JPH1014403A - Apparatus for searching correlation between amount of insolation and growth of lawn - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for searching, capable of closely studying the correlation between the amount of insolation and the growth of lawn. SOLUTION: A dome-shaped framing 22 is constructed on a specified area of lawn 21, and plural kinds of shading membranes 23-25 each having different light-transmitting rates are placed over the framing 22 so that the amounts of insolation on the lawn 21 are changed in steps. Thus, the resultant searching apparatus 1 can study the correlation between the amount of insolation and the growth of lawn. In the apparatus 1, an opening 38 having V-shape at least at the front end is formed on the shading membrane 25 placed on the ceiling of the framing 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for examining the relationship between sunlight and lawn growth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, construction plans for large soccer stadiums have been made in various places following the soccer boom. In such a soccer stadium, it is required to use natural turf due to the nature of the competition.

[0003]

However, since natural turf is easily affected by the environment, management is troublesome. In particular, the amount of sunlight greatly affects the growth of the lawn, and the lawn may not normally grow in the shaded area. For example, in large soccer stadiums, it is obligatory to provide an eave above the spectator seats, and depending on the location of the field, the eaves may block the sunlight, reduce the amount of sunlight, and make the lawn normal. There is a problem that it will not grow. To prevent such problems beforehand, it would be advantageous if the relationship between sunshine and lawn growth could be investigated in advance.

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and it is an apparatus for investigating the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of lawn, which can investigate the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of lawn as minutely as possible. Is to provide.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an apparatus for investigating the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of a lawn, and is configured as follows to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. That is, the present invention provides a dome-shaped framework on a lawn of a predetermined area,
Put a plurality of types of light-shielding films with different light transmittance on the skeleton,
A survey device for examining the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of the lawn by changing the amount of sunshine applied to the lawn depending on the location, at least the tip of the light-shielding film stretched on the ceiling of the skeleton. A V-shaped opening is provided.

[0006] Auxiliary lighting means may be provided to increase the amount of sunshine on the lawn, and the auxiliary lighting means may include:
It can be an electric lighting fixture or a mirror that reflects sunlight.

In the apparatus for examining the relationship between the amount of sunlight and the growth of grass according to the present invention, the amount of sunlight applied to the grass through the light-shielding film or from the V-shaped opening varies depending on the location. Can be used to investigate the growth of the lawn. Also, on the lawn in places where sunlight is insufficient,
Irradiation light of an electric lighting fixture or reflected light of sunlight by a mirror can be applied to investigate the growing condition of a lawn.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An apparatus for investigating the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of a lawn according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows an experimental facility 1 to which the present invention is applied. This experimental facility 1 is used for investigating the relationship between sunshine and lawn growth in advance to construct a soccer stadium having a retractable roof, for example. A building 1 that is a related investigation device
1, Building B 12, Building C 13 are built. Further, around it, there are provided a multi-leaf box 14, a measuring hut 15, a water tank 16, a single sowing field 17, an anemometer 18, an anemometer 19, a sprinkler 20, and the like.

The A ridge 11 is formed to be long and narrow so as to cover a lawn 21 planted in a rectangular shape with a predetermined area as shown by a broken line in FIG. 1, and is disposed with its longitudinal direction facing north and south. The A-building 11 is constructed by attaching a plurality of types of light-shielding films 23, 24, and 25 (FIG. 3) having different light transmittances to the frame 22 in this example.

As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 22 is provided with inverted U-shaped columns 30 at both ends in the longitudinal direction. A concrete weight 31 is attached to the lower end of the support 30, and is buried in the ground 32. Also, the support 30
, A plurality of vertical ribs 33 and horizontal ribs 34 are attached at appropriate intervals. Furthermore, the vertical rib 3 of the support 30 on the south side
In the space below the center formed by 3 and the lateral rib 34,
A door 35 is attached. A first light-shielding film 23 having a predetermined height H1 is provided over the entire lower side of the space in the column 30 at a predetermined distance L from the ground 32.
The space above the first light shielding film 23 is open.

