JPH10132511A - Monitoring device for remaining quantity of stock coal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately measure the quantity of remaining coal in a coal preservatory at a mass-base. SOLUTION: An light wave sending-receiving apparatus 1 is arranged in a coal preservatory, and the height of a storing layer of a coal 3 is measured through the transmission of a light pulse 2 and the reception of a reflected light pulse, and in addition, an electromagnetic wave sending-receiving apparatus 5 which sends and receives an electromagnetic wave 6 being longer in wavelength than the light is arranged in the coal preservatory, and sends the electromagnetic wave 6 and receives the reflected electromagnetic wave to measure a density inside the stored coal 3 on the above sending and receiving. The height of the whole range of the storing layer of the coal 3 is measured through a volume computer 4 by longitudinally and laterally scanning the light wave sending-receiving apparatus 1, and the volume of the stored coal 3 is computed on a scanning direction and the above height. The density of the whole range of the storing layer of the coal 3 is measured through a density distribution computer 7 by longitudinally and laterally scanning the electromagnetic wave sending-receiving apparatus 5, and the quantity of storing layer at a mass base is obtained through a mass computer 8 by multiplying the volume by the density of coal at each position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for monitoring a remaining amount of coal storage, which is useful for mass-based monitoring of residual coal in a coal storage at a coal-fired thermal power plant or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a coal-fired thermal power plant, the amount of coal used is very strictly controlled. When coal is transported by ship or truck, the mass of the coal reservoir must be measured.

With reference to FIG. 5, a conventional technique for measuring the remaining coal amount will be described. In FIG. 5, 1 denotes an optical transducer, 2 denotes an optical pulse, 3 denotes coal in a coal storage, and 4 denotes a volume calculator. When the optical pulse 2 is emitted from the optical transmitter / receiver 1, the optical pulse 2 is reflected by the coal 3 in the coal storage, returned to the optical transmitter / receiver 1, and received. In the optical transmitter / receiver 1, the time difference between the emission time of the optical pulse 2 and the reception time
Find the distance to In the volume calculator 4, the optical transducer 1
, The launch direction of the light pulse 2, and the distance to the coal 3, the position P (x,
y, z). Then, when the emission direction of the light pulse 2 is scanned over the entire area of the coal reservoir, the shape of the entire coal 3 can be determined. This is converted into a volume, and the residual coal is determined from the average density of the coal measured in advance. Calculate the mass of the quantity.

[0004]

