JPH10132235A - Waste disposing apparatus with cooler - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a fear of leaking low oxygen gas in a cooler to a separator side without fear of leaking the external air into a thermal decomposition reactor by stably improving sealability for the external atmosphere at both an inlet and an outlet of the cooler. SOLUTION: Sealing means 30, 34 for shutting off the inner and outer atmospheres are respectively provided at an inlet 10 and an outlet 11 of a cooler. The means 30, 34 are formed of delivering units 32, 36 of material seals 31, 35 structures utilizing thermal decomposition residue (b) itself to be fed forward. That is, the residue (b) is fed forward while holding the seals 31, 35 states of the means 30, 34. The unit 32 is formed of a screw conveyor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste disposal apparatus, and more particularly to general waste and industrial waste (general waste such as municipal waste from homes and offices, waste plastic, car shredder dust, waste). Including combustible materials such as industrial waste such as office equipment, electronic equipment, and chemical products)
Is heated to generate a carbonized gas and a pyrolysis residue, and a combustible component and a carbonized gas separated from the pyrolysis residue are introduced into a combustor, and the carbonized gas and the combustible component are burned in the combustor. The present invention relates to a waste disposal apparatus configured to perform such treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional example of an apparatus for treating general waste such as municipal solid waste and combustible materials such as waste plastic, there is, for example, German Patent Publication No. 37570.
4.8, German Patent Publication No. 3811820.3 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-56253. In these conventional examples, the waste is put into a pyrolysis reactor and heated under a low oxygen condition to be pyrolyzed to generate a dry distillation gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components. Is separated into a combustible component and a non-combustible component (for example, metal, ceramics, etc.) in the separator. Then, the combustible component and the carbonization gas are introduced into the combustor, and the combustion treatment is performed in the combustor.

[0003] In such a waste treatment apparatus, the thermal decomposition in the thermal decomposition reactor is carried out, for example, at 300 ° C to 600 ° C.
C., usually at a relatively high temperature range of about 450.degree.
Therefore, the pyrolysis products (dry distillation gas and pyrolysis residue) discharged from the pyrolysis reactor are also at this relatively high temperature. The high-temperature pyrolysis residue is guided to a cooling device and cooled to a level that does not cause a problem even when exposed to the atmosphere. However, the cooling in the cooling device is mainly performed by the above-described combustible components of the pyrolysis residue. Since it is carbon, it is cooled in a low oxygen atmosphere to prevent the oxidation reaction of the carbon. This low oxygen atmosphere is formed by introducing low oxygen gas such as exhaust gas from a combustor or nitrogen gas into the cooling device.

[0004] The inlet of the cooling device is connected to a discharge device serving as an outlet of the pyrolysis reactor. A seal is provided at this communication portion, and air is introduced from the outside into the negative pressure pyrolysis reactor. It does not leak. As the sealing means, there has been proposed a structure in which two sliding gates are alternately opened and closed to send a pyrolysis residue from the pyrolysis reactor into the cooling device. The cooling device outlet is connected to a bucket conveyor of the separation device in the atmosphere.

[0005]

However, the sealing means consisting of two sliding gates has a problem that a part of the pyrolysis residue adheres to the sliding gate and hinders the opening and closing thereof.
There was a risk of impairing the sealing performance of the external air. In addition, there is a possibility that the sliding gate is worn over time and the sealing performance is reduced. Therefore, it was necessary to always inspect and maintain the sliding gate and maintain its open / closed state satisfactorily. Further, the pyrolysis residue discharged from the discharging device is approximately 45%.
Since the gas is discharged at a high temperature of 0 ° C., the slide gate and other parts may be thermally deformed, and this may impair the sealing performance of the external air.

Although the outlet of the cooling device is connected to the separation device under the atmosphere, there is a possibility that the low oxygen gas in the cooling device may leak to the separation device side. However, there is an unfavorable problem in the working environment because of the lack of oxygen.

