnace wall surrounding the combustion chamber as a double structure consisting of an inner wall 11 and an outer wall 12, and cooling air from a blower 13 a flows between the inner wall 11 and the outer wall 12 to cool the outer wall 12. is there. The combustion chamber is divided into a lower primary combustion chamber 14 and an upper secondary combustion chamber 15.
A first burner 16 for igniting and burning the incineration material is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 14, and a primary combustion chamber 14 is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 15.
A second burner 17 is provided for reburning soot and combustible gas generated when the fuel is burned. 2
An exhaust gas discharge passage 18 is provided downstream of the next combustion chamber 15,
It is connected to the showering chamber 30 on the downstream side. The combustion chamber is divided into a primary combustion chamber 14 and a secondary combustion chamber 15, and burners 16 and 17 are provided in each of the combustion chambers so as to suppress the emission of dust and smoke in the exhaust gas. Processing is easy. Further, even in the case of burning a flame-retardant incineration material, since the first burner 16 is provided, it is possible to burn while preventing misfire.

Here, the primary combustion chamber 14 and the secondary combustion chamber 15
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the primary combustion chamber 14 and the secondary combustion chamber 1 are partitioned by a partition wall 19.
5, a communication port 20 having a small cross-sectional area for communicating with the first combustion chamber 5 and a supply device 16 for supplying pressurized air into the primary combustion chamber 14 are provided.
The primary combustion chamber 14 is controlled by adjusting the supply amount of the pressurized air.
The internal combustion temperature is adjusted. Primary combustion chamber 1
By partitioning the 4 and the secondary combustion chamber 15 through the partition wall 19, the respective roles of the combustion chambers 14 and 15 can be sufficiently exhibited. The pressurized air supplied into the primary combustion chamber 14 is supplied from the first burner blower 13b through the first burner 16 in FIG. In addition,
After the first burner 16 ignites the incinerated material, control is performed so that the first burner 16 is turned off and only pressurized air is sent. In the case of burning incombustible incinerators, the first burner 16 is used when the temperature of the primary combustion chamber falls below a predetermined temperature.
Is controlled to ignite and continue combustion. And
In order to keep the combustion temperature in the first combustion chamber 14 low,
The supply amount of the pressurized air is adjusted by, for example, a damper (not shown) provided in the air introduction path of the burner 16 or an inverter control of the blower 13b. Preferably 550-65
Burn at about 0 ° C. To burn at such a temperature, for example, the internal pressure of the primary combustion chamber 14 is set to 160 mmH ₂
The supply amount of the pressurized air is adjusted to be about O. Such a temperature is higher than the ignition temperature of various kinds of garbage.
0 ° C., melamine resin is about 475 ° C.), which is a temperature sufficient to burn various kinds of refuse, that the amount of generated nitrogen oxides can be kept low, and that the iron has a strain relief temperature of 650 ° C. And that the internal strain of the steel furnace can be removed to extend the life of the furnace,
In addition, it is preferable in that the generation of clinker can be suppressed and the inside of the furnace can be easily cleaned. During normal combustion, the temperature is preferably about 550 to 650 ° C., and the temperature in the primary combustion chamber 14 is preferably about 800 ° C. by igniting the first burner 16 for the last few minutes of combustion. If the treatment is performed at a high temperature during the final combustion in this way, even if the incineration ash contains dioxins, it can be thermally decomposed.

The secondary combustion chamber 15 includes a primary combustion chamber 14.
An inlet cylinder 21 is formed with a small volume and protrudes from the secondary combustion chamber 15 toward the interior of the primary combustion chamber 14. A communication port 20 communicating with the primary combustion chamber 14 is provided in the inlet cylinder 21. The combustion nozzle 22 of the second burner 17 is
Can be viewed. Primary combustion chamber 1
Soot and combustible gas generated when the fuel is burned in 4 flows into the secondary combustion chamber 15 through the communication port 20 and is reburned by the second burner 17 at a high temperature (about 800 ° C.). As a result, the amount of dust emission can be suppressed, and the cyclone device is not required. Secondary combustion chamber 15
If the compartment is separated from the main body of the secondary combustion chamber 14 and formed with a small volume in the primary combustion chamber 14, a high temperature can be easily maintained. In the primary combustion chamber 14, the components constituting the primary combustion chamber 14 deteriorate slowly because of low-temperature combustion, but deteriorate quickly in the secondary combustion chamber 15 because of high-temperature combustion.
For this reason, if the structure constituting the secondary combustion chamber 15 is replaceable, the cost can be reduced. In addition,
As a member constituting the incinerator, it is preferable to use a material in which an alloy layer of iron and aluminum is formed on the surface of steel because of its excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 23 denotes a fuel tank that sends fuel to each burner, 13c denotes a second burner blower, and 13d denotes an afterburner blower. In the above, the internal pressure of each of the combustion chambers 14 and 15 is as high as, for example, about 160 mmH ₂ O.
A burner for blast furnace pressure is used for 6 and the second burner 17.