However, the density inside the coal reservoir changes several times depending on the height and the piled state. Therefore, when the average density measured in advance is used as in the conventional technique, the measurement error of the residual carbon mass is more than doubled.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional technology, and its purpose is to measure the density inside a coal storage layer,
An object of the present invention is to provide a coal storage remaining amount monitoring device capable of accurately measuring the remaining coal mass.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, (1) a coal storage remaining amount monitoring device according to claim 1 emits an optical pulse toward coal in a coal storage yard and receives a reflected optical pulse. Optical transmitter and receiver, means for measuring the height of the coal storage layer based on the time difference between the emission time and the reception time of the light pulse,
An electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver that emits an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than light toward the coal in the coal storage and receives the reflected electromagnetic wave, and stores the coal based on the reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave and the time difference between the emission time and the reception time. Means for measuring the density inside the layer;
Means for measuring the height and density of the entire coal storage layer by scanning the emission direction of the light pulse and the electromagnetic wave over the entire coal storage layer, and obtaining a mass-based remaining coal storage based on the emission direction, height, and density. It is characterized by. (2) An apparatus for monitoring the remaining amount of coal storage according to claim 2, comprising: an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver that emits an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than light toward the coal in the coal storage and receives the reflected electromagnetic wave; Means for measuring the height and internal density of the coal storage layer based on the reflection intensity and the time difference between the launch time and the reception time, and the height and density of the entire coal storage layer by scanning the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave over the entire coal storage layer. , And a means for calculating the mass-based remaining coal storage from the firing direction, height and density.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The principle of the present invention will be described. (A) When a certain type of electromagnetic wave is applied to the coal reservoir, the surface and inside of the coal reservoir have different reflection intensities depending on the density of coal,
The light propagates inside while being partially reflected. (B) Then, for example, when an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than light is emitted from an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver and applied to the coal storage layer, the electromagnetic wave propagates to the inside while partially reflecting on the surface and inside of the storage layer. Go. The reflected electromagnetic wave returns to the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver and is received. In this case, by measuring the relationship between the various densities of coal and the reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave in advance, the density at an arbitrary reflection point can be obtained from the reflection intensity based on this relationship. Each reflection point can be obtained from the position of the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver, the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the distance from the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver to the reflection point. (Time difference between time and reception time). Therefore, by scanning the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave in two directions, it is possible to measure the density distribution of coal in the entire coal storage area. (C) If the density distribution of the coal is known, the mass of the entire coal reservoir can be obtained by calculation from the density distribution and the volume of the coal reservoir. (D) As in the past, the volume of the coal reservoir is determined by using the fact that when an optical pulse is emitted from the optical transmitter / receiver and applied to the coal reservoir, the distance is determined from the time difference from emission to reception, and the emission direction of the optical pulse By scanning over the entire reservoir area. (E) Also, the volume of the coal storage layer can be determined by using an electromagnetic wave having a longer wavelength than the above-described light, instead of the light pulse. In other words, the density of air and the density of coal are different and can be distinguished from each other.The density of coal at the bottom of the coal yard and the density of coal are also different and can be distinguished from each other. When measuring, the position, that is, the height of the surface of the coal storage layer can be measured from the difference in density. Therefore, by scanning the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave over the entire area of the coal storage layer, the volume of the coal storage layer can be obtained.

Next, in the coal storage remaining amount monitoring apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, an optical transmitter / receiver is arranged in a coal storage, and transmits an optical pulse and receives a reflected optical pulse. A means for measuring the height of the coal reservoir and an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver for transmitting / receiving electromagnetic waves longer in wavelength than light are arranged in the coal storage yard,
Means for transmitting the electromagnetic waves and measuring the density inside the stored coal based on the reception of the reflected electromagnetic waves, and the optical transmitter / receiver and the electromagnetic transmitter / receiver in the vertical and horizontal directions. The height and density of the entire coal storage area are measured by scanning, the volume is calculated from the scanning direction and the height, and the volume is multiplied by the density at each position to obtain the mass-based storage amount of coal. Ask for.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for monitoring the remaining amount of coal stored, comprising an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver for transmitting / receiving an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than that of light, and transmitting and reflecting the electromagnetic wave. Means for measuring the height and the internal density of the coal reservoir based on the reception of the electromagnetic wave, by scanning the electromagnetic transducer vertically and horizontally, the height and density of the entire coal reservoir area Is measured, the volume is calculated from the scanning direction and the height, and the volume is multiplied by the density at each position to obtain the mass-based storage amount of coal.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a coal storage remaining amount monitoring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows an example of a configuration of an optical transducer in the apparatus of the first embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 4 shows the operation of the first device.
4 shows a configuration example of an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver in the apparatus of the embodiment. Also,
FIG. 6 shows a configuration of a coal storage remaining amount monitoring apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

First, an outline of a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, 1 is an optical transducer, 2 is an optical pulse, 3
Represents coal in a coal yard, 4 represents a volume calculator, 5 represents an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver, 6 represents an electromagnetic wave, 7 represents a density distribution calculator, and 8 represents a mass calculator.

Optical pulse 2 emitted from optical transducer 1
Is reflected by the coal 3 in the coal storage, returned to the optical transmitter / receiver 1, and received. The optical transmitter / receiver 1 determines the distance to the coal 3 from the time from when the optical pulse 2 is emitted until it returns (return time: the time difference between the emission time and the reception time).
The volume calculator 4 obtains the position of the coal 3 hit by the light pulse 2 from the position of the light transmitter / receiver 1, the emission direction of the light pulse 2, and the distance to the coal 3. Further, when the light pulse 2 is scanned over the entire coal yard, the shape of the entire coal 3 can be known. Therefore, the volume calculator 4 gives a command to the optical transducer 1 to scan the emission direction of the light pulse 2 in the vertical and horizontal directions. Then, the shape of the entire coal 3 is obtained and converted into a volume.

The electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 emits an electromagnetic wave 6 having a longer wavelength than light. As an example of this kind of electromagnetic wave, one of several tens NHz to several GHz of underground exploration is used. The electromagnetic wave 6 emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 propagates inside the coal while partially reflecting on the surface and inside of the coal 3. The electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 receives the electromagnetic wave 6 reflected on the surface and inside of the coal 3 and returns until the electromagnetic wave 6 returns (return time: the time difference between the emission time and the reception time), and the position of the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5. From the direction, direction, and reflection intensity, the electromagnetic wave 6
The density of the coal 3 on the route of is calculated. The density distribution calculator 7 gives a command to the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 to scan the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave 6 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and measures the density distribution of the entire coal 3.

The mass calculator 8 calculates the measurement result (volume) of the volume calculator 4 and the measurement result (density distribution) of the density distribution calculator 7.
Then, the mass of the coal 3 in the entire coal storage is calculated by multiplying the volume by the density at each position.

Next, the details of the volume calculation will be described with reference to FIGS. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the optical transmitter / receiver 1 is an optical transmitter 9, an optical receiver 10, a half mirror 11, a mirror controller 12, a mirror 13, and a distance calculator 1
4. When the optical transmitter 9 emits the light pulse 2, the light pulse 2 passes through the half mirror 11, is reflected by the mirror 13 and hits the surface of the coal 3, and the reflected light pulse is reflected by the mirror 13 and the half mirror 11, respectively. The light enters the optical receiver 10 after being reflected. The distance calculator 14 calculates the distance L between the optical transmitter / receiver 1 and the coal 3 from the following equation 1 based on the time difference between when the optical pulse 2 exits the optical transmitter 9 and returns to the optical receiver 10. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, assuming that a time difference from the emission time of the optical pulse 2 to the reception time is t, the distance L is expressed by the following equation (1).

[0016]

L = ct / 2 where c is the speed of light

Strictly, processing such as subtracting the time during which the optical pulse 2 is flying inside the optical transducer 1 is performed.

In this embodiment, the volume calculator 4 generates the light pulse 2
The emission direction of the light pulse 2 is scanned over the entire coal storage yard by giving a command to the mirror controller 12 to change the direction (angle) of the mirror 13. The firing direction is defined by, for example, an angle θ in a horizontal plane and an angle ψ in a vertical plane, and changes these angles θ and ψ.

In the volume calculator 4, the emission direction (θ, ψ) of the light pulse 2, the distance L obtained by the distance calculator 14, and the position (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the optical transducer 1 stored in advance. ,
The height of the coal reservoir is determined from z ₀ ). For example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the light pulse 2 is applied to the surface P (x, y,
z), the emission direction of the light pulse 2 at that time is θ in the horizontal direction, ψ in the vertical direction, and the distance calculated by the distance calculator 14 is L, x, y, z of the surface P of the coal 3
The coordinates are obtained as the following equations (2), (3) and (4).

[0020]

X = x ₀ + Lcos θ · sinψ

[Equation 3] y = y ₀ + L sin θ · sinψ

## EQU4 ## z = z ₀ −Lcosψ

As for the height measurement of the coal reservoir, FIG.
As shown in (b), a height standard having a height z _b may be set around the coal storage yard, and the difference between the standard height z _b and the height z of the coal surface P may be obtained. .

In this way, the light pulse 2 is changed to, for example, 10
total coal storage in cm square interval is scanned, each coordinate of each scan _{P i (x i, y i} , z i) from by determining the height h _i of coal 3 each part volume of the coal storage residual carbon V can be obtained by the following equation (5).

[0023]

[Number 5] _{V = Σ0.1 × 0.1 × h i} [m 3]

Since the optical transmitter / receiver 1 cannot measure the shape of the coal 3 on the back side of the mountain, it is preferable to emit the optical pulse 2 from above the coal storage and measure the height as much as possible.