An object of the present invention is to stably improve the sealing performance with respect to the external atmosphere at both the inlet and the outlet of the cooling device, so that there is no possibility that external air leaks into the pyrolysis reactor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste treatment device in which low oxygen gas in a cooling device does not leak to the device side.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a pyrolysis method in which waste is heated and pyrolyzed to produce a carbonization gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components. A reactor, a discharge device for separating and discharging the dry distillation gas and the pyrolysis residue, a cooling device for cooling the pyrolysis residue discharged from the discharge device in a low oxygen atmosphere, and cooling by the cooling device. A separation device for separating the separated pyrolysis residue into a combustible component and a non-combustible component, and taking in the dry distillation gas from the discharge device and the combustible component from the separation device to obtain the dry distillation gas and the combustible component. And a combustor that burns the waste gas, wherein the cooling device is provided with sealing means for shutting off the inside and outside atmosphere at an inlet and an outlet of the pyrolysis residue, and the sealing means is provided at the front. Pyrolysis residue sent It is characterized in that itself consists delivery device material seal structure to the blocking member. According to the above configuration, since both the inlet and the outlet of the cooling device are provided with a sealing means including a delivery device having a material seal structure used as a blocking member for isolating the pyrolysis residue itself from the external atmosphere, The sealing performance against the external atmosphere is improved as compared with the sliding gate structure, so that the external air leaks into the pyrolysis reactor, and the low oxygen gas in the cooling device leaks out to the separator side. Can be prevented. Moreover, since the seal has a material seal structure, the sealability is stable over time. According to another aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the delivery device of the sealing means is a screw conveyor or a pusher. According to this configuration, the structure can be simplified and the sealing property can be improved. The cooling means of the cooling device can be configured as follows. First, a nozzle is provided outside the body, and cooling water is sprayed from the nozzle onto the outer surface of the body. Secondly, a water tank storing cooling water is arranged below the body, and at least a lower part of the body is immersed in the cooling water. Third, a cooling pipe is arranged inside the body, and cooling water is supplied to the cooling pipe. Fourth, the body has at least a double shell structure, and cooling water is supplied into a gap formed between the shells. In addition, control means for detecting the temperature of the pyrolysis residue supplied into the body from the discharge device and controlling the amount of the cooling water based on the detected temperature may be provided.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a waste treatment apparatus having a cooling device according to the present invention. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a waste supply device that supplies waste a containing combustibles such as municipal waste into the pyrolysis reactor 2. The pyrolysis reactor 2 is usually a horizontal rotary drum, and the inside thereof is maintained in a low-oxygen atmosphere at a negative pressure by a sealing mechanism (not shown), and a heat exchanger ( (Not shown), heated air is supplied from a line L1.
Usually, it is heated to about 450 ° C. Then, the waste a supplied from the waste supply device 1 is thermally decomposed in the pyrolysis reactor 2 to generate the dry distillation gas G1 and mainly the non-volatile pyrolysis residue b. The pyrolysis gas G1 and pyrolysis residue b generated in the pyrolysis reactor 2 are separated by the discharge device 3, and the pyrolysis gas G1 is passed through the line L2 to the combustor 4
Is supplied to the burner 5.

On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue b is supplied to a cooling device 6, where it is cooled and then supplied to a separation device 7 under the atmosphere. The pyrolysis residue b is composed of a non-combustible component such as metal and ceramics and a combustible component mainly composed of carbon. The pyrolysis residue b supplied to the cooling device 6 has a relatively high temperature of about 450 ° C. Therefore, there is a fear that an oxidation reaction may occur when it comes into contact with the atmosphere. To prevent this, a part of the exhaust gas G2 is supplied from the line L3 to the cooling device 6 as a low oxygen gas in this example, and the inside of the cooling device 6 is kept in a low oxygen atmosphere.

Here, details of the cooling device 6 are shown in FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling device 6 includes a substantially cylindrical body 9 having a spiral fin 8 therein, and an inlet 10 connected to the discharge device 3 at one end of the body 9. The other end is provided with an outlet 11 connected to the separation device 7. The body 9 is rotatably supported on support rollers 12 and 13, and the driving torque of a driving device (for example, a motor) 14 is applied to the chain 1.
5 by being transmitted through the motor.