As shown in FIG. 3, between the columns 30 on both sides, a cross beam 36 extends over the top and both sides thereof. A large number of reinforcing columns 37 having substantially the same shape as the columns 30 are attached to the cross beams 36 at predetermined intervals. Further, below the space between the columns 30 on both sides, an extension of the above-mentioned first light shielding film 23 is stretched. A second light-shielding film 24 having a height H2 is provided above the first light-shielding film 23, and a third light-shielding film 25 extending to the top is provided above the second light-shielding film 24.

An opening 38 having a predetermined size is provided on the south side of the third light-shielding film 25. As shown in FIG. 4, the opening 38 is provided with a straight portion having a predetermined length from the south end.
Its north end is formed in a V-shape. this is,
This is because the contour contour interval of the amount of sunlight with respect to the lawn 21 is set as far as possible as described later. The length of the opening 38 is about half of the entire A building 11, and the sunlight rays incident thereon irradiate more than half of the lawn 21.

The first light-shielding film 23, the second light-shielding film 24, and the third light-shielding film 25 have different light transmittances. That is, the first light shielding film 23 has a light transmittance of 5%, the second light shielding film 24 has a light transmittance of 15%, and the third light shielding film 25 has a light transmittance of 0%. The reason why the light transmittance of each of the light-shielding films 23 to 25 is changed is assuming an actual soccer stadium with an openable roof as described below.

For example, the roof of an actual soccer stadium has a light transmittance of 13% ± 3% when a fluororesin-coated glass fiber cloth (type A) is used. The fixed roof portion uses this film material in a single layer, but the open / closed roof portion is tripled in the deployed state, and the light transmittance of this portion is very low.

Therefore, the second light-shielding film 24 having a light transmittance of 15% is used for the portion corresponding to the fixed roof of the building A, and the second light-shielding film 24 having the light transmittance of 0% is used for the portion corresponding to the open / close roof. The three light shielding films 25 are used. Further, the first light-shielding film 23 having the same light transmittance as the actual side wall portion is used, and a gap having a height L is provided below the first light-shielding film 23 to improve ventilation.

The lawn 21 is divided into three vegetation areas elongated in the north-south direction, as shown by hatching in FIG. 4, that is, a first vegetation area 85, a second vegetation area 86, and a third vegetation area 87. One mixed seed, two mixed seeds, and three mixed seeds are sown and grown in the vegetation ranges 85 to 87, respectively. One type of mixed sowing is sowing mainly using Kentucky bluegrass, and two types of mixed sowing are sowing mainly using tall fescue.
The seed is mainly Kentucky bluegrass, but mixed seeding 1
Seeding different from seed. These seeds are not only suitable for global environmental characteristics, but also especially against foot pressure, wear resistance,
It is made in consideration of appropriateness such as recovery from injury and negativity.

The vegetation range 85-87 can be divided into two lanes, a normal lane for normal lawn mowing and a stress lane assuming stress during use. The same stress as in use can be created by, for example, once-weekly low cutting with a cutting height of 15 mm and one reciprocation with a 35 kg roller.

A plurality of sprinklers 40 are arranged around the lawn 21 for automatic watering. Also,
30 illuminometers 41 for measuring the illuminance and one global pyranometer 42 for measuring the amount of solar radiation in and around the A-building 11.
(Installed on the roof), two light quantum meters 4 for measuring light intensity
3. Six thermometers 44 are provided for measuring the underground temperature.

Four tensiometers 45 are used for measuring moisture in the ground (the two upper ones in the figure are for 100 mm underground and the other two are for 200 mm underground), and two thermometers are used for measuring the light-shielding film surface temperature. 46 (measured front and back by two), one thermometer 47 for measuring outside air temperature, one hygrometer 48 for measuring relative humidity, one anemometer 18 for measuring wind speed, 1 for measuring wind direction A table anemometer 19 is provided.

Next, the buildings B 12 and C 13 in FIG. 1 will be described. The B ridge 12 is formed to be elongated so as to cover a lawn 60 planted in a rectangular shape with a predetermined area as shown by a broken line in the figure, and is disposed with its longitudinal direction facing north and south.
The B ridge 12 is arranged at an appropriate position so that the shadow does not affect the A ridge 11 and the C ridge 13.