Next, details of the density distribution calculation will be described with reference to FIG. In the example shown in FIG.
Is composed of an antenna 15, an electromagnetic wave transmitter 16, an electromagnetic wave receiver 17, an antenna controller 18, and a distance density calculator 19. These basic operations are the same as those of the optical transmitter / receiver 1, and the electromagnetic transmitter 16 transmits the antenna 15
Is reflected on the surface and inside of the coal 3, returns to the antenna 15, and receives the electromagnetic wave receiver 17.
Is received by In the distance density calculator 19, as in Equation 1,
The distance from the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 to each reflection point is calculated from the time difference between the emission time and the reception time of the electromagnetic wave 6. Further, the distance density calculator 19 obtains the density of the coal 3 at each distance from the relationship between the density of the coal and the reflection intensity measured in advance using the reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave at each distance.

Strictly, a correction process such as a time delay in the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 is performed.

In the present embodiment, the density distribution calculator 7 determines and controls the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave 6. By giving a command to the antenna controller 18 to change the emission direction (angle) of the antenna 15, the electromagnetic wave 6 is emitted. The launch direction of 6 is scanned across the coal yard. The firing direction is defined by, for example, an angle θ in a horizontal plane and an angle ψ in a vertical plane, and changes these angles θ and ψ. By scanning the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave 6 in two directions by the antenna controller 18 in this way, the density distribution computer 7 obtains the entire coal storage yard from the relationship between the distance and the density in each emission direction obtained by the distance density calculator 19. Calculate the density distribution at.

As a method for increasing the measurement resolution of the density distribution of coal, the density distribution of coal is measured from a plurality of directions by moving the antenna 15 or installing a plurality of antennas 15 to measure the density of each coal. By correlating the distribution, the resolution of the density can be increased.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus for monitoring the remaining amount of coal stored in the present embodiment includes an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5, a density distribution calculator 7,
It comprises a mass calculator 8 and a volume calculator 20. The electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 includes an antenna 15, an electromagnetic wave transmitter 16, an electromagnetic wave receiver 17, an antenna controller 18, and a distance density calculator 19.

The basic operation of the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment. The electromagnetic wave 6 emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmitter 16 via the antenna 15 is reflected on the surface and inside of the coal 3. , And returns to the antenna 15 to be received by the electromagnetic wave receiver 17. The distance density calculator 19 calculates the distance from the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 to each reflection point from the time difference between the emission and reception of the electromagnetic wave 6. In addition, the distance density calculator 19 obtains the density of the coal 3 at each distance from the relationship between the density of the coal and the reflection intensity measured in advance using the reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave at each distance.

Also in this embodiment, it is assumed that the density distribution computer 7 determines and controls the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave 6. By giving a command to the antenna controller 18 to change the emission direction (angle) of the antenna 15, the electromagnetic wave 6 is emitted. Scan in two directions. The launch direction is defined, for example, by an angle θ in a horizontal plane and an angle ψ in a vertical plane. By scanning in the electromagnetic wave emission direction, the density distribution calculator 7 calculates the density distribution in the entire coal storage yard from the relationship between the distance and the density in each emission direction obtained by the distance density calculator 19.

In the density measurement by the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5, the density of air and the density of coal can be distinguished. If the bottom of the coal storage yard is made of concrete or the like and the density is known in advance, the bottom And coal can also be distinguished. That is, the height of the coal storage layer can be obtained using the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5.

Therefore, the volume calculator 20 determines the height, and thus the volume, of the coal storage layer from the density distribution of the entire coal storage yard determined by the density distribution computer 7.

The mass calculator 8 multiplies the volume by the density at each position based on the measurement result (volume) of the volume calculator 20 and the measurement result (density distribution) of the density distribution computer 7 to obtain the coal 3 in the entire coal yard. Calculate the mass.