The inlet 10 of the cooling device is provided with a sealing means 30 for shutting off the atmosphere inside and outside. The sealing means 30 isolates and blocks the pyrolysis residue b itself sent from the outside from the outside air. Is formed by a delivery device 32 having a material seal 31 structure used as a shut-off member. In this example, the sending device 32 is formed by a screw conveyor or a pusher. A driving motor 33 operates a screw conveyor or a pusher by the driving motor 33 to send the pyrolysis residue b from the discharge device 3 to the cooling device 6 while maintaining the material sealing state. A level sensor (not shown) is provided to maintain the material seal state.

The outlet section 11 of the cooling device is also provided with sealing means 34 for shutting off the atmosphere inside and outside, and the sealing means 3
4 is also formed by a delivery device 36 having a material seal 35 structure used as a blocking member for isolating and blocking the pyrolysis residue b itself sent from the outside to the outside atmosphere. In the present example, the delivery device 36 is also formed by a screw conveyor or a pusher. Reference numeral 37 denotes a drive motor for operating a screw conveyor or a pusher. Further, a level sensor (not shown) is provided similarly to the inlet section 10 so that the pyrolysis residue b is sent from the cooling device 6 to the separation device 7 while maintaining the material sealing state.

In this embodiment, planting members 16 are erected on the sides of the body 9 of the cooling device, and the planting members 16 are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the body 9. A plurality of nozzles 17 are arranged. All of these nozzles 17 are connected to a cooling water line L4, and the cooling water W1 in a water tank 18 is pressurized by a pump 19 and jetted from the nozzle 17 to the outer surface of the body 9. Line L3
, The exhaust gas G2 is supplied as described above, and the inside of the cooling device 6 is maintained in a low oxygen atmosphere. This exhaust gas G2 is discharged from the upper part of the outlet part 11 to the outside of the cooling device 6,
The air is discharged from the chimney 27 to the atmosphere via a dedicated dust collector (not shown) or a common device for local ventilation. The support rollers 12 and 13, the driving device 14, the planting member 16, and the like are fixed on the base 20. Reference numeral 21 denotes a water tank.

Next, the operation of the waste disposal apparatus having the above configuration will be described. 1 to 3, when a pyrolysis residue b having a temperature of about 450 ° C. is supplied from the inlet portion 10 into the cooling device 6 while maintaining the state of the material seal 31 by the sealing means 30, the pyrolysis residue b The object b is transferred from the inlet 10 to the outlet 11 while being mixed and stirred by the spiral fin 8 rotating together with the body 9. At this time, since the outer surface of the body 9 is cooled by the cooling water W1 sprayed from the nozzle 7, the pyrolysis residue b inside the body 9 is sufficiently cooled and is lower than the temperature at which the oxidation reaction occurs, for example, 80 ° C or lower. Is cooled. Then, the pyrolysis residue b is supplied from the outlet 11 to the separation device 7 while maintaining the state of the material seal 35 by the sealing means 34,
Here, in the atmosphere, non-combustible components c such as metals and ceramics and combustible components d such as carbon are separated, and the combustible components d are sent to the burner 5 of the combustor 4 via a line L5. Thus, the inlet 10 and the outlet 11 of the cooling device 6
In both cases, the sealing means 30, 34, which are composed of delivery devices 32, 36 having a material seal structure used as a blocking member for isolating and blocking the pyrolysis residue b itself from the external atmosphere.
Is provided, the sealing performance against the external atmosphere is improved as compared with the sliding gate structure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent external air from leaking from the inlet portion 10 to the pyrolysis reactor 2 side, and further to prevent low oxygen gas in the cooling device from leaking from the outlet portion 11 to the separation device 7 side.
Moreover, this sealing property is stable over time because of the material sealing structure.