Downstream of the exhaust gas discharge passage 18 of the incinerator, a showering chamber 30 to which water is diffused and supplied is provided. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the showering chamber 30 is divided into an upper stage 32 and a lower stage 33 via a partition wall 31, and a communication port 34 for communicating the upper stage 32 and the lower stage 33 to one end of the partition wall 31. And the upper stage 32 and the lower stage 33
A plurality of baffle plates 35, each of which partitions the upper part into a plurality of chambers in the direction of the air flow, and a supply port 36 for diffusing and supplying water downward to the upper part of each of the plurality of chambers. It is provided. The communication port 34 of the upper stage 32
The outlet 37 of the exhaust gas discharge path is connected to the opposite side of
A discharge port 38 of the showering chamber 30 is provided at a lower portion of the third side opposite to the communication port 34. The outlet 38
A throttle valve 40 is provided to narrow the passage area of the discharge passage 39 of the showering chamber 30 from bottom to top. Throttle valve 40
Is made of a rectangular plate-shaped member with an upper part cut out in a U-shape, has long holes 41 formed in four corners in the vertical direction, and is slidably mounted in the vertical direction. The pressure in the primary combustion chamber 14 of the incinerator 10 on the upstream side is adjusted by adjusting the passage area of the discharge path 39 of the showering chamber 30 by the throttle valve 40, and the gas flowing down to the downstream side is polluted. Adjust the water flow. Although the water and gas flowing down the discharge passage 39 contain a large amount of dust and are contaminated, since the throttle valve 40 is in the water and washed with water, the throttle valve 40 is not clogged and the function is not deteriorated. .

Further, an ozone supply port 42 for supplying ozone gas into a diffusion atmosphere of water is provided near a lower portion of the communication port 34 of the lower stage 33. Since the exhaust gas is also cooled in this area, the supplied ozone gas is not decomposed. In addition,
The ozone supply port 42 is preferably made of a porous sintered metal so that the ozone gas is easily diffused in all directions.
Ozone components in the exhaust gas, such as mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide and aldehydes, are decomposed and deodorized by the ozone gas, and the ozone water dissolved in the water promotes the purification of the polluted water by the bleaching action. Since the ozone gas is supplied into the water diffusion atmosphere in the showering chamber 30, it contributes to downsizing of the apparatus without separately providing an ozone supply chamber, and oxidative decomposition of harmful components by the ozone gas and bleaching by the ozone water. Action and can be used effectively. The reference numeral 43 in FIG.
2 is an ozonizer for supplying ozone gas.

Exhaust gas from the incinerator 10 is introduced into the upper stage 32 of the showering chamber 30 from the outlet 37 of the discharge passage 18, flows horizontally in the diffusion atmosphere of water, and flows down to the lower stage 33 through the communication port 34. Then, it flows down from the discharge port 38 to the filter chamber 50 side. During this time, solids such as soot and dust in the exhaust gas are suspended in water (lighter than water floats in water, and heavy ones are suspended in water), and the water-soluble components are dissolved in water. Further, the exhaust gas flowing at a high temperature (about 800 ° C.) is cooled while passing through a water diffusion atmosphere. For example, the water supply amount and the like may be appropriately adjusted so that the temperature is reduced to about 120 ° C. in the vicinity of the communication port 34 of the upper stage 32 and to about 50 ° C. in the vicinity of the outlet 38 of the showering chamber 30.

On the downstream side of the showering chamber 30, a filter 51 for filtering the discharge from the showering chamber 30 is provided.
And an outlet 5 for water discharged from the filter 51.
2 and a filter chamber 50 provided with a gas outlet 53 respectively. The filter 51 is formed in a bag shape, and the inside thereof extends in the vertical direction except for an upper part into which a discharge pipe 39 constituting a discharge path of the showering chamber 30 is inserted, as shown in FIG. Partition wall 54
The chamber is divided into a plurality of chambers 55a to 55f in parallel, and a discharge port 56 of the discharge path 39 of the showering chamber is opened on a part of the divided chambers. Although the insertion port 57 of the discharge pipe 39 is not closed in FIG. 5, the insertion port 57 is closed with a ribbon or the like when used, and the filter 51 is inserted through the discharge port 56. The gas flowing into the inside is prevented from leaking from the insertion port 57. The size of the mesh of the filter to be used is appropriately selected depending on the kind of the incineration material, and for example, a filter having a porosity of about 35 to 50 μm is used. Since the discharged inflow is generally acidic, a filter made of a polyester nonwoven fabric having excellent acid resistance is preferable.

The discharged matter from the showering chamber 30 flows down into the divided chamber 55a below the outlet 56 and is filtered, and solids such as dust and the like floating in the water are captured in the divided chamber 55a. If the divided chamber 55a is clogged, the discharged material sequentially flows into the adjacent divided chambers 55b to 55f and is filtered. Therefore, a stable filtering action can always be expected, and the entire filter 51 can be used effectively. Here, the filter 51
The restriction wall 58 extending obliquely downward at the upper end of the partition wall 54 prevents floating substances floating in the water from floating and flowing out, and the floating substances can be captured by the restricting wall 58, thereby reducing the filtration ability. This is preferable because it can be prevented. If the last divided chamber 55f is clogged and the filtration capacity is reduced, the filter 5
Replace one. To detect that the last divided chamber 55f is clogged, for example, a load cell (not shown) that detects that the last divided chamber 55f has reached a predetermined weight may be used. The furnace liquid flows down from the water outlet 52 to the second filter chamber 90 on the downstream side. Also, of the gaseous components such as smoke and soot that could not completely float in the water, those larger than the filter 51 are captured by the filter 51, and gaseous components smaller than the filter 51 pass through the filter 51, The gas flows down from the gas outlet 53 of the filter chamber 50 to the second showering chamber 60.

The gas outlet 53 of the filter chamber 50
It is preferable to provide a second showering chamber 60 to which water is diffused and supplied from a water supply port 61 on the downstream side of. In the second showering chamber 60, the inflow port 53 is provided on the lower side, the gas discharge port 62 is provided on the upper side so that the airflow flows upward from below, and the ozone supply port is not provided. The configuration is the same as that of the showering chamber 30 described above, except that the water outlet 63 is provided below and connected to the second filter chamber 90. In addition, it is configured so that it flows upward from below. This is because a pressing force is not applied to the downstream side from the filter chamber 50 and the air flow smoothly flows.

The operation of the second showering chamber 60 is the same as that of the showering chamber 30 except for the action of ozone, but the second showering chamber 60 slightly remains after passing through the filter chamber 50 and cannot be completely dissolved in dust and water. The water-soluble component is exposed again to a diffusion atmosphere of water so as to be suspended in water and water-soluble. This is effective when the incinerator emits a large amount of smoke containing dust and the like.

An afterburner 70 is provided downstream of the gas outlet 62 of the second showering chamber 60. This afterburner 70 is, as shown in FIG.
A sub-combustion cylinder 73 is provided on the outer periphery of the main combustion cylinder 72 of the burner main body 71.
Are fitted in a double structure. And the auxiliary combustion cylinder 7
3, a plurality of exhaust gas inlets 75 are provided on the peripheral wall located at the flame opening 74 at the end of the main combustion cylinder 72. A baffle plate 76 is provided on the downstream side of the introduction port 75, and a plurality of communication ports 77 are provided on an outer peripheral portion of the baffle plate 76. in this way,
Since the auxiliary combustion cylinder 73 is fitted to the outer periphery of the main combustion cylinder 72 in a double structure, the furnace wall temperature can be prevented from increasing. In addition,
In FIG. 6, reference numeral 78 denotes a combustion nozzle of the burner main body 71, 79 denotes an evaporating cylinder, and 80 denotes a main combustion chamber.

The flame of the combustion gas from the burner body 71 collides from a flame port 74 of the main combustion cylinder 72 with a baffle plate 76 provided in the sub combustion cylinder 73 to heat the baffle plate 76 and to set the sub combustion chamber 81 to a predetermined position. Temperature, for example, 850 ° C. that emits far infrared rays
Heat to about degree. The exhaust gas flowing into the gas reservoir 82 from the gas outlet 62 of the second showering chamber is introduced into the sub-combustion chamber 81 through the inlet 75 and heated to a predetermined temperature, and the communication port 77 provided in the baffle plate 76 is provided. Flows down to the chimney 83 on the downstream side. The exhaust gas that has been heated and has flowed down to the chimney 83 side is supplied to an air inlet 84 provided at the lower end of the chimney 83.
The fuel is combusted by the air introduced from the stack and discharged from the upper portion of the chimney 83. Here, the baffle plate 76 is provided in the sub-combustion cylinder 73 so that the sub-combustion chamber 81 can be maintained at a predetermined high temperature, so that the exhaust gas can be instantaneously heated to a high temperature, and the combustion gas contained in the exhaust gas can be reduced. It can be burned efficiently. If the sub-combustion chamber 81 is maintained at about 850 ° C. that emits far-infrared rays, the heat transmittance can be increased by the far-infrared effect, and high-temperature pyrolysis can be promoted. For example, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ozone, dioxins and the like contained in the gas to be burned can be thermally decomposed at high temperature. Thus, the afterburner 70 is provided downstream of the filter chamber 50.
The harmful components in the exhaust gas can be almost completely removed and discharged.

The above-mentioned evaporating cylinder 79, main combustion cylinder 72,
For the sub-combustion cylinder 73 and the baffle plate 76, the use of a material in which an alloy layer of iron and aluminum is formed on the surface of steel is excellent in heat resistance and corrosion resistance, the heat absorption rate is high, and the combustion cylinders 72
The combustion chamber 8 of the burner main body 71 can be maintained at a high temperature.
0, which is preferable because the inside of the sub-combustion chamber 81 can be maintained at a high temperature. When the main combustion cylinder 72 and the sub-combustion cylinder 73 are deteriorated due to long-term use, they can have a replaceable structure as shown in FIG.

A second filter chamber 90 is preferably provided downstream of the water outlet 52 of the filter chamber 50. Further, a water outlet 63 of the second showering chamber 60 is connected to the second filter chamber 90, so that the furnace liquid in the filter chamber 50 and the second showering chamber 6 are connected.
The water discharged from 0 flows in. Since the solids suspended in the water flowing into the second filter chamber 90 have once passed through the eyes of the filter 51, the filter 91 provided in the second filter chamber 90 is provided in the filter chamber 50. A filter having a smaller opening ratio than the filter 51 is used. The size of the mesh of the filter 91 is appropriately selected depending on the kind of the incinerated material, and for example, a filter having a porosity of about 25 to 45 μm is used. The material is preferably made of a polyester nonwoven fabric having excellent acid resistance. Most of the solid matter such as dust is captured by the filter 51, and the amount of the solid matter floating in the water flowing into the second filter chamber 90 is small. Therefore, the capacity of the filter 91 may be smaller than that of the filter 51. ,
Although it is not necessary to divide the filter 91 into a plurality of chambers to increase the filtration efficiency, the interior of the filter 91 may be divided into a plurality of chambers similarly to the filter 51.

On the downstream side of the water outlet 52 of the filter chamber 50, the water storage divided into three chambers of an inflow chamber 96, a neutralization chamber 97 and a water storage chamber 98 via the second filter chamber 90 described above. A tank 95 is provided. Inflow chamber 96 and neutralization chamber 9
7. Neutralization chamber 97 and water storage chamber 98 are connected to communication port 99, respectively.
And 100. The outlet 92 of the second filter chamber 90 is connected to the inflow chamber 96, and the furnace liquid flows from the second filter chamber 90. In the neutralization chamber 97,
A PH meter 101 for checking the PH value, a neutralizer tank 102 for storing the neutralizer, and a predetermined PH value range (PH)
A value of about 5.8 to 8.6) is provided. During the operation of the present device 1, the pH value tends to decrease due to the dissolution of acidic components in odorous gas and smoke in water. In this case, an alkaline component such as sodium hydroxide is used as a neutralizing agent, and the above upper limit is used. If it exceeds the value, use an acidic component such as sulfuric acid. The water in the water storage chamber 98 is jetted into the neutralization chamber 97 via the pump 104 to stir the water in the neutralization chamber 97. Water storage room 98 is neutralization room 9
The water in the water storage chamber 98 is sent out by the pump 104 and supplied to the supply ports 36 and 61 for diffusing and supplying the water in the showering chambers 30 and 60 described above. The inside of the present apparatus 1 is used in a circulating manner. Further, a water level sensor 105 is provided so that when the water level drops, water is replenished to maintain a predetermined water level.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned smoke exhaust treatment device is made of a material having excellent corrosion resistance because corrosive gas and solution pass therethrough.

Next, the removal of dust, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide and the like using the above-mentioned apparatus 1 will be described. [Removal of soot and dust] Since the soot and dust generated in the primary combustion chamber 14 is burned by the second burner 17 provided in the secondary combustion chamber 15 of the incinerator 10, the amount of soot discharged from the incinerator 10 is reduced, Cyclone equipment is not required. Dust discharged from the exhaust gas discharge passage 18 of the incinerator 10 is suspended in water in the showering chamber 30 and captured and removed by the filter 51 on the downstream side. Slightly remaining dust is combusted again by the afterburner 70 and almost completely removed and discharged. [Removal of Nitrogen Oxide] By lowering the combustion temperature in the primary combustion chamber 14 (about 600 ° C.), the amount of nitrogen oxides generated by incineration is reduced, and 700 ° C. in the secondary combustion chamber 15.
It is decomposed by the above processing. Nitrogen oxides not completely decomposed are oxidized by ozone and dissolved in water to form nitric acid, and neutralized and removed by alkali. Further, it is decomposed and removed by high-temperature treatment by the afterburner 70. [Removal of Sulfur Oxide] Sulfur oxide (mainly sulfur dioxide) discharged from the incinerator 10 is absorbed in water in the showering chamber 30 to form sulfurous acid, oxidized by ozone to sulfuric acid, and alkalinized. Remove by neutralization. The afterburner 70 removes a large amount of sulfur oxides by high-temperature pyrolysis. [Removal of hydrogen chloride] When vinyl chloride resin is incinerated, a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas is generated. Hydrogen chloride gas generated from the incinerator 10 is dissolved in water in the showering chamber 30 to form hydrochloric acid, and neutralized and removed with alkali. Hydrochloric acid is considered to be partially oxidized by ozone to become hypochlorous acid, and is removed as sodium hypochlorite or the like by an alkali (such as caustic soda). By dissolving the residual gas in water again in the second showering chamber 60, the discharge amount of hydrogen chloride gas in the exhaust gas can be further reduced. [Removal of Hydrogen Cyanide] When the polyurethane resin is incinerated, hydrogen cyanide gas is generated, which is decomposed and removed by burning by the secondary burner 17 in the secondary combustion chamber 15. Note that the fuel is also decomposed by the afterburner 70 and is not discharged into the atmosphere. [Removal of dioxins] The formation process is unknown,
It is said that it is thermally decomposed at a high temperature of 00 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the furnace temperature in the main combustion chamber 14 is set to 800
It is considered that the dioxins in the incineration ash can be removed by thermal decomposition if the temperature is controlled to be raised to about ° C. Since the solubility of dioxins in water is extremely small, it is not necessary to consider drainage measures. Gaseous dioxins are removed by afterburner 70
It is considered that if the heat treatment is performed at about 50 ° C., it can be removed by thermal decomposition at a high temperature while increasing the heat transmittance by the far infrared ray effect. It should be noted that the particles adhering to the particulate matter are captured by the filters 51 and 91, and are considered to be thermally decomposed if incinerated at a high temperature.

Using the incinerator 1 (furnace floor area of the incinerator 2500 cm ² ) shown in FIG. 1 to burn and treat various incinerated materials, the amount of dust, the amount of nitrogen oxides, the amount of sulfur oxides and the amount of hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas The results such as the amount and the amount of hydrogen cyanide are shown below.

Example 1 89.1 kg of vinyl chloride resin as incineration
At a temperature of 650 ° C. in the primary combustion chamber 14, a temperature of 800 ° C. in the secondary combustion chamber 15, and a furnace pressure of 160 mmH ₂ O.
Burned over time. With respect to the flow rate of the exhaust gas from the discharge passage 18, the diffusion supply amount of water in the showering chamber 30 is set to 36 l / min, and the ozone supply amount is set to 1.5 g / h with respect to the flow rate of the exhaust gas from the second showering chamber 60. 3 water diffusion supply
6 l / min, the opening rate of the filter 51 is 50 μm, the second
The filter 91 was operated with a porosity of 35 μm. Table 1 shows the amount of substances released in the exhaust gas at this time.
Table 2 shows the quality of the water inside. JIS Z 8808 (cylindrical filter method) for dust concentration, JIS K 0104 (chemiluminescence method) for nitrogen oxide concentration, and JIS K 0103 for sulfur oxide concentration.
(Turbidimetric method), the concentration of hydrogen chloride is JIS K01
07 (silver nitrate titration method)
K 0109, PH, SS, COD, and BOD were measured based on JIS K 0102, respectively.
Note that the emission standard values of the dust concentration, hydrogen chloride concentration, nitrogen oxide concentration, sulfur oxide concentration, and cyan concentration in Table 1 are values based on the Air Pollution Control Law. P in Table 2
H, SS, COD, and BOD emission standard values are values based on the Water Pollution Control Law.

[0025]

Example 2 The operation was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that 24.7 kg of polyurethane was burned as an incinerated material in 2.05 hours. Table 1 shows the amount of the substance in the exhaust gas at this time, and Table 2 shows the quality of the water in the water storage chamber 98.

[0026]

Example 3 The operation was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that 70 kg of styrene foam was burned as an incinerated material in 8.0 hours. Table 1 shows the amount of the substance in the exhaust gas at this time, and Table 2 shows the quality of the water in the water storage chamber 98.

[0027]

Embodiment 4 102.6 kg of medical equipment such as a bandage, a syringe, an infusion set, a dialyzer, a plastic medicine bottle, etc.
Was operated under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that it was incinerated in 7.5 hours. Table 1 shows the amount of the substance in the exhaust gas at this time, and Table 2 shows the quality of the water in the water storage chamber 98.

[0028]

[Table 1]Table 1  Emission standard value Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Dust concentration 0.5 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02(G / m ³ N)   Less than Less than Less than Less than Nitrogen oxide concentration 250 23 26 22 27(Cm ³ / m ³ N)           Sulfur oxide emissions 0.2 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01(M ³ N / h)   Less than Less than Less than Less than Hydrogen chloride concentration 700 Less than 40 Less than 40 Less than 40 Less than 40(Mg / m ³ N)           Cyan density 1  Undetected   (Mg / m ³ N) Less than 0.50

[0029]

[Table 2] Table 2 Emission standard value Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Hydrogen ion concentration 5.8 to 7.4 7.2 7.5 6.3 PH 8.6 SS Max 200 3.0 3.2 2.6 1.4 (mg / l) COD maximum 160 70.8 142 145 92.8 (mg / l) BOD up to 160 50.8 111 161 61.5 (mg / l)

As is clear from the above examples, the amount of dust and the amount of various harmful gases emitted from exhaust gas can be significantly reduced, and it is particularly effective for incineration of various plastics.

[0031]

As described above, according to the incinerator of the present invention, the amount of dust and combustible gas generated from the incinerator is suppressed, and the exhaust gas containing harmful components passes through each chamber. It is almost completely removed and discharged. Even flame retardant incineration can be burned while preventing misfire. In addition, the water can be purified by the ozone water. In addition, if the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are partitioned via a partition wall and the combustion temperature in the primary combustion chamber is adjusted by adjusting the amount of pressurized air supplied, the primary combustion chamber can be adjusted. The combustion temperature can be kept low, the amount of generated nitrogen oxides can be kept low, and the life of the furnace can be prolonged. Further, if the secondary combustion chamber is formed with a small volume in the primary combustion chamber, and the combustion nozzle of the second burner faces the inlet cylinder projecting from the secondary combustion chamber toward the primary combustion chamber, Soot and combustible gas generated during combustion in the primary combustion chamber can be reburned while maintaining a high temperature, reducing the amount of soot and dust discharged from the incinerator.
No cyclone device is required. In addition, the cost can be reduced by using a structure in which members constituting the secondary combustion chamber, which deteriorate quickly due to high temperature, can be replaced. Also, if a throttle valve is provided at the discharge part of the showering chamber to reduce the passage area of the discharge passage from the bottom to the top, the throttle valve is in the water and is washed with water, so the throttle valve is clogged and the function deteriorates. It is rich in durability without inviting. Further, a water storage tank provided with a supply device for supplying a neutralizing agent is provided on the downstream side of the water outlet of the filter chamber, and the water in the water storage tank is sent out by a pump and diffused and supplied to the showering chamber. By doing so, water can be circulated and used in the device, contributing to water saving. Further, if a second showering chamber in which water is diffused and supplied is provided between the gas outlet of the filter chamber and the afterburner, a small amount of soot and dust remaining after passing through the filter chamber cannot be completely dissolved in water. The water-soluble component is exposed again to the diffusion atmosphere of water, so that the water-soluble component can be suspended in water and made water-soluble. Also, the second between the filter chamber and the water storage tank
If the filter chamber is provided, the solid matter passing through the eyes of the filter can be captured again, and the water sent to the water storage tank can be further purified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the upper part of the incinerator.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a showering room.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a filter.

FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of a main part of an afterburner unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 incinerator 10 incinerator 11 inner wall 12 outer wall 13a to 13f blower 14 primary combustion chamber 15 secondary combustion chamber 16 first burner 17 second burner 18 exhaust gas discharge path 19 partition wall 20 communication port 21 introduction cylinder 22 combustion nozzle 30 Showering chamber 36 water supply port 38 discharge section 39 discharge path 40 throttle valve 42 ozone supply port 50 filter chamber 51 filter 52 water discharge port 53 gas discharge port 54 partition wall 55a to 55f division chamber 56 discharge port 60 second Showering chamber 61 water supply port 70 afterburner 90 second filter chamber 91 filter 95 water storage tank 96 inflow chamber 97 neutralization chamber 98 water storage chamber 101 PH meter 102 neutralizer tank 103 valve 104 pump

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B01D 53/38 F23G 5/16 ZABE 53/74 5/44 ZABD 53/50 7/06 ZABA 53/77 B01D 29/14 A53 / 56 53/34 116F 53/68 125Q F23G 5/16 ZAB 130Z 134B 5/44 ZAB F23J 15/00 A 7/06 ZAB E F23J 15/00 J 15/04 L 15/08

Claims (7)

[Claims] A furnace wall surrounding a combustion chamber has a double structure comprising an inner wall and an outer wall. The combustion chamber is divided into a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, and a first burner is provided in the primary combustion chamber. A second burner is provided in each of the secondary combustion chambers, and an exhaust gas discharge path is provided downstream of the secondary combustion chamber, and an incinerator is provided in which a fluid flows between the inner wall and the outer wall to cool the outer wall. A showering chamber to which water is diffused and supplied downstream of the exhaust gas discharge path of the incinerator; an ozone supply port for supplying ozone gas into a water diffusion atmosphere of the showering chamber; A filter for filtering the discharge from the showering chamber is provided on the downstream side, and a filter chamber having a discharge port for water and a discharge port for gas discharged from the filter is provided, and the filter is formed in a bag shape. And at the same time The inside is divided into a plurality of chambers in parallel by partition walls extending in the vertical direction while leaving the upper part, and the outlet of the showering chamber is opened on some of the divided chambers, and the downstream side of the gas outlet of the filter chamber. An incinerator characterized by comprising an afterburner. 2. A primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber are partitioned via a partition wall, and a communication port having a small cross-sectional area for communicating the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber is provided in the partition wall. One pressurized air
The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a supply device is provided for supplying into the secondary combustion chamber, and the combustion temperature in the primary combustion chamber is adjusted by adjusting the supply amount of the pressurized air. 3. The secondary combustion chamber is formed with a small volume in the combustion chamber, and is provided with an introduction cylinder projecting from the secondary combustion chamber toward the primary combustion chamber. The incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a communication port communicating with the chamber is formed, and a combustion nozzle of a second burner faces the inlet cylinder. 4. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a throttle valve is provided at a discharge portion of the showering chamber to reduce a passage area of the discharge passage from bottom to top. 5. A water storage tank provided with a supply device for supplying a neutralizing agent is provided downstream of a water outlet of the filter chamber, and water in the water storage tank is sent out by a pump to a showering chamber. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is supplied by diffusion. 6. A second showering chamber to which water is diffused and supplied is provided between the gas outlet of the filter chamber and the afterburner.
The incinerator according to the paragraph. 7. The filter according to claim 5, wherein a second filter chamber is provided between the filter chamber and the water storage tank, and a filter having a smaller opening ratio than the filter provided in the filter chamber is provided. Incineration equipment.