As described above, since the optical transmitter / receiver 1 cannot measure the shape of the backside of the pile of coal 3, it was necessary to measure the height from just above the coal storage as much as possible. However, since the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 can distinguish between the density of air and the density of coal, the shape of the backside of the mountain can also be measured.
The coal storage remaining amount monitoring apparatus of the present embodiment has an advantage that it is not necessary to select an installation place.

In the first and second embodiments, an example of an electromagnetic wave emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 5 is from several tens of NHz to several GHz, but the present invention is not limited to this. As long as the electromagnetic waves are reflected at different intensities according to the density of the coal, light or light having a shorter wavelength than light can be used. Therefore, (1) an optical transmitter / receiver that emits an optical pulse toward the coal in the coal storage and receives the reflected optical pulse, and based on the time difference between the emission time and the reception time of the light pulse, Means for measuring the height, an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver that emits electromagnetic waves reflected at different intensities according to the density of the coal toward the coal in the coal storage and receives the reflected electromagnetic waves, and a reflection intensity of the electromagnetic waves Means for measuring the density inside the coal seam based on the time difference between the launch time and the reception time, and measuring the height and density of the entire coal seam by scanning the emission direction of the light pulse and the electromagnetic wave over the entire coal seam. In addition, the coal storage remaining amount monitoring device may be constituted by means for obtaining the mass storage remaining amount based on the launch direction, the height and the density, and (2) the coal stored in the coal storage yard according to the density of the coal. Light reflected at different intensities An electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver that emits a wave and receives the reflected electromagnetic wave, and a unit that measures the height and internal density of the coal storage layer based on the reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave and the time difference between the emission time and the reception time, The height and density of the entire coal storage layer are measured by scanning the direction of emission of the electromagnetic wave over the entire coal storage layer, and a coal storage remaining amount monitoring device is configured by means for obtaining a mass-based coal storage remaining amount from the launch direction, height and density. You may do it.

[0037]

As described above, according to the coal storage remaining amount monitoring apparatus of the present invention, in addition to the measurement of the volume of the entire coal storage,
Since the density distribution of coal can be determined by actual measurement using electromagnetic waves, it is possible to accurately measure the mass of residual coal in the coal storage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a coal storage remaining amount monitoring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an optical transducer.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of volume calculation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional volume monitoring technique in a coal storage yard.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a coal storage remaining amount monitoring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical transmitter / receiver 2 Optical pulse 3 Coal 4 Volume calculator 5 Electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver 6 Electromagnetic wave 7 Density distribution calculator 8 Mass calculator 9 Optical transmitter 10 Optical receiver 11 Half mirror 12 Mirror controller 13 Mirror 14 Distance calculator 15 Antenna Reference Signs List 16 electromagnetic wave transmitter 17 electromagnetic wave receiver 18 antenna controller 19 distance density calculator 20 volume calculator

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tomoyoshi Baba 5-717-1, Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Sanishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An optical transmitter / receiver that emits an optical pulse toward coal in a coal storage and receives a reflected optical pulse, and a coal storage layer based on a time difference between the emission time and the reception time of the optical pulse. A means for measuring the height, an electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver for emitting an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than light toward the coal in the coal yard and receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave, a reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave, an emission time, and a reception time. Means for measuring the density inside the coal bed based on the time difference of the wave time, and measuring the height and density of the entire coal bed by scanning the emission direction of the light pulse and the electromagnetic wave over the entire coal bed, the launch direction, An apparatus for monitoring the remaining amount of coal stored, comprising means for obtaining a remaining amount of coal based on mass from height and density. 2. An electromagnetic wave transmitter / receiver for emitting an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than light toward coal in a coal storage and receiving a reflected electromagnetic wave, a reflection intensity of the electromagnetic wave, and a time difference between the emission time and the reception time. Means for measuring the height and internal density of the coal storage layer based on, and the height and density of the entire coal storage layer is measured by scanning the emission direction of the electromagnetic wave over the entire coal storage layer, and the emission direction, height and An apparatus for monitoring the remaining amount of coal storage, comprising means for obtaining a remaining amount of coal based on mass from a density.