The combustible component d sent to the burner 5 is combusted in the combustor 4 together with the carbonization gas G1 by the air e sent from the blower 22 here. The combustor 4 is generally referred to as a melting furnace.
The combustion ash is burned at a high temperature of about 300 ° C., and the combustion ash becomes molten slag and falls into the water tank 23 and solidifies. On the other hand, the combustion gas G3 in the combustor 4 flows through the exhaust gas line L6, and is recovered by the heat exchanger (not shown) and the waste heat boiler 24 arranged on the upstream side of the waste heat boiler 24. After the dust is removed at 25 and 26, the air is discharged from the chimney 27 to the atmosphere. Reference numeral 28 in the figure denotes a generator operated by a steam turbine.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the cooling means is different from that of FIG. Since the sealing means 30 and 34 are the same as in the example of FIG. 2, their parts are omitted in FIG. In this example, a water tank 29 is provided at the lower part of the body 9, and the cooling water W <b> 2 is stored in the water tank 29. The lower portion of the body 9 is located below the water level WL of the cooling water W2, that is, the lower portion of the body 9 is immersed in the cooling water W2. Further, a cooling water line L7 having a pump 40 and a cooler 41 is connected to the water tank 29, and the cooling water W2 in the water tank 29 is circulated through the cooling water line L7 by the pump 40. The timing of circulating the cooling water W2 is determined by the signal V1 from the temperature detector 42. That is, when the cooling water W2 reaches a predetermined temperature or higher,
The temperature detector 42 detects this fact and outputs a signal V1 to operate the pump 40, circulate the cooling water W2, and cool the cooling water W2. Thereby, the temperature of the cooling water W2 can be constantly maintained at a predetermined temperature or lower, and the thermal decomposition residue b in the body 9 can be effectively cooled.

As equipment for cooling the thermal decomposition residue b in the fuselage 9, in addition to the above-described equipment, a cooling pipe may be provided inside the fuselage 9 to supply cooling water to the cooling pipe, or At least a double shell structure (jacket method)
The cooling water may be supplied into a gap formed between the shells.

[0019]

As described above, according to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, both the inlet and the outlet of the cooling device are used as a blocking member for isolating the pyrolysis residue itself from the external atmosphere. Since the sealing means including the delivery device having the material seal structure is provided, the sealing performance against the external atmosphere is improved as compared with the slide gate structure. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the external air from leaking into the thermal decomposition reactor, and prevent the low oxygen gas in the cooling device from leaking to the separator side. Moreover, the sealing property is stable over time because of the material sealing structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste disposal apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed side view of the rejecting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an arrow view along the line AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of another example of the cooling device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste supply apparatus 2 Pyrolysis reactor 3 Discharge apparatus 4 Combustor 5 Burner 6 Cooling apparatus 7 Separation apparatus 8 Spiral fin 9 Body 10 Inlet part 11 Outlet part 30,34 Sealing means 31,35 Material seal 32,36 Delivery apparatus (Screw conveyor)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A pyrolysis reactor for heating and thermally decomposing waste to produce a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components, and separating the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis residue. Discharging device, a cooling device for cooling the pyrolysis residue discharged from the discharging device in a low-oxygen atmosphere, and converting the pyrolysis residue cooled by the cooling device to a combustible component and a non-combustible component. Waste having a cooling device, comprising: a separation device for separating the carbonized gas from the discharge device and a combustible component from the separation device to burn the carbonized gas and the combustible component. In the processing apparatus, the cooling device is provided with sealing means at an inlet and an outlet of a pyrolysis residue to shut off an inside and outside atmosphere, and the sealing means is a material seal structure using the pyrolysis residue itself sent to the other side as the blocking member. Sending Waste treatment apparatus having a cooling apparatus characterized by consisting apparatus. 2. The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the delivery device of the sealing means is a screw conveyor or a pusher. 3. The cylindrical body according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device has an inlet portion connected to the discharge device at one end and an outlet portion connected to the separation device at the other end. Driving means for rotating and driving the body to transfer pyrolysis residue supplied from the discharge device into the body from the inlet to the outlet; and pyrolysis residue transferred through the body. A waste treatment apparatus having a cooling device, comprising cooling means for cooling an object. 4. The cooling device according to claim 3, wherein a nozzle is disposed outside the body as the cooling means, and cooling water is sprayed from the nozzle onto an outer surface of the body. Waste treatment equipment. 5. The cooling device according to claim 3, wherein a water tank storing cooling water is arranged at a lower part of the body as the cooling means, and at least a lower part of the body is immersed in the cooling water. Waste treatment device with device. 6. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a cooling pipe is disposed inside the body as the cooling means, and cooling water is supplied to the cooling pipe. . 7. The cooling means according to claim 3, wherein the body has at least a double shell structure, and cooling water is supplied into a gap formed between the shells. Waste treatment device having a cooling device to perform.