The B-building 12 also comprises a frame 55 with a plurality of types of light-shielding films 23 to 25 stretched in this example, like the A-building. As shown in FIG. 5, the frame 55 is provided with inverted U-shaped columns 61 at both ends in the longitudinal direction. A concrete weight 62 is attached to the lower end of the column 61, and is buried in the ground 32. Also, the support 61
, A plurality of vertical ribs 63 and one horizontal rib 64 are attached at appropriate intervals. The space inside the support column 61 is open.

As shown in FIG. 6, between the columns 61 on both sides, a cross beam 65 is bridged on the top and on both sides thereof. A large number of reinforcing columns 66 having substantially the same shape as the columns 61 are attached to the cross beams 65 at predetermined intervals. A first light-shielding film 23 having a height H3 is provided below the space between the columns 61 on both sides, similarly to the building A. A gap having a height L is provided between the first light shielding film 23 and the ground 32. A second light-shielding film 24 having a height H4 is provided above the first light-shielding film 23, and a third light-shielding film 25 extending to the top is provided above the second light-shielding film 24.

On the south side of the third light-shielding film 25, an opening 67 having a predetermined size is provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the opening 67 is provided with a straight portion having a predetermined length from the south end, and the north end is formed in a V-shape.
This is because the contour contour interval of the sunshine time with respect to the lawn 60 is as far as possible as described above. The opening 67 is approximately half the length of the entire B building 12, and the sunlight incident from the opening 67 is radiated over half or more from the south end of the lawn 60.

The lawn 60 is divided into two vegetation areas elongated in the north-south direction, that is, a fourth vegetation area 68 and a fifth vegetation area 69, as indicated by hatching in FIG.
8 and 69 are both seeded and bred with one mixed seed. This is because one mixed seed will be used for the actual soccer stadium. Here, the fourth vegetation range 68 was a normal lane, and the fifth vegetation range 69 was a stress lane. The way of giving the stress is the same as that of the A building 11.

A plurality of sprinklers 70 are arranged around the lawn 60 for automatic watering. Also,
In the B ridge 12 and its surroundings, there are provided six illuminometers 41 for illuminance measurement, six thermometers 44 for underground temperature measurement, and two tensiometers 45 for underground moisture measurement.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the B-building 12 is provided with an illumination mounting base 71 on the south side of the lawn 60 to irradiate auxiliary lighting to a place where the amount of sunlight on the lawn 60 is insufficient. Four metal halide lamps 72, which are electric lighting devices, are mounted on a lighting mounting base 71. This 4
The average illumination of the two metal halide lamps 72 is 10,000
Lx, which is controlled by a timer.

The C building 13 in FIG. 1 has substantially the same configuration as the B building 12, except that seven metal halide lamps 72 are mounted and the average illuminance is 20,000 Lx. Omitted. This C ridge 13
Are also arranged at appropriate positions so that the shadow does not affect the buildings A 11 and B 12.

Next, a method of investigating the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of grass using this experimental facility 1 will be described.
In this experimental facility 1, a primary experiment and a secondary experiment are performed.
The primary experiment is conducted using Building A, and the secondary experiment is conducted using Building B 12 and Building C 13.

In the first experiment, the influence of the amount of sunshine on the lawn 21 is confirmed by an experiment, and the amount of sunshine necessary for the lawn 21 to grow to a satisfactory level as a sports turf is confirmed, and the amount of sunshine is measured. The difference in the degree of growth of the lawn 21 due to the difference (the range of insufficient sunlight) is confirmed. This one
The next experiment will be performed throughout the year.

In the first experiment, the illuminance of each part is measured for one year, and a distribution map of the amount of sunlight is created as shown in FIG. FIG. 7A shows the amount of sunshine at the winter solstice, FIG. 8B shows the amount of sunshine on the spring equinox and autumn equinox, and FIG. 9C shows the amount of sunshine at the winter solstice. From this distribution map, it is possible to predict the amount of sunshine in an actual soccer stadium and a place where the amount of sunshine is insufficient.

Therefore, the result of the primary experiment can be used as a material for predicting the actual situation of the lawn of the soccer stadium. In addition, in a place where it is determined in the primary experiment that the amount of sunlight required to grow the lawn 21 to a predetermined level is insufficient, measures such as auxiliary lighting are set up, and the effect is confirmed in a secondary experiment.

In the secondary experiment, as described above, when constructing an actual soccer stadium, a measure is taken for a place where the required amount of sunlight is less than that confirmed in the primary experiment, and the effect of this measure is confirmed. As countermeasures against this, it is conceivable to increase the amount of sunshine using auxiliary lighting by electric lighting equipment, and to increase the amount of sunshine using reflected light of sunlight by a mirror. In this example, it is possible to confirm the effect when the electric lighting fixture is used.

That is, the metal halide lamps 72 (FIG. 8) of the B building 12 and the C building 13 are turned on for a predetermined time in a predetermined cycle to assist the place where the amount of sunlight irradiated on the lawn 60 is insufficient. Investigate the growth situation by illuminating the lighting and confirm the effect of the auxiliary lighting. The results of this secondary experiment can be applied to an actual soccer stadium.

The experimental apparatus 1 is constructed by the lawn 2 as described above.
The first light-shielding film 23, the second light-shielding film 24, and the third light-shielding film having different light transmittances in the A building 11, the B building 12, and the C building 13 so that the amount of sunlight applied to 1, 60 changes stepwise depending on the place. Since 25 is set, the relationship between the amount of sunlight and the growth of the lawns 21 and 60 can be examined in detail.

Further, since at least the front end portions of the roofs of the buildings 11 to 13 are provided with V-shaped openings 38 and 67, the interval between contour lines indicating the amount of sunlight increases, and the difference in the amount of sunlight increases. It can be detected clearly. Furthermore, since the metal halide lamp 72 of the electric lighting fixture is installed in the B building 12 and the C building 13 as auxiliary lighting means, the effect of the auxiliary lighting on insufficient sunlight can be easily confirmed.

In this embodiment, the case where the electric lighting fixture is used has been described as a countermeasure against the insufficient amount of sunshine. The effect when used as can also be confirmed.

[0038]

As described above, according to the apparatus for examining the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of lawns according to the present invention, the apparatus is provided through various types of light-shielding films having different light transmittances provided on the frame or on the ceiling. In addition, since the amount of sunlight radiated to the lawn through the V-shaped opening at least at the tip end varies stepwise depending on the location, the relationship between the amount of sunlight and the growth of the lawn can be examined in detail. Further, the difference in the amount of sunlight can be clearly detected because the interval between contour lines indicating the amount of sunlight increases due to the V-shaped opening at the tip end. Further, since the electric lighting device or the mirror is provided as the auxiliary lighting means, the effect of irradiating the lawn with the auxiliary lighting on a place where the amount of sunshine is insufficient can be easily checked.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an apparatus for investigating the relationship between the amount of sunshine and the growth of a lawn according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an electric lighting fixture.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a difference in the amount of sunlight in each season.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Experimental equipment 11 Building A (device for investigating the relationship between sunshine and lawn growth) 12 Building B (device for investigating the relationship between sunshine and lawn growth) 13 Building C (device for investigating the relationship between sunlight and lawn growth) 21, 60 lawn 22, 55 skeleton 23 first light-shielding film 24 second light-shielding film 25 third light-shielding film 38, 67 V-shaped opening 72 Metal halide lamp (electric lighting equipment)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Nakata 2-10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Maeda Corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A dome-shaped frame is provided on a lawn, a plurality of types of light-shielding films having different light transmittances are provided on the frame, and the amount of sunlight irradiated on the lawn is changed depending on a place. A survey device capable of examining the relationship between the amount and the growth of the lawn, wherein at least the tip has a V-shaped opening in the light-shielding film stretched on the ceiling of the skeleton. Investigation device for relationship between sunshine and lawn growth. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising auxiliary lighting means for increasing the amount of sunshine on the lawn. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary lighting means is an electric lighting fixture or a mirror for reflecting sunlight.
A device for investigating the relationship between the amount of sunlight and the growth of lawn